CN114405858A - Wide-size-fraction coal gangue sorting system and method - Google Patents
Wide-size-fraction coal gangue sorting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-size-fraction coal and gangue sorting system and method, and relates to the technical field of coal and gangue sorting. The device comprises a vibrating distributor, a horizontal conveying device, an image acquisition device, a coal and gangue removing device and a material receiving device; the coal gangue removing device comprises a first removing component and a second removing component; the first removing component is used for removing the gangue below the Xmm grade; the second eliminating component is used for eliminating the gangue above Xmm grade. According to the invention, the waste rocks in different size fractions are removed through the first removing component and the second removing component, so that the ultra-wide size fraction high-efficiency separation can be realized, the separation of large pieces of waste rocks is realized by consuming little gas, the lump coal rate of raw coal products is improved, the energy consumption is saved, the operation efficiency of a separation system is greatly improved, and the high-efficiency separation system has high market application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gangue sorting, and particularly relates to a wide-size-fraction coal gangue sorting system and method.
Background
With the development of X-ray detection technology, the application field is developed rapidly, and the method specifically relates to the fields of medical imaging, industrial detection, luggage safety inspection and the like. Aiming at the X-ray online detection and sorting technology of mixed materials, the technology is mature and applied by collecting X-ray transmission images of shot materials, extracting characteristic quantity, processing image algorithm and eliminating structural design, for example, the grains are sorted out from the malignant impurities such as the pebble glass, the raw coal is mixed and sorted out from the useless gangue, the ore is discarded, and the mining grade is improved.
In the existing material sorting application process realized by a photoelectric detection technology, the size difference of fed particles needs to be controlled to be smaller or within a certain range; the material is spread out in a conveying belt or sliding chute mode, photoelectric signal detection is carried out after stable movement is achieved, and the photoelectric imaging technology can be visible light image detection and can also be image signals such as infrared and X-ray; the detection signal is identified and processed by an algorithm to form a special material sorting instruction, and a rejecting structure is controlled to carry out a subsequent sorting instruction; the materials are thrown out along with gravity at the tail end of the conveying structure, and in the falling process, the high-frequency electromagnetic valve controls high-pressure gas according to a sorting instruction to blow the materials to be removed, so that the change of a parabolic track is realized; the material falls into different material and collects hopper isotructure, realizes the sorting of material.
In the process of implementing the above-mentioned photoelectric detection technology, there are several preconditions that the following points need to be noted: 1) in order to realize certain industrial application sorting efficiency, the material conveying speed is high; 2) small particle materials require a greater solenoid valve switching frequency; 3) large particle materials require greater solenoid valve gas flow. However, the switching frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic valve is reduced along with the increase of the control gas quantity; the larger the material size is, the larger the trajectory of the material needs to be changed, and the material can enter respective chutes to realize separation; the separation mode of objects injected by compressed gas is realized, and the separation efficiency is obviously reduced along with the increase of the size and the weight of materials.
At present, the characteristics of raw coal mining are: the single-production line has large handling capacity, large span of granularity range, easy crushing of lump coal, and the weight of large gangue exceeding hundreds of kilograms, and meanwhile, fine grain size screening cannot be carried out in the actual production process due to the requirement of low-cost processing of coal. The existing production process generally comprises the following steps: the large gangue is manually picked out, and the residual materials enter a washing system for gangue discharge and quality improvement after being crushed to a smaller size fraction, such as less than 100 mm. The production process has the following problems: 1) the labor intensity of workers is high; 2) the ash content of the raw coal is increased by crushing the gangue, and the coal quality is reduced; 3) a large amount of crushed coal slime is increased, and the treatment difficulty is increased;
at present, the coal gangue separation adopting the photoelectric identification technology is mature and applied to the link of pre-discharging gangue of raw coal, and is used for replacing manual separation of large gangue, reducing the labor intensity of personnel and improving the gangue discharge efficiency. However, the existing coal gangue separation technology still has the following problems: 1) objects with the size fraction of more than 300mm are too heavy to realize effective separation, and need to be subjected to crushing treatment in the previous process, so that the lump coal rate is reduced; 2) large-particle heavy materials need to consume a large amount of compressed air, and the separation cost performance is reduced by a driving mode of the electromagnetic valve; 3) in order to increase the flow of high-pressure gas and increase the separation power, a larger-size electromagnetic valve is selected, and the high-frequency separation requirement of small-size materials cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system and method, and aims to solve the technical problems that the sorting efficiency is low and the like when the existing gangue sorting technology provided by the background technology is used for removing gangue with different sizes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a wide-size-fraction coal and gangue sorting system which comprises a vibration distributor, a horizontal conveying device, an image acquisition device, a coal and gangue removing device and a material receiving device, wherein the vibration distributor is arranged on the horizontal conveying device; the coal and gangue removing device comprises a first removing component and a second removing component; the first removing component is used for removing the gangue below Xmm grade; the second removing component is used for removing the gangue with the size grade of Xmm; wherein X is an integer between 250 and 350.