CN114405962A - Method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag - Google Patents

Method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag Download PDF

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CN114405962A
CN114405962A CN202111622903.XA CN202111622903A CN114405962A CN 114405962 A CN114405962 A CN 114405962A CN 202111622903 A CN202111622903 A CN 202111622903A CN 114405962 A CN114405962 A CN 114405962A
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electrolytic manganese
manganese slag
ammonia nitrogen
ball milling
removing ammonia
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侯浩波
张珊珊
蓝际荣
董祎挈
梅涛
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Institute Of Resources And Environmental Technology Wuhan University Zhaoqing
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Institute Of Resources And Environmental Technology Wuhan University Zhaoqing
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag. The method has simple steps and lower cost, can efficiently remove ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag, ensures that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the leaching solution of the ammonia nitrogen-removing electrolytic manganese slag reaches the national first-level sewage discharge standard (GB 8978-.

Description

Method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing ammonia nitrogen from electrolytic manganese residues, in particular to a method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen from electrolytic manganese residues by combining chemical agents with high-energy ball milling, and belongs to the technical field of industrial hazardous waste treatment.
Technical Field
The manganese element is widely applied to the aspects of non-ferrous metal smelting, chemical engineering and the like, and is an indispensable important basic material in national economy. At present, manganese metal is produced mainly by electrolytic processes. Although the metal manganese makes great contribution to industrial development and economic construction, the metal manganese causes serious environmental pollution and damage, and the pollution caused by the Electrolytic Manganese Residues (EMRs) is the first to come to the forefront. The EMRs are waste residues generated after rhodochrosite is subjected to concentrated sulfuric acid pickling, ammonia water neutralization, plate filter press filter pressing and the like in the electrolytic manganese production process. The manganese slag of 7-9 tons is generated on average when one ton of manganese is produced, the grade of manganese ore is continuously reduced along with the increasing consumption of manganese ore resources, so that 10-15 tons of EMRs are discharged when 1 ton of electrolytic manganese is produced, and the difficulty of handling the EMRs and the environmental protection pressure are further increased.
The handling method of EMRs is mainly safe stacking and landfill. In the long-term stacking process, easily soluble elements and heavy metal elements in the EMRs can migrate into surrounding surface water, underground water and soil, and cause serious pollution to the local environment. Excess NH in the environment4 +N can induce the eutrophication of the water body, so that the algal plants in the water body can be crazy to breed and the water quality is deteriorated; in addition, NH in the external environment4 +N also has the potential to be converted into carcinogenic nitrite, affecting human and animal health through the action of the food chain. Therefore, the problem of ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag needs to be solved urgently.
At present, the treatment technology aiming at ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag is relatively few, and most of the technologies are suitable for manganese-containing wastewater in the electrolytic manganese production process. Chinese patent (CN103286116A) discloses a method for harmlessly treating electrolytic manganese slag, which comprises the steps of adding 3-5% of sodium phosphate into the electrolytic manganese slag, uniformly stirring, adding 5-10% of calcium oxide, and stirring.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects of the treatment method for ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method which has simple steps and lower cost and can efficiently remove the ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag, and the method well solves the technical problem of environmental pollution caused by the ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention provides a method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag.
The key point of the technical scheme is that hydration reaction of electrolytic manganese slag and quicklime and dissipation of ammonia gas are promoted by using high-energy ball milling, so that the aim of efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag is fulfilled. Under the action of high-energy ball milling, electrolytic manganese slag particles can be crushed by repeated welding, fracturing and rewelding, the specific surface area is increased, the grain size is reduced, surface defects are generated, the hydration reaction activity is greatly improved, quicklime and the electrolytic manganese slag are mixed and undergo hydration reaction with water, and a hydration product has the characteristics of larger specific surface area, small grains, more micro-channels and the like, so that the release of ammonia is facilitated, and NH in the electrolytic manganese slag4 +Is easy to be converted into free NH under alkaline condition3Free ammonia is quickly dissipated under the action of heat energy converted by high-energy ball milling mechanical energy and heat generated by hydration reaction, so that the high-efficiency removal of ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag can be realized.
As a preferable scheme, the D50 of the electrolytic manganese slag is less than 5 mm. The electrolytic manganese slag is crushed to a proper granularity for subsequent high-energy ball milling.
As a preferable scheme, the mass ratio of the electrolytic manganese slag to the quick lime is 100: 2.5-15. The quicklime plays an important role in removing ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese residues, and not only generates high-concentration alkali with water to ensure that NH in the electrolytic manganese residues4 +-N can be converted into free NH3And can generate hydration products with high porosity and high surface area with electrolytic manganese slag, which is beneficial to the escape of ammonia gas, particularly the hydration process of quicklime is releasingThe thermal reaction plays an important role in the escape of ammonia gas. If the proportion of the quicklime is too low, ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag is difficult to effectively remove, when the proportion of the quicklime is higher, hydration reaction can be more violent, but when the content of the quicklime reaches saturation, the addition amount of the quicklime is increased, and the ammonia nitrogen removal effect is little, so that the mass ratio of the electrolytic manganese slag to the quicklime is preferably 100: 5-10; more preferably 100: 7.5-10.
As a preferable scheme, the water is added in an amount to ensure that the water content of the mixture of the electrolytic manganese slag and the quick lime is 15-25%. The hydration reaction in the ball milling tank can be easier to occur by adding water, and if the water content is continuously increased while ensuring sufficient water and normal proceeding of the hydration reaction, the concentration of the reaction substances participating in the ball milling tank can be diluted, and the proceeding of the hydration reaction is inhibited.
As a preferred scheme, the conditions of the high-energy ball milling are as follows: the ball milling speed is 100-600 rpm, the time is 10-30 min, and the ball-to-material ratio is 1-5: 1. The high-energy ball milling is to crush electrolytic manganese slag particles through mechanical energy thereof in a mode of repeated welding, fracturing, re-welding and the like, increase the surface area, reduce the grain size, introduce surface defects and other physical changes, and the changes can generate unsaturated groups, free ions and electrons so as to promote chemical reaction. If the ball milling rotating speed is low or the ball milling time is too short, the effect of exciting the reaction is difficult to achieve, but if the ball milling rotating speed reaches a certain degree or the ball milling time is excessively prolonged, the influence of continuously increasing the ball milling rotating speed on ammonia nitrogen removal is very little, and even mechanical equipment is abraded and the energy consumption is increased. The ball milling speed is more preferably 300rpm to 500 rpm; more preferably 400 to 500 rpm. The preferable ball milling time is 15-25 min. The preferable ball-to-feed ratio is 1-3: 1.
The process for removing ammonia nitrogen from electrolytic manganese slag mainly comprises the following reaction steps:
CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2+Q;
NH4 ++OH-→NH3(free Ammonia) + H2O;
NH3(free Ammonia) + Q → NH3(gaseous ammonia) ×.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) the method for removing the ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag adopts the chemical agent which is only the quicklime, has wide sources and low raw material cost, and has simple process and easy implementation in the process of removing the ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag, thereby being beneficial to large-scale use.
2) The method for removing the ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag has the advantages of simple equipment, relatively low energy consumption, high feasibility and capability of bringing better social benefit.
3) The method has high efficiency of removing ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag and good ammonia nitrogen removal effect, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the leachate of the mixture obtained by high-energy wet milling can reach the national first-level sewage discharge standard (GB 8978-.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of an electrolytic manganese slag sample.
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of the invention for removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of the dried electrolytic manganese slag of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the electrolytic manganese slag after ammonia nitrogen removal by high-energy ball milling in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully explain the practice of the invention, the following examples are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, which are given for illustration of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.
In order to illustrate the condition that the method is used for removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese residues, the technical scheme and the advantages of the invention are more clearly understood, and the invention is further described in detail by combining the attached drawings and the embodiment. The removal rate is verified through experiments, the specific implementation mode is the same as the steps in the flow chart of fig. 2, and the specific implementation results are as follows.
In order to calculate the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the electrolytic manganese slag leachate is firstly measured, and then the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen can be calculated by the following formula:
the removal rate (%) of ammonia nitrogen is (concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the leaching solution of the electrolytic manganese residue-concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the leaching solution of the mixture (mg/L))/the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the leaching solution of the electrolytic manganese residue (mg/L) × 100%.
Note: the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the original electrolytic manganese slag leaching solution is 560.63 mg/L.
Example 1
After the electrolytic manganese slag is crushed and dried, mixing the electrolytic manganese slag with the quicklime according to the mass ratio of the quicklime to the electrolytic manganese slag particles (dry basis mass) of 2.5 percent, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content is 20 percent, and placing the mixture in a planetary ball milling tank for sealing. Setting the speed (100rpm, 200rpm, 300rpm, 400rpm and 500rpm) and the time (20min) of ball milling, starting the ball mill, opening a ball milling tank after the ball milling is finished, standing for a period of time until gas is released, and separating the small balls in the tank from the mixture.
Placing the separated mixture in an oven for a period of time, drying, placing in ammonia nitrogen extract (water), and extracting in a constant temperature water bath oscillator at 20 + -2 deg.C for 1 h. Transferring about 60ml of the extractive solution into a 100ml polyethylene centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at 3000r/min for 10 min. Then, about 50ml of the supernatant was transferred to a 100ml colorimetric tube, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
TABLE 1 removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag at different rotation speeds
Figure BDA0003438121550000041
Example 2
After the electrolytic manganese slag is crushed and dried, mixing the electrolytic manganese slag with the quicklime according to the mass ratio of the quicklime to the electrolytic manganese slag particles (dry basis mass) of 5%, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content is 20%, and placing the mixture in a planetary ball milling tank for sealing. Setting the speed (100rpm, 200rpm, 300rpm, 400rpm and 500rpm) and the time (20min) of ball milling, starting the ball mill, opening a ball milling tank after the ball milling is finished, standing for a period of time until gas is released, and separating the small balls in the tank from the mixture.
Placing the separated mixture in an oven for a period of time, drying, placing in ammonia nitrogen extract (water), and extracting in a constant temperature water bath oscillator at 20 + -2 deg.C for 1 h. Transferring about 60ml of the extractive solution into a 100ml polyethylene centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at 3000r/min for 10 min. Then, about 50ml of the supernatant was transferred to a 100ml colorimetric tube, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
TABLE 2 removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag at different rotation speeds
Figure BDA0003438121550000042
Figure BDA0003438121550000051
Example 3
After the electrolytic manganese slag is crushed and dried, mixing the electrolytic manganese slag with the quicklime according to the mass ratio of the quicklime to the electrolytic manganese slag particles (dry basis mass) of 7.5 percent, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content is 20 percent, and placing the mixture in a planetary ball milling tank for sealing. Setting the speed (100rpm, 200rpm, 300rpm, 400rpm and 500rpm) and the time (20min) of ball milling, starting the ball mill, opening a ball milling tank after the ball milling is finished, standing for a period of time until gas is released, and separating the small balls in the tank from the mixture.
Placing the separated mixture in an oven for a period of time, drying, placing in ammonia nitrogen extract (water), and extracting in a constant temperature water bath oscillator at 20 + -2 deg.C for 1 h. Transferring about 60ml of the extractive solution into a 100ml polyethylene centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at 3000r/min for 10 min. Then, about 50ml of the supernatant was transferred to a 100ml colorimetric tube, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. Through the attached figures 3 and 4, the microstructure of the original electrolytic manganese slag is observed to be regular strip-shaped, and the surface is smooth. After the high-energy wet milling by adding the quicklime, the particle size is obviously reduced, the surface of the micro-morphology is rough and has a lamellar structure, and even the micro-morphology is observed to be in a fine needle shape, which can show that the surface structure of the electrolytic manganese slag can be effectively changed under the action of mechanochemistry, so that the particles are finer, the specific surface area is increased, the contact between the electrolytic manganese slag and the quicklime is increased, and the efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen is promoted.
TABLE 3 removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag at different rotation speeds
Figure BDA0003438121550000052
Example 4
After the electrolytic manganese slag is crushed and dried, mixing the electrolytic manganese slag with the quicklime according to the mass ratio of the quicklime to the electrolytic manganese slag particles (dry basis mass) of 10%, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content is 20%, and placing the mixture in a planetary ball milling tank for sealing. Setting the speed (100rpm, 200rpm, 300rpm, 400rpm and 500rpm) and the time (20min) of ball milling, starting the ball mill, opening a ball milling tank after the ball milling is finished, standing for a period of time until gas is released, and separating the small balls in the tank from the mixture.
Placing the separated mixture in an oven for a period of time, drying, placing in ammonia nitrogen extract (water), and extracting in a constant temperature water bath oscillator at 20 + -2 deg.C for 1 h. Transferring about 60ml of the extractive solution into a 100ml polyethylene centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at 3000r/min for 10 min. Then, about 50ml of the supernatant was transferred to a 100ml colorimetric tube, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
TABLE 4 removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag at different rotation speeds
Figure BDA0003438121550000061

