CN114406730B - Numerical control rotary workbench - Google Patents

Numerical control rotary workbench Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114406730B
CN114406730B CN202210143981.XA CN202210143981A CN114406730B CN 114406730 B CN114406730 B CN 114406730B CN 202210143981 A CN202210143981 A CN 202210143981A CN 114406730 B CN114406730 B CN 114406730B
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China
Prior art keywords
base
table top
driving
numerical control
groove
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CN202210143981.XA
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CN114406730A (en
Inventor
李光荣
魏泽华
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Jiangsu Hengwang Machinery Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Hengwang Machinery Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • B23Q5/20Adjusting or stopping working-spindles in a predetermined position

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerical control rotary workbench, which comprises a table top, a base and a driving mechanism fixedly arranged on the base, wherein a circular assembly groove is formed in the top of the base, an annular guide rail is arranged on the inner side of the assembly groove, a driving toothed ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the table top, and the driving toothed ring is in matched connection with the base through a thrust roller bearing; the bottom of the center of the table top is fixedly connected with a disc shaft, and the disc shaft is in fit connection with the base through a double-row cylindrical roller bearing; an air floating groove is formed in the base in the area between the disc shaft and the driving toothed ring and used for supporting the radial middle area of the table top through air floating, and an air cavity matched with the air floating groove is formed at the bottom of the table top corresponding to the air floating groove; the driving mechanism adopts a double-lead worm pair; the numerical control rotary table further comprises a brake mechanism. The invention has the bearing capacity of more than 35 tons through a special structural design, and has extremely high operation precision, very stable operation and longer service life.

Description

Numerical control rotary workbench
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a numerical control rotary workbench.
Background
In order to cope with increasingly complex part machining, improve machining accuracy and efficiency, multi-axis machine tools (5 axes or more) and compound machine tools have become the main equipment for current precision machining. The numerical control rotary worktable not only serves as a numerical control rotary shaft of the equipment, but also plays the roles of bearing the weight of the workpiece and clamping the workpiece, and has extremely high requirements on the precision and bearing capacity. The numerical control rotary worktable has two functions, namely, feed indexing, namely, when the workpiece is not cut, the workpiece is in a 360-degree range to perform indexing rotation or arbitrary indexing positioning; secondly, the feeding motion of the workbench in the circumferential direction is realized, namely, when cutting is carried out, the workbench is linked with X, Y, Z coordinate axes to carry out the processing of complex curved surfaces, and the subdivision degree is generally 0.001 degrees.
Most of the existing numerical control rotary tables are small-sized working tables, the bearing capacity is less than 1 ton or several tons, the rotary operation can be completed accurately, and currently, super-large rotary tables with the bearing capacity of more than 30 tons are fresh. This is because the compression deformation of the workbench increases with the increase of the bearing capacity, the operation precision also decreases greatly, and it is difficult to meet the precision machining requirement. And the bearing capacity of the ultra-large rotary worktable can cause huge abrasion loss in the running process, and the service life is difficult to ensure. At present, an ultra-large rotary table with strong bearing capacity, high operation precision and long service life is urgently needed to be designed so as to meet the increasingly complex machining requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least one technical problem in the prior art, the invention provides the numerical control rotary workbench, which has the bearing capacity of more than 35 tons, extremely high operation precision, extremely stable operation and longer service life through a special structural design.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the numerical control rotary workbench comprises a workbench surface, a base and a driving mechanism fixedly mounted on the base, wherein a circular assembly groove is formed in the top of the base, an annular guide rail is arranged on the inner side of the assembly groove, a driving toothed ring is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the workbench surface, and the driving toothed ring is in matched connection with the base through a thrust roller bearing; the bottom of the center of the table top is fixedly connected with a disc shaft, and the disc shaft is in fit connection with the base through a double-row cylindrical roller bearing; an air floating groove is formed in the base in the area between the disc shaft and the driving toothed ring and used for supporting the radial middle area of the table top through air floating, and an air cavity matched with the air floating groove is formed at the bottom of the table top corresponding to the air floating groove; the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with a double-lead worm pair, the driving mechanism further comprises a transmission gear set, an input end gear of the transmission gear set is meshed with a turbine of the double-lead worm pair, and an output end gear of the transmission gear set is meshed with a driving toothed ring; the numerical control rotary table further comprises a brake mechanism.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Furthermore, polytetrafluoroethylene plastic-sticking rings are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the air floatation tank.
Further, a center hole for positioning is formed in the table top, and a detachable center hole sealing cover is arranged on the center hole.
Preferably, a plurality of T-shaped grooves for positioning and fixing are uniformly formed in the top surface of the table board along the radial direction.
Preferably, the numerical control rotary table further comprises an encoder, and the encoder is arranged in the central hole and fixedly arranged on the base.
Further, the brake mechanism is a hydraulic disc brake mechanism.