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the vibrating distributor comprises a sieve surface which is horizontally arranged; the upper surface of the screen surface is provided with a plurality of first compression-proof parts and a plurality of second compression-proof parts in parallel along the conveying direction of the horizontal conveying device; the first pressure prevention piece and the second pressure prevention piece are arranged alternately.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first pressure-proof member includes a plurality of first protrusions and a plurality of second protrusions; the first bumps and the second bumps are arranged in a staggered mode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the first bump is 2 to 3 times of the height of the second bump.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second pressure-proof member includes a plurality of third protrusions and a plurality of fourth protrusions; the third bumps and the fourth bumps are arranged in a staggered mode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the fourth bump is 2 to 3 times of the height of the third bump.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the coal gangue removing device also comprises a supporting box; the first eliminating assembly is arranged at the top of the supporting box; the second rejecting assembly is arranged on one side wall of the supporting box close to the material receiving device; the first rejecting assembly is arranged between the horizontal conveying device and the second rejecting assembly.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the first rejecting assembly comprises an air injection seat fixed on the top wall of the supporting box; the upper part of the air injection seat is provided with a plurality of high-pressure air blowing nozzles which are arranged side by side.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the second removing component comprises a plurality of power telescopic rods arranged side by side, and the tail ends of the power telescopic rods are rotatably connected to the side wall of the supporting box; the output end of the power telescopic rod is rotatably connected with a material rejecting strip; one end of the material rejecting strip is rotatably connected to an upper edge of the supporting box.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the receiving device comprises a coal receiving hopper and a coal gangue receiving hopper which are arranged side by side; the coal briquette receiving hopper is arranged between the supporting box and the coal gangue receiving hopper.
The sorting method of the wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system comprises a material positioning and calibrating method and a material size sorting method;
the material positioning calibration method comprises the following steps:
determining a detector pixel serial number L corresponding to any point S in the width of a conveying belt of a horizontal conveying device (2) and a connecting line of a radiation source focus, and forming a corresponding data table X (S, L) and an included angle theta (L) of the connecting line of the detector pixel and the radiation source focus and the horizontal conveying belt;
establishing a corresponding relation table of material image signal response and detected material thickness; h (n) ═ f (x (l));
step three, after the materials are imaged, determining the position S1 of the conveying belt of each pixel by searching X (S, L) according to the left and right edges L1 and L2 scanned firstly by each line of material images until S2;
step four, according to the left edge L1 and the right edge L2 scanned in advance of each line of material images, searching h (n) (f (x) (L)) through signal responses of all middle pixel points, and determining the thickness of an object corresponding to each pixel;
step five, calculating
Obtaining a pixel sequence number L (Z') of a material collection center, and simultaneously obtaining a projection position S0 of a geometric center of the material on a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
sixthly, searching the material thickness H corresponding to the signal response of the L (Z'), and an angle theta between a focal point connecting line and a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
step seven, calculating the position deviation between the S0 and the horizontal position Z of the real material: h × cos (θ);
acquiring the serial number of the coal and gangue removing device (4) corresponding to the material center according to the corresponding relation between the position of the conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2) and the coal and gangue removing device (4) and the obtained horizontal position deviation;
the material size classification method comprises the following steps:
step one, performing edge cutting on the obtained material image for a plurality of times, wherein the cutting line number is at least 5 lines each time until the residual size of the material image is less than 10 lines;
step two, obtaining the cutting quantity K which can be carried out on the material image, searching the pixel point thickness value removed by each edge cutting according to a corresponding relation data table H (n) (f (x) (l)) of the material image signal response and the material thickness, and then calculating the sum of the thicknesses of all the pixel points cut each time to be H1 and H2 until HK;
step three, setting a cutting frequency threshold K0 of the material image, and the thickness and the Hmax of pixel points after the material image is cut; when K is>K0 or
