CN108585204B - Soybean straw-based sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Soybean straw-based sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108585204B CN108585204B CN201810492973.XA CN201810492973A CN108585204B CN 108585204 B CN108585204 B CN 108585204B CN 201810492973 A CN201810492973 A CN 201810492973A CN 108585204 B CN108585204 B CN 108585204B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
Abstract
A sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws and a use method thereof relate to a sewage treatment device and a use method thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of large surplus of agricultural straws, poor biocompatibility of a biological carrier material, poor energy transmission, small biological adhesion and weak corrosion resistance in a water treatment biomembrane method in the prior art. The device of the invention consists of an adjusting tank, a water inlet pump, a biochemical system and a secondary sedimentation tank; the biochemical system is a double-tank switching type biological membrane system or a single-tank switching type biological membrane system; the biomembrane carrier is composed of straw modules. The use method of the device of the invention is as follows: firstly, hanging a membrane on a carrier; and secondly, operation control. The invention has the advantages of COD removal efficiency of 85-95% and denitrification efficiency of 70-85%, and the process has the characteristics of no need of sludge backflow and less generated residual sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment device and a using method thereof.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and crop straws are produced in large quantities and are widely distributed. The straw is an agricultural byproduct and an agricultural resource, and is reasonably utilized. The straw can be reasonably utilized and disposed according to the characteristics of the straw variety, the plant characteristics, the maturity degree during growth and harvesting and the like. At present, the method for utilizing and disposing the straws in China mainly comprises the steps of serving as a fuel for daily life of rural families, serving as a boiler fuel, part of livestock and poultry feed, preparing fuel gas through gasification and cracking, making paper raw materials, part of formed composite board raw materials, extracting certain beneficial components, using agricultural fertilizers, returning the straws to the field directly and the like. In the utilization and disposal methods, the traditional treatment modes such as fuel combustion, direct returning to fields, coarse feed processing and the like are mainly used, and the other methods have the advantages of small straw treatment amount and low proportion in actual production and life.
With the improvement of rural living standard and the promotion of rural urbanization construction, rural energy consumption types are changed, and the traditional rural straw fuel energy mode is gradually changed into an electricity, coal and liquefied natural gas energy mode, so that a large amount of surplus agricultural straws are caused, and serious environmental problems are caused due to improper disposal of the surplus straws. In recent years, various straw non-fuel utilization methods and technologies, such as novel methods and technologies of gasification cracking, papermaking, composite board materials, biological fermentation and the like, are developed, but are limited by technical maturity, equipment capacity, straw materials, straw product performance, application fields and the like, and the straw utilization scale and utilization efficiency are low. Although the direct straw returning technology can solve the problem of residual straws in a large quantity, the returning increases the crushing cost, and some straws are not suitable for returning to the field, and the returning implementation of the straws is difficult. In addition, returning the field to the field disposes the straw as waste, which actually causes resource waste.
Therefore, how to research and develop the material value of the straw from the aspects of structure and function according to the variety and characteristics of the straw, broaden the application field of straw resource utilization, and improve the economic added value of the straw is an important link for gradually realizing the comprehensive utilization of the agricultural straw.
On the other hand, in the field of sewage treatment in environmental engineering, the biological treatment method is the most widely applied sewage treatment method, wherein the biofilm method in the biological treatment method is widely applied due to the advantages of high treatment efficiency, good effect, good biological stability, strong impact load resistance and the like, and the biofilm method is one of the most main treatment methods in the field of sewage treatment at present.
The biofilm method is to add a solid carrier into a reactor (or a structure) so that microorganisms are attached to and grow on the carrier. Common carriers for biofilms can be divided into inorganic carriers, organic carriers and natural degradable carriers. Inorganic carriers such as pebbles, haydites, zeolites, activated carbon, etc., mostly have a granular structure. The organic carrier comprises polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE), Polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyurethane, various resins, plastics, soft or semi-soft fibers and the like. The natural degradable carrier is prepared by extracting natural raw materials such as alginate, chitosan, cellulose and the like.
Inorganic carriers are mostly used in biological filters, natural degradable carriers have high cost and small application range, organic carriers have large application amount, and the biological carriers of the existing sewage treatment plants are mostly organic carriers.
The organic carriers have the advantages that: the organic carrier has light weight, easy processing and forming and corrosion resistance, and some organic carriers can be obtained by reprocessing waste organic products, thereby saving primary raw materials. Organic carriers have disadvantages in that: the organic carrier has poor hydrophilic performance and biological affinity, and has a smooth surface, so that the film forming speed is low, the film forming amount is small, and the combination degree between the film and the carrier filler is not tight enough; the permeability (connectivity) inside the carrier is poor, the capacity of mass transfer to inner-layer microorganisms is poor, the thickness of the biological membrane is small, and the biological diversity and the ecological stability of the biological membrane are poor; the raw material synthesis process is complex, the processing process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, a large amount of organic pollutants are generated in the production process, the carriers cannot be recycled after being discarded, the discarded carriers are difficult to degrade, and the waste carriers need to be treated according to solid waste; the organic carrier is a high molecular material, the cost of the raw material is high, the price of the organic carrier is high, generally, the price of the organic carrier is hundreds of yuan per cubic meter to thousands of yuan per cubic meter, and the high cost is the most main factor for restricting the application of the organic carrier.
Therefore, in the field of sewage treatment, finding a biological carrier material which has good biocompatibility, strong mass transfer capability of a structural porous tube, large biological attachment amount, strong corrosion resistance, low price, easy obtainment and environmental friendliness is an important link for improving the effect of the biomembrane method and expanding the market application scale of the biomembrane method.
In agricultural straw resources, some straws (or parts) are hard, high in lignification degree, high in crude fiber content and strong in corrosion resistance, and the straws (or parts) have good support performance and basic conditions of biomembrane carrier materials. How to select the straws (or parts) suitable for the biological carrier from the aspects of material structure and functionality and construct a suitable sewage treatment biological membrane system device according to the types and characteristics of the straws is very necessary for widening the application field of straw recycling, improving the economic added value of the straws, greatly reducing the cost of the sewage biological membrane carrier and improving the treatment efficiency of the sewage treatment biological membrane system, and is an urgent technology for realizing the effective utilization of the straw recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws and a using method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing agricultural straws are excessive in quantity to generate serious environmental problems, and the biological carrier material in a water treatment biomembrane method has poor biocompatibility, poor energy transmission capability, small biological attachment amount and weak corrosion resistance.
