CN114397280A - Large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system - Google Patents
Large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397280A CN114397280A CN202111479020.8A CN202111479020A CN114397280A CN 114397280 A CN114397280 A CN 114397280A CN 202111479020 A CN202111479020 A CN 202111479020A CN 114397280 A CN114397280 A CN 114397280A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007516 diamond turning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical group [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N2021/6463—Optics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system, which belongs to the technical field of cold atoms and comprises a vacuum box, wherein a light collecting mirror is arranged in the vacuum box, a large-aperture groove is formed in the light collecting mirror, the molded surface of the groove is parabolic and meets the requirement of y24 fx; the light collecting lens is provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole which are communicated with the groove, and the upper through hole and the lower through hole are in positive correspondence with the focal length f point of the groove; a collimating laser light source is arranged at the upper through hole, and a reflector is arranged at the lower through hole; the fluorescent gathering mirror group is arranged outside the vacuum box and is right opposite to the opening of the groove, and the fluorescent gathering mirror group is used for gathering the fluorescent light reflected by the groove; the photoelectric detector is used for collecting the fluorescence converged by the fluorescence converging lens group; the invention can effectively improve the solid angle range of cold atomic group fluorescence collection through reasonable structural arrangement, particularly through arranging the groove with the parabolic profileThereby improving the detection signal-to-noise ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cold atoms, and particularly relates to a fluorescence signal detection and collection optical technology.
Background
The cold atom technology is a technology for realizing the research of atomic physical properties and precision measurement by controlling the change of atomic quantum states, and is applied to a plurality of fields such as quantum communication, atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, quantum simulation and the like. The cold atom precision measurement result is expressed in the form of atomic quantum state distribution, and can be obtained by exciting different quantum states by adopting specific laser to generate fluorescence radiation and obtaining the measurement result by obtaining the fluorescence radiation intensity.
The cold atom device is required to be better than 10-7Pa, and is used for isolating the interference of impurity gas to measurement. In order to obtain a fluorescence signal with sufficient intensity, atomic gas dispersed in the space needs to be captured from background gas in a vacuum environment and aggregated into cold atomic groups. And then the fluorescence signal is obtained by focusing on the position of the atomic group through the optical lens group.
The fluorescence generated by exciting the atomic group by the laser is uniformly radiated to the whole space by taking the atomic group as the center, namely the spatial angle of the fluorescence distribution is 4 pi. The traditional fluorescence collection method is to image and collect fluorescence for cold atomic groups by an optical lens group outside a vacuum system. The spatial angle of the collected fluorescence depends on the objective numerical aperture of the optical lens group. The imaging optical system collects fluorescence with a spatial angle theoretical limit not exceeding 2 pi (half-space range). In practical cases, the distance from the imaging optical system to the atomic group is not 0 (located outside the vacuum system), and the aperture of the imaging optical system is limited. Typically, the spatial angle of collection of the radical fluorescence does not exceed 0.1 pi, corresponding to a numerical aperture of about 0.3 for the optical lens set. Therefore, the effective signal of the current radical fluorescence collection only accounts for 2.5% of the total fluorescence. Therefore, how to increase the fluorescence collection ratio, increase the signal-to-noise ratio of fluorescence detection, and further directly increase the quantum precision measurement energy is a subject to be researched at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a new technical scheme, and the cold atomic group fluorescence collection proportion is improved by designing a large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system, so that the quantum precision measurement detection signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
The specific scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system includes
The vacuum box is internally provided with a light collecting mirror, a large-aperture groove is formed in the light collecting mirror, and the molded surface of the groove is parabolic and meets the requirement of y24 fx; the light collecting lens is provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole which are communicated with the groove, and the upper through hole and the lower through hole are in positive correspondence with the focal length f point of the groove; a collimating laser light source is arranged at the upper through hole, and a reflector is arranged at the lower through hole;
the fluorescent gathering mirror group is arranged outside the vacuum box and is right opposite to the opening of the groove, and the fluorescent gathering mirror group is used for gathering the fluorescent light reflected by the groove; and
and the photoelectric detector is used for collecting the fluorescence converged by the fluorescence converging mirror group.
Further, the vacuum degree of the vacuum box is not less than 10-7Pa。
Further, the vacuum box is made of titanium alloy, and a fluorescence observation window is arranged on the vacuum box.
Further, the collimated laser light source emits a fluorescence excitation light beam a, the fluorescence excitation light beam coincides with a normal of the reflector to be reflected as a fluorescence excitation light beam B, and a transmission path of the fluorescence excitation light beam a coincides with a transmission path of the fluorescence excitation light beam B and the direction of the fluorescence excitation light beam a is opposite to that of the fluorescence excitation light beam B.
Furthermore, the light collecting mirror is integrally turned and formed by a metal aluminum material through a diamond lathe.
Furthermore, the light collecting mirror is formed by pressing an engineering plastic die, and a metal reflecting film covers the bottom of the groove.
Furthermore, the reflector is a circular plane reflector made of quartz substrate, and the surface of the reflector is plated with a high-reflection film.
Further, the fluorescent converging lens group is a double cemented lens.
