CN114400350A - Air cooling device of fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Air cooling device of fuel cell stack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114400350A
CN114400350A CN202111486610.3A CN202111486610A CN114400350A CN 114400350 A CN114400350 A CN 114400350A CN 202111486610 A CN202111486610 A CN 202111486610A CN 114400350 A CN114400350 A CN 114400350A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
air
fan
fuel cell
cell stack
supporting plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111486610.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
池滨
高鹏然
曹加鹏
陈宏�
张华农
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd, Shenzhen Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111486610.3A priority Critical patent/CN114400350A/en
Publication of CN114400350A publication Critical patent/CN114400350A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The application provides a fuel cell pile's air cooling device includes: the galvanic pile body: the pile body is arranged between a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of fasteners, and the pile body comprises a bipolar plate with an open cathode flow channel; the electric pile shell: one end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the first supporting plate in a surrounding manner, and the other end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the second supporting plate in a surrounding manner; a plurality of air inlets and a plurality of air outlets are arranged on the side surface of the pile shell, the air inlets and the air outlets are oppositely arranged on two side surfaces of the pile shell, and the number of the air inlets is more than that of the air outlets; the air inlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air inlet; and the air outlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air outlet. The application can realize the hydrothermal management of the galvanic pile, remarkably improve the performance of the galvanic pile and effectively prolong the service life of the galvanic pile.