The invention relates to a sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws, which consists of a regulating tank 2, a water inlet pump 3, a biochemical system 1 and a secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the water outlet of the adjusting tank 2 is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pump 3, the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3 is connected with the water inlet of the biochemical system 1, and the water outlet of the biochemical system 1 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the biochemical system 1 is a double-tank switching type biological membrane system or a single-tank switching type biological membrane system;
the double-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a first biochemical tank 4, a second biochemical tank 5, a third biochemical tank 6, a first backwater pump 8, a second valve 10, a first valve 11, a first aeration fan 14, a first gas flow regulating valve 15, a second gas flow regulating valve 16 and a third gas flow regulating valve 17;
the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3 is connected with a first water inlet pipe 4-1 of a first biochemical pool 4, the water outlet of the first biochemical pool 4 is connected with a second water inlet pipe 5-1 of a second biochemical pool 5, the water outlet of the second biochemical pool 5 is connected with the water inlet of a third biochemical pool 6, the water outlet of the third biochemical pool 6 is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a first water outlet pipe 6-1 and the water inlet of a third return pipe 6-2, the water outlet of the first water outlet pipe 6-1 is connected with the water inlet of a second sedimentation pool 7, the water outlet of the third return pipe 6-2 is respectively connected with the water inlet of a second return pipe 5-2 and the water inlet of a first return pipe 4-2, the water outlet of the second return pipe 5-2 is connected with the water inlet of the second biochemical pool 5, the water outlet of the first return pipe 4-2 is connected with the water inlet of the first, a first reflux pump 8 is arranged on a third reflux pipe 6-2, a second valve 10 is arranged on a second reflux pipe 5-2, a first valve 11 is arranged on a first reflux pipe 4-2, an air outlet of a first aeration fan 14 is respectively communicated with an air inlet of a first gas flow regulating valve 15, an air inlet of a second gas flow regulating valve 16 and an air inlet of a third gas flow regulating valve 17, an air outlet of the first gas flow regulating valve 15 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the first biochemical pool 4, an air outlet of the second gas flow regulating valve 16 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the second biochemical pool 5, and an air outlet of the third gas flow regulating valve 17 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the third biochemical pool 6;
the first biochemical pond 4 consists of a plurality of first biological membrane carriers 9, a plurality of first aerators 18 and a first flow baffle plate 19; a plurality of first biological membrane carriers 9 are uniformly arranged in the tank body, a first aerator 18 is arranged right below each first biological membrane carrier 9, the first aerator 18 is arranged at the bottom of the tank, an air inlet of the first aerator 18 is communicated with an air outlet of the first gas flow regulating valve 15, and a first flow baffle plate 19 is vertically arranged at one end, close to an water outlet, in the tank body; the edge of the first biomembrane carrier 9 adjacent to the side wall of the tank body is 30-50 cm away from the side wall of the tank body, the lower edge of the first biomembrane carrier 9 is 10-30 cm away from the bottom of the tank, the distance between the adjacent first biomembrane carriers 9 is 20-100 cm, and the volume of all the first biomembrane carriers 9 accounts for 30-70% of the effective tank volume of the tank body; the first biological membrane carrier 9 is fixed at the bottom of the tank through a rigid bracket;
the first biochemical pool 4, the second biochemical pool 5 and the third biochemical pool 6 have the same structure;
the preparation method of the first biological membrane carrier 9 comprises the following steps:
firstly, material selection: selecting soybean straws after mature and harvested soybeans, only keeping the part of the soybean straws 20-40 cm above the ground and the part of the soybean straws 10-20 cm below the ground, removing fine lateral branches and leaves of the overground part of the straws and removing fine root hairs of the underground part of the straws;
secondly, cleaning the straws: soaking the soybean straws treated in the step one in water at the temperature of 15-50 ℃ for 12-24 h, washing off soil on the straws by water power, and peeling off the skins of the straws by a mechanical mode;
thirdly, preparing a straw monomer: combining the soybean straws cleaned in the second step into flower-bunch-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers in a cutting, weaving and bundling manner;
the flaky straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a row;
the cylindrical straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a cylinder;
fourthly, building the straw modules:
uniformly fixing one or more of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers on a cylindrical keel frame structure to obtain a cylindrical straw module; the cylindrical keel frame structure is formed by sleeving a plurality of concentric cylindrical keel frames together, a plurality of grid discs are horizontally arranged in the cylindrical keel frame structure, the grid discs are formed by weaving the soybean straws cleaned in the step two, and a plurality of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers are uniformly fixed on the grid discs;
placing a plurality of soybean straws, a plurality of bouquet-shaped straw monomers or a plurality of cylindrical straw monomers in a cage-shaped skeleton structure to prepare a cage-shaped straw module;
combining the sheet straw monomers into a cuboid module in a weaving mode;
the cylindrical straw module, the cage-shaped straw module or the cuboid-shaped module is a first biological membrane carrier 9;
the single-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a tank body 21, a second flow baffle 22, a fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, an even number of straw walls 25, a second biomembrane carrier 26, a second aerator 27, a second return water pump 28 and a second aeration fan 29; an even number of straw walls 25 are fixed on the side wall of the tank body 21 in parallel to divide the tank body 21 into odd number of compartments, all the straw walls 25 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the thickness of the straw walls 25 is 20 cm-50 cm, and the lower edge of the straw walls 25 is 5 cm-10 cm away from the bottom of the tank; a plurality of second biofilm carriers 26 are uniformly arranged in each compartment in the tank body 21, the distance between every two adjacent second biofilm carriers 26 is 20-100 cm, the volume of all the second biofilm carriers 26 accounts for 30-70% of the effective tank volume of the tank body 21, a second aerator 27 is arranged right below each second biofilm carrier 26, the second aerator 27 is fixed at the bottom of the tank body 21, the air inlets of all the second aerators 27 in each compartment are communicated with the air outlet of the same fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, and the air inlets of all the fourth gas flow regulating valves 24 are communicated with the air outlet of the same second aeration fan 29; the second flow baffle 22 is vertically arranged at one end of the tank body 21 close to the water outlet and in a compartment closest to the outlet of the tank body 21; the water outlet of the tank body 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a second water outlet pipe 21-2 and the water inlet of a fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of the second water outlet pipe 21-2 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7, the water outlet of the fourth return pipe 21-3 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, a second return water pump 28 is arranged on the fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of a third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, and the water inlet of the third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3; the straw wall 25 is a cuboid straw module;
the second biofilm carrier 26 is the same as the first biofilm carrier 9.
