CN114406743A - Thin plate cavity machining tooling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thin cavity plate machining, in particular to a thin plate cavity machining tool. The technical problems of obvious flutter, large deformation, long time consumption of a processing flow and low processing efficiency in the existing thin plate cavity processing process are solved. A sheet cavity machining tool comprises a sawtooth-shaped top plate and at least one group of inclined wedge type clamps; the zigzag top plate consists of a cuboid and a protruding part vertically positioned on one narrow and long side surface of the cuboid; the length of the protruding part is the same as that of the cuboid, and the top of the protruding part is of a sawtooth structure; the inclined wedge type clamp consists of a first clamping block, a second clamping block and a third clamping block; one narrow long side surface of the first clamping block and one narrow long side surface of the third clamping block are in a slope structure, and two narrow long side surfaces of the second clamping block are in slope structures. The sawtooth-shaped top plate and the inclined wedge type clamp can obviously improve the flutter problem in the thin-wall cavity processing process and simultaneously improve the thin-wall cavity processing efficiency.

Description

Thin plate cavity machining tooling

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of thin cavity plate processing, in particular to a thin plate cavity processing tool.

Background technique

At present, for thin plate cavity machining, the conventional machining methods are rough milling cavity, aging, semi-finishing cavity, and fine milling. The machining process takes a long time, and the schedule requirements cannot be guaranteed, and the machine speed can only be reduced to reduce the chattering deformation problem during fine milling.

Specifically, the length of the upper cover of a workpiece is 470-0.3-0.4, the width is 193-0.3-0.4, the thinnest part is 2.5±0.05, and the material is 5A06. The blank is provided to the customer, the size is: 480×205×20.

During the processing of the workpiece, the thickness of the blank is 20 to the final size of 2.5, the cutting amount is extremely large, the dimensional tolerance of the workpiece is strict, and the processing process is easy to deform and bulge. The traditional process of machining the cavity takes a long time, and it is difficult to meet the needs of customers; and when milling the cavity, the clamping method of the workpiece is to fix the workpiece with a pressure plate. When machining with the backing plate method, there will be tool marks, the workpiece is also easily deformed due to the clamping force during machining, the product is warped, and the tolerance is difficult to guarantee.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

At present, there are the following problems in the process of machining thin-walled cavities: 1) The chattering problem during the machining process is obvious, and the deformation is large; 2) The machining process takes a long time, the process route is complicated, and the machining efficiency is low. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a thin plate cavity processing tool.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions: a thin-plate cavity processing tool, comprising a zigzag top plate and at least one set of inclined wedge-type clamps; Partial composition; the length of the protruding part is the same as the length of the cuboid, and the top of the protruding part is in a sawtooth structure, and the thickness of the protruding part is smaller than the thickness of the narrow long side where it is located; the cuboid is provided with a plurality of screw holes penetrating the two largest long sides;

The set of wedge clamps is composed of a first clamping block, a second clamping block and a third clamping block; the three clamping blocks are rectangular parallelepipeds with the same length, width and thickness, wherein the first and third clamping blocks are One narrow and long side of the second clamping block has a slope structure, and the two narrow and long sides of the second clamping block have a slope structure; the slope structure on the above three clamping blocks is the same as the angle of the vertical surface; Both are provided with a plurality of screw holes through the two largest long sides.

When in use, the workpiece is clamped, the zigzag top plate is first fixed on the machine tool, then the workpiece is close to the sawtooth structure of the zigzag top plate, and then the first clamping block is fixed, and the side of the first clamping block without slope is attached to the workpiece. Tighten, then fix the third clamping block, and finally install the second clamping block into the corresponding position between the first and second clamping blocks; the zigzag top plate and the slanted wedge clamp respectively hold the workpiece from both sides. The serrated top plate is in contact with the workpiece through the serrated structure on it, and the two are in line contact, which can effectively disperse the clamping force. The two slopes of the second clamping block fit with the slopes of the first and third clamping blocks respectively. Due to the use of the mutually matching slope structures, the wedge-type clamp has stable clamping and high clamping force, which can ensure product tolerance requirements and effectively prevent the workpiece from warping and deforming. At the same time, due to the use of the above-mentioned combined fixture to process the parts, all processing can be completed only by the milling process of the cavity, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, and the quality of the product can also be effectively guaranteed.

