CN114406301B - Knife rest - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tool rest, and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. The tool rest solves the technical problems that how to ensure the working stability and make the tool rest convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain and the like. This knife rest, including base and cutter arbor, install rotatable and be used for with the fixed connecting seat of cutter arbor on the base, and be provided with the locking piece that makes both lockings between connecting seat and the base, be connected with the pneumatic cylinder that can drive the locking piece along axial reciprocating motion on the locking piece, the base is provided with the mounting groove that holds connecting seat and locking piece, the cylinder body detachable fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder is outside being located the mounting groove on the base, and the hydraulic pressure chamber of pneumatic cylinder is independent of the base setting, still be provided with the location structure who makes locking piece circumference location in the mounting groove. The knife rest can ensure the working stability and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

Description

Knife rest

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and relates to a tool rest.

Background

In a vertical lathe, a vertical column is arranged on a lathe bed, a planker component is arranged on the vertical column, a spindle clamp is arranged on the planker component, a workpiece is clamped on the spindle clamp, a tool rest is fixed on one side, located on the vertical column, of the lathe bed, and a tool is arranged on the tool rest. When a workpiece is machined, the cutter is not moved, the main shaft clamp rotates to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the carriage assembly drives the workpiece to move in the vertical, left and right directions.

With the development of automation, in order to improve the processing efficiency, a rotatable cutter head is arranged on a cutter frame, a plurality of cutters are fixed on the cutter head, and the cutters are automatically switched according to the processing requirements in the processing process. As disclosed in the chinese patent literature, a vertical tool holder [ application number: CN200820173017.7; the notice number is: CN201261072Y ], including a base with a cavity, a cutterhead arranged on the base, a cutterhead transmission mechanism, a cutterhead positioning mechanism and a hydraulic oil cylinder for lifting and locking the cutterhead. The cutter head transmission mechanism comprises a transmission gear and a connecting disc, the transmission gear and the connecting disc are sleeved at two ends of the main shaft of the cutter rest, the connecting disc is fixedly connected with the cutter head, and the transmission gear is located in the cavity of the base and driven by the motor. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a cavity formed by the cutter head, the base and the connecting disc, a piston of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the tool rest main shaft, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with an upper frame body of the base, and a hydraulic cavity is formed between the cylinder body and the upper frame body. The cutter positioning mechanism comprises two positioning fluted discs which are meshed with each other, and the two positioning fluted discs are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the cutter and the base respectively. The peripheral surface of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of cutter seats, and each cutter seat is fixed with a cutter. When the cutter is switched, the cutter head, the connecting disc and the positioning fluted disc positioned at the upper position are lifted, the two positioning fluted discs are disengaged, and then the cutter head rotates; after the cutter head rotates in place, the cutter head, the connecting disc and the positioning fluted disc positioned at the upper position are lowered, and the two positioning fluted discs are meshed again, so that the cutter head is locked, and the cutter switching is completed.

In the prior art, in order to ensure the working stability of the tool rest, a hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged in a cavity surrounded by a cutter head, a base and a connecting disc, the structure of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not an independent part, and a hydraulic cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder is formed by matching a cylinder body and the base, so that the cylinder body and the base can be disassembled in the process of disassembling and repairing the tool rest, hydraulic oil leaks, waste and pollution of the hydraulic oil are caused, and the tool rest is not favorable for disassembling and repairing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a knife rest aiming at the problems in the prior art, and solves the technical problem of ensuring the working stability and simultaneously ensuring the knife rest to be convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a knife rest, includes base and cutter arbor, install rotatable and be used for with the fixed connecting seat of cutter arbor on the base, and be provided with the locking piece that makes both lockings between connecting seat and the base, be connected with the pneumatic cylinder that can drive locking piece along axial reciprocating motion on the locking piece, a serial communication port, the base is provided with the mounting groove that holds connecting seat and locking piece, outside the cylinder body detachable fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder was on the base and was located the mounting groove, and the hydraulic pressure chamber of pneumatic cylinder was independent of the base setting, still be provided with the location structure who makes locking piece circumference location in the mounting groove.

The locking piece is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate, so that locking and unlocking between the connecting seat and the base can be realized. Connecting seat and locking piece are installed in the mounting groove, and location structure sets up in the mounting groove, and connecting seat, locking piece and location structure homoenergetic have received the protection of base, reduce external environment to their influence, are favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work. Simultaneously the cylinder body detachable fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder is on the base and outside being located the mounting groove, and the hydraulic pressure chamber of pneumatic cylinder is independent of the base setting, then can be at the whole taking out of in-process of dismouting maintenance knife rest pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic oil can not take place to leak, and also can not receive the connecting seat at the in-process pneumatic cylinder of taking out and installing the pneumatic cylinder, locking piece and mounting groove structure's interference, take out and install pneumatic cylinder convenient operation to make the knife rest dismouting maintain convenient. And location structure carries out circumference location to the locking piece and can avoid the locking piece to take place circumferential direction at reciprocating motion's in-process, and the circumference position of avoiding the locking piece can be influenced greatly and change because the pneumatic cylinder receives external environment in the mounting groove outside to guarantee to lock accurately between connecting seat and the base and remove the locking, be favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work. Therefore, the knife rest ensures the working stability and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

In addition, the hydraulic cylinder structure is installed in a closed cavity and surrounded to ensure the working stability of the tool rest, the hydraulic cylinder is installed outside the closed cavity and is easily interfered by external environment, and the hydraulic cylinder is not favorable for the working stability, so that the technical bias is broken by installing the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder in the installation groove in the technical scheme.

