CN114407452A - UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) enhanced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) enhanced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114407452A
CN114407452A CN202210131131.8A CN202210131131A CN114407452A CN 114407452 A CN114407452 A CN 114407452A CN 202210131131 A CN202210131131 A CN 202210131131A CN 114407452 A CN114407452 A CN 114407452A
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uhpc
aluminum plate
composite structure
density
foamed aluminum
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CN114407452B (en
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刘雄飞
蔡华崇
和西民
王楠
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Hebei University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B32B2266/045—Metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) reinforced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of structure protection. The composite structure consists of three layers of panel structures in the middle, an upper panel and a lower panel, wherein the three layers of panel structures consist of foam aluminum plates with uniform density, foam aluminum plates with functional gradient and a middle panel UHPC, the three layers of panel structures are used as sandwich layers, and the UHPC is poured on the upper surface and the lower surface in sequence to form a multi-layer anti-explosion composite plate structure. Can make the impact load distribution that is function gradient foam aluminum plate at main part antiknock composite construction layer more evenly disperse, whole function gradient foam aluminum plate each part can both obtain make full use of, avoids appearing because of the impact load who receives comparatively concentrates and appear local destruction and the condition that the rest part has not yet used.

Description

UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) enhanced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anti-explosion protection of foamed aluminum plates, in particular to an UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) reinforced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Explosion-proof safety is always a main concern of all countries in the world, and shock waves generated by explosion can not only cause damage to public facilities such as buildings, but also pose a serious threat to personal safety through the buildings. Set up explosion-proof construction on the outside certain distance of building, can play effectual guard action to bomb blast shock wave and piece, reduce the destruction degree of building, reduce the casualty probability of the inside personnel of building. The development of protective structures with good anti-knock performance is always the goal of public place needs and pursuit in the protection field.
At present, some documents at home and abroad analyze and introduce the explosion-proof protection structure form more comprehensively, and common high-strength concrete structures, steel structures and other composite structures are generally available. The prior anti-explosion composite structure has a certain anti-explosion effect, but has the problems of low anti-explosion capability, high brittleness, poor durability, easy corrosion and high self weight. Therefore, the high explosion-proof requirement required by modern military, oil and gas exploitation and storage and other flammable and explosive places and public places such as banks and the like cannot be met.
Besides shock waves, explosive explosion can also convert the energy of the explosive into the kinetic energy of fragments, so that the fragments are scattered outwards at a high speed to cause the local damage of an explosion-proof structure. Therefore, the explosion-proof structure not only needs to prevent the whole action of the shock waves on the explosion-proof structure, but also has the capacity of resisting the impact of fragment points and dispersing local loads, and the condition that the whole structure fails due to local damage is avoided.
At present, materials with different density gradients and interface bonding firmness of different materials of the existing composite explosion-proof structure have a larger problem, and the bonding firmness can influence the explosion-proof performance of the whole structure. Therefore, an anti-explosion composite structure with excellent anti-explosion performance, firm bonding and strong integrity needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve a series of problems of poor integrity, insufficient bonding fastness of different materials, poor anti-knock performance and the like of an anti-knock composite structure in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a UHPC (Ultra-high performance Concrete) reinforced foamed aluminum anti-knock composite structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a UHPC reinforcing gradient foamed aluminum antiknock composite structure which characterized in that: the anti-explosion composite structure is a five-layer panel structure formed by directly pouring UHPC on the upper surface and the lower surface of a sandwich layer formed by three layers of panels, wherein the sandwich layer formed by the three layers of panels is formed by respectively injecting UHPC between a foam aluminum plate with uniform density and a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient. The five-layer panel structure comprises an upper panel, a uniform density foamed aluminum plate, a middle panel, a functional gradient foamed aluminum plate and a lower panel from top to bottom in sequence, wherein a sandwich layer formed by three layers of panels is formed by the uniform density foamed aluminum plate, the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate and a middle panel UHPC between the uniform density foamed aluminum plate and the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate, and the upper panel, the lower panel and the middle panel are formed by pouring UHPC.
The foamed aluminum plate with uniform density is not layered and has the density of 0.60-0.7g/cm3The density of the functionally gradient foamed aluminum plate is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the density variation range is 0.20-0.7g/cm3The pore diameter range is 2-8mm, the thickness of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density is larger than that of a single UHPC pouring layer, and the thickness of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density is smaller than that of the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient; the thickness of each gradient layer in the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is the same as that of a single UHPC pouring layer.