And when the material is small-size material, selecting the first eliminating component to eliminate the material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the materials are primarily vibrated and screened by the vibrating distributor, then the materials are conveyed by the horizontal conveying device, meanwhile, the images of the materials are acquired by the image acquisition device and are transmitted to the control device, then the waste rocks with different particle sizes in different ranges are removed by the first removing component and the second removing component, so that the ultra-wide particle size efficient separation can be realized, the problem that large blocks of materials need to be crushed in the prior art is solved, the block coal rate of raw coal products is improved, the separation of the large blocks of waste rocks is realized under the condition of consuming little gas, the energy consumption is saved, meanwhile, the effective separation of small blocks of materials is ensured, the operation efficiency of a separation system is greatly improved, the separation characteristics of the large and small materials are complementary, the separation precision and the separation efficiency are high, and the market application value is high.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first anti-compression element and a second anti-compression element mounted on a screening surface according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the positional relationship between the first pressure prevention member and the second pressure prevention member of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the gangue dumping device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first culling assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second reject assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a control logic diagram of a wide size fraction gangue separation system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic drawing of the material positioning calibration method of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-a vibrating distributor, 2-a horizontal conveying device, 3-an image acquisition device, 4-a gangue removal device, 5-a material receiving device, 101-a screen surface, 102-a first compression prevention piece, 103-a second compression prevention piece, 301-an X-ray emission module, 302-an X-ray receiving module, 401-a supporting box, 402-an air injection seat, 403-a power telescopic rod, 404-a material removal strip, 405-a first control unit, 406-a second control unit, 501-a coal block receiving hopper, 502-a gangue receiving hopper, 1021-a first lug, 1022-a second lug, 1031-a third lug, 1032-a fourth lug and 4021-a high-pressure air blowing nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system, which comprises a vibrating distributor 1, a horizontal conveying device 2, an image acquisition device 3, a gangue removing device 4, a material receiving device 5 and a control device; the vibrating distributor 1 is a conventional vibrating screen machine in the field and has the functions of vibrating and screening materials; the horizontal conveying device 2 adopts a conventional belt conveyor in the field; the image acquisition device 3 comprises an X-ray transmitting module 301 and an X-ray receiving module 302; the X-ray emission module 301 is fixedly arranged above the conveying belt of the conveying device 2; the X-ray receiving module 302 is fixedly arranged at the inner side of the conveyer belt of the horizontal conveyer 2; the coal gangue removing device 4 comprises a first removing component and a second removing component; the first removing component is used for removing the gangue below the Xmm grade; the second removing component is used for removing the gangue above Xmm grade; wherein, X is an integer between 250 and 350, and in this embodiment X is 300; the receiving device 5 comprises a coal receiving hopper 501 and a coal gangue receiving hopper 502 which are arranged side by side; the coal briquette receiving hopper 501 is arranged between the support box 401 and the coal gangue receiving hopper 502; the control device is a conventional controller in the field; the control device is respectively and electrically connected with the vibrating distributor 1, the horizontal conveying device 2, the image acquisition device 3 and the coal and gangue removal device 4.
During the use, carry out preliminary vibration and screening to the material through vibration distributing device 1, recycle horizontal transport device 2 and carry the material, image acquisition device 3 carries out image acquisition and transmits to controlling means to the material simultaneously, then reject the waste rock of subassembly to different scope size grades through first rejection subassembly and second, can realize super wide size grade high-efficient sorting, the problem that bold material needs the breakage among the solution prior art, the lump coal rate of raw coal product has been improved, realize the sorting of bold waste rock under the condition that consumes few tolerance, energy saving, guarantee the effective sorting of little piece material simultaneously, the operating efficiency of sorting system has been improved greatly, the sorting characteristics of the big or small material of realization are complementary, have the characteristics that sorting precision is high and sorting efficiency is high concurrently, have higher market using value.
The second embodiment is as follows:
on the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the vibrating distributor 1 comprises a horizontally arranged screening surface 101; the upper surface of the screen surface 101 is provided with a plurality of first compression-proof parts 102 and a plurality of second compression-proof parts 103 in parallel along the material conveying direction of the horizontal conveying device 2; the first compression prevention member 102 and the second compression prevention member 103 are alternately arranged; the first compression prevention part 102 comprises a plurality of first protrusions 1021 and a plurality of second protrusions 1022; the first bumps 1021 and the second bumps 1022 are disposed alternately; the height of the first bump 1021 is 2-3 times that of the second bump 1022, and in this embodiment, 2.5 times; the second compression prevention member 103 includes a plurality of third protrusions 1031 and a plurality of fourth protrusions 1032; the third bumps 1031 and the fourth bumps 1032 are staggered; the height of the fourth bump 1032 is 2-3 times, and in this embodiment is 2.5 times, the height of the third bump 1031. Through setting up first proof pressure piece 102 and second proof pressure piece 103 in the mistake on sifting surface 101, can solve wide size fraction scope material and get into simultaneously and cause the overstock problem of each other, when the coal of different size fractions and waste rock mix and get into horizontal conveyor 2, can the level be laid, reduce because the material is pressed the separation precision that the fold leads to each other and is declined.
