CN114408936A - Preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud - Google Patents

Preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud Download PDF

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CN114408936A
CN114408936A CN202210180530.3A CN202210180530A CN114408936A CN 114408936 A CN114408936 A CN 114408936A CN 202210180530 A CN202210180530 A CN 202210180530A CN 114408936 A CN114408936 A CN 114408936A
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red mud
bentonite
sodium
calcium
ground
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覃爱苗
杨莉花
廖东亮
廖雷
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Guilin University of Technology
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Guilin University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20Silicates
    • C01B33/36Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C01B33/38Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
    • C01B33/40Clays
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/243Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud. (1) Respectively grinding calcium-based bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15-45% of the mass of the calcium-based bentonite into the ground calcium-based bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, uniformly stirring and mixing, and placing the mixture in a sealing bag, wherein the red mud is the solid waste red mud taken from the Bayer process alumina industry. (2) And (2) fully mixing and uniformly dispersing the ground calcium-based bentonite obtained in the step (1) with red mud, standing for 15-30 days, and carrying out sodium treatment at room temperature without adding water to obtain the sodium-based bentonite. The method adopts a dry method, takes the solid waste red mud obtained from the Bayer process alumina industry as the sodium modifier, has cheap raw materials, low energy consumption, energy conservation, environmental protection, simple preparation process and wide application prospect, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the modification process is carried out at normal temperature without adding water.