In the tool rest, the positioning structure comprises a guide pin which is axially fixed and a guide hole which is opened on the locking piece, the guide pin is inserted into the guide hole and can slide, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is axially inserted into the mounting groove and is fixedly connected with the locking piece.

The cooperation of guiding hole and uide pin has realized the circumference location and the axial displacement direction to locking piece, makes locking piece job stabilization accurate, is favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work. Meanwhile, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the locking piece are fixedly connected in the mounting groove, so that a fixing structure between the piston rod and the locking piece is protected from being influenced by external environment, the piston rod and the locking piece are fixed stably, and the stability of the operation of the tool rest is guaranteed. And the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is inserted along the axial direction, so that the interference in the installation and disassembly processes can be reduced, the hydraulic cylinder is convenient to install and disassemble, and the tool rest is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

In foretell knife rest, set up the through-hole of intercommunication mounting groove bottom surface on the base, the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder wears to establish in the through-hole and forms sliding fit, the terminal surface that is close to the mounting groove on the cylinder body pastes and leans on the base, convex installation bulge loop has on the terminal surface that is close to the mounting groove on the cylinder body, the installation bulge loop inserts in the through-hole and the outside facial features of installation bulge loop pastes and leans on the hole wall of through-hole.

The outer side face of the sliding fit position of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod with the through hole is attached to the wall face of the through hole, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is guided and positioned through the through hole, and the cylinder body is positioned and installed through the through hole by utilizing the installation convex ring, so that the hydraulic cylinder is accurately installed and positioned on the base integrally, and the stability of work is guaranteed. Meanwhile, in the process of dismounting and maintaining the tool rest, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is directly pulled out during dismounting, and the mounting convex ring can be inserted into the through hole after the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is inserted into the through hole during mounting, so that the tool rest is convenient to dismount and maintain.

In the above knife rest, one end of the cylinder body close to the mounting groove is provided with a top through hole, one end of the cylinder body far away from the mounting groove is provided with a bottom through hole, one end of the hydraulic cylinder piston close to the mounting groove is provided with a convex top positioning part, one end of the hydraulic cylinder piston far away from the mounting groove is provided with a convex bottom positioning part, the top positioning part is arranged in the top through hole in a penetrating manner and forms a sliding fit, and the bottom positioning part is arranged in the bottom through hole in a penetrating manner and forms a sliding fit. The piston and the cylinder body form sliding fit at two ends, namely two-end guiding and positioning are formed, and the working stability of the tool rest is favorably ensured.

In the tool rest, a fixing groove is formed in the surface, opposite to the mounting groove, of the base, a partition wall is arranged between the fixing groove and the mounting groove on the base, the through hole is formed in the partition wall, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected into the fixing groove.

When the base was installed on vertical lathe, the mounting groove up, the fixed slot is down, lathe processing can produce the smear metal and use the coolant liquid, and the cell wall of fixed slot can suitably be protected the pneumatic cylinder, reduces smear metal and coolant liquid and causes the influence to the pneumatic cylinder, is favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work.

In the tool rest, the tool bar is coaxially fixed at the center of the connecting seat, and a plurality of tool mounting parts are arranged on one end of the tool bar, which is far away from the connecting seat, along the circumferential direction.

Required cutters are respectively installed on the cutter installation parts, the installed cutters are correspondingly used for multiple processes such as rough turning and finish turning, the cutter bar is coaxially fixed at the center of the connecting seat, meanwhile, a plurality of cutter installation parts are arranged on one end of the cutter bar along the circumferential direction, the cutters are continuously switched in the circumferential direction along with the rotation of the cutter bar, and therefore the deep hole can be machined in multiple processes once when a workpiece is clamped. And the cutter arbor only installs one on the connecting seat, can not take place to interfere between cutter arbor and the work piece in the course of working, make the multichannel deep hole machining process who goes on after the work piece clamping once go on smoothly, simultaneously also can make the eccentricity greatly reduced of cutter, the eccentricity of cutter is the radius of cutter arbor on this knife rest promptly, compare on current frame, install the cutter arbor on the blade disc lateral surface, the eccentricity of cutter is the total of blade disc radius and cutter arbor diameter, this knife rest then greatly reduced the eccentricity of cutter, thereby can effectively reduce the processing moment that the cutter arbor received, reduce the cutter arbor and take place the possibility of bending and vibration in the course of working, improve the stability of work and the machining precision of work piece. Therefore, when the tool rest is used for deep hole machining, not only can a workpiece be clamped once to complete multi-process machining, but also the working stability and the machining precision of the workpiece can be improved.

In the tool rest, a bearing is connected between the outer side face of the connecting seat and the side wall face of the mounting groove, a flange is arranged at one end, close to the connecting seat, of the tool bar, the flange is fixedly connected with the connecting seat, an end cover covering the mounting groove is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting seat, an outer sealing ring is arranged between the end cover and the base, the inner edge of the end cover is fixed between the flange and the inner ring of the bearing, and an inner sealing ring is arranged between the inner side face of the end cover and the outer side face of the connecting seat.