The third concrete embodiment:
on the basis of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the gangue removal device 4 further includes a supporting box 401; the first eliminating component is arranged at the top of the supporting box 401; the second rejecting assembly is arranged on one side wall of the supporting box 401 close to the material receiving device 5; the first rejecting assembly is arranged between the horizontal conveying device 2 and the second rejecting assembly.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the first rejection assembly includes an air jet seat 402 fixed to the top wall of the support box 401; the upper part of the air injection seat 402 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure air blowing nozzles 4021 which are arranged side by side; the high-pressure air blowing nozzle 4021 adopts a conventional electromagnetic valve type air nozzle in the field; the high-pressure air blowing nozzle 4021 is electrically connected with a first control unit 405; the first control unit 405 employs a conventional controller in the art; the high-pressure air blowing nozzle 4021 is connected with an air storage tank through an air transmission pipeline; the distance between two adjacent high-pressure air blowing nozzles 4021 is designed to be 1/2 with the minimum size of the sorted materials; the high pressure blowing nozzle 4021 may be designed in two rows or in multiple rows, as desired. When the device is used, the first control unit 405 receives an instruction of the control device to control one or more high-pressure air blowing nozzles 4021 corresponding to the positions of the gangue to be opened, and the high-pressure air blowing nozzles 4021 blow the gangue into the coal gangue receiving hopper 502, so that the small-size gangue is removed; because the required gas flow is small during the sorting of the small-size waste rocks, the requirement on frequency is high, the sorting of the small-size waste rocks is realized by the design mode of controlling high-pressure air through the high-frequency electromagnetic valve, and the sorting effect is quick and efficient.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the second removing assembly includes a plurality of power extension rods 403 arranged side by side, and the tail ends of the power extension rods are rotatably connected to the side walls of the supporting box 401; the power expansion link 403 adopts a conventional electric push rod in the field, and of course, a cylinder, a linear motor and other linear driving devices can be selected; the power expansion rod 403 is electrically connected to the second control unit 406; the second control unit 406 employs a conventional controller in the art; the output end of the power telescopic rod 403 is rotatably connected with a material rejecting strip 404; one end of the rejecting strip 404 is rotatably connected to an upper edge of the supporting box 401. Before use, the rejecting strip 404 is in an initial position, and the position does not contact with the material; when the second control unit 406 receives an instruction of the control device to control one or more power telescopic rods 403 corresponding to the positions of the waste rocks to extend out of the output end, the material removing strips 404 rotate upwards to form an inclined slide way, and large-size waste rocks are contacted with the upper surfaces of the material removing strips 404, so that the movement track of the large-size waste rocks is changed, the large-size waste rocks are made to fall into the coal and waste rock receiving hopper 502, and the large-size waste rocks are removed; the adoption of the removing structure formed by the power telescopic rod 403 and the material rejecting strips 404 can provide larger acting force to promote the materials to change the motion track, if a high-pressure air mode is adopted, a large amount of gas is consumed, and meanwhile, the sorting of extra-large materials cannot be realized, and the selection of the removing structure formed by the power telescopic rod 403 and the material rejecting strips 404 not only reduces the gas consumption problem of the sorting mode, but also improves the sorting capacity.
As shown in fig. 7, the material is stably fed into the horizontal conveying device 2 through the vibrating material distributor 1, the horizontal conveying device 2 conveys the material at a stable belt speed, the X-ray emitting module 301 performs X-ray irradiation, and the X-ray receiving module 302 performs high-speed image signal acquisition, so as to realize image information acquisition; the image acquisition device 3 transmits acquired image signal data to the control device, the control device performs operations such as signal correction and feature calculation on the image data, meanwhile, the control device also realizes material positioning and size classification according to the image data, the control device identifies according to algorithms of different sizes of materials in real time to realize distinguishing of coal blocks and waste rocks and form a first removing instruction of small-size waste rocks and a second removing instruction of large-size waste rocks, the first control unit 405 controls the corresponding high-pressure air blowing nozzle 4021 to be opened after receiving the first removing instruction to remove the small-size waste rocks, and the second control unit 406 controls the corresponding power telescopic rod 403 to be opened after receiving the second removing instruction to remove the large-size waste rocks.