In actual work, the number of wedge clamps is selected according to the size of the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece can be clamped.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The zigzag top plate and the slanted wedge-type fixture can significantly improve the chattering problem during the processing of thin-walled cavities;

2) Improve the efficiency of thin-walled cavity processing.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the front structure of a thin-walled shell.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 2 .

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the sawtooth top plate.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the front structure of the clamping block.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the structure of the first clamping block.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the structure of the second clamping block.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the structure of the third clamping block.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tooling and the thin plate housing according to the present invention.

1-Sawtooth top plate, 2-First clamping block, 3-Second clamping block, 4-Third clamping block, 5-Workpiece;

11-protruding part, 12-serration structure.

Detailed ways

In order to solve the technical problems existing in thin-walled cavity processing and eliminate the inefficiency in the processing process, the tooling of the present invention is designed by analyzing the problems in the processing process, and the following embodiments are used to reduce the flow of workpieces, the process The route is simple, the processing efficiency is improved, and the chatter problem is solved.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 4-9, a thin-plate cavity processing tool includes a zigzag top plate 1 and at least one set of slanted wedge clamps; the zigzag top plate 1 consists of a cuboid and a protrusion vertically positioned on one of the narrow and long sides of the cuboid The protruding part 11 is formed (the protruding part is close to one side of the long side); the length of the protruding part 11 is the same as that of the cuboid, and the top of the protruding part is a sawtooth structure 12, and the thickness of the protruding part 11 is smaller than the thickness of the narrow long side where it is located ; A plurality of screw holes penetrating through the two largest long sides are opened on the cuboid;

The set of wedge clamps is composed of a first clamping block 2, a second clamping block 3 and a third clamping block 4; the three clamping blocks are rectangular parallelepipeds with the same length, width and thickness, wherein the first and third One narrow and long side of the clamping block is in a slope structure, and the two narrow and long sides of the second clamping block 3 are in a slope structure (cooperating with the slopes of the first and third clamping blocks); The included angle of the inclined structure is the same as that of the vertical plane; the three clamping blocks are all provided with a plurality of screw holes penetrating the two largest long sides; the inclined wedge clamps are divided into two groups.

Example 2

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the length of the cuboid of the zigzag top plate 1 is 470mm, the thickness is 20mm, the width of the protruding part 11 is 60mm, the width of the protruding part 11 is 10mm, the thickness is 6.5mm, and the height of the sawtooth is 2mm, and the spacing between adjacent saw teeth is 4mm. The above parameters can effectively reduce the chattering problem in the machining process of the workpiece.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 6, the main body structures of the first, second and third clamping blocks are all cuboid structures with the same size; as shown in 7-9, the slope angles of the first, second and third clamping blocks are all 20 degrees, but the position of the slope is different. The slope of the first and third clamping blocks is only opened on one side, and the second clamping block is opened on two sides and the structure is symmetrical (the two slopes are in the shape of "eight") , and cooperate with the slopes of the first and third clamping blocks to clamp each other; the slope angle of 20 degrees ensures the degree of clamping. The lengths of the first, second and third clamping blocks are all 220mm, the widths are all 50mm, and the thicknesses are all 17mm. The dimensions in the above-described embodiments match the dimensions of the workpiece.

Example 4

There are two screw holes on the zigzag top plate 1, which are located at both ends of the long center line; there are two screw holes on the first, second and third clamping blocks, which are located at both ends of the long center line; the hole diameter is 17mm .

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing thin-walled cavity processing, the present invention proposes two solutions:

1. The process route only arranges one process of milling the cavity. In the milling process of the cavity, only 0.2 of the last unilateral allowance is required, and the precision milling of the cavity can complete all the machining of the cavity.

2. Design a new combination fixture to clamp the workpiece. The new combination fixture consists of a serrated top plate and an oblique wedge fixture.

The zigzag top plate and the inclined wedge clamp are designed to clamp the workpiece. The top plate and the workpiece are in line contact, which can effectively disperse the clamping force. The wedge clamp has stable clamping and high clamping force, which can meet the product tolerance requirements and effectively prevent the workpiece from warping and deforming.