Description

Air cooling device of fuel cell stack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an air cooling device of a fuel cell stack.
Background
Fuel cells are on-line power generation devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, low noise, zero pollution, quick start at low temperature and the like, and have wide application prospects in the fields of vehicle power systems, fixed power stations, standby power supplies, portable power supplies and the like. The air-cooled fuel cell has the advantages of simple structure, simple system control logic and low manufacturing cost, and is very suitable for power utilization scenes with low power requirements.
Sufficient air needs to be introduced into the cathode of the air-cooled fuel cell stack with the open cathode in the working process so as to provide sufficient oxygen and ensure the reaction of the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the sufficient air can take away heat generated by the reaction through the open cathode flow channel so as to play a role in heat dissipation of the stack. For the cathode side, a single-sided fan is typically used to supply air, and this air intake is relatively low in air pressure in the open cathode flow path during stack operation. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the galvanic pile, the air volume provided by the fan is far greater than the air volume required by the chemical reaction of the galvanic pile, so that the air utilization rate is low, the moisture in the galvanic pile is easy to volatilize quickly, the humidity of the membrane electrode is reduced, the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane in the galvanic pile is influenced, and the output power of the galvanic pile is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the air cooling device, the invention provides an air cooling device for a fuel cell stack, and aims to solve the problems that the proton conductivity and the output power of the stack are influenced by low air pressure, low air utilization rate, low stack humidity and poor stack heat dissipation effect of the cathode runner of the conventional air-cooled fuel cell stack. The device can effectively promote the air pressure in the cathode flow channel of the galvanic pile, keeps the humidity of the galvanic pile while obtaining good heat dissipation effect, and can promote the output performance of the galvanic pile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an air cooling device of a fuel cell stack, which comprises:
the galvanic pile comprises a galvanic pile body, a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, wherein the galvanic pile body is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of fasteners; the stack body comprises a bipolar plate with an open cathode flow channel;
one end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the first supporting plate in a surrounding manner, and the other end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the second supporting plate in a surrounding manner; a plurality of air inlets and a plurality of air outlets are arranged on the side surface of the pile shell, the air inlets and the air outlets are oppositely arranged on two side surfaces of the pile shell, and the number of the air inlets is more than that of the air outlets;
the air inlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air inlet; the air inlet fan is a blowing fan;
the air outlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air outlet; the air outlet fan is an air suction fan.
Further, the air inlet is formed in the side face, close to the cathode flow channel, of the stack shell.
Furthermore, the number of the air inlet fans and the number of the air outlet fans are matched with the output power of the galvanic pile body. Therefore, the requirements of power generation and heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack are met, and the normal operation of the fuel cell stack is ensured.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the air inlet fan and the rotating speed of the air outlet fan are matched with the air demand and the gas pressure of a cathode flow channel of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, the pressure required by the cathode in the operation process of the fuel cell stack is met, and the normal operation of the fuel cell stack is ensured.
Furthermore, the blowing speed of the air inlet fan is greater than or equal to the air suction speed of the air outlet fan.
Furthermore, the air inlet fan is fixed on one side surface of the pile shell through a plurality of first screws; and the air outlet fan is fixed on the other side surface of the electric pile shell through a plurality of second screws.
Furthermore, first openings are formed in two sides of the air inlet, and the air inlet fan is fixed on the electric pile shell through the first openings; and second openings are formed in two sides of the air outlet, and the air outlet fan is fixed on the electric pile shell through the second openings.
Further, the cathode flow channel is communicated with an air flow channel of the air inlet fan; the air pressure of the cathode flow channel is preferably 20-30 kPa.
Furthermore, the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan are fans with adjustable rotating speeds.
Further, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are arranged in parallel and symmetrically.
Further, the galvanic pile shell is a stainless steel aluminum alloy shell.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects: this application is through setting up air inlet fan and air outlet fan to control air inlet mode between them, can make more air enter into the cathode flow channel, provide sufficient reaction oxidant, the unnecessary heat that also can in time discharge the galvanic pile simultaneously produced, the temperature of effective control galvanic pile. By controlling the rotating speeds of the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan, the air pressure in an air flow channel of the fan can be effectively enhanced, the concentration of an oxidant in a cathode flow channel is improved, meanwhile, the loss of water in the galvanic pile can be effectively reduced, and the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane in the galvanic pile under the operation condition is improved. The device of the application can realize the water heat management of the galvanic pile without changing the structure of the galvanic pile, improves the pressure of air in the cathode flow channel, obviously improves the performance of the galvanic pile and effectively prolongs the service life of the galvanic pile.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air cooling device of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another side view of the air cooling apparatus of the fuel cell stack of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air-cooling device of the fuel cell stack of FIG. 1 from another end;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the stack case and fan;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the cell stack casing of fig. 1.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top and bottom … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
During the operation of the air-cooled fuel cell stack with the open cathode, sufficient air needs to be introduced into the cathode to provide sufficient oxygen so as to ensure the reaction of the fuel cell, and simultaneously, the sufficient air can take away the heat generated by the reaction through the open cathode flow channel, thereby playing the role of heat dissipation of the stack. For the cathode side, a single-sided fan is typically used to supply air, and this air intake is relatively low in air pressure in the open cathode flow path during stack operation. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the galvanic pile, the air volume provided by the fan is far greater than the air volume required by the chemical reaction of the galvanic pile, so that the air utilization rate is low, the moisture in the galvanic pile is easy to volatilize quickly, the humidity of the membrane electrode is reduced, the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane in the galvanic pile is influenced, and the output power of the galvanic pile is influenced. In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an air cooling device for a fuel cell stack to solve the above technical problems.
The device can obviously improve the proton conductivity of the proton exchange membrane and reduce the ohmic impedance of the galvanic pile by improving the humidity of the galvanic pile in the operation process; the pressure of air in the cathode flow channel of the fuel cell stack is enhanced by adjusting the rotating speed of the air inlet fan, so that the concentration of the oxidant in the cathode flow channel can be improved, the diffusion rate of the oxidant at the cathode is improved, and the output performance of the fuel cell stack is effectively improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air cooling device for a fuel cell stack, including:
a stack body (not shown) disposed between a first support plate 10 and a second support plate 20, wherein the first support plate 10 and the second support plate 20 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fasteners 30; the stack body includes bipolar plates (not identified in the figures) with open cathode flow channels;