The sorting method of the wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system comprises a material characteristic distinguishing method, a material positioning and calibrating method and a material size sorting method;
the material characteristic distinguishing method is a conventional mode in the field and comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring an average value in a signal 3s of a dual-energy X-ray detector under the condition that an X-ray source is closed, wherein the average value comprises a low-energy detector background signal X0 and a high-energy detector background Y0, and the number of acquired signal pixels is L corresponding to the number of sensor pixels under the width of a whole detection channel, so that X0(1: L) and Y0(1: L) are vectors of L length;
turning on an X-ray source, and collecting the mean value of the dual-energy detector signal within 3s, a low-energy null-field signal X1(1: L) and a high-energy null-field signal Y1(1: L);
step three, acquiring a correction coefficient K (l) ═ 220/(X1(l) -X0 (l));
step four, performing background correction on the real-time image signal X to obtain X' ═ X (l) xK (l), wherein the signal image becomes an image with uniform background;
fifthly, correcting the dual-energy X-ray transmission image of the material according to the correction coefficient;
step six, after signal correction is completed on image signals collected in real time, calculating the absorption characteristic variable of the dual-energy X-ray:
the obtained R (L) can effectively distinguish the X-ray absorption difference of the materials according to a threshold value, so that different substances such as coal, gangue and the like can be effectively distinguished;
the material positioning and calibrating method can determine the real position of the geometric center of the material on the conveying belt according to the image information of the material, and reduce the position deviation caused by the oblique irradiation imaging of the X-ray, as shown in FIG. 8, the material positioning and calibrating method comprises the following steps:
after the positions of an X-ray source, a conveyor belt of a horizontal conveying device (2) and an image detector are determined, determining a detector pixel sequence number L corresponding to a connecting line of any point S and a source focus in the width of the conveyor belt of the horizontal conveying device (2) and forming a corresponding data table X (S, L) and an included angle theta (L) between the connecting line of the detector pixel and the source focus and the horizontal conveyor belt;
establishing a corresponding relation table of material image signal response and detected material thickness; h (n) ═ f (x (l));
step three, after the materials are imaged, determining the position S1 of the conveying belt of each pixel by searching X (S, L) according to the left and right edges L1 and L2 scanned firstly by each line of material images until S2;
step four, according to the left edge L1 and the right edge L2 scanned in advance of each line of material images, searching h (n) (f (x) (L)) through signal responses of all middle pixel points, and determining the thickness of an object corresponding to each pixel;
step five, calculating
Obtaining a pixel sequence number L (Z') of a material collection center, and simultaneously obtaining a projection position S0 of a geometric center of the material on a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
sixthly, searching the material thickness H corresponding to the signal response of the L (Z'), and an angle theta between a focal point connecting line and a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
step seven, calculating the position deviation between the S0 and the horizontal position Z of the real material: h × cos (θ);
acquiring the serial number of the coal and gangue removing device (4) corresponding to the material center according to the corresponding relation between the position of the conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2) and the coal and gangue removing device (4) and the obtained horizontal position deviation;
the material size classification method comprises the following steps:
step one, performing edge cutting on the obtained material image for a plurality of times, wherein the cutting line number is at least 5 lines each time until the residual size of the material image is less than 10 lines;
step two, obtaining the cutting quantity K which can be carried out on the material image, searching the pixel point thickness value removed by each edge cutting according to a corresponding relation data table H (n) (f (x) (l)) of the material image signal response and the material thickness, and then calculating the sum of the thicknesses of all the pixel points cut each time to be H1 and H2 until HK;
step three, setting a cutting frequency threshold K0 of the material image, and the thickness and the Hmax of pixel points after the material image is cut; when K is>K0 or
And when the material is small-size material, selecting the first eliminating component to eliminate the material.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A wide-size-fraction coal and gangue sorting system comprises a vibrating distributor (1), a horizontal conveying device (2), an image acquisition device (3), a coal and gangue removing device (4) and a material receiving device (5); the method is characterized in that:
the coal and gangue removing device (4) comprises a first removing component and a second removing component; the first removing component is used for removing the gangue below Xmm grade; the second removing component is used for removing the gangue with the size grade of Xmm; wherein X is an integer between 250 and 350.