The connecting seat uses the bearing to rotate as the setpoint, through the bearing location, not only makes the connecting seat rotational stabilization, makes the location accurate between base and the connecting seat moreover to be favorable to improving the machining precision of the stability of work and work piece. The cutter bar is stably fixed on the connecting seat through the flange and is uniformly stressed. The end cover has the guard action to the spare part in the mounting groove after covering the mounting groove, and the setting of external seal circle and interior sealing washer can avoid the coolant liquid to enter into the mounting groove from the gap simultaneously, further guarantees knife rest job stabilization, guarantees the machining precision. And because the inner edge of the end cover is fixed between the flange and the bearing inner ring, namely the end cover and the bearing inner ring are fixed through the flange, the bearing and the end cover are convenient to install, and the tool rest can be conveniently dismounted, mounted and maintained.

In the tool rest, one surface of the tool bar, which faces the connecting seat, is attached to one surface of the connecting seat, which faces the tool bar, a positioning protrusion is arranged at the center of one surface of the connecting seat, which faces the connecting seat, a positioning groove is formed in the center of one surface of the tool bar, the positioning protrusion is embedded into the positioning groove, and the outer side surface of the positioning protrusion is attached to the side wall surface of the positioning groove.

Through leaning on towards the cutter arbor one side on the cutter arbor on the connecting seat one side and the connecting seat, make the cutter arbor realize accurate axial positioning on the connecting seat, through leaning on of positioning groove lateral wall face and the protruding lateral surface of location, make the cutter arbor realize accurate radial positioning on the connecting seat to it is accurate to make the cutter arbor fix a position on the connecting seat, just also can make the cutter fix a position accurately on the lathe, is favorable to improving the stability of work and the machining precision of work piece.

In foretell knife rest, the one end fixedly connected with rotation fluted disc of orientation mounting groove bottom surface on the connecting seat, seted up on the terminal surface of orientation mounting groove bottom surface on the connecting seat and avoided the groove, the locking piece is the disc and is arranged in avoiding the groove, be fixed with fixed fluted disc on the bottom surface of mounting groove, fixed fluted disc is located the centre bore of rotation fluted disc, have convex fixed end tooth that inserts in avoiding the groove on the fixed fluted disc, the locking piece has the locking end tooth that staggers the setting with fixed end tooth on the terminal surface of fixed fluted disc, have convex rotation end tooth that inserts in avoiding the groove on the rotation fluted disc, rotation end tooth can align with fixed end tooth, removes the back when the locking piece to the direction that is close to fixed fluted disc the locking end tooth can be simultaneously with fixed end tooth and rotation end tooth meshing, removes the back when the locking piece to the direction of keeping away from fixed fluted disc the locking end tooth can be simultaneously removed the meshing with fixed end tooth and rotation end tooth.

In the prior art, the cutter head, the connecting disc and the positioning fluted disc positioned at the upper position need to lift up and down to realize locking and unlocking, and the cutter head moves up and down to easily cause the deviation of the cutter head at the upper and lower positions, so that the coordinate of a cutter in the upper and lower directions is changed, and the processing precision of a workpiece is influenced. On the tool rest, the locking piece moves towards the direction close to the fixed gear disc to enable the locking end teeth to be simultaneously meshed with the fixed end teeth and the rotating end teeth, namely, the rotating gear disc is fixed with the fixed gear disc through the locking piece, so that the connecting seat is locked on the base; the locking piece moves towards the direction far away from the fixed gear disc to enable the locking end teeth to be simultaneously disengaged from the fixed end teeth and the rotating end teeth, namely, the rotating gear disc is not fixed with the fixed gear disc any more, and the connecting seat is unlocked. Only the locking piece moves on the tool rest, the connecting seat cannot move up and down, the axial position of the connecting seat cannot be changed, and the tool rest is favorable for guaranteeing the working stability and the machining precision of workpieces.

In the tool rest, the outer edge of the bottom surface of the connecting seat is provided with a protruding annular positioning ring, the rotating fluted disc is provided with a positioning boss, the positioning boss is embedded into the central hole of the positioning ring, and the inner side surface of the positioning ring is attached to the outer side surface of the positioning boss.

The setting up of holding ring and location boss makes between connecting seat and the rotation fluted disc radial positioning accurate, and the axiality between fluted disc, connecting seat and the cutter arbor can be guaranteed to the protruding setting in cooperation positioning groove and location, is favorable to guaranteeing the machining precision of the stability of work and work piece.

In foretell knife rest, wear to be equipped with the honeycomb duct along the axial in the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, honeycomb duct and the coaxial setting of cutter arbor, set up the coolant liquid passageway in the cutter arbor, insert the lower port of coolant liquid passageway after passing the connecting seat on the top of honeycomb duct in, the last port of coolant liquid passageway has the several and with cutter installation department one-to-one. The guide pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid channel to convey cooling liquid to the cutter, so that the machining precision is guaranteed.