When the biochemical system 1 is a double-tank switching type biological membrane system, the use method of the device for treating the biological membrane carrier based on the soybean straws comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water into the first biochemical tank 4, the second biochemical tank 5 and the third biochemical tank 6 to ensure that the upper edge of a first biomembrane carrier 9 in the three tanks is 0-80 cm lower than the water surface 20 in the tanks, soaking for 24-72 h, starting the first aeration fan 14 to start aeration, wherein the volume ratio of the aeration volume per hour to the water in the biochemical tanks is (15-20): 1, adding the transported sludge of the secondary sedimentation tanks into the three tanks for inoculation, wherein the inoculation amount of the transported sludge of the secondary sedimentation tanks is 10-15 percent of the effective tank volume of a single biochemical tank, reducing the aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tanks to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier membrane hanging when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80 percent and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60 percent;
secondly, operation control:
firstly, establishing an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode: keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6 at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L by aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the second biochemical tank 5 to ensure that the content of the dissolved oxygen in the second biochemical tank 5 is 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, operating for 24 h-72 h, forming a stable biological membrane system with oxygen deficiency as the main part in the second biochemical tank 5, forming a biological membrane system with aerobic main part in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, attaching thicker biological membranes on the surfaces of biological membrane carriers in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, and attaching microorganisms to hollow structures in straws, so that some biological membranes existing inside the biological membranes and inside the straws are in an oxygen deficiency state due to unsmooth gas mass transfer, which causes oxygen deficiency areas on the inner sides of the biological membrane carriers in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, the anaerobic function can be partially realized, namely the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6 are biological systems with main aerobic and auxiliary anaerobic functions; in the second biochemical tank 5, because the water still contains a small amount of dissolved oxygen, the surface of the biomembrane carrier is in an aerobic environment, and the surface microorganisms have a partial aerobic function, namely, an anoxic unit is a biological system which is mainly anoxic and is well-supported;
keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first biochemical pool 4 and the third biochemical pool 6 at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, keeping the content of dissolved oxygen in the second biochemical pool 5 at 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, starting the water inlet pump 3, enabling the sewage to be treated to flow into the first biochemical pool 4, the second biochemical pool 5 and the third biochemical pool 6 in sequence, starting the first reflux pump 8, opening the second valve 10, closing the first valve 11, and performing nitration liquid reflux; a biological reaction process with main aerobic and main anaerobic as an auxiliary is carried out in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, and a biological reaction process with main aerobic and auxiliary anaerobic is carried out in the second biochemical tank 5;
and thirdly, double-pool switching: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the second biochemical tank 5 is reduced to 50-60 percent, reducing the aeration quantity of the first biochemical tank 4 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the first biochemical tank 4 is 0.2-0.5 mg/L, increasing the aeration quantity of the second biochemical tank 5 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the second biochemical tank 5 is 2-4 mg/L, opening the first valve 11, closing the second valve 10, performing nitration liquid reflux to form an anoxic-aerobic mode, and continuously operating;
and fourthly, when the removal rate of the nitrogen in the anoxic tank is reduced to 50 to 60 percent, repeating the process of the second step or the third step, and switching between an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode and an anoxic-aerobic mode.
When the biochemical system 1 is a single-tank switching type biological membrane system, the use method of the device for treating the biological membrane carrier based on the soybean straws comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water into the tank body 21 to ensure that the upper edge of a second biomembrane carrier 26 in the tank is 0-80 cm lower than the water surface 23 in the tank, soaking for 24-72 h, starting a second aeration fan 29 to start aeration, opening all fourth gas flow regulating valves 24, ensuring that the volume ratio of the aeration volume per hour to the water in the biochemical tank is (15-20): 1, adding transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge into the tank for inoculation, ensuring that the inoculation amount of the transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge is 10-15 percent of the effective tank volume of the biochemical tank, reducing the aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tank to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier membrane hanging when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80 percent and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60 percent;
secondly, operation control:
arranging the compartments from the water inlet end of the tank body 21, keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in the odd-numbered compartments at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L through aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the even-numbered compartments to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartments to be 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, operating for 24 h-72 h, forming a stable biological membrane system with oxygen deficiency as a main component and good nutrition as an auxiliary component in the even-numbered compartments, and forming a biological system with oxygen deficiency as a main component and oxygen deficiency as an auxiliary component in the odd-numbered compartments;
secondly, keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the odd-numbered compartments at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, keeping the content of the dissolved oxygen in the even-numbered compartments at 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, starting a water inlet pump 3, enabling the sewage to be treated to flow into the tank body 21 in sequence, starting a second return water pump 28, and performing nitrification liquid return; carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as well as main anoxic as auxiliary in odd-numbered compartments and carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as auxiliary anoxic as in even-numbered compartments;
and thirdly, switching modes in the single pool: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the even-numbered compartments is reduced to 50% -60%, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the compartment closest to the water outlet in the tank body 21 is kept to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the odd-numbered compartments is reduced to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the odd-numbered compartments to be 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the even-numbered compartments is increased to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartments to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, and the operation is continuous;
fourthly, the nitrogen removal rate of the odd-numbered compartments except the last odd-numbered compartment is reduced to 50% -60%, the operation of the second step or the third step is repeated, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the last compartment is always kept to be 2-4 mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentrations of other compartments are switched.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
after the straw carrier biomembrane system is constructed and operated according to a double-tank switching type or a single-tank switching type, organic matters in sewage are sufficiently and efficiently degraded, ammonia nitrogen is effectively removed, the removal efficiency of COD by the process reaches 85-95%, the denitrification efficiency reaches 70-85%, and the process has the characteristics of no need of sludge backflow and less amount of generated residual sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment biofilm carrier device based on soybean straws according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two-tank switching type biofilm system according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first biochemical pool 4 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single-cell switching biofilm system according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flower-bunch-shaped straw monomer according to a first embodiment, and 30 is soybean straw;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cylindrical straw module according to the first embodiment, wherein 31 is a cylindrical keel frame, 32 is a grid disc, and 33 is a straw monomer;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a grid disk according to the first embodiment, where 32 is the grid disk and 33 is a straw single body;
fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical straw module according to a first embodiment, and 31 is a cylindrical keel frame.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a device for treating a biomembrane carrier of sewage based on soybean straws, as shown in fig. 1-10, and specifically comprises an adjusting tank 2, a water inlet pump 3, a biochemical system 1 and a secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the water outlet of the adjusting tank 2 is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pump 3, the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3 is connected with the water inlet of the biochemical system 1, and the water outlet of the biochemical system 1 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the biochemical system 1 is a double-tank switching type biological membrane system or a single-tank switching type biological membrane system;
the double-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a first biochemical tank 4, a second biochemical tank 5, a third biochemical tank 6, a first backwater pump 8, a second valve 10, a first valve 11, a first aeration fan 14, a first gas flow regulating valve 15, a second gas flow regulating valve 16 and a third gas flow regulating valve 17;
the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3 is connected with a first water inlet pipe 4-1 of a first biochemical pool 4, the water outlet of the first biochemical pool 4 is connected with a second water inlet pipe 5-1 of a second biochemical pool 5, the water outlet of the second biochemical pool 5 is connected with the water inlet of a third biochemical pool 6, the water outlet of the third biochemical pool 6 is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a first water outlet pipe 6-1 and the water inlet of a third return pipe 6-2, the water outlet of the first water outlet pipe 6-1 is connected with the water inlet of a second sedimentation pool 7, the water outlet of the third return pipe 6-2 is respectively connected with the water inlet of a second return pipe 5-2 and the water inlet of a first return pipe 4-2, the water outlet of the second return pipe 5-2 is connected with the water inlet of the second biochemical pool 5, the water outlet of the first return pipe 4-2 is connected with the water inlet of the first, a first reflux pump 8 is arranged on a third reflux pipe 6-2, a second valve 10 is arranged on a second reflux pipe 5-2, a first valve 11 is arranged on a first reflux pipe 4-2, an air outlet of a first aeration fan 14 is respectively communicated with an air inlet of a first gas flow regulating valve 15, an air inlet of a second gas flow regulating valve 16 and an air inlet of a third gas flow regulating valve 17, an air outlet of the first gas flow regulating valve 15 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the first biochemical pool 4, an air outlet of the second gas flow regulating valve 16 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the second biochemical pool 5, and an air outlet of the third gas flow regulating valve 17 is communicated with an air inlet at the bottom of the third biochemical pool 6;
the first biochemical pond 4 consists of a plurality of first biological membrane carriers 9, a plurality of first aerators 18 and a first flow baffle plate 19; a plurality of first biological membrane carriers 9 are uniformly arranged in the tank body, a first aerator 18 is arranged right below each first biological membrane carrier 9, the first aerator 18 is arranged at the bottom of the tank, an air inlet of the first aerator 18 is communicated with an air outlet of the first gas flow regulating valve 15, and a first flow baffle plate 19 is vertically arranged at one end, close to an water outlet, in the tank body; the edge of the first biomembrane carrier 9 adjacent to the side wall of the tank body is 30-50 cm away from the side wall of the tank body, the lower edge of the first biomembrane carrier 9 is 10-30 cm away from the bottom of the tank, the distance between the adjacent first biomembrane carriers 9 is 20-100 cm, and the volume of all the first biomembrane carriers 9 accounts for 30-70% of the effective tank volume of the tank body; the first biological membrane carrier 9 is fixed at the bottom of the tank through a rigid bracket;
the first biochemical pool 4, the second biochemical pool 5 and the third biochemical pool 6 have the same structure;
the preparation method of the first biological membrane carrier 9 comprises the following steps:
firstly, material selection: selecting soybean straws after mature and harvested soybeans, only keeping the part of the soybean straws 20-40 cm above the ground and the part of the soybean straws 10-20 cm below the ground, removing fine lateral branches and leaves of the overground part of the straws and removing fine root hairs of the underground part of the straws;
secondly, cleaning the straws: soaking the soybean straws treated in the step one in water at the temperature of 15-50 ℃ for 12-24 h, washing off soil on the straws by water power, and peeling off the skins of the straws by a mechanical mode;
thirdly, preparing a straw monomer: combining the soybean straws cleaned in the second step into flower-bunch-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers in a cutting, weaving and bundling manner;
the flaky straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a row;
the cylindrical straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a cylinder;
fourthly, building the straw modules:
uniformly fixing one or more of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers on a cylindrical keel frame structure to obtain a cylindrical straw module; the cylindrical keel frame structure is formed by sleeving a plurality of concentric cylindrical keel frames together, a plurality of grid discs are horizontally arranged in the cylindrical keel frame structure, the grid discs are formed by weaving the soybean straws cleaned in the step two, and a plurality of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers are uniformly fixed on the grid discs;
placing a plurality of soybean straws, a plurality of bouquet-shaped straw monomers or a plurality of cylindrical straw monomers in a cage-shaped skeleton structure to prepare a cage-shaped straw module;
combining the flaky straw monomers into a rectangular straw module in a weaving mode;
one or more of the cylindrical straw modules, the cage-shaped straw modules and the cuboid-shaped modules are mixed to form a first biological membrane carrier 9;
the single-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a tank body 21, a second flow baffle 22, a fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, an even number of straw walls 25, a second biomembrane carrier 26, a second aerator 27, a second return water pump 28 and a second aeration fan 29; an even number of straw walls 25 are fixed on the side wall of the tank body 21 in parallel to divide the tank body 21 into odd number of compartments, all the straw walls 25 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the thickness of the straw walls 25 is 20 cm-50 cm, and the lower edge of the straw walls 25 is 5 cm-10 cm away from the bottom of the tank; a plurality of second biofilm carriers 26 are uniformly arranged in each compartment in the tank body 21, the distance between every two adjacent second biofilm carriers 26 is 20-100 cm, the volume of all the second biofilm carriers 26 accounts for 30-70% of the effective tank volume of the tank body 21, a second aerator 27 is arranged right below each second biofilm carrier 26, the second aerator 27 is fixed at the bottom of the tank body 21, the air inlets of all the second aerators 27 in each compartment are communicated with the air outlet of the same fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, and the air inlets of all the fourth gas flow regulating valves 24 are communicated with the air outlet of the same second aeration fan 29; the second flow baffle 22 is vertically arranged at one end of the tank body 21 close to the water outlet and in a compartment closest to the outlet of the tank body 21; the water outlet of the tank body 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a second water outlet pipe 21-2 and the water inlet of a fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of the second water outlet pipe 21-2 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7, the water outlet of the fourth return pipe 21-3 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, a second return water pump 28 is arranged on the fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of a third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, and the water inlet of the third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3; the straw wall 25 is a cuboid straw module;
the second biofilm carrier 26 is the same as the first biofilm carrier 9.