The compressive strength of the UHPC is 120-180 MPa, the tensile strength is not lower than 20MPa, and the ultimate tensile strain is 2.4 multiplied by 10-3～2.8×10-3(ii) a The bonding strength of the UHPC-foamed aluminum interface is 20-25 MPa.
Preferably, the formulation of said UHPC consists of, by weight: cement: silica fume: slag powder: quartz sand: water reducing agent: water 1: 0.3: 0.15: 1.2: 0.015: 0.29, the volume mixing amount of the steel fiber is 2 percent, and the density of the steel fiber is 2500-2800 g/cm3The steel fibers are formed by mixing steel fibers with different sizes; the bending strength is 30-60 MPa, and the fracture toughness is 3.0-4.0 MPa.m1/2And a fracture toughness of 27 to 28MPa · m1/2And a breaking energy of 20000 to 22000 J.m-2The fluidity of the freshly mixed UHPC is 170-230 mm, and the setting time is 20-40 min. The compressive strength can reach 55.65MPa after 3d of steam curing, the tensile strength can reach 6.69MPa, the compressive strength can reach 98.57MPa after 7d, the tensile strength can reach 11.85MPa, the compressive strength can reach 168.8MPa after 28d, and the tensile strength can reach 20.3 MPa.
The steel fibers are formed by mixing steel fibers with lengths of 3mm and 6mm according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
The foamed aluminum plate with uniform density is not layered and has the density of 0.60-0.7g/cm3The porosity is 85-95%, the average pore diameter is 1-5mm, and the absorbed energy can reach 5-30J/cm3The yield strength is 3.0-3.21 MPa; the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is a novel light porous material with the density changing continuously along the height direction, the gradient foamed aluminum with the pore diameter changing continuously is designed, the deformation area can be controlled, a specific stress level is kept, the cell size changes along the height direction in a gradient manner, the cell size is the size of the cell inside the foamed aluminum, the cell size is similar to the size of a cell, tests prove that the cell size of the foamed aluminum has a better absorption and energy consumption effect when the cell size changes in a gradient manner, the pore diameter range is 2-8mm, and the density range is 0.20g/cm3-0.70g/cm3The yield stress is 3.3-3.5 MPa, the specific energy absorption SEA is 10J/g, and the material is a better light impact-resistant material.
The thickness of the anti-explosion composite structure is not more than 150mm and not less than 80mm, the thickness of each UHPC pouring layer is not more than 10mm, the thickness of the uniform density foamed aluminum plate is not more than 20mm and is more than that of the UHPC pouring layer, the thickness of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is not more than 60mm and is more than that of the uniform density foamed aluminum plate, the density of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is reduced along the incident wave direction in sequence, and the density is 0.08g/cm3The gradient of the arithmetic progression is changed according to the thickness of every other UHPC pouring layer from top to bottomThe degree is changed once, and the density of each gradient in the functional gradient foam aluminum plate ranges from 0.28 to 0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3Respectively taking values.
Preferably, the antiknock composite structure is composed of a UHPC (ultra high Performance concrete) with the thickness of 10mm, a uniform density foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 20mm, a UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, a functionally graded foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm and a UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the density of the functionally graded foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm is changed every 10mm, and the density ranges from bottom to top in sequence from 0.28 g/cm to 0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3。
The antiknock composite structure can resist shock waves caused by at least an explosion distance of less than 0.4m and TNT equivalent of more than 1.2kg, and can resist shock waves caused by at least TNT equivalent of more than 0.8kg of contact explosion. In the embodiment, for the plastic deformation values of the front panel center and the rear panel center of 0.8m of explosion distance and 1kg of TNT equivalent, the plastic deformation values are respectively 13.75mm and 6.73mm, no perforation is formed on the back panel, and the bulge is small, which shows that the whole structure completely absorbs the shock wave energy and has better shock resistance.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the UHPC reinforced gradient foamed aluminum antiknock composite structure, which comprises the following steps: preparing UHPC slurry and simultaneously obtaining density of more than 0.6g/cm3The foam aluminum plate with uniform density and the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient of density gradient change, the upper surface and the lower surface of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density and the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient are both distributed with open pores, the inner part is closed-cell foam aluminum, and the porosity of the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient is increased along the incidence direction of shock waves;
firstly, an inter-plate gap with uniform thickness is reserved between a foam aluminum plate with uniform density and a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient, then UHPC is injected by means of a template to form a three-layer sandwich layer, and an upper panel UHPC and a lower panel UHPC are respectively poured on the top surface and the bottom surface of the sandwich layer by means of the template in sequence to form an anti-explosion composite structure with strong integrity and high strength.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention creatively does not adopt any adhesive, the connection between the panels is formed by directly pouring UHPC on the surface of the foamed aluminum, the contact area of the foamed aluminum and the UHPC is increased by utilizing the pores on the surface of the foamed aluminum and the fluidity of the UHPC material, and the UHPC enters the pores on the surface of the foamed aluminum, so that the foamed aluminum part and the UHPC material are firmly bonded, the integrity of the anti-explosion composite structure is improved, and the construction process is simple.