Description

Preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud
Technical Field
The invention relates to an efficient preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets, and particularly relates to a method for preparing sodium bentonite by mixing calcium bentonite and sodium modifier red mud in a dry method.
Background
Bentonite is a common industrial clay, a layered aluminosilicate mineral, and the main component is montmorillonite (the content is 85% -90%), so the montmorillonite property determines the basic property of the bentonite. The montmorillonite comprises SiO as main ingredient2And Al2O3The crystal structure is composed of two layers of silicon-oxygen tetrahedron [ Si-O ]4]And a layer of aluminum is mixed in the middleOxygen octahedron [ AlO2-(OH)4]The structure belongs to a typical 2:1 monoclinic system structure. The monoclinic structure is continuously stacked to form layered clay, and gaps are formed between adjacent monoclinic structures. Because high-valence cations are easily replaced by low-valence cations, permanent negative charges with different strengths are generated in interlayer gaps, and the interlayer negative charges are compensated by adsorbing the cations to maintain self charge balance, a large amount of cation Ca capable of being used for exchange exists in the interlayer gaps2+、Mg2+、Al3+、Fe3+、Na+、Cl-And the like. When the cation concentration in the medium is higher than the cation concentration in the interlayer space, the interlayer region cation is replaced, which is the interlayer cation exchange characteristic of montmorillonite. Bentonite can be classified into calcium bentonite, sodium bentonite, hydrogen (aluminum) bentonite, magnesium bentonite, etc. according to the kind and amount of exchangeable ions contained in montmorillonite.
China has abundant mineral resources of bentonite, is widely distributed, and has the first total reserve in the world, but the bentonite mainly comprises calcium bentonite, and the natural sodium bentonite only accounts for about 10 percent. Because sodium ions have stronger hydration than calcium ions, sodium bentonite has more excellent physical and chemical properties than calcium bentonite, such as large water absorption, high expansion times, large cation exchange capacity, colloid suspension thixotropy, viscosity, good lubricity, good thermal stability, stronger plasticity, stronger adhesiveness and the like, so the calcium bentonite needs to be modified into the sodium bentonite sometimes to improve the economic value and the application range of the sodium bentonite. The modification principle is to use Na+The bonding strength with Al and Mg is larger than that of Ca2+Bonding strength with Al and Mg by Na+Substitution of inter-bentonite-layer Ca2+Thereby achieving the purpose of sodium modification. The chemical reaction formula of ion exchange is Ca-Bent +2Na + ═ Na2–Bent+Ca2+Wherein Bent is a negatively charged silicate skeleton.
At present, the sodium modification method of calcium-based bentonite mainly comprises a semi-dry method and a wet method, wherein the semi-dry method needs to utilize high-energy mechanical external force to dissolve Na+Ions are forcibly introduced between the montmorillonite layers, so that the energy consumption is high; the wet process requires the addition of a large amount of water,sodium salt and montmorillonite are fully diffused and expanded to realize sodium treatment, and the obtained sodium-treated bentonite needs to be dried at high temperature, so that the energy consumption is high and the time consumption is long.
Currently, the most commonly used sodium salt is Na from an economic standpoint2CO3. The red mud is strong alkaline slurry industrial waste residue discharged during the production of alumina, and contains a large amount of sodium ions. According to statistics, each 1 ton of alumina is produced, about 0.7-2 tons of red mud is generated, and because the red mud is difficult to be directly utilized, the red mud can only be discharged or stockpiled. The large amount of stockpiling of the red mud not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes the strong base existing in the red mud to permeate to the underground, thereby causing the soil alkalization and the groundwater pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complex process, high water consumption, high energy consumption and the like in the existing calcium-based bentonite sodium treatment process, fully utilizes industrial waste red mud as a sodium modification agent, and provides a high-efficiency preparation method of the sodium-based bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on the red mud.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively grinding calcium-based bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15-45% of the mass of the calcium-based bentonite into the ground calcium-based bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, uniformly stirring and mixing, and placing the mixture in a sealing bag, wherein the red mud is the solid waste red mud taken from the Bayer process alumina industry.
(2) And (2) fully mixing and uniformly dispersing the ground calcium-based bentonite obtained in the step (1) with red mud, standing at room temperature for 15-30 days, and performing sodium treatment without adding water to obtain the sodium-based bentonite.
(3) Measuring the sieving rate of the sodium bentonite obtained in the step (2) on a shaker by adopting a test sieve with the diameter of a hole sieve of 75 mu m; the swelling capacity was measured by calculating the volume of 1g of sodium bentonite after swelling in 25mL of hydrochloric acid (1mol/L) +75mL of ultrapure aqueous solution for 24 hours in a 100mL stoppered cylinder.
The method adopts a dry method, takes the solid waste red mud obtained from the Bayer process alumina industry as the sodium modifier, has cheap raw materials, low energy consumption, energy conservation, environmental protection, simple preparation process and wide application prospect, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the modification process is carried out at normal temperature without adding water.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) grinding 100g of solid waste red mud obtained from Bayer process alumina industry until the particle size is less than 75 mu m, adding no calcium bentonite, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing in a sealed bag to obtain a blank control group I.
(2) 100g of calcium bentonite powder from a company 1 is ground to have a particle size of less than 75 μm, no sodium modifier red mud is added, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly and placed in a sealed bag, and a blank control group II is obtained.
(3) Respectively grinding calcium bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15% of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the ground calcium bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group III.
(4) Respectively grinding calcium bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding the ground red mud accounting for 25 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the ground calcium bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture in a sealed bag, and obtaining an experimental group IV.
(5) Respectively grinding calcium bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 35 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the ground calcium bentonite as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group.
(6) Respectively grinding calcium bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 mu m, then adding the ground red mud accounting for 45 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the ground calcium bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing the mixture in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group (VI).
(7) And finally placing the sample ((III) (IV)) at room temperature for 30 days to obtain the modified experimental sample 1 of the sodium bentonite for the metallurgical pellets based on the red mud.
Example 2:
(1) 100g of calcium bentonite raw ore taken from a mineral company 2 is ground to have the particle size of less than 75 mu m, no sodium modifier red mud is added, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly and placed in a sealing bag, and a blank control group I is obtained.
(2) Respectively grinding the raw calcium bentonite ore and the red mud taken from Bayer process alumina industrial solid waste until the particle size is less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the calcium bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing, and placing in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group II.
(3) Respectively grinding the calcium bentonite raw ore and the red mud until the particle size is less than 75 mu m, then adding the ground red mud accounting for 35 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the calcium bentonite as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing, and placing in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group III.
(4) And finally, placing the sample II at room temperature for 30 days to obtain a modified experimental sample 2 of the sodium bentonite for the metallurgical pellets based on the red mud.
Example 3:
(1) 100g of calcium bentonite raw ore of a mineral company 3 is ground to have the particle size of less than 75 mu m, no sodium modifier red mud is added, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly and placed in a sealing bag, and a blank control group I is obtained.
(2) Respectively grinding the raw calcium bentonite ore and the red mud until the particle size is less than 75 mu m, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the ground calcium bentonite as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture and placing the mixture in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group II.
(3) Grinding raw calcium bentonite ore and red mud respectively until the particle size is smaller than 75 mu m, adding ground red mud accounting for 35 percent of the mass of the calcium bentonite into the calcium bentonite as a sodium modifier, setting the total amount to be 100g, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing in a sealed bag to obtain an experimental group III.
(4) And finally, placing the sample obtained in the third step at room temperature for 30 days to obtain a modified experimental sample 3 of the sodium bentonite for the metallurgical pellets based on the red mud.
Table 1 shows the results of the performance tests of the samples of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets obtained in examples 1 to 3.
According to experimental results, compared with the conventional method, the sodium bentonite prepared by the invention has obvious modification effect, meets the quality index (GB/T20973-2020) of the sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets, has wide application prospect, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Table 1: results of testing Properties of samples of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets obtained in examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0003522179190000041