Preferably, the brake mechanism comprises an annular disc brake cylinder, an annular disc brake piston arranged at the top of the disc brake cylinder and a disc brake sheet fixedly arranged at the top of the disc brake piston; the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base and is positioned in the area between the disc shaft and the driving toothed ring; the brake mechanism further comprises an integrated oil circuit block for oil supply, and the integrated oil circuit block is arranged on the base.
Further, an auxiliary table top is fixedly arranged at the top of the table top.
Preferably, a plurality of T-shaped grooves for positioning and fixing are uniformly formed in the top surface of the auxiliary table surface along the radial direction.
Further, the driving mechanism is provided with a pair, symmetrically arranged.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the inner side of the invention is supported by a double-row cylindrical roller bearing (340 multiplied by 520 multiplied by 133mm, and the basic rated dynamic load is 163 t), which can effectively reduce the radial clearance and bear larger radial load; the outside of the invention is supported by a thrust roller bearing, and the thrust cylindrical roller bearing (2030 multiplied by 2210 multiplied by 132mm, basic rated dynamic load 425 t) has good axial bearing capacity and axial precision; the middle part of the invention adopts the structural design of the air floatation support, has excellent auxiliary bearing capacity, can bear more than 40 tons of workpieces at a limit, can ensure that the deformation of the table top is extremely small in the running process, has extremely high running stability, and effectively ensures the machining precision; the invention adopts the double-lead worm pair as the driving component, has stable transmission, high indexing accuracy and excellent wear resistance, and can effectively ensure the service life and the operation accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the base portion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the base portion of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a finite element simulation analysis of an embodiment of the present invention simulating a 40 ton pressure;
In the figure:
1. The device comprises a table top, 2, a base, 21, an annular guide rail, 22, an air floatation groove, 3, a driving mechanism, 31, a driving motor, 32, a double-lead worm pair, 33, a transmission gear set, 4, a driving toothed ring, 41, a thrust roller bearing, 5, a secondary table surface, 51, a T-shaped groove, 52, a central hole sealing cover, 53, a central hole, 6, a disc shaft, 61, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, 7, a disc brake sheet, 8, a disc brake piston, 9, a disc brake cylinder, 10, a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic-adhered ring, 11, an integrated oil circuit block, 12 and an encoder.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, a numerical control rotary table according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a table top 1, a base 2, and a driving mechanism 3 fixedly mounted on the base 2. This part is the main part of the invention, and can adopt similar structural design as the existing rotary worktable.
In this embodiment, circular assembly groove has been seted up at base 2 top, and the assembly inslot side is equipped with annular guide rail 21, mesa 1 bottom fixed mounting has drive ring gear 4, drive ring gear 4 passes through thrust roller bearing 41 and is connected with base 2 cooperation. The driving toothed ring 4 is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the table top 1.
The upper surface of the annular guide rail 21 is preferably paved with a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic-coated ring 10. After the polytetrafluoroethylene plastic-coated ring 10 is adopted, the sliding bearing can be used for rotation, a certain no-load moment can be added in the rotation process, a damping effect is generated, and the shaking problem caused by alternating force is restrained.
The center bottom of the table top 1 is fixedly connected with a disc shaft 6, and the disc shaft 6 is matched and connected with the base 2 through a double-row cylindrical roller bearing 61.
An air floatation groove 22 is formed in the base 2 and located in the area between the disc shaft 6 and the driving toothed ring 4, the air floatation groove is used for supporting the radial middle area of the table top 1 through air floatation, and an air cavity matched with the air floatation groove 22 is formed in the bottom of the table top 1.
The inventor carries out long-term study on the structure and the stress of the existing rotary table, and the structural design of the existing rotary table has a great problem, so that the bearing capacity is limited. In order to ensure that the friction force is small during working, the table top 1 and the base 2 are connected by adopting bearings and are not contacted with each other, so that friction is avoided. The existing rotary table is generally provided with bearings at the center part and the outer edge part of the table surface so as to bear radial pressure and end surface pressure, and the part between the two groups of bearings adopts a hollow design with a very small gap so as to ensure that the table surface 1 and the base 2 are not contacted with each other. The structural design is stable, and can completely meet the high-precision bearing requirement for workpieces with smaller mass. However, for a workpiece with a large mass, irregular shape and large size, it is difficult to meet the high-precision bearing requirement. The center of gravity of such a workpiece is not at the center of the table 1, but the mass is large and the pressure against the table 1 is also large. In the operation process, the table top 1 is ensured not to deform by the shearing resistance of the bearing and the strength of the table top 1. However, after the study of the inventor, the load of the workpiece is found that the stress of the table top 1 is mainly concentrated on the part between the two groups of bearings, and under the condition of heavy pressure, the table top 1 is extremely easy to bend and deform, so that the precision is reduced. And bear the weight of this kind of work piece, the shearing force that the bearing bore is also great, very easily produces wearing and tearing, leads to life to drop.