In the tool rest, a driving motor is further fixed in the fixed groove, a driving gear is fixed on a rotating shaft of the driving motor, the driving gear is meshed with the outer side portion of the rotating fluted disc, and an avoiding plane is arranged on the outer side surface of the hydraulic cylinder body and faces towards the driving motor. The driving motor rotates to drive the rotating fluted disc to rotate through the driving gear, so that the connecting seat rotates. The avoidance plane has identification and avoidance functions, and the hydraulic cylinder is convenient to mount.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the cylinder body detachable fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder is outside being located the mounting groove on the base, and the hydraulic pressure chamber of pneumatic cylinder is independent of the base setting, and erection joint seat and locking piece just are provided with the location structure who makes locking piece circumferential location in the mounting groove, make this knife rest easy maintenance of dismouting when guaranteeing job stabilization nature. The piston rod and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder are positioned through the through hole, so that the tool rest is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain while the working stability is ensured. The piston and the two ends of the cylinder body are guided and positioned, and the work is stable. The cutter arbor is coaxial to be fixed in the center department of connecting seat, and the cutter arbor sets up several cutter installation department along circumference for this cutter saddle can enough make the clamping of work piece accomplish multiple operation processing in being used for BTA, can improve the machining precision of work piece again. The arrangement of the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove enables the cutter bar to be positioned accurately, and the flange enables the cutter bar to be fixed stably on the connecting seat and stressed uniformly. And a bearing is arranged between the connecting seat and the side wall surface of the mounting groove, so that the connecting seat can rotate stably and smoothly. The end cover protects parts in the mounting groove, so that the tool rest works stably and accurately. The arrangement of the liquid guide pipe and the cooling liquid channel enables the cooling liquid to be conveyed to the cutter for cooling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present tool holder in position when mounted on a vertical lathe;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present tool holder;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the present tool holder;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a disassembled perspective view of part of the tool rest.

In the figure, 1, a base; 1a, mounting grooves; 1b, a through hole; 1c, fixing grooves; 1d, a partition wall; 2. a connecting seat; 2a, a positioning bulge; 2b, avoiding grooves; 2c, a positioning ring; 3. a locking member; 3a, locking end teeth; 4. a hydraulic cylinder; 4a, a cylinder body; 4a1, installing a convex ring; 4a2, top perforation; 4a3, bottom perforation; 4a4, an avoidance plane; 4b, a hydraulic cavity; 4c, a piston rod; 4d, a piston; 4d1, a top positioning part; 4d2, a bottom positioning part; 5. a positioning structure; 5a, a guide hole; 5b, a guide pin; 6. a cutter bar; 6a, a cutter mounting part; 6b, flange; 6c, positioning a groove; 6d, cooling liquid channels; 7. a bearing; 8. an end cap; 9. an outer sealing ring; 10. an inner seal ring; 11. rotating the fluted disc; 11a, rotating the end teeth; 11b, positioning a boss; 12. fixing a gear disc; 12a, fixed end teeth; 13. a flow guide pipe; 14. a drive motor; 15. a driving gear; 16. a lathe bed.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the vertical lathe includes a lathe bed 16, the lathe bed 16 has a column, a carriage assembly is mounted on the column, and the carriage assembly is connected to a spindle clamp. A tool rest is fixed on one side of the bed 16, which is positioned on the column, and a chip removal hole is formed in the bed 16, which is positioned below the tool rest. One side of the tool rest is fixedly connected with the upright column, the other side of the tool rest is fixedly provided with a scrap guide plate, a support is fixed on the scrap guide plate, and the support is fixed on the lathe bed 16.

