CN101376160B - Use method of modified bentonite by lithiation in casting dry type clay sand - Google Patents
Use method of modified bentonite by lithiation in casting dry type clay sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN101376160B CN101376160B CN2008102007226A CN200810200722A CN101376160B CN 101376160 B CN101376160 B CN 101376160B CN 2008102007226 A CN2008102007226 A CN 2008102007226A CN 200810200722 A CN200810200722 A CN 200810200722A CN 101376160 B CN101376160 B CN 101376160B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application method of lithiation modified bentonite clay in moulding dry clay sand and comprises the following steps: original sand is composed of 50-90 percent (wt) of old sand with the grain size of 15Q (H), and 50-90 percent (wt) of new sand with the grain size of 15Q (H); according to the reference of 100 weight parts of the original sand, lithiation bentonite clay accounting for 2-10 percent of the weight of the original sand is added to mix with 0-8 percent of calcium bentonit clay, and 5-7 percent of water is added when the moulding sand is wet-mixed; the mixed production is conducted by using an ordinary sand roller mill, the new sand, the old sand, the lithiation bentonite clay and the calcium bentonit clay are dry-mixed for two minutes, and then the wet mixture is conducted by adding the water for ten minutes; the drying temperature is 120-160 DEG C, the drying time is 60 minutes, and finally the dry pressing intensity of the obtained moulding sand is 360-405KPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the new purposes of lithiumation modified alta-mud, more particularly relate to the using method of a kind of lithiumation modified alta-mud in casting dry type clay-bonded sand.
Background technology
Bentonitic essential mineral consists of montmorillonite, is the impurity of association in addition.The crystal structure of montmorillonite is made up of two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron wafer therebetween layer of aluminum oxygen octahedra wafer, belongs to 2:1 type layer silicate mineral.Its theoretical chemistry formula is Na
x(H
2O)
4{ Al
2[AlxSi
4-xO
10] (OH)
2, total anionic charge [O in half structure cell
10(OH)
2] be 22, the cation number that exists in the octahedron is 2, the cation number that exists in the tetrahedron is 4, as shown in Figure 1.General silicon-oxy tetrahedron and (or) exist as Fe in the alumina octahedral
2+, Fe
3+, Mg
2+, Al
3+Deng the cation isomorphous replacement, when the displacement cation is low price, make structure increase the negative electrical charge of equivalent, compensate by interlayer absorption cation.Because the geological environment difference of ore body output, the cation of interlayer absorption and tetrahedron, octahedral isomorphous replacement a great difference can be arranged, thereby the chemical composition change of montmorillonite are also bigger.Form electric dipole between cation and crystal skeleton between the montmorillonite crystal layer, add that adhesion between the montmorillonite crystal layer a little less than, can adsorb polar water molecules, according to cation type and relative humidity, interlayer can adsorb one deck or two-layer hydrone.In addition, also adsorbed certain hydrone at the montmorillonite grain surface, constitution water is present in the lattice with OH base form.This structural property of cation replacement has determined a series of critical natures of montmorillonite in the montmorillonite lattice, as cation exchange, dilatancy, adsorptivity, dispersiveness, rheological characteristic, plasticity, caking property, colloidality, thixotropy, fire resistance, lubricity etc.
Casting mainly contains sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite two classes with bentonite, and sodium bentonite is to be processed by natural sodium bentonite or artificial sodium bentonite, the good and green compression strength height with its durability and be subjected to the welcome of casting industry.Because of having good plasticity, can check the foundry goods burning into sand, scab, fall piece, phenomenon such as sand mold landslide strong, the die cavity intensity height of mouldability in addition, to be convenient to casting industry to make hygrometric state or dry state pattern, production cost is low, is the moulding sand binder of castings production first-selection.Yet the bentonite of China's exploitation nearly all belongs to calcium bentonite, according to the cation exchange property of clay, can suitably handle, and makes it to be converted into sodium bentonite, thereby improves its adhesive property and anti-sand carrying capacity.For example, with an amount of sodium salt (as sodium carbonate, be commonly called as soda) calcium-base bentonite is handled, the calcium ion of absorption is substituted by sodium ion, this ion exchange process is commonly referred to activation of bentonite and handles, and the sodium salt of adding is called activator.The chemical reaction mechanism of this process is simply schematically as follows:
Activator Na
2CO
3Ionization is Na fully in water
+And carbanion
, make Na in the solution
+Concentration increases, according to the law of mass action of chemical reaction, Na
+Just progressively with the Ca in the calcium-base bentonite
2+Replacement is come out.At this moment, Na in the solution
+Enter the diffusion layer of micelle, with the Ca of original absorption
2+Exchange mutually.Calcium-base bentonite after the activation processing is close with the performance of natural sodium bentonite, and said method is a present Foundry Production clay activation processing commonly used.