2. Compared with the gradient antiknock composite panel structure disclosed at present, the energy absorption main body adopted by the invention is foamed aluminum with the porosity changing continuously along the height direction, and the foamed aluminum is not layered along the height direction (the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is an integral body which is not layered and only the porosity changes along the height direction), the integrity is strong, the compression performance and the energy absorption characteristic of the functional gradient foamed aluminum can be fully exerted under the action of high-speed impact load, and the interface debonding phenomenon caused by infirm bonding can be avoided.
3. Compared with the gradient foamed aluminum composite structure disclosed at present, the UHPC panel is arranged between the uniform foamed aluminum plate and the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate, so that the impact load acting on the main body anti-explosion composite structure layer, namely the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate, can be distributed more uniformly, all parts of the whole functional gradient foamed aluminum plate can be fully used, and the condition that the local damage is caused due to the concentrated impact load and the rest parts are not used is avoided.
4. Compared with the traditional structural material (concrete) panel, the steel fiber can delay the damage expansion process, and the UHPC mixed with the steel fiber (the steel fibers with different sizes are mixed for use, and the mixed steel fiber can improve the material performance, and the application is the mixture of the steel fibers with different sizes, so that the uneven distribution of the steel fibers and the PE fibers can be avoided) shows excellent dynamic impact compression performance. The UHPC material shows obvious strain rate effect under the action of high-speed impact load, and the tensile strength and the bending strength of the UHPC material are far greater than those of traditional concrete, so that the material has stronger fragment point impact resistance under the condition of no use of a binder.
5. The sandwich layer of the material is' uniform foamed aluminumA three-layer structure of UHPC + functional gradient foamed aluminum, a high-density uniform foamed aluminum layer (the density is 0.60-0.7 g/cm)3The deformation of the uniform foamed aluminum layer is smaller) can play a certain role in buffering the explosion impact, so that the energy absorption effect of the functionally graded foamed aluminum is more remarkable, and the structural deformation can be reduced by the high-density uniform foamed aluminum.
6. The anti-explosion composite structure has the functional characteristic of load redistribution, under the action of explosion shock waves, the shock waves are converted into small-area distributed loads by virtue of the characteristics of ultrahigh strength, excellent toughness and good dynamic performance of a first layer of UHPC, the second layer of uniform-density foamed aluminum plays a role in buffering and load transmission, the shock waves reach a third layer of UHPC, the small-area distributed loads are redistributed into more uniform distributed loads through the load of the UHPC plate and act on a fourth layer of functional gradient foamed aluminum, the functional gradient foamed aluminum further absorbs and dissipates most of the explosion shock waves by virtue of ultrahigh toughness and excellent compression performance, if the situation of penetration occurs, the residual kinetic energy of the functional gradient foamed aluminum is completely absorbed by the fifth layer of UHPC plate, and then the gradient anti-explosion composite structure with high anti-explosion performance and high toughness is formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a UHPC-reinforced foamed aluminum antiknock composite structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The invention relates to an UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) reinforced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure which is a five-layer panel structure formed by directly pouring UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a sandwich layer formed by three layers of panels, wherein the sandwich layer formed by the three layers of panels is formed by injecting UHPC3 between a foamed aluminum plate 1 with uniform density and a functional gradient foamed aluminum plate 2.