As shown in fig. 2-6, a tool holder comprises a base 1, a rotatable connecting base 2 is mounted on the base 1, a locking member 3 for locking the connecting base 2 and the base 1 is arranged between the connecting base and the base, and a hydraulic cylinder 4 capable of driving the locking member 3 to reciprocate axially is connected to the locking member 3. The base 1 is provided with a mounting groove 1a for accommodating the connecting socket 2 and the locking member 3, and a positioning structure 5 for circumferentially positioning the locking member 3 is further provided in the mounting groove 1a. The cylinder body 4a of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is detachably and fixedly connected to the base 1 and is positioned outside the mounting groove 1a, and the hydraulic cavity 4b of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is arranged independently of the base 1. The center of the connecting seat 2 is fixedly connected with a cutter bar 6 which is coaxially arranged. A plurality of tool mounting portions 6a are provided on the top end of the tool bar 6 along the circumferential direction.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the bottom end of the knife bar 6 has a flange 6b, and the flange 6b is fixedly connected with the connecting base 2. Evenly be provided with the several bolt hole along circumference on the flange 6b, fixing bolt passes behind the bolt hole and connecting seat 2 threaded connection. A convex positioning bulge 2a is arranged at the center of the top surface of the connecting seat 2, and a positioning groove 6c is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the cutter bar 6. The positioning protrusion 2a is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the positioning groove 6c is in a cylindrical shape. The bottom surface of the cutter bar 6 is attached to the top surface of the connecting seat 2, the positioning protrusion 2a is embedded into the positioning groove 6c, and the outer side surface of the positioning protrusion 2a is attached to the side wall surface of the positioning groove 6c.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, mounting groove 1a is provided on the top surface of base 1, coupling holder 2 is inserted into mounting groove 1a, and bearing 7 is coupled between the outer side surface of coupling holder 2 and the side wall surface of mounting groove 1a. The opening edge of the mounting groove 1a extends upwards to form a convex edge, and a baffle is fixed on the convex edge. The side wall surface of the mounting groove 1a is provided with a retaining shoulder, and a backing plate is fixed on the retaining shoulder. The outer ring of the bearing 7 is axially fixed between the baffle plate and the backing plate, and the outer side surface of the outer ring of the bearing 7 is abutted against the side wall surface of the mounting groove 1a. The arrangement of the baffle plate and the backing plate enables the outer ring of the bearing 7 to be fixed stably. Convex upper bulge loop has on the lower terminal surface of baffle, has convex lower bulge loop on the up end of backing plate, and the upper end and the lower extreme of bearing 7 outer lane support respectively to lean on at upper bulge loop under and on the bulge loop, guarantee that bearing 7 outer lane is fixed stable. The backing plate is provided with two through holes which are symmetrically arranged. The perforation has the functions of processing, positioning and communicating the upper space and the lower space, so that the disassembly, the assembly and the maintenance are convenient.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, an end cover 8 covering the mounting groove 1a is sleeved outside the connecting seat 2, and the end cover 8 is located above the bearing 7. An outer sealing ring 9 is arranged between the end cover 8 and the top surface of the base 1. The convex edge is provided with a positioning notch, and the outer sealing ring 9 is fixed in the positioning notch. The inner side surface of the outer sealing ring 9 is attached to the side wall surface of the positioning recess and the outer side surface of the baffle, and the lower end surface of the outer sealing ring 9 is attached to the bottom surface of the positioning recess. The outer sealing ring 9 has a sealing lip which rests upwards against the end cap 8. A gap is formed between the upper surface of the baffle and the end cover 8, and the sealing effect of the outer sealing ring 9 and the end cover 8 is guaranteed. The outer edge of the end cover 8 is provided with an outer baffle ring protruding towards the base 1, the outer side of the positioning notch on the protruding edge is also provided with an installation notch, and the outer baffle ring is embedded into the installation notch. The arrangement of the outer baffle ring and the installation notch can further protect parts in the installation groove 1a and prevent impurities from entering the installation groove 1a.

The inner edge of the end cap 8 is fixed between the flange 6b and the inner race of the bearing 7. The outer side surface of the connecting seat 2 is provided with a convex positioning retaining shoulder, the inner edge of the end cover 8 is provided with a positioning convex ring which protrudes towards the bearing 7, and the inner ring of the bearing 7 is fixed between the positioning retaining shoulder and the positioning convex ring, namely, the upper end and the lower end of the inner ring of the bearing 7 are respectively propped against the positioning retaining shoulder and the positioning convex ring. An inner sealing ring 10 is arranged between the inner side surface of the end cover 8 and the outer side surface of the connecting seat 2. A sealing groove is formed in the connecting seat 2, the inner sealing ring 10 is fixed in the sealing groove, and the outer side portion of the inner sealing ring 10 abuts against the inner side face of the end cover 8. The upper end face of the end cover 8 is obliquely arranged, so that cutting scraps can be conveniently discharged in a sliding manner.

As shown in fig. 2, 4, 5 and 6, in order to rotate the connecting base 2, a rotating toothed disc 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting base 2, and meshing teeth are arranged on the outer side surface of the rotating toothed disc 11. The bottom surface of the base 1 is provided with a fixed groove 1c, a driving motor 14 is fixed in the fixed groove 1c, a driving gear 15 is fixed on a rotating shaft of the driving motor 14, and the driving gear 15 is meshed with meshing teeth of the rotating fluted disc 11. Be fixed with the baffle seat between driving motor 14's casing and the base 1, the baffle seat sets up with driving motor 14's casing and base 1 seal respectively, and driving gear 15 is located the baffle seat, avoids coolant liquid and smear metal to splash to driving gear 15 and rotate and influence driven stability on the meshing tooth of fluted disc 11. When the driving motor 14 works, the driving gear 15 drives the rotating fluted disc 11 to rotate, so as to drive the connecting seat 2 to rotate by taking the bearing 7 as a positioning point. The outer edge of the bottom surface of the mounting groove 1a is provided with an avoiding groove, so that the meshing teeth are prevented from generating with the bottom surface of the mounting groove 1a, and the rotating fluted disc 11 is enabled to rotate smoothly. The outer edge of the bottom surface of the connecting seat 2 is provided with a convex annular positioning ring 2c, the rotating fluted disc 11 is provided with a positioning boss 11b, the positioning boss 11b is embedded into the positioning ring 2c, and the inner side surface of the positioning ring 2c is attached to the outer side surface of the positioning boss 11 b.