In the activation processing of clay, the bentonitic performance of lithiumation demonstrates more performance than sodium-ionized bentonite, the calcium-base bentonite that exchangeable ion is high is handled, and the calcium ion of absorption is substituted by lithium ion, and the chemical reaction process of this process is simply expressed as follows:
Modifier Li
2CO
3Ionization is Li fully in water
+And carbanion
Make Li in the solution
+Concentration increases. according to the law of mass action .Li of chemical reaction
+Just progressively the Ca in the calcium-base bentonite
2+Replacement is come out.Li in the solution
+Advance the diffusion layer even the adsorption layer of people's micelle. with the Ca of original absorption
2+Exchange mutually by calcium-base bentonite and become lithium base modified alta-mud.At present, lithium bentonite is applied in is not seen in report in the molding sand as yet.But along with the development of foundry engieering, people are more and more higher to the requirement of casting quality, therefore attempt being undoubtedly a kind of new thinking with the quality that lithium bentonite replaces or part replaces used sodium base or calcium-base bentonite to improve molding sand.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that calcium-base bentonite is replaced with the lithiumation bentonite through the lithiumation modification, and the lithiumation bentonite is applied to the set-up procedure of the dry type clay-bonded sand of Foundry Production, thereby makes dry type clay-bonded sand obtain comprehensive performance.
Technical solution of the present invention: the using method of a kind of lithiumation modified alta-mud in casting dry type clay-bonded sand, the steps include: by granularity 15Q (H) (zero-), the old sand of 50～90% (wt) and granularity 15Q (H) (zero-), 50～10% (wt) fresh sand is formed roughing sand, roughing sand weight in 100 parts, add the lithiumation bentonite that accounts for roughing sand weight 2～10%, 0～8% calcium bentonite mixes, and the moisture of adding 5～7% when the molding sand wet mixing, with the common simpson mill system of mixing, earlier with fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite and calcium bentonite are done and were mixed 2 minutes, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes, the molding sand dry-pressing intensity that obtains at last is 360～405KPa.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: learn that through XRD analysis the lattice framework of the lithium bentonite after the modification becomes 3.250nm (lithiumation bentonite) along distance between the c axle characteristic peak d (006) by 3.3525nm (former bentonite).This mainly is because Li
+Radius (0.068nm) compares Ca
2+(0.098nm) is little for radius, Li
+Exchange Ca
2+And after entering crystal layer, the cause that lattice spacing is reduced.The lithiumation bentonite can add a spot of water and just can reach required requirement of strength like this.Infrared spectrum analysis is learnt in addition, lithiumation bentonite 3620cm
-1Near and 915cm
-1Near hydroxyl vibrational band all can reduce gradually, simultaneously at 3400cm
-1Near hydrone shuttle belt is also reducing, and the moisture in this explanation bentonite is constantly taking off mistake.As long as lithium bentonite after the modification is then will be in conjunction with two molecular waters with regard to producing the original bentonite of original intensity in conjunction with a part water like this.So under the situation of identical amount of water, the intensity of lithium bentonite is greater than original bentonite after the modification, during equality strength, in the molding sand to contain moisture few, oven dry just easily, helps the use of dry clay sand mold.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the crystal structure figure of montmorillonite;
Fig. 2 is the influence curve figures of two kinds of bentonite additions to the molding sand dry strength.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail: the using method of a kind of lithiumation modified alta-mud in casting dry type clay-bonded sand, the steps include: by granularity 15Q (H) (zero-), the old sand of 50～90% (wt) and granularity 15Q (H) (zero-), 50～10% (wt) fresh sand is formed roughing sand, roughing sand weight in 100 parts, add the lithiumation bentonite that accounts for roughing sand weight 2～10%, 0～8% calcium bentonite mixes, and the moisture of adding 5～7% when the molding sand wet mixing, with the common simpson mill system of mixing, earlier with fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite and calcium bentonite are done and were mixed 2 minutes, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes, the molding sand dry-pressing intensity that obtains at last is 360～405KPa.
Embodiment 1
Old sand (is handled through old sand, as fragmentation, degaussing, screening, dedusting, cooling etc., granularity 15Q (H) (zero-) 70% (wt), fresh sand (granularity 15Q (H)-zero) 30% (wt), according to the convention of casting industry, outside the desanding, the percentage by weight of all the other components refers to the percentage by weight of component with respect to 100 parts of sand, lithiumation bentonite 8% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight), moisture 5～7% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight) (adding during the molding sand wet mixing).With the common simpson mill system of mixing, fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite are done mixed 2 minutes earlier, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes.The dry-pressing intensity of molding sand is 376KPa.