The design schematic diagram of the zigzag top plate is shown in Figures 4 and 5: the zigzag top plate adopts a toothed design structure. Compared with the pressure plate, the surface contact is changed to point contact when clamping the workpiece, which can well disperse the clamping stress and cutting stress.

The wedge clamp is shown in Figure 6-9.

The inclined wedge clamp is composed of three different clamping blocks, the first clamping block 2 and the third clamping block 4 are both with a 20° slope on one side, and the second clamping block 3 has a 20° slope on both sides. If the slope is too small, it is easy to stick to the dead during use, and if the slope is too large, it cannot fully play a supporting role. The 20-degree slope adopted by the present invention can just meet the needs of the processing technology.

Combined with Figure 10, the installation sequence of the zigzag top plate and the clamping block:

1. Fix the top plate on the workbench with M16 screws;

2. Then abut the workpiece against the sawtooth structure of the top plate;

3. To fix a group of wedge clamps, first fix the first clamping block, close to the workpiece, fix the third clamping block, and finally put the second clamping block into the corresponding position, which is connected with the first clamping block and the second clamping block. The three clamping blocks are tightly attached;

4. Fix the second set of wedge clamps. The two sets of inclined wedge clamps correspond exactly to the length of the workpiece. The workpiece 5 in FIG. 10 is the structure after processing has been completed.

Using the combined fixture to process the workpiece, only the milling process can complete all the processing, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, and the quality of the product can be effectively guaranteed.

Claims (9)

1. A thin-plate cavity processing tool, characterized in that it comprises a zigzag top plate (1) and at least one set of inclined wedge clamps; the zigzag top plate (1) consists of a rectangular parallelepiped and one of the narrow and long sides of the rectangular parallelepiped vertically. The protruding part (11) is formed; the length of the protruding part (11) is the same as the length of the cuboid and the top of the protruding part is in a sawtooth structure (12), and the thickness of the protruding part (11) is smaller than the thickness of the narrow long side; There are multiple screw holes through the two largest long sides; The set of wedge clamps is composed of a first clamping block (2), a second clamping block (3) and a third clamping block (4); the three clamping blocks are rectangular parallelepipeds with the same length, width and thickness, One of the narrow and long sides of the first and third clamping blocks is in a slope structure, and the two narrow and long sides of the second clamping block (3) are in a slope structure; the slope structures on the above three clamping blocks are the same as the vertical The included angles of the faces are the same; the three clamping blocks are all provided with a plurality of screw holes penetrating the two largest long sides. 2 . The thin-plate cavity processing tool according to claim 1 , wherein, there are two sets of the wedge clamps. 3 . 3. The thin plate cavity processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, the length of the cuboid of the serrated top plate (1) is 470mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the width of the protruding part (11) is 60mm, The width of the protruding part (11) is 10mm, the thickness is 6.5mm, the height of the serrations is 2mm, and the spacing between adjacent serrations is (4)mm. 4 . The thin plate cavity machining tool according to claim 1 , wherein the slope angles of the first, second and third clamping blocks are all 20 degrees. 5 . 5 . The thin plate cavity processing tool according to claim 4 , wherein the lengths of the first, second and third clamping blocks are all 220 mm, the widths are all 50 mm, and the thicknesses are all 17 mm. 6 . 6. The thin plate cavity processing tool according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, there are two screw holes on the zigzag top plate (1), which are located at both ends of the long center line. 7. The thin plate cavity processing tool according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the number of screw holes of the first, second and third clamping blocks is two, which are located at both ends of the long center line respectively ; The aperture is 17mm. 8. The thin plate cavity processing tool according to claim 5, wherein the first, second and third clamping blocks have two screw holes, which are respectively located at both ends of the long center line; the hole diameter is 17mm . 9. The thin-plate cavity processing tool according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the processing tool adopts the following steps when clamping the workpiece: 1), use the zigzag top plate (1) with M16 The screw is fixed on the workbench; 2), then abut the workpiece against the sawtooth structure (12) of the sawtooth top plate (1); 3) To fix a set of wedge clamps, first fix the first clamping block (2), close to the workpiece (5), fix the third clamping block (4), and finally fix the second clamping block (3) Install it into the corresponding position, and stick with the first clamping block (2) and the third clamping block (4); 4) Fix the second group of inclined wedge clamps, and the two groups of inclined wedge clamps just correspond to the length of the workpiece (5).

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