a stack housing 40, one end of the stack housing 40 is fixed on the peripheral side of the first support plate 10 in a surrounding manner, and the other end of the stack housing is fixed on the peripheral side of the second support plate 20 in a surrounding manner; a plurality of air inlets 41 and a plurality of air outlets 42 are arranged on the side surface of the stack shell 40, the air inlets 41 and the air outlets 42 are oppositely arranged on two side surfaces of the stack shell 40, and the number of the air inlets 41 is more than that of the air outlets 42;
an air inlet fan 50 disposed outside the air inlet 41; the air inlet fan 50 is a blowing fan;
an air outlet fan 60 disposed outside the air outlet 42; the outlet fan 60 is an air suction fan.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the inlet fans 50 is 3, and the number of the outlet fans 60 is 2.
Further, the air inlet 41 is disposed on a side of the stack housing 40 close to the cathode flow channel.
Further, the number of the air inlet fans 50 and the number of the air outlet fans 60 are matched with the output power of the galvanic pile body. Therefore, the requirements of power generation and heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack are met, and the normal operation of the fuel cell stack is ensured. For example, in an embodiment, when the number of the inlet fans is 3 and the number of the outlet fans is 2, the output power of the stack body is 5kW, and both the number of the inlet fans and the number of the outlet fans are adapted to the output power of the stack body.
Further, the rotation speed of the inlet fan 50 and the rotation speed of the outlet fan 60 are both adapted to the air demand and the gas pressure of the cathode channel. Therefore, the gas pressure required by the cathode in the operation process of the fuel cell stack is met, and the normal operation of the fuel cell stack is ensured. For example, in an embodiment, when the rotation speed of each of the air inlet fans (3) is 7000rpm, which is 5000-.
Further, the blowing speed of the inlet fan 50 is greater than or equal to the suction speed of the outlet fan 60. Therefore, the requirements of air demand and gas pressure of a cathode flow channel of the fuel cell stack can be met, the moisture content in the stack can be ensured, the humidity required by the membrane electrode is ensured, and the utilization rate of air is higher.
Further, the air intake fan 50 is fixed to a side surface of the stack case 40 by a plurality of first screws 51; the air outlet fan 60 is fixed to the other side surface of the stack case 40 by a plurality of second screws 61. In this application, air inlet fan and air outlet fan set up relatively, can the effectual radiating effect who guarantees the pile.
Further, two sides of the air inlet 41 are provided with first openings (not labeled in the figures), and the air inlet fan 50 is fixed on the stack shell 40 through the first openings; two sides of the air outlet 42 are provided with second opening air outlet openings (not labeled in the figure), and the air outlet fan 60 is fixed on the stack shell 40 through the second openings.
Further, the cathode flow channel is communicated with the air flow channel of the air intake fan 50; the air pressure of the cathode flow channel is preferably 20-30 kPa.
Further, the air inlet fan 50 and the air outlet fan 60 are both fans with adjustable rotation speed.
Further, the first support plate 10 and the second support plate 20 are disposed in parallel and symmetrically.
Further, the stack casing 40 is a stainless steel aluminum alloy casing.
During the use, at the in-process that starts this application device, open the three air inlet fan of air inlet department at first with low rotational speed, at this moment, two air outlet fans of air outlet do not start. Along with the start-up and the operation of pile, the temperature of pile risees gradually, and when the temperature of pile reached 60 ℃, three air inlet fan rotational speed of air intake improved, and two air outlet fans of air outlet start simultaneously to the air outlet fan rotational speed of air outlet is less than the rotational speed of the air inlet fan of air intake. In the process, the redundant heat generated by the galvanic pile can be effectively taken out of the galvanic pile by the air outlet fan, and meanwhile, the air pressure in a cathode flow channel of the galvanic pile and the humidity of a membrane electrode in the galvanic pile can be improved, so that the output performance of the galvanic pile is effectively improved. The pressure of air in the cathode flow channel of the electric pile can reach 20-30 kPa, and compared with the air pressure in the cathode flow channel in the scheme of installing the fan on one side, the pressure in the air flow channel in the device is obviously improved.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects: this application is through setting up air inlet fan and air outlet fan to control air inlet mode between them, can make more air enter into the cathode flow channel, provide sufficient reaction oxidant, the unnecessary heat that also can in time discharge the galvanic pile simultaneously produced, the temperature of effective control galvanic pile. By controlling the rotating speeds of the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan, the pressure of air in an air flow channel of the fan can be effectively enhanced, the concentration of an oxidant in a cathode flow channel is improved, meanwhile, the loss of water in the galvanic pile can be effectively reduced, and the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane in the galvanic pile under the operation condition is improved. The device of the application can realize the water heat management of the galvanic pile without changing the structure of the galvanic pile, improves the pressure of air in the cathode flow channel, obviously improves the performance of the galvanic pile and effectively prolongs the service life of the galvanic pile.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An air-cooling device for a fuel cell stack, comprising:
the galvanic pile comprises a galvanic pile body, a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, wherein the galvanic pile body is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of fasteners; the stack body comprises a bipolar plate with an open cathode flow channel;
one end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the first supporting plate in a surrounding manner, and the other end of the pile shell is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the second supporting plate in a surrounding manner; a plurality of air inlets and a plurality of air outlets are arranged on the side surface of the pile shell, the air inlets and the air outlets are oppositely arranged on two side surfaces of the pile shell, and the number of the air inlets is more than that of the air outlets;
the air inlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air inlet; the air inlet fan is a blowing fan;
the air outlet fan is arranged on the outer side of the air outlet; the air outlet fan is an air suction fan.
2. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet is disposed at a side of the stack casing close to the cathode flow channel.
3. The air cooling device of the fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the number of the air inlet fans and the number of the air outlet fans are matched with the output power of the stack body.
4. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the inlet fan and the rotation speed of the outlet fan are adapted to the air demand and the air pressure of the cathode flow channel of the fuel cell stack.
5. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack as set forth in claim 1, wherein the blowing speed of the inlet fan is greater than or equal to the suction speed of the outlet fan.
6. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack according to claim 2, wherein the air intake fan is fixed to a side surface of the stack casing by a plurality of first screws; and the air outlet fan is fixed on the other side surface of the electric pile shell through a plurality of second screws.
7. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein first openings are formed at two sides of the air inlet, and the air inlet fan is fixed on the stack shell through the first openings; and second openings are formed in two sides of the air outlet, and the air outlet fan is fixed on the electric pile shell through the second openings.
8. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the cathode flow channel is communicated with an air flow channel of the air intake fan; the air pressure of the cathode flow channel is 20-30 kPa.
9. The air cooling device for the fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan are both fans with adjustable rotating speeds; the galvanic pile shell is a stainless steel aluminum alloy shell.
10. The air-cooling device for the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the first support plate and the second support plate are arranged in parallel and symmetrically.
CN202111486610.3A 2021-12-07 2021-12-07 Air cooling device of fuel cell stack Pending CN114400350A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111486610.3A CN114400350A (en) 2021-12-07 2021-12-07 Air cooling device of fuel cell stack

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111486610.3A CN114400350A (en) 2021-12-07 2021-12-07 Air cooling device of fuel cell stack

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114400350A true CN114400350A (en) 2022-04-26

Family

ID=81227960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111486610.3A Pending CN114400350A (en) 2021-12-07 2021-12-07 Air cooling device of fuel cell stack

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114400350A (en)

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