The second embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a method for using a soybean straw-based sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device, and when the biochemical system 1 is a double-tank switching type biomembrane system, the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water or clean water into the first biochemical tank 4, the second biochemical tank 5 and the third biochemical tank 6 to ensure that the upper edge of a first biomembrane carrier 9 in the three tanks is 0-80 cm lower than the water surface 20 in the tanks, soaking for 24-72 h, starting the first aeration fan 14 to start aeration, wherein the volume ratio of aeration volume per hour to water in the biochemical tanks is (15-20): 1, adding transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge into the three tanks for inoculation, wherein the inoculation amount of the transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge is 10-15 percent of the effective tank volume of a single biochemical tank, reducing aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tanks to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier membrane hanging when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80 percent and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60 percent;
secondly, operation control:
firstly, establishing an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode: keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6 at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L by aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the second biochemical tank 5 to ensure that the content of the dissolved oxygen in the second biochemical tank 5 is 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, operating for 24 h-72 h, forming a stable biological membrane system with oxygen deficiency as the main part in the second biochemical tank 5, forming a biological membrane system with aerobic main part in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, attaching thicker biological membranes on the surfaces of biological membrane carriers in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, and attaching microorganisms to hollow structures in straws, so that some biological membranes existing inside the biological membranes and inside the straws are in an oxygen deficiency state due to unsmooth gas mass transfer, which causes oxygen deficiency areas on the inner sides of the biological membrane carriers in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, the anaerobic function can be partially realized, namely the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6 are biological systems with main aerobic and auxiliary anaerobic functions; in the second biochemical tank 5, because the water still contains a small amount of dissolved oxygen, the surface of the biomembrane carrier is in an aerobic environment, and the surface microorganisms have a partial aerobic function, namely, an anoxic unit is a biological system which is mainly anoxic and is well-supported;
keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first biochemical pool 4 and the third biochemical pool 6 at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, keeping the content of dissolved oxygen in the second biochemical pool 5 at 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, starting the water inlet pump 3, enabling the sewage to be treated to flow into the first biochemical pool 4, the second biochemical pool 5 and the third biochemical pool 6 in sequence, starting the first reflux pump 8, opening the second valve 10, closing the first valve 11, and performing nitration liquid reflux; a biological reaction process with main aerobic and main anaerobic as an auxiliary is carried out in the first biochemical tank 4 and the third biochemical tank 6, and a biological reaction process with main aerobic and auxiliary anaerobic is carried out in the second biochemical tank 5;
and thirdly, double-pool switching: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the second biochemical tank 5 is reduced to 50-60 percent, reducing the aeration quantity of the first biochemical tank 4 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the first biochemical tank 4 is 0.2-0.5 mg/L, increasing the aeration quantity of the second biochemical tank 5 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the second biochemical tank 5 is 2-4 mg/L, opening the first valve 11, closing the second valve 10, performing nitration liquid reflux to form an anoxic-aerobic mode, and continuously operating;
and fourthly, when the removal rate of the nitrogen in the anoxic tank is reduced to 50 to 60 percent, repeating the process of the second step or the third step, and switching between an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode and an anoxic-aerobic mode.
The third concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is a method for using a soybean straw-based sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device, and when the biochemical system 1 is a single-tank switching type biomembrane system, the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water or clean water into the tank body 21 to ensure that the upper edge of a second biomembrane carrier 26 in the tank is 0-80 cm lower than the water surface 23 in the tank, soaking for 24-72 h, starting a second aeration fan 29 to start aeration, opening all fourth gas flow regulating valves 24, wherein the volume ratio of the aeration volume per hour to the water in the biochemical tank is (15-20): 1, adding transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge into the tank for inoculation, wherein the inoculation amount of the transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge is 10-15% of the effective tank volume of the biochemical tank, reducing the aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tank to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier membrane hanging when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80% and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60%;
secondly, operation control:
arranging the compartments from the water inlet end of the tank body 21, keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in the odd-numbered compartments at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L through aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the even-numbered compartments to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartments to be 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, operating for 24 h-72 h, forming a stable biological membrane system with oxygen deficiency as a main component and good nutrition as an auxiliary component in the even-numbered compartments, and forming a biological system with oxygen deficiency as a main component and oxygen deficiency as an auxiliary component in the odd-numbered compartments;
secondly, keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the odd-numbered compartments at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, keeping the content of the dissolved oxygen in the even-numbered compartments at 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, starting a water inlet pump 3, enabling the sewage to be treated to flow into the tank body 21 in sequence, starting a second return water pump 28, and performing nitrification liquid return; carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as well as main anoxic as auxiliary in odd-numbered compartments and carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as auxiliary anoxic as in even-numbered compartments;
and thirdly, switching modes in the single pool: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the even-numbered compartments is reduced to 50% -60%, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the compartment closest to the water outlet in the tank body 21 is kept to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the odd-numbered compartments is reduced to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the odd-numbered compartments to be 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the even-numbered compartments is increased to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartments to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, and the operation is continuous;
fourthly, the nitrogen removal rate of the odd-numbered compartments except the last odd-numbered compartment is reduced to 50% -60%, the operation of the second step or the third step is repeated, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the last compartment is always kept to be 2-4 mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentrations of other compartments are switched.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the cylindrical keel frame structure is made of PVC materials. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the cage-shaped skeleton structure is made of PVC material. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The invention was verified with the following tests:
test one: the test is a membrane hanging capability test of soybean straw carriers: 2 kinds of common polyester sponges with large film forming amount and the straw module are taken to be subjected to a film forming capability comparison experiment in the same reactor, the reactor is an aerobic reactor, the film forming amount is analyzed by a gravimetric method, the straw module and the polyester sponge are dried in an oven at 105 ℃, the straw module and the polyester sponge with similar mass are taken to be subjected to film forming operation in the same reactor after being dried, the straw module and the polyester sponge are taken out after being operated for 4 weeks, the straw module and the polyester sponge after film forming are placed in the oven, dried at 105 ℃, weighed again, and the biomass loaded on different fillers is compared by calculating the mass change before and after film forming, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Mass Change before and after biofilm formation of different fillers
As can be seen from Table 1, the biofilm amount of the straw module after biofilm formation is 27.7% (w/w) and the biofilm amount of the large-pore sponge carrier is 14% (w/w) and the biofilm amount of the small-pore solid sponge carrier is 11.1% (w/w) for the carriers with approximately the same mass. Therefore, compared with a sponge carrier, the straw is more suitable for the enrichment of the biofilm of microorganisms.