An avoiding groove 2b is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting seat 2, and the locking piece 3 is disc-shaped and is positioned in the avoiding groove 2 b. A fixed toothed disc 12 is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 1a, and the fixed toothed disc 12 is located in the center hole of the rotating toothed disc 11. The fixed gear plate 12 has a protruding fixed end tooth 12a inserted into the escape groove 2b, the locking member 3 has a locking end tooth 3a disposed on the bottom surface thereof to be offset from the fixed end tooth 12a, and the rotating gear plate 11 has a protruding rotating end tooth 11a inserted into the escape groove 2b, the rotating end tooth 11a being capable of aligning with the fixed end tooth 12 a. When the locking member 3 is moved downward, the locking end tooth 3a can be simultaneously engaged with the fixed end tooth 12a and the rotating end tooth 11 a; when the locking member 3 is moved upward, the locking end tooth 3a can be disengaged from both the fixed end tooth 12a and the rotating end tooth 11a. Offer the intercommunication on the bottom surface of connecting seat 2 and dodge the logical groove in the groove 2b and the connecting seat 2 outside, lead to the groove and have the several and along circumference evenly distributed, lead to the effect that the groove has the intercommunication air, avoid locking piece 3 to reciprocate because of taking place vacuum effect and can not be smooth. The positioning structure 5 comprises a guide pin 5b fixed axially and a guide hole 5a opened on the locking member 3, the guide pin 5b being fixed on the fixed gear disc 12, the guide pin 5b being inserted in the guide hole 5a and being able to slide. The guide pins 5b are provided in plural and arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction.

The piston rod 4c of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is inserted axially into the mounting groove 1a and is fixedly connected to the locking member 3. The base 1 is provided with a partition wall 1d between the fixing groove 1c and the mounting groove 1a, the partition wall 1d is provided with a through hole 1b communicating the mounting groove 1a with the fixing groove 1c, a cylinder body 4a of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly connected in the fixing groove 1c, and a piston rod 4c of the hydraulic cylinder 4 penetrates through the through hole 1b and forms sliding fit. The top surface of the cylinder body 4a abuts against the bottom surface of the fixing groove 1c, the top surface of the cylinder body 4a has a protruding mounting flange 4a1, the mounting flange 4a1 is inserted into the through hole 1b, and the outer side surface of the mounting flange 4a1 abuts against the hole wall surface of the through hole 1 b. The top end of the cylinder body 4a is provided with a top through hole 4a2, the bottom end of the cylinder body 4a is provided with a bottom through hole 4a3, the top end of the piston 4d of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided with a convex top positioning part 4d1, the bottom end of the piston 4d of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided with a convex bottom positioning part 4d2, the top positioning part 4d1 is arranged in the top through hole 4a2 in a penetrating mode and forms a sliding fit, and the bottom positioning part 4d2 is arranged in the bottom through hole 4a3 in a penetrating mode and forms a sliding fit.

The cylinder body 4a comprises a main body and a bottom cylinder cover which are fixed in a split mode, the main body comprises a cylindrical body part, the top end of the cylindrical body part is integrally connected with a top cover part, and the bottom cylinder cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical body part. The hydraulic chamber 4b of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is surrounded by a bottom cylinder cover, a cylindrical body portion and a top cover portion, so that the hydraulic chamber 4b of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is arranged independently of the base 1. The bottom cylinder cover is provided with a plurality of cylinder cover bolts arranged along the circumferential direction in a penetrating way, and the cylinder cover bolts are connected with the cylinder body part in a threaded way. The barrel body part is provided with a plurality of connecting holes in a penetrating way, the bottom cylinder cover is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the connecting holes one by one, and the bottom bolt penetrates through the mounting holes and the connecting holes and then is in threaded connection with the partition wall 1d, so that the hydraulic cylinder 4 is convenient to disassemble and assemble. A mounting collar 4a1 and a top through hole 4a2 are provided on the top cover portion, and a bottom through hole 4a3 is provided on the bottom cylinder head. The top surface of the bottom cylinder cover is provided with a convex cylinder cover convex ring, the cylinder cover convex ring is inserted into the cylinder body part, and the outer side surface of the cylinder cover convex ring is attached to the inner side surface of the cylinder body part. A cylinder cover sealing ring I is fixed on the outer side surface of the cylinder cover convex ring, a cylinder cover sealing ring II is fixed on the hole wall surface of the bottom through hole 4a3, and a top sealing ring is fixed on the hole wall surface of the top through hole 4a 2. A piston 4d sealing ring is fixed on the inner side surface of the middle part of the cylinder body part, and the outer side surface of the piston 4d of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is abutted against the piston 4d sealing ring to form sealing. The cylinder body 4a of the hydraulic cylinder 4 may be reversed.