Based on the above findings, the inventors devised the present invention, which can effectively reduce the radial gap and can withstand a large radial load by adopting the tapered hole double-row cylindrical roller bearing 61 in the radial direction; the axial direction adopts a large-sized end face thrust bearing, namely the thrust roller bearing 41, and can bear larger axial load. The middle part adopts an air floatation auxiliary support. By means of the structural design, the structure can ensure that the support bearing is not additionally arranged, the stability and the manufacturing cost of operation are avoided, the middle of the table top 1 can be effectively supported, and bending deformation caused by heavy pressure is effectively avoided. The combination of the structural design perfectly ensures the bearing performance of the table top 1 on the large-quality workpiece. And after the middle air floatation support is additionally arranged, the bearings on two sides can be effectively protected, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 3 includes a driving motor 31, an output shaft of the driving motor 31 is connected with a double-lead worm pair 32, and the driving mechanism 3 further includes a transmission gear set 33. The input gear of the transmission gear set 33 is meshed with the worm wheel of the double-lead worm pair 32, and the output gear of the transmission gear set 33 is meshed with the driving toothed ring 4.
The dual lead worm pair 32 drive employed in the present invention is also based on the need for high load bearing. When carrying a large-mass workpiece, the stress of the transmission part is geometrically multiplied. In addition to the wear of the bearings, the forced wear of the transmission parts is also a critical factor affecting the service life. The invention adopts the double-lead worm pair 32 for transmission, effectively overcomes the stress abrasion in the transmission process, and can effectively prolong the service life. And the double-lead worm pair 32 is driven, so that the driving is extremely stable, the indexing accuracy is high, and the operation accuracy can be effectively ensured. In addition, the dual lead worm pair 32 drive is also effective in suppressing the problem of run-out jitter.
In this embodiment, the numerical control rotary table further includes a braking mechanism. The device is used for braking in time in the running process, and the machining precision is ensured.
In the above embodiments, the present invention is also preferably modified. In a modification, polytetrafluoroethylene plastic rings 10 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the air floatation tank 22.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the sliding bearing can play a role of a sliding bearing for rotation, a damping effect is generated, an effective seal can be formed on the air floatation part, air leakage is avoided, and the supporting effect of air floatation is further ensured.
In the above embodiments, the present invention is also preferably modified. In a modification, the table top 1 is provided with a central hole 53 for positioning, and the central hole 53 is provided with a detachable central hole cover 52.
In the above preferred embodiment, it is further preferred that the digitally controlled rotary table further includes an encoder 12, and the encoder 12 is disposed in the central hole 53 and fixedly mounted on the base 2.
The center hole 53 is formed, so that the workpiece can be conveniently installed and positioned, meanwhile, an assembly space is reserved for the installation of the encoder 12, the operation graduation can be accurately measured, and the operation precision of the numerical control rotary table is ensured.
In the above preferred embodiment, it is further preferred that the top surface of the table top 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of T-shaped slots 51 for positioning and fixing in the radial direction.
The width of the T-shaped slot 51 in this preferred embodiment may be designed to fit a T-shaped nut or T-shaped bolt for M24. The fixture is convenient to clamp and fix. The locating interface is arranged in the middle of the turntable, so that the locating and quick replacement of the tool on the high-precision rotary platform are facilitated, and the locating precision is improved.
In the above embodiments, the present invention is also preferably modified. In a modification, the driving mechanism 3 is provided with a pair, symmetrically arranged.
After the double driving is adopted, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation can be distributed to the two driving mechanisms 3, so that the service life of the driving part can be further prolonged.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention is also a second embodiment, which is basically similar to the first embodiment in structure, except that a sub-table 5 is added.
In this embodiment, the top of the table top 1 is fixedly provided with a secondary table top 5.
The secondary table 5 is designed mainly for carrying large-sized workpieces. For large-size workpieces, the smaller table top 1 is difficult to stably fix the workpieces, the workpieces are easy to shake or shake during operation, and after the auxiliary table top 5 is adopted, the auxiliary table top 5 can be designed according to the size of the workpieces, so that the fixing requirement is met.
Instead of directly using a large size table top 1, this is entirely due to operational stability and load bearing considerations. The large-size table top 1 is adopted, the bearing capacity distribution is too complex, and the table top is difficult to ensure that the table top is not deformed during bearing. And the double table boards are used, so that the effects of distributing and buffering pressure can be achieved.
In the above embodiments, the present invention is also preferably modified. In the improvement, a plurality of T-shaped grooves 51 for positioning and fixing are uniformly formed in the radial direction on the top surface of the auxiliary table surface 5.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the present invention also has a third embodiment, which is substantially similar to the first and second embodiments in terms of the specific structure of the brake mechanism.