And (2) test II: the test is a device for treating a biomembrane carrier based on soybean straws, as shown in figure 1-figure 10, and specifically comprises an adjusting tank 2, a water inlet pump 3, a biochemical system 1 and a secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the water outlet of the adjusting tank 2 is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pump 3, the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3 is connected with the water inlet of the biochemical system 1, and the water outlet of the biochemical system 1 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7;
the biochemical system 1 is a single-tank switching type biological membrane system;
the single-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a tank body 21, a second flow baffle 22, a fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, two straw walls 25, a second biomembrane carrier 26, a second aerator 27, a second return water pump 28 and a second aeration fan 29; the two straw walls 25 are fixed on the side wall of the tank body 21 in parallel to divide the tank body 21 into three compartments, the effective volume of each compartment is 60L, the two straw walls 25 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the thickness of each straw wall 25 is 20cm, and the lower edge of each straw wall 25 is 5cm away from the bottom of the tank; a plurality of second biofilm carriers 26 are uniformly arranged in each compartment in the tank body 21, the second biofilm carriers 26 are suspended in the tank body 21 by adopting metal wires with the side wall of the reactor as a supporting point, the distance between adjacent second biofilm carriers 26 is 10cm, the volume of all the second biofilm carriers 26 accounts for 50% of the effective tank volume of the tank body 21, a second aerator 27 is arranged right below each second biofilm carrier 26, the second aerator 27 is fixed at the bottom of the tank body 21, the air inlets of all the second aerators 27 in each compartment are communicated with the air outlet of the same fourth gas flow regulating valve 24, and the air inlets of all the fourth gas flow regulating valves 24 are communicated with the air outlet of the same second aeration fan 29; the second flow baffle 22 is vertically arranged at one end of the tank body 21 close to the water outlet and in a compartment closest to the outlet of the tank body 21; the water outlet of the tank body 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a second water outlet pipe 21-2 and the water inlet of a fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of the second water outlet pipe 21-2 is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 7, the water outlet of the fourth return pipe 21-3 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, a second return water pump 28 is arranged on the fourth return pipe 21-3, the water outlet of a third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water inlet of the tank body 21, and the water inlet of the third water inlet pipe 21-1 is communicated with the water outlet of the water inlet pump 3; the straw wall 25 is a cuboid straw module;
the preparation method of the second biofilm carrier 26 is as follows:
firstly, material selection: selecting soybean straws after mature and harvested soybeans, only keeping the part of the soybean straws 20-40 cm above the ground and the part of the soybean straws 10-20 cm below the ground, removing fine lateral branches and leaves of the overground part of the straws and removing fine root hairs of the underground part of the straws;
secondly, cleaning the straws: soaking the soybean straws treated in the step one in water at the temperature of 23 ℃ for 12 hours, washing away soil on the straws by water power, and peeling off the skins of the straws by a mechanical mode;
thirdly, preparing a straw monomer: combining the soybean straws cleaned in the second step into flower-bunch-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers in a cutting, weaving and bundling manner;
the flaky straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a row;
the cylindrical straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a cylinder;
fourthly, building the straw modules:
uniformly fixing one or more of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers on a cylindrical keel frame structure to obtain a cylindrical straw module; the cylindrical keel frame structure is formed by sleeving a plurality of concentric cylindrical keel frames together, a plurality of grid discs are horizontally arranged in the cylindrical keel frame structure, the grid discs are formed by weaving the soybean straws cleaned in the step two, and a plurality of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers are uniformly fixed on the grid discs;
placing a plurality of soybean straw monomers in a cage-shaped skeleton structure to prepare a cage-shaped straw module;
combining the flaky straw monomers into a rectangular straw module in a weaving mode;
the cylindrical straw module and the cage-shaped straw module are mixed into a second biological membrane carrier 26;
the application method of the experimental device for treating the biomembrane carrier based on the soybean straws comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water into the tank body 21 to make the upper edge of the second biomembrane carrier 26 in the tank lower than the water surface 23 in the tank by 2.0cm, soaking for 72h to make the COD concentration of the leachate 1530mg/L, starting the second aeration fan 29 to start aeration, opening all the fourth gas flow regulating valves 24, and aerating at intervals of 0.3m3Adding sludge in an externally transported secondary sedimentation tank into the tank for inoculation, adding 7L of sludge in each compartment, reducing aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tank to be 3mg/L, and completing carrier film formation when the COD removal rate reaches 80% and the denitrification rate reaches 60%;
secondly, operation control:
arranging each compartment from the water inlet end of the tank body 21, keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in the odd-numbered compartment to be 3mg/L through aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the even-numbered (second) compartment to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartment to be 0.3mg/L, operating for 72 hours, forming a stable biological membrane system which is mainly aerobic and is supplemented by anoxic in the even-numbered (second) compartment, and forming a biological system which is mainly aerobic and is supplemented by anoxic in the odd-numbered (first and third) compartments;
keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in odd-numbered (first and third) compartments to be 3mg/L, keeping the dissolved oxygen content in even-numbered (second) compartments to be 0.3mg/L, starting a water inlet pump 3, enabling the sewage to be treated to sequentially flow into a tank body 21, enabling the COD average concentration of inlet water to be 360mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen average concentration to be 34mg/L and phosphorus to be 6mg/L, enabling the total hydraulic retention time HRT to be 12h, and starting a second return water pump 28 to perform nitrification liquid reflux; carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as well as main anoxic as auxiliary in odd-numbered (first and third) compartments, and carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as auxiliary anoxic as in even-numbered (second) compartments;
and thirdly, switching modes in the single pool: and the aeration quantity of the partition chamber in the single tank is switched every 72 hours.
After the reactor runs stably, sampling is continuously carried out for 15 days to analyze the water inlet and outlet indexes. Analysis results show that the average value of the COD concentration of the effluent is 42mg/L, the average value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 6.6mg/L, the average value of the total nitrogen concentration is 12.5mg/L, the average removal rate of the COD is 88.3%, the average removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen is 80.6%, the average removal rate of the total nitrogen is 63.2%, the indexes of the COD, the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen of the effluent all reach the first-level A of the comprehensive wastewater discharge standard (GB18918-2002), and sludge backflow is not required in the operation process.