UHPC: the UHPC is prepared from cement: silica fume: slag powder: quartz sand: water reducing agent: water 1: 0.3: 0.15: 1.2: 0.015: 0.29, the volume mixing amount of the steel fiber is 2 percent, and the density is 2500-2800 g/cm3. A compressive strength of120 to 180MPa, a bending strength of 30 to 60MPa, and an ultimate tensile strain of about 2.4X 10-3～2.8×10-3And a fracture initiation fracture toughness of 3.0 to 4.0MPa · m1/2And a fracture toughness of 27 to 28MPa · m1/2And a breaking energy of 20000 to 22000 J.m-2The bonding strength of the UHPC-foamed aluminum interface is 20-25 MPa, the fluidity of the freshly mixed UHPC is 170-230 mm, and the setting time is 20-40 min. The compressive strength can reach 55.65MPa after 3d of steam curing, the tensile strength can reach 6.69MPa, the compressive strength can reach 98.57MPa after 7d, the tensile strength can reach 11.85MPa, the compressive strength can reach 168.8MPa after 28d, and the tensile strength can reach 20.3 MPa.
Foamed aluminum: the first layer of uniform density foamed aluminum plate along the incident direction is not layered and has the density of 0.60-0.7g/cm3The porosity is 85-95%, the average pore diameter is 1-5mm, and the absorbed energy can reach 5-30J/cm3The yield strength is 3.0-3.21 MPa; the second layer of functional gradient foamed aluminum plate along the incident direction is a novel light porous material with the density changing along the height direction. The deformation area can be controlled and a specific stress level can be maintained by designing the gradient foamed aluminum with continuously changed pore diameter, the cell size is changed in a gradient way along the height direction, the pore diameter range is 2-8mm, and the density range is 0.20g/cm3-0.70g/cm3The yield stress is 3.3-3.5 MPa, the specific energy absorption SEA is 10J/g, and the material is a better light impact-resistant material.
The thickness of a sandwich layer formed by three layers of panels is less than or equal to 100mm, the structural thickness of upper, middle and lower UHPC panels is less than or equal to 10mm, the thickness of a foam aluminum sandwich layer with uniform density is less than or equal to 20mm, and the thickness of a functional gradient foam aluminum plate is less than or equal to 50mm, wherein the density of the functional gradient foam aluminum plate is sequentially reduced along the direction of incident waves and is changed once every 10mm from top to bottom, and the density ranges from bottom to top are respectively 0.28-0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3。
The invention is composed of three UHPC panels, a foam aluminum plate with uniform density and a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient, as shown in figure 1, the upper surface is that the impact wave is incident and put down, the porosity of the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient along the incidence direction of the impact wave is increased, firstly, an inter-plate gap with uniform thickness is reserved between the foam aluminum plate with uniform density and the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient, then, the UHPC is injected by means of a template to form a three-layer sandwich layer, and the upper panel and the lower panel are respectively poured on the top surface and the bottom surface of the sandwich layer by means of the template in sequence, thus forming a protective panel structure with strong integrity and high strength.
The anti-knock composite structure of the invention is subjected to related performance tests:
the experiment is divided into 3 groups, the components of the UHPC material in the 3 groups are the same, and the density of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density is 0.7g/cm3The cell size of the functionally gradient foamed aluminum plate is changed in a gradient manner along the height direction, wherein the density of the functionally gradient foamed aluminum plate is sequentially reduced along the incident wave direction and is changed once every 10mm from top to bottom, and the range is 0.28-0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3The foam is a closed cell foam, and the cell size is the size of the cells inside the foam, similar to the size of the cells.
The structure in group 1 is that upper and lower UHPC panel and middle function gradient foam aluminum plate constitute, and UHPC panel about the upper and lower formation of middle function gradient foam aluminum plate through the mode of pouring, and upper and lower UHPC panel thickness is 10 mm.
The sandwich layer of the structure in the group 2 is 'uniform foamed aluminum + UHPC + functional gradient foamed aluminum', an inter-plate gap with uniform thickness is reserved between the uniform density foamed aluminum plate and the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate at first, then the UHPC is injected by means of a template to form a three-layer sandwich layer, and the upper and lower face plates are respectively poured on the top surface and the bottom surface of the sandwich layer by means of the template in sequence, so that the anti-explosion composite structure with strong integrity and high strength is formed. The antiknock composite structure is composed of UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, a uniform density foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 20mm, UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, a functional gradient foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm and UHPC with the thickness of 10 mm.