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) respectively grinding calcium-based bentonite powder and red mud to the particle size of less than 75 microns, then adding ground red mud accounting for 15-45% of the mass of the calcium-based bentonite into the ground calcium-based bentonite to serve as a sodium modifier, uniformly stirring and mixing, and placing the mixture in a sealing bag, wherein the red mud is the solid waste red mud obtained from the Bayer process alumina industry;
(2) fully mixing and uniformly dispersing the ground calcium-based bentonite obtained in the step (1) with red mud, standing at room temperature for 15-30 days, and performing sodium treatment without adding water to obtain sodium-based bentonite;
(3) measuring the sieving rate of the sodium bentonite obtained in the step (2) on a shaker by adopting a test sieve with the diameter of a hole sieve of 75 mu m; the swelling capacity was measured by calculating the volume of 1g of sodium bentonite after swelling in 25mL of 1mol/L hydrochloric acid +75mL of ultrapure water solution in a 100mL stoppered cylinder for 24 hours.
CN202210180530.3A 2022-02-26 2022-02-26 Preparation method of sodium bentonite for metallurgical pellets based on red mud Pending CN114408936A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110510622A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-11-29 营口风光新材料股份有限公司 A method of sodium bentonite is prepared using chemical byproduct sodium salt
CN115974434A (en) * 2023-02-09 2023-04-18 沈阳吉化轨道工程科技开发有限公司 Red mud-based gel material and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101157453A (en) * 2007-09-18 2008-04-09 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for reclaiming alkali in red mud from Bayer process
KR20140065511A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-30 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Method of preparing modified red mud through addition of metal oxide
US20180056344A1 (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 Wei Wei Method of utilizing construction and demolition waste
CN108163865A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-06-15 湖州知维技术服务有限公司 A kind of artificial modification's sodium-ionized bentonite preparation method
CN111362538A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 Method for continuously dealkalizing red mud
CN113620305A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-09 苏州欧亦博工业科技有限公司 Preparation process of sodium modified bentonite

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101157453A (en) * 2007-09-18 2008-04-09 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for reclaiming alkali in red mud from Bayer process
KR20140065511A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-30 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Method of preparing modified red mud through addition of metal oxide
US20180056344A1 (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 Wei Wei Method of utilizing construction and demolition waste
CN108163865A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-06-15 湖州知维技术服务有限公司 A kind of artificial modification's sodium-ionized bentonite preparation method
CN111362538A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 Method for continuously dealkalizing red mud
CN113620305A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-09 苏州欧亦博工业科技有限公司 Preparation process of sodium modified bentonite

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110510622A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-11-29 营口风光新材料股份有限公司 A method of sodium bentonite is prepared using chemical byproduct sodium salt
CN115974434A (en) * 2023-02-09 2023-04-18 沈阳吉化轨道工程科技开发有限公司 Red mud-based gel material and preparation method and application thereof
CN115974434B (en) * 2023-02-09 2024-06-25 沈阳吉化轨道工程科技开发有限公司 Gel material based on red mud and preparation method and application thereof

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