Claims (5)
1. A sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws is characterized in that the sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws consists of a regulating tank (2), a water inlet pump (3), a biochemical system (1) and a secondary sedimentation tank (7);
the water outlet of the adjusting tank (2) is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet pump (3), the water outlet of the water inlet pump (3) is connected with the water inlet of the biochemical system (1), and the water outlet of the biochemical system (1) is connected with the water inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank (7);
the biochemical system (1) is a double-tank switching type biological membrane system or a single-tank switching type biological membrane system;
the double-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a first biochemical tank (4), a second biochemical tank (5), a third biochemical tank (6), a first return water pump (8), a second valve (10), a first valve (11), a first aeration fan (14), a first gas flow regulating valve (15), a second gas flow regulating valve (16) and a third gas flow regulating valve (17);
the water outlet of the water inlet pump (3) is connected with a first water inlet pipe (4-1) of a first biochemical pool (4), the water outlet of the first biochemical pool (4) is connected with a second water inlet pipe (5-1) of a second biochemical pool (5), the water outlet of the second biochemical pool (5) is connected with the water inlet of a third biochemical pool (6), the water outlet of the third biochemical pool (6) is respectively communicated with the water inlet of a first water outlet pipe (6-1) and the water inlet of a third return pipe (6-2), the water outlet of the first water outlet pipe (6-1) is connected with the water inlet of a second sedimentation pool (7), the water outlet of the third return pipe (6-2) is respectively connected with the water inlet of a second return pipe (5-2) and the water inlet of a first return pipe (4-2), the water outlet of the second return pipe (5-2) is connected with the water inlet of the second biochemical pool (5), the water outlet of the first return pipe (4-2) is connected with the water inlet of the first biochemical pool (4), the third return pipe (6-2) is provided with a first return pump (8), the second return pipe (5-2) is provided with a second valve (10), the first return pipe (4-2) is provided with a first valve (11), the air outlet of the first aeration fan (14) is respectively connected with the air inlet of the first gas flow regulating valve (15), the gas inlet of the second gas flow regulating valve (16) is communicated with the gas inlet of the third gas flow regulating valve (17), the gas outlet of the first gas flow regulating valve (15) is communicated with the gas inlet at the bottom of the first biochemical pool (4), the gas outlet of the second gas flow regulating valve (16) is communicated with the gas inlet at the bottom of the second biochemical pool (5), and the gas outlet of the third gas flow regulating valve (17) is communicated with the gas inlet at the bottom of the third biochemical pool (6);
the first biochemical tank (4) consists of a plurality of first biological membrane carriers (9), a plurality of first aerators (18) and a first flow baffle plate (19); a plurality of first biological membrane carriers (9) are uniformly arranged in the tank body, a first aerator (18) is arranged under each first biological membrane carrier (9), the first aerator (18) is arranged at the bottom of the tank, an air inlet of the first aerator (18) is communicated with an air outlet of a first gas flow regulating valve (15), and a first flow baffle plate (19) is vertically arranged at one end, close to an water outlet, in the tank body; the edge of the first biological membrane carrier (9) adjacent to the side wall of the tank body is 30 cm-50 cm away from the side wall of the tank body, the lower edge of the first biological membrane carrier (9) is 10 cm-30 cm away from the bottom of the tank body, the distance between the adjacent first biological membrane carriers (9) is 20 cm-100 cm, and the volume of all the first biological membrane carriers (9) accounts for 30% -70% of the effective tank volume of the tank body;
the first biochemical pool (4), the second biochemical pool (5) and the third biochemical pool (6) have the same structure;
the preparation method of the first biological membrane carrier (9) comprises the following steps:
firstly, material selection: selecting soybean straws after mature and harvested soybeans, only keeping the part of the soybean straws 20-40 cm above the ground and the part of the soybean straws 10-20 cm below the ground, removing fine lateral branches and leaves of the overground part of the straws and removing fine root hairs of the underground part of the straws;
secondly, cleaning the straws: soaking the soybean straws treated in the step one in water at the temperature of 15-50 ℃ for 12-24 h, washing off soil on the straws by water power, and peeling off the skins of the straws by a mechanical mode;
thirdly, preparing a straw monomer: combining the soybean straws cleaned in the second step into flower-bunch-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers in a cutting, weaving and bundling manner;
the flaky straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a row;
the cylindrical straw monomer is formed by fixing a plurality of soybean straws in parallel into a cylinder;
fourthly, building the straw modules:
uniformly fixing one or more of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers on a cylindrical keel frame structure to obtain a cylindrical straw module; the cylindrical keel frame structure is formed by sleeving a plurality of concentric cylindrical keel frames together, a plurality of grid discs are horizontally arranged in the cylindrical keel frame structure, the grid discs are formed by weaving the soybean straws cleaned in the step two, and a plurality of bouquet-shaped, sheet-shaped or cylindrical straw monomers are uniformly fixed on the grid discs;
placing a plurality of soybean straws, a plurality of bouquet-shaped straw monomers or a plurality of cylindrical straw monomers in a cage-shaped skeleton structure to prepare a cage-shaped straw module;
combining the flaky straw monomers into a rectangular straw module in a weaving mode;
one or more of the cylindrical straw modules, the cage-shaped straw modules and the cuboid-shaped modules are mixed to form a first biological membrane carrier (9);
the single-tank switching type biomembrane system consists of a tank body (21), a second flow baffle (22), a fourth gas flow regulating valve (24), an even number of straw walls (25), a second biomembrane carrier (26), a second aerator (27), a second return water pump (28) and a second aeration fan (29); an even number of straw walls (25) are fixed on the side wall of the tank body (21) in parallel to divide the tank body (21) into odd number of compartments, all the straw walls (25) are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the thickness of the straw walls (25) is 20 cm-50 cm, and the lower edge of each straw wall (25) is 5 cm-10 cm away from the bottom of the tank; a plurality of second biofilm carriers (26) are uniformly arranged in each compartment in the tank body (21), the distance between every two adjacent second biofilm carriers (26) is 20-100 cm, the volume of all the second biofilm carriers (26) accounts for 30-70% of the effective tank capacity of the tank body (21), a second aerator (27) is arranged right below each second biofilm carrier (26), the second aerator (27) is fixed at the bottom of the tank body (21), the air inlets of all the second aerators (27) in each compartment are communicated with the air outlet of the same fourth gas flow regulating valve (24), and the air inlets of all the fourth gas flow regulating valves (24) are communicated with the air outlet of the same second aeration fan (29); the second flow baffle (22) is vertically arranged at one end of the tank body (21) close to the water outlet and in the compartment closest to the water outlet of the tank body (21); a water outlet of the tank body (21) is respectively communicated with a water inlet of a second water outlet pipe (21-2) and a water inlet of a fourth return pipe (21-3), a water outlet of the second water outlet pipe (21-2) is connected with a water inlet of a secondary sedimentation tank (7), a water outlet of the fourth return pipe (21-3) is communicated with a water inlet of the tank body (21), a second return water pump (28) is arranged on the fourth return pipe (21-3), a water outlet of a third water inlet pipe (21-1) is communicated with a water inlet of the tank body (21), and a water inlet of the third water inlet pipe (21-1) is communicated with a water outlet of the water inlet pump (3); the straw wall (25) is a cuboid straw module;
the second biofilm carrier (26) is the same as the first biofilm carrier (9).