The sandwich layer of the structure in the group 3 is 'first layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum + UHPC + second layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum', the first layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum plate replaces the foamed aluminum plate with uniform density in the group 2, and thenWhen the first layer of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is replaced, the thickness of the first layer of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is the same as that of the foamed aluminum plate with uniform density, and the density of the first layer of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is also 0.2-0.7g/cm3A gradient change within the range; the second layer of functionally graded foamed aluminium sheet is the same as the functionally graded foamed aluminium sheet in group 2.
In the test, the change of the plastic deformation values of the front and rear panels of different sandwich layer structures under the same detonation distance (0.8m) and TNT equivalent (1kg) is shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from table 1, when the structure is set 1, the plastic deformation values of the front and rear panels are both large, when the structural sandwich layer is "first layer functionally gradient foamed aluminum + UHPC + second layer functionally gradient foamed aluminum" in set 3, the plastic deformation values of the front and rear panels are reduced, and when the structural sandwich layer is "uniform density foamed aluminum + UHPC + functionally gradient foamed aluminum" in set 2, the plastic deformation values of the front and rear panels are minimum. The analysis reason is as follows: when the sandwich core layer of the structure is only composed of functionally graded foamed aluminum, under the action of high-speed impact, the overall anti-explosion composite structure can only make the foamed aluminum fully exert the compression energy-absorbing characteristic by virtue of the high tensile properties of the upper panel and the lower panel, but from the test result, only part of the functionally graded foamed aluminum as the sandwich structure exerts the energy-absorbing characteristic and the damage area is larger. When the sandwich layer is composed of a first layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum, UHPC and a second layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum in the group 3, due to the existence of the middle UHPC, impact load is uniformly distributed again when passing through the UHPC of the sandwich layer, so that the energy absorption effect of the lower layer of functionally gradient foamed aluminum is improved. When the sandwich layer is 'uniform density foamed aluminum + UHPC + functional gradient foamed aluminum' in the group 2, the uniform density foamed aluminum plays a role in energy absorption and buffering, and because the uniform density foamed aluminum has higher rigidity for high density foamed aluminum, the deformation of the structure is reduced, impact load is buffered to the UHPC panel of the middle layer, so that the load is uniformly distributed and transmitted to the functional gradient foamed aluminum layer, and the energy absorption effect of the functional gradient foamed aluminum is improved. From the test results, the group 1, group 3 back panels were slightly perforated with a bulge indicating that the overall structure absorbed most of the shock wave energy. The back panel of group 2 was not perforated and had a smaller bulge, indicating that the overall structure completely absorbed shock wave energy and better shock resistance.
TABLE 1
Components Front panel (mm) Back panel (mm)
Group 1 16.78 12.57
Group 2 13.75 6.73
Group 3 14.96 10.74
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a UHPC reinforcing gradient foamed aluminum antiknock composite structure which characterized in that: the anti-explosion composite structure is a five-layer panel structure formed by directly pouring UHPC on the upper surface and the lower surface of a sandwich layer formed by three layers of panels, wherein the sandwich layer formed by the three layers of panels is formed by injecting UHPC between a foam aluminum plate with uniform density and a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient, the five layers of panel structures are an upper panel, a foam aluminum plate with uniform density, a middle panel, a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient and a lower panel from top to bottom in sequence, and the upper panel, the lower panel and the middle panel are UHPC pouring layers formed by pouring UHPC.
2. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the foamed aluminum plate with uniform density is not layered and has the density of 0.60-0.7g/cm3The density of the functionally gradient foamed aluminum plate is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the density variation range is 0.20-0.7g/cm3The pore diameter range is 2-8mm, the thickness of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density is larger than that of a single UHPC pouring layer, and the thickness of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density is smaller than that of the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient; the thickness of each gradient layer in the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is the same as that of a single UHPC pouring layer.
3. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the compressive strength of the UHPC is 120-180 MPa, the tensile strength is not lower than 20MPa, and the ultimate tensile strain is 2.4 multiplied by 10-3～2.8×10-3(ii) a Preferably, the formulation of said UHPC comprises by weight: cement: silica fume: slag powder: quartz sand: water reducing agent: water 1: 0.3: 0.15: 1.2: 0.015: 0.29, the volume mixing amount of the steel fibers is 2 percent, and the steel fibers are formed by mixing steel fibers with different sizes.
4. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the steel fibers are formed by mixing steel fibers with lengths of 3mm and 6mm according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
5. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the anti-explosion composite structure is not more than 150mm and not less than 80mm, the thickness of each UHPC pouring layer is not more than 10mm, the thickness of the uniform density foamed aluminum plate is not more than 20mm and is more than that of the UHPC pouring layer, the thickness of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is not more than 60mm and is more than that of the uniform density foamed aluminum plate, the density of the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is sequentially reduced along the incident wave direction and is changed once every other UHPC pouring layer thickness from top to bottom, and the density range of each gradient in the functional gradient foamed aluminum plate is 0.28-0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3Respectively taking values.
6. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the anti-explosion composite structure has the characteristic of load redistribution function, under the action of explosion shock waves, the shock waves are converted into small-area distributed loads by means of the characteristics of ultrahigh strength, excellent toughness and good dynamic performance of a first layer of upper panel UHPC, a second layer of uniform-density foam aluminum plate plays a role in buffering and load transfer, the shock waves reach a third layer of middle panel UHPC, the small-area distributed loads are redistributed into more uniform distributed loads through the load of the middle panel UHPC and act on a fourth layer of functional gradient foam aluminum plate, and the functional gradient foam aluminum plate further absorbs and dissipates most of the explosion shock waves by virtue of the ultrahigh toughness and excellent compression performance; if a fourth layer breakthrough occurs, the residual kinetic energy is completely absorbed by the fifth lower panel UHPC.
7. The blast-resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the anti-explosion composite structure is composed of a UHPC (ultra high Performance concrete) with the thickness of 10mm, a uniform density foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 20mm, a UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, a functionally graded foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm and a UHPC with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the density of the functionally graded foamed aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm is changed every 10mm, and the density ranges from bottom to top in turn from 0.28 g/cm to 0.36g/cm3、0.36-0.44g/cm3、0.44-0.52g/cm3、0.52-0.60g/cm3、0.60-0.68g/cm3。
8. The blast-resistant composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the antiknock composite structure can resist shock waves caused by an explosion distance smaller than 0.4m and TNT equivalent larger than 1.2kg, and can resist shock waves caused by contact explosion TNT equivalent larger than 0.8 kg.
9. A preparation method of a UHPC reinforced gradient foamed aluminum anti-knock composite structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing UHPC slurry whileObtaining a density of more than 0.6g/cm3The foam aluminum plate with uniform density and the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient of density gradient change, the upper surface and the lower surface of the foam aluminum plate with uniform density and the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient are both distributed with open pores, the inner part is closed-cell foam aluminum, and the porosity of the foam aluminum plate with functional gradient is increased along the incidence direction of shock waves;
firstly, an inter-plate gap with uniform thickness is reserved between a foam aluminum plate with uniform density and a foam aluminum plate with functional gradient, then UHPC is injected by means of a template to form a three-layer sandwich layer, and an upper panel UHPC and a lower panel UHPC are respectively poured on the top surface and the bottom surface of the sandwich layer by means of the template in sequence to form an anti-explosion composite structure with strong integrity and high strength.
CN202210131131.8A 2022-02-13 2022-02-13 UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) enhanced gradient foamed aluminum anti-explosion composite structure and preparation method thereof Active CN114407452B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3773604A (en) * 1971-02-10 1973-11-20 Balsa Ecuador Lumber Corp Structural light-weight panel of high strength,having theral insulation properties and enclosures formed thereby
CN205649607U (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-10-19 北京积水潭医院 Adjustable brace of medical low limbs nursing
CN206319478U (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-07-11 文登蓝岛建筑工程有限公司 A kind of novel sound insulating building-block
CN207006999U (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-02-13 湖南科技大学 A kind of gradient foam of bulletproof halmet

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3773604A (en) * 1971-02-10 1973-11-20 Balsa Ecuador Lumber Corp Structural light-weight panel of high strength,having theral insulation properties and enclosures formed thereby
CN205649607U (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-10-19 北京积水潭医院 Adjustable brace of medical low limbs nursing
CN206319478U (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-07-11 文登蓝岛建筑工程有限公司 A kind of novel sound insulating building-block
CN207006999U (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-02-13 湖南科技大学 A kind of gradient foam of bulletproof halmet

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