The top end of the piston rod 4c of the hydraulic cylinder 4 has a shoulder against which the top positioning portion 4d1 of the piston 4d abuts, and the top cover portion is inserted between the shoulder and the top surface of the piston 4 d. And a spacing sealing ring is fixed on the wall surface of the through hole 1b, and the outer side surface of the top end of the piston rod 4c forms sealing with the spacing sealing ring. The top end face of the piston rod 4c has a projecting top ring which is inserted into the center hole of the locking member 3, and the outer side face of the top ring abuts against the hole wall face of the center hole of the locking member 3. The top surface of piston rod 4c pastes and leans on the bottom surface of locking piece 3, wears to be equipped with several top bolt on the locking piece 3, top bolt and piston rod 4c top threaded connection. The bottom end of the piston rod 4c extends out of the bottom positioning portion 4d2 of the piston 4d and is in threaded connection with a fixing nut, the fixing nut abuts against the bottom positioning portion 4d2, and the piston 4d and the piston rod 4c are fixed through a convex shoulder and the fixing nut. The piston 4d and the piston rod 4c may be integrally provided. An upper chamber is formed between the top surface of the piston 4d and the top cover portion, and a lower chamber is formed between the bottom surface of the piston 4d and the bottom cylinder cover. The cylinder body 4a is provided with a first oil way communicated with the upper chamber and a second oil way communicated with the lower chamber, the lower port of the first oil way is positioned on the bottom cylinder cover and is fixedly provided with a first joint, and the lower port of the second oil way is positioned on the bottom cylinder cover and is fixedly provided with a second joint. A detection ring is fixed on the bottom positioning part 4d2 of the piston 4d, an upper sensor and a lower sensor for sensing the detection ring are fixed on the base 1, and the upper sensor is higher than the lower sensor. When the upper sensor detects the detection ring after the piston 4d moves upward, the piston 4d stops moving, and the locking end tooth 3a of the locking member 3 is disengaged from the fixed end tooth 12a and the rotating end tooth 11a. When the lower sensor detects the detection ring after the piston 4d moves downward, the piston 4d stops moving, and the locking end teeth 3a of the locking member 3 mesh with the fixed end teeth 12a and the rotating end teeth 11a at the same time.

An escape plane 4a4 is provided on the outer side surface of the cylinder body 4a of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the escape plane 4a4 faces the drive motor 14. A guide pipe 13 penetrates through a piston rod 4c of the hydraulic cylinder 4 along the axial direction, the guide pipe 13 and the cutter bar 6 are coaxially arranged, a cooling liquid channel 6d is arranged in the cutter bar 6, the top end of the guide pipe 13 penetrates through the connecting seat 2 and then is inserted into the lower port of the cooling liquid channel 6d, and the upper port of the cooling liquid channel 6d is provided with a plurality of parts and corresponds to the cutter mounting parts 6a one to one. The cutter arbor 6 includes the body of rod and blade holder, and the bottom mounting of the body of rod is on connecting seat 2, and blade holder detachable fixed connection is on the top of the body of rod, and cutter installation department 6a sets up on the blade holder. The tool apron and the rod body are installed in a split mode, so that the tool apron can be taken out of the rod body, and the tool is convenient to replace.

The locking piece 3 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 4 to move up and down, so that the locking and unlocking between the connecting seat 2 and the base 1 can be realized. The mounting groove 1a shields the notch through the end cover 8, so that the mounting groove 1a forms a closed space. Connecting seat 2, locking piece 3, rotation fluted disc 11, fixed fluted disc 12, bearing 7 and location structure 5 are all installed in mounting groove 1a, and these spare parts and structure homoenergetic have received the protection, avoid external environment to their influence, are favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work. Simultaneously, the cylinder body 4a detachable fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder 4 is on spacing wall 1d and be located the below of mounting groove 1a, and the hydraulic pressure chamber 4b of pneumatic cylinder 4 is independent of base 1 setting, at the in-process of dismouting maintenance knife rest, unpack apart top bolt and bottom bolt after, just can take out pneumatic cylinder 4 is whole, hydraulic oil can not take place to leak, and also can not receive the interference of mounting groove 1a at the in-process pneumatic cylinder 4 that takes out and install pneumatic cylinder 4, take out and install pneumatic cylinder 4 convenient operation, thereby make the knife rest dismouting maintain convenient. And location structure 5 carries out circumference location to locking piece 3 and can avoid locking piece 3 to take place circumferential direction at reciprocating motion's in-process, and the change of the circumferential direction position of avoiding locking piece 3 leads to locking end tooth 3a and fixed end tooth 12a can not stagger the alignment to guarantee to lock accurately between connecting seat 2 and the base 1 and remove the locking, be favorable to guaranteeing the stability of knife rest work. Therefore, the knife rest ensures the working stability and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

Example two

The positioning structure 5 is different from the first embodiment, and the other structures are the same as the first embodiment. The positioning structure 5 comprises a guide pin 5b fixed axially and a guide hole 5a opened on the fixed toothed disc 12, the guide pin 5b being fixed on the locking member 3, the guide pin 5b being inserted in the guide hole 5a and being able to slide. Alternatively, the positioning structure 5 includes a guide pin 5b fixed in the axial direction and a guide hole 5a opened in the locking member 3, the guide pin 5b is fixed to the partition wall 1d, and the guide pin 5b is inserted into the guide hole 5a to be slidable.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A knife rest comprises a base (1) and a knife bar (6), wherein a rotatable connecting seat (2) used for being fixed with the knife bar (6) is installed on the base (1), a locking piece (3) used for locking the connecting seat (2) and the base (1) is arranged between the connecting seat (2) and the base, a hydraulic cylinder (4) capable of driving the locking piece (3) to reciprocate along the axial direction is connected onto the locking piece (3), the knife rest is characterized in that the base (1) is provided with a mounting groove (1 a) for accommodating the connecting seat (2) and the locking piece (3), a cylinder body (4 a) of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is detachably and fixedly connected onto the base (1) and is positioned outside the mounting groove (1 a), and the hydraulic cavity (4 b) of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is independent of the base (1) and is arranged, the mounting groove (1 a) is also internally provided with a positioning structure (5) which can circumferentially position the locking piece (3), the base (1) is provided with a through hole (1 b) communicated with the bottom surface of the mounting groove (1 a), the piston rod (4 c) of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is arranged in the through hole (1 b) in a penetrating way and forms sliding fit, the end surface of the cylinder body (4 a) close to the mounting groove (1 a) is attached to the base (1), the end surface of the cylinder body (4 a) close to the mounting groove (1 a) is provided with a convex mounting convex ring (4 a 1), the installation convex ring (4 a 1) is inserted into the through hole (1 b) and the outer side surface of the installation convex ring (4 a 1) is abutted against the wall surface of the through hole (1 b).