2. The use method of the soybean straw-based sewage treatment biofilm carrier device according to claim 1, is characterized in that when the biochemical system (1) is a double-tank switching type biofilm system, the use method of the soybean straw-based sewage treatment biofilm carrier device comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water into the first biochemical tank (4), the second biochemical tank (5) and the third biochemical tank (6) to ensure that the upper edge of a first biomembrane carrier (9) in the three tanks is 0-80 cm lower than the water surface in the tanks, soaking for 24-72 h, starting a first aeration fan (14) to start aeration, wherein the volume ratio of aeration volume per hour to water in the biochemical tanks is (15-20): 1, adding transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge into the three tanks for inoculation, wherein the volume of the transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge is 10-15% of the effective tank volume of a single biochemical tank, reducing aeration, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tanks to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier biofilm formation when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80% and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60%;
secondly, operation control:
firstly, establishing an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode: keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in the first biochemical tank (4) and the third biochemical tank (6) to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L through aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the second biochemical tank (5) to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the second biochemical tank (5) is 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, and operating for 24 h-72 h;
keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first biochemical pool (4) and the third biochemical pool (6) at 2 mg/L-4 mg/L, keeping the content of dissolved oxygen in the second biochemical pool (5) at 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, starting the water inlet pump (3), enabling sewage to be treated to flow into the first biochemical pool (4), the second biochemical pool (5) and the third biochemical pool (6) in sequence, starting the first reflux pump (8), opening the second valve (10), closing the first valve (11), and performing nitration liquid reflux; a biological reaction process with main aerobic as well as main anoxic as auxiliary is carried out in the first biochemical tank (4) and the third biochemical tank (6), and a biological reaction process with main anoxic as auxiliary is carried out in the second biochemical tank (5);
and thirdly, double-pool switching: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the second biochemical tank (5) is reduced to 50% -60%, reducing the aeration quantity of the first biochemical tank (4) to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the first biochemical tank (4) is 0.2-0.5 mg/L, increasing the aeration quantity of the second biochemical tank (5) to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the second biochemical tank (5) is 2-4 mg/L, opening the first valve (11), closing the second valve (10), performing nitrification liquid reflux to form an anoxic-aerobic mode, and continuously operating;
fourthly, when the removal rate of the nitrogen in the anoxic tank is reduced to 50 to 60 percent, repeating the process of the second step or the third step, and switching between an aerobic-anoxic-aerobic mode and an anoxic-aerobic mode.
3. The use method of the soybean straw-based sewage treatment biofilm carrier device according to claim 1, is characterized in that when the biochemical system (1) is a single-tank switching type biofilm system, the use method of the soybean straw-based sewage treatment biofilm carrier device comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrier film forming: injecting tap water into the pool body (21) to enable the upper edge of a second biomembrane carrier (26) in the pool to be 0-80 cm lower than the water surface in the pool, soaking for 24-72 h, starting a second aeration fan (29) to start aeration, opening all fourth gas flow regulating valves (24), enabling the volume ratio of aeration volume per hour to water in the biochemical pool to be (15-20): 1, adding transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge into the pool for inoculation, enabling the volume of the transported secondary sedimentation tank sludge to be 10-15% of the effective pool volume of the biochemical pool, reducing aeration amount, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the pool to be 2-4 mg/L, and completing carrier membrane hanging when the COD removal rate reaches 70-80% and the denitrification rate reaches 50-60%;
secondly, operation control:
arranging the compartments from the water inlet end of the tank body (21) to be numbered, keeping the dissolved oxygen concentration in the odd compartments to be 2 mg/L-4 mg/L through aeration, reducing the aeration amount in the even compartments to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the even compartments is 0.2 mg/L-0.5 mg/L, and operating for 24 h-72 h;
secondly, keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the odd-numbered compartments at 2-4 mg/L and the content of the dissolved oxygen in the even-numbered compartments at 0.2-0.5 mg/L, starting a water inlet pump (3), enabling the sewage to be treated to flow into the tank body (21) in sequence, and starting a second return water pump (28) to carry out nitrification liquid return; carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as well as main anoxic as auxiliary in odd-numbered compartments and carrying out a biological reaction process with main aerobic as auxiliary anoxic as in even-numbered compartments;
and thirdly, switching modes in the single pool: when the removal rate of nitrogen in the even-numbered compartments is reduced to 50% -60%, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the compartment closest to the water outlet in the tank body (21) is kept to be 2-4 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the odd-numbered compartments is reduced to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the odd-numbered compartments to be 0.2-0.5 mg/L, the aeration quantity in the even-numbered compartments is increased to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the even-numbered compartments to be 2-4 mg/L, and the operation is continuous;
fourthly, the nitrogen removal rate of the odd-numbered compartments except the last odd-numbered compartment is reduced to 50% -60%, the operation of the second step or the third step is repeated, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the last compartment is always kept to be 2-4 mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentrations of other compartments are switched.
4. The sewage treatment biomembrane carrier device based on soybean straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical keel structure is made of PVC material.
5. The sewage treatment biofilm carrier device based on the soybean straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cage-shaped spherical skeleton structure is made of PVC.
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| CN116854238A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏吉尧新材料科技有限公司 | Blue algae filter equipment of biomembrane |
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