Claims (7)

1. A method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) carrying out hydration reaction on the electrolytic manganese slag, quick lime and water under the action of high-energy ball milling, and standing to release ammonia gas to obtain the electrolytic manganese slag capable of removing ammonia nitrogen.
2. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the D50 of the electrolytic manganese slag is less than 5 mm.
3. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the electrolytic manganese slag to the quick lime is 100: 2.5-15.
4. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the electrolytic manganese slag to the quick lime is 100: 5-10.
5. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water is added in an amount to ensure that the water content of the mixture of the electrolytic manganese slag and the quick lime is 15-25%.
6. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the conditions of the high-energy ball milling are as follows: the ball milling speed is 100-500 rpm, the time is 10-30 min, and the ball-to-material ratio is 1-5: 1.
7. The method for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ball milling speed is 300 rpm-500 rpm.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114939595A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-26 华南理工大学 Harmless method for removing ammonia, fixing manganese and fixing magnesium by using electrolytic manganese slag in synergy mode
CN115849739A (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-28 北京科技大学 Preparation method of green electrolytic manganese slag-based geopolymer

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114939595A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-26 华南理工大学 Harmless method for removing ammonia, fixing manganese and fixing magnesium by using electrolytic manganese slag in synergy mode
CN115849739A (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-28 北京科技大学 Preparation method of green electrolytic manganese slag-based geopolymer
CN115849739B (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-12-26 北京科技大学 Preparation method of green electrolytic manganese slag-based geopolymer

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Application publication date: 20220429