2. Tool head according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning structure (5) comprises an axially fixed guide pin (5 b) and a guide hole (5 a) opening on the locking piece (3), the guide pin (5 b) being inserted into the guide hole (5 a) and being slidable, the piston rod (4 c) of the hydraulic cylinder (4) being inserted axially into the mounting groove (1 a) and being fixedly connected with the locking piece (3).

3. The tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder body (4 a) is provided with a top through hole (4 a 2) at one end close to the mounting groove (1 a), the cylinder body (4 a) is provided with a bottom through hole (4 a 3) at one end far away from the mounting groove (1 a), the hydraulic cylinder (4) piston (4 d) is provided with a convex top positioning part (4 d 1) at one end close to the mounting groove (1 a), the hydraulic cylinder (4) piston (4 d) is provided with a convex bottom positioning part (4 d 2) at one end far away from the mounting groove (1 a), the top positioning part (4 d 1) is arranged in the top through hole (4 a 2) in a penetrating way and forms a sliding fit, and the bottom positioning part (4 d 2) is arranged in the bottom through hole (4 a 3) in a penetrating way and forms a sliding fit.

4. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) has a fixing groove (1 c) formed on a surface thereof opposite to the mounting groove (1 a), a partition wall (1 d) is formed between the fixing groove (1 c) and the mounting groove (1 a) on the base (1), the through hole (1 b) is formed in the partition wall (1 d), and the cylinder body (4 a) of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing groove (1 c).

5. The tool holder according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized in that the tool bar (6) is coaxially fixed in the center of the connecting base (2), and that the end of the tool bar (6) remote from the connecting base (2) is provided with several tool mounting portions (6 a) along the circumferential direction.

6. The tool holder according to claim 5, wherein a bearing (7) is connected between the outer side surface of the connecting seat (2) and the side wall surface of the mounting groove (1 a), a flange (6 b) is arranged at one end of the tool bar (6) close to the connecting seat (2), the flange (6 b) is fixedly connected with the connecting seat (2), an end cover (8) for covering the mounting groove (1 a) is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting seat (2), an outer sealing ring (9) is arranged between the end cover (8) and the base (1), the inner edge of the end cover (8) is fixed between the flange (6 b) and the inner ring of the bearing (7), and an inner sealing ring (10) is arranged between the inner side surface of the end cover (8) and the outer side surface of the connecting seat (2).

7. The tool rest according to claim 6, characterized in that one surface of the tool bar (6) facing the connecting seat (2) is attached to one surface of the connecting seat (2) facing the tool bar (6), a positioning protrusion (2 a) is disposed at the center of one surface of the connecting seat (2) facing the tool bar (6), a positioning groove (6 c) is disposed at the center of one surface of the tool bar (6) facing the connecting seat (2), the positioning protrusion (2 a) is embedded into the positioning groove (6 c), and the outer side surface of the positioning protrusion (2 a) is attached to the side wall surface of the positioning groove (6 c).

8. Tool rest according to claim 6, characterized in that one end of the connecting seat (2) facing the bottom surface of the mounting groove (1 a) is fixedly connected with a rotating fluted disc (11), an avoiding groove (2 b) is arranged on the end surface of the connecting seat (2) facing to the bottom surface of the mounting groove (1 a), the locking piece (3) is disc-shaped and is positioned in the avoiding groove (2 b), a fixed gear disc (12) is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting groove (1 a), the fixed gear disc (12) is positioned in the central hole of the rotating gear disc (11), the fixed gear disc (12) is provided with a protruding fixed end tooth (12 a) inserted into the avoidance groove (2 b), the end surface of the locking piece (3) facing the fixed gear disc (12) is provided with locking end teeth (3 a) which are staggered with the fixed end teeth (12 a), the rotating fluted disc (11) is provided with a protruding rotating end tooth (11 a) inserted into the avoiding groove (2 b), the rotating end tooth (11 a) being alignable with the fixed end tooth (12 a), the locking end teeth (3 a) can simultaneously mesh with the fixed end teeth (12 a) and the rotating end teeth (11 a) when the locking member (3) moves in a direction approaching the fixed toothed disc (12), the locking end teeth (3 a) can be disengaged from the fixed end teeth (12 a) and the rotating end teeth (11 a) simultaneously when the locking member (3) is moved in a direction away from the fixed toothed disc (12).

9. The tool rest according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer edge of the bottom surface of the connecting seat (2) is provided with a protruding annular positioning ring (2 c), the rotating fluted disc (11) is provided with a positioning boss (11 b), the positioning boss (11 b) is embedded into the central hole of the positioning ring (2 c), and the inner side surface of the positioning ring (2 c) is abutted against the outer side surface of the positioning boss (11 b).

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