2. The wide size fraction gangue separation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vibrating distributor (1) comprises a horizontally disposed screening surface (101); the upper surface of the screen surface (101) is provided with a plurality of first pressure prevention parts (102) and a plurality of second pressure prevention parts (103) in parallel along the conveying direction of the horizontal conveying device (2); the first pressure prevention parts (102) and the second pressure prevention parts (103) are alternately arranged.
3. The wide size fraction gangue sorting system of claim 2, wherein the first compression preventing member (102) comprises a plurality of first projections (1021) and a plurality of second projections (1022); the first bumps (1021) and the second bumps (1022) are arranged in a staggered manner.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the first projection (1021) is 2-3 times the height of the second projection (1022).
5. A wide size fraction gangue sorting system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the second press prevention member (103) comprises a plurality of third lugs (1031) and a plurality of fourth lugs (1032); the third bumps (1031) and the fourth bumps (1032) are arranged in a staggered manner.
6. A wide size fraction gangue sorting system according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the fourth bumps (1032) is 2-3 times the height of the third bumps (1031).
7. The wide size fraction gangue sorting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gangue dumping device (4) further comprises a supporting box (401); the first rejection component is arranged at the top of the support box (401); the second rejecting assembly is arranged on one side wall of the supporting box (401) close to the material receiving device (5); the first rejecting assembly is arranged between the horizontal conveying device (2) and the second rejecting assembly.
8. The wide size fraction gangue sorting system of claim 7, wherein the first rejecting assembly comprises an air jet seat (402) fixed to a top wall of a support box (401); the upper part of the air injection seat (402) is provided with a plurality of high-pressure air blowing nozzles (4021) which are arranged side by side.
9. The wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second rejecting assembly comprises a plurality of power telescopic rods (403) arranged side by side, and the tail ends of the power telescopic rods are rotatably connected to the side wall of the supporting box (401); the output end of the power telescopic rod (403) is rotatably connected with a material rejecting strip (404); one end of the material rejecting strip (404) is rotatably connected to an upper edge of the supporting box (401).
10. The sorting method of the wide-size-fraction gangue sorting system as claimed in claim 9, which comprises a material positioning calibration method and a material size sorting method;
the material positioning calibration method comprises the following steps:
determining a detector pixel serial number L corresponding to any point S in the width of a conveying belt of a horizontal conveying device (2) and a connecting line of a radiation source focus, and forming a corresponding data table X (S, L) and an included angle theta (L) of the connecting line of the detector pixel and the radiation source focus and the horizontal conveying belt;
establishing a corresponding relation table of material image signal response and detected material thickness; h (n) ═ f (x (l));
step three, after the materials are imaged, determining the position S1 of the conveying belt of each pixel by searching X (S, L) according to the left and right edges L1 and L2 scanned firstly by each line of material images until S2;
step four, according to the left edge L1 and the right edge L2 scanned in advance of each line of material images, searching h (n) (f (x) (L)) through signal responses of all middle pixel points, and determining the thickness of an object corresponding to each pixel;
step five, calculating
Obtaining a pixel sequence number L (Z') of a material collection center, and simultaneously obtaining a projection position S0 of a geometric center of the material on a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
sixthly, searching the material thickness H corresponding to the signal response of the L (Z'), and an angle theta between a focal point connecting line and a conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2);
step seven, calculating the position deviation between the S0 and the horizontal position Z of the real material: h × cos (θ);
acquiring the serial number of the coal and gangue removing device (4) corresponding to the material center according to the corresponding relation between the position of the conveying belt of the horizontal conveying device (2) and the coal and gangue removing device (4) and the obtained horizontal position deviation;
the material size classification method comprises the following steps:
step one, performing edge cutting on the obtained material image for a plurality of times, wherein the cutting line number is at least 5 lines each time until the residual size of the material image is less than 10 lines;
step two, obtaining the cutting quantity of the material image which can be performed as K, searching the pixel point thickness value removed by each edge cutting according to a corresponding relation data table H (n) (f (x) (l)) of the material image signal response and the material thickness, and then accumulatively calculating the sum of the thicknesses of all the pixel points cut each time to be H1, H2 … and HK;
step three, setting a cutting frequency threshold K0 of the material image, and the thickness and the Hmax of pixel points after the material image is cut; when K is>K0 or
And when the material is small-size material, selecting the first eliminating component to eliminate the material.
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| CN202111611901.0A CN114405858B (en) | 2021-12-27 | Wide-size-fraction coal gangue sorting system and method |
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