Embodiment 2
Old sand (is handled through old sand, as fragmentation, degaussing, screening, dedusting, cooling etc., granularity 15Q (H) (zero-)) 95% (wt), fresh sand (granularity 15Q (H)-zero) 5% (wt), lithiumation bentonite 9% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight), moisture 5～7% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight) (adding during the molding sand wet mixing).With the common simpson mill system of mixing, fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite are done mixed 2 minutes earlier, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes.The green compression strength of molding sand is 408KPa.
Embodiment 3
Old sand (is handled through old sand, as fragmentation, degaussing, screening, dedusting, cooling etc., granularity 15Q (H) (zero-) 50% (wt), fresh sand (granularity 15Q (H),-zero) 50% (wt), lithiumation bentonite 10% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight), moisture 5～7 (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight) (adding during the molding sand wet mixing) %.With the common simpson mill system of mixing, do and mixed 2 minutes, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes.The green compression strength of molding sand is 420KPa.
Old sand (is handled through old sand, as fragmentation, degaussing, screening, dedusting, cooling etc.) granularity 15Q (H) (zero-) 50～90% (wt), fresh sand (granularity 15Q (H)-zero) 50～10% (wt), lithiumation bentonite 2～5% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight), calcium bentonite 8～4% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight), moisture 5～7% (wt) (in 100 parts of sand weight) (adding during the molding sand wet mixing).With the common simpson mill system of mixing, fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite and calcium bentonite are done mixed 2 minutes earlier, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes.The dry-pressing intensity of molding sand is 360～405KPa.
Adopt the bentonitic physical index and the processing performance of 4 pairs of activated lithiumation bentonites of embodiment and former not activation processing to test comparison, result of the test sees Table 1 and Fig. 2, and the former performance is better than the latter.
Table 1 is the bentonite after the 4% lithium carbonate lithiumation and the comparison of former bentonite key property
Fig. 2 is the influence figures of two kinds of bentonite additions to the molding sand dry strength, learns through XRD analysis, and the lattice framework of the lithium bentonite after the modification is along c axle characteristic peak d
(006)Between apart from becoming 3.250nm (lithiumation bentonite) by 3.3525nm (former bentonite).This mainly is because Li
+Radius (0.068nm) compares Ca
2+(0.098nm) is little for radius, Li
+Exchange Ca
2+And after entering crystal layer, the cause that lattice spacing is reduced.The lithiumation bentonite can add a spot of water and just can reach required requirement of strength like this.Infrared spectrum analysis is learnt in addition, lithiumation bentonite 3620cm
-1Near and 915cm
-1Near hydroxyl vibrational band all can reduce gradually, simultaneously at 3400cm
-1Near hydrone shuttle belt is also reducing.Moisture in this explanation bentonite is constantly taking off mistake.As long as lithium bentonite after the modification is then will be in conjunction with two molecular waters with regard to producing the original bentonite of original intensity in conjunction with a part water like this.So under the situation of identical amount of water, the intensity of lithium bentonite is greater than original bentonite after the modification.During equality strength, in the molding sand to contain moisture few, oven dry just easily, helps the use of dry clay sand mold.
Above said content only is the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the lithiumation modified alta-mud using method in casting dry type clay-bonded sand, the steps include: by granularity 15Q or 15H, grain shape is zero-, the old sand of 50～90% (wt) and granularity 15Q or 15H, grain shape is zero-, 50～10% (wt) fresh sand is formed roughing sand, roughing sand weight in 100 parts, add the lithiumation bentonite that accounts for roughing sand weight 2～10%, 0～8% calcium bentonite mixes, and the moisture of adding 5～7% when the molding sand wet mixing, with the common simpson mill system of mixing, earlier with fresh sand, old sand, lithiumation bentonite and calcium bentonite are done and were mixed 2 minutes, added the water wet mixing then 10 minutes, 120～160 ℃ of bake out temperatures, drying time 60 minutes, the molding sand dry-pressing intensity that obtains at last is 360～405KPa.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101376160B true CN101376160B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
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| CN105903890A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-31 | 合肥市田源精铸有限公司 | Easily-collapsing green sand |
| CN105945208B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-02 | 四川安岳宇良汽车水泵有限公司 | Semi-closed type water pump impeller sand conditioning technique |
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