In this embodiment, the braking mechanism is a hydraulic disc braking mechanism.
Preferably, the brake mechanism comprises an annular disc brake cylinder 9, an annular disc brake piston 8 arranged at the top of the disc brake cylinder 9, and a disc brake sheet 7 fixedly arranged at the top of the disc brake piston 8. The brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base 2 and is positioned in the area between the disc shaft 6 and the driving toothed ring 4. The brake mechanism further comprises an integrated oil circuit block 11 for oil supply, and the integrated oil circuit block 11 is arranged on the base 2.
The annular disc brake is adopted in the embodiment, and hydraulic control is adopted, so that the reaction is sensitive, the braking distance is extremely short, the operation is stable, and the failure rate is low. By adopting the annular structural design, the reaction sensitivity and the braking effect can be further improved, and the service life of the braking mechanism can be effectively prolonged.
Experimental example
The rotary table designed in the first embodiment of the invention is subjected to stress analysis to detect whether the design of the invention can meet the bearing requirement.
A force of 400000N (40 t) was applied to the table top in the range of 2293mm to 3800mm in diameter, and the table strength was subjected to finite element simulation analysis, the analysis results of which are shown in FIG. 7.
As is clear from the analysis results shown in fig. 7, the maximum deformation of the table top 1 of the turntable according to the present invention occurs at the outermost edge of the table top 1, the maximum deformation is 0.027mm, the deformation is extremely small, and the influence on the use of the turntable and the turntable is negligible due to elastic deformation.
The results of the experimental examples show that the invention can meet the high-precision bearing requirement of 40 tons and has extremely excellent performance.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The numerical control rotary workbench comprises a workbench surface (1), a base (2) and a driving mechanism (3) fixedly installed on the base (2), and is characterized in that a circular assembly groove is formed in the top of the base (2), an annular guide rail (21) is arranged on the inner side of the assembly groove, a driving toothed ring (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the workbench surface (1), and the driving toothed ring is connected with the base (2) in a matched manner through a thrust roller bearing (41); a disc shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the center of the table top (1), and the disc shaft (6) is connected with the base (2) in a matched manner through a double-row cylindrical roller bearing (61); an air floatation groove (22) is formed in the base (2) and located in the area between the disc shaft (6) and the driving toothed ring (4) and is used for supporting the radial middle area of the table top (1) through air floatation, and an air cavity matched with the air floatation groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the air floatation groove (22), of the bottom of the table top (1); the driving mechanism (3) comprises a driving motor (31), an output shaft of the driving motor (31) is connected with a double-lead worm pair (32), the driving mechanism (3) further comprises a transmission gear set (33), an input end gear of the transmission gear set (33) is meshed with a worm wheel of the double-lead worm pair (32), and an output end gear of the transmission gear set (33) is meshed with a driving toothed ring (4); the numerical control rotary workbench further comprises a brake mechanism; the brake mechanism is a hydraulic disc brake mechanism; the brake mechanism comprises an annular disc brake cylinder (9), an annular disc brake piston (8) arranged at the top of the disc brake cylinder (9) and a disc brake sheet (7) fixedly arranged at the top of the disc brake piston (8); the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base (2) and is positioned in the area between the disc shaft (6) and the driving gear ring (4); the brake mechanism further comprises an integrated oil circuit block (11) for oil supply, and the integrated oil circuit block (11) is arranged on the base (2).
2. The numerically controlled rotary table as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and polytetrafluoroethylene plastic-sticking rings (10) are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the air floatation groove (22).
3. The numerically controlled rotary table as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the table top (1) is provided with a central hole (53) for positioning, and the central hole (53) is provided with a detachable central hole sealing cover (52).
4. A numerically controlled rotary table as in claim 3, further comprising: a plurality of T-shaped grooves (51) for positioning and fixing are uniformly formed in the top surface of the table top (1) along the radial direction.
5. A numerically controlled rotary table as in claim 3, further comprising: the numerical control rotary table further comprises an encoder (12), and the encoder (12) is arranged in the central hole (53) and fixedly arranged on the base (2).
6. The numerically controlled rotary table as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an auxiliary table top (5) is fixedly arranged at the top of the table top (1).
7. The numerically controlled rotary table as set forth in claim 6, wherein: a plurality of T-shaped grooves (51) for positioning and fixing are uniformly formed in the top surface of the auxiliary table surface (5) along the radial direction.
8. The numerically controlled rotary table as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (3) is provided with a pair of symmetrically arranged driving mechanisms.
CN202210143981.XA 2022-02-17 2022-02-17 Numerical control rotary workbench Active CN114406730B (en)

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CN115008253B (en) * 2022-08-05 2022-12-30 烟台环球数控科技有限公司 Numerical control revolving stage precision retentivity detection device

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