The beneficial effect that adopts this technical scheme to reach does:
according to the invention, through reasonable structural arrangement, especially through arrangement of the groove with the parabolic profile, the solid angle range of cold atomic group fluorescence collection can be effectively improved, so that the detection signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a large solid angle fluorescence collection system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the profile of the light collecting mirror according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a vacuum box 10, a light collecting mirror 20, a groove 21, an upper through hole 22, a lower through hole 23, a collimated laser source 30, a reflector 40, a fluorescent converging mirror group 50, a photoelectric detector 60, a cold atomic group 100 and a fluorescent light ray 200.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present implementation provides a large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system that improves the detection signal-to-noise ratio by utilizing the fluorescence collection optical system to increase the solid angle range of cold radical fluorescence collection.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1-2, the proposed large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system includes a vacuum box 10, in which a light collecting mirror 20, a collimated laser light source 30 and a reflector 40 are disposed inside the vacuum box 10; wherein a large-aperture groove 21 is formed in the light-collecting mirror 20, and the profile of the groove 21 is parabolic and satisfies y24fx (f stands for focal length of parabola); an upper through hole 22 and a lower through hole 23 which are communicated with the groove 21 are arranged on the light-collecting mirror 20, wherein the upper through hole 22 and the lower through hole 23 are in positive correspondence with a focal length f point of the groove 21 (the focal length f point can be understood to be exactly positioned on a central connecting line of the upper through hole 22 and the lower through hole 23); the collimation laser light source 30 is arranged at the upper through hole 22, and the reflector 40 is arranged at the lower through hole 23; the collimated laser source 30 will emit a fluorescence excitation beam A that coincides with the normal of the mirror 40 to be reflected as fluorescence excitationAnd the light beam B, the fluorescence excitation light beam A and the fluorescence excitation light beam B are overlapped in transmission path and opposite in direction.
A fluorescent converging lens group 50 is arranged outside the vacuum box 10 and at a position right opposite to the opening of the groove 21, and the fluorescent converging lens group 50 is used for converging the fluorescent light reflected by the groove 21; meanwhile, a photoelectric detector 60 is arranged behind the fluorescence converging mirror group 50, and the photoelectric detector 60 is used for collecting fluorescence converged by the fluorescence converging mirror group 50.
In the operation of collecting fluorescence specifically, when the cold radical 100 falls to the focal length f of the groove 21 in the light collecting mirror 20, the collimated laser source 30 emits a fluorescence excitation beam a to excite the cold radical 100, and the fluorescence excitation beam a irradiates the reflector 40 to be reflected, where the reflected laser is called fluorescence excitation beam B; the transmission paths of the fluorescence excitation light beam A and the fluorescence excitation light beam B are overlapped and opposite in direction, and the cold atomic groups 100 are excited together to generate fluorescence light rays 200 which are uniformly radiated in a space range; the fluorescence light 200 in the large solid angle range is transmitted out of the vacuum box 10 along the same general direction through the deflection of the groove 21 profile, and is converged on the photoelectric detector 60 through the fluorescence converging mirror group 50, so that the fluorescence collection in the large solid angle range is obtained.
In the scheme, the vacuum degree of the vacuum box 10 is better than 10-7Pa, provides a physical environment for the formation and maintenance of cold radicals 100. Meanwhile, the vacuum box 10 is made of titanium alloy, and a fluorescence observation window is provided on the vacuum box 10.
In the scheme, the light collecting mirror 20 is integrally turned and formed by a metal aluminum material through a diamond lathe; or the reflecting plate can be pressed and formed by adopting an engineering plastic mould, and the bottom of the groove is covered with a metal reflecting film.
In this embodiment, the reflector 40 is a circular plane reflector made of quartz substrate, and the surface of the reflector 40 is plated with a high reflective film.
In this embodiment, the fluorescence converging lens set 50 is a double cemented lens.
The use of a large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system is described below in a specific embodiment.
The cold atomic group 100 to be observed adopts rubidium atom isotope Rb87. Cold radicals 100 are collected from the rubidium atom vapor in the vacuum chamber 10 by a magneto-optical trap technique. The cold radical 100 contains about 1 x 107 rubidium atoms. The collector mirror 20 is designed to deflect the spatially uniformly distributed fluorescence generated by the cold radicals 100 into parallel beams that are transmitted out of the vacuum box 10. Therefore, the curve of the profile of the light-collecting mirror 20 needs to be parabolic, which satisfies:
y2＝4fx
the focal length f of the parabolic groove 21 is here designed to be 30mm, the collection aperture angle theta is designed to be 120 deg., and the corresponding solid angle omega is designed
The light transmission radius of the light collecting mirror 20 can be calculated, and the surface shape size of the light collecting mirror 20 can be obtained.
The fluorescence excitation beam A emitted by the collimated laser source 30 is a Gaussian beam, and a collimated laser beam with the diameter of 10mm and the wavelength of 780nm corresponds to the transition energy level of rubidium atoms. In order to allow the cold radical 100 to fall into the condenser 20 and to irradiate the fluorescence excitation beam a to the cold radical 100, the diameter of the through-holes (upper through-hole 22, lower through-hole 23) formed above and below the condenser 20 is 12 mm.
The fluorescence excitation light beam a reaches the reflecting mirror 40 through the through hole of the light collecting mirror 20. The reflector 40 is a round plane reflector made of standard quartz base materials with the caliber of 25.4mm, the surface of the reflector is plated with a 780nm high-reflection film, and the reflectivity reaches 99%. The fluorescence excitation beam A generates a fluorescence excitation beam B through the reflecting mirror 40, and the fluorescence excitation beam B is also a Gaussian beam and is a collimated laser beam with the diameter of 10mm and the wavelength of 780 nm.
The fluorescence converging lens group 50 is an eight-foot double cemented lens with a clear aperture larger than 200mm and an effective focal length of 500mm, and is matched with the exit clear aperture of the light collecting lens 20, and the optical axis is aligned with the fluorescence, so that the fluorescence is converged to the focus of the fluorescence converging lens group 50. The photoelectric detector 60 is a visible light photoelectric detector doped with Si material, and meets the 780nm fluorescence detection requirement.
According to the technical scheme, through reasonable structural arrangement, particularly through the arrangement of the groove with the parabolic profile, the solid angle range of cold atomic group fluorescence collection can be effectively improved, and therefore the detection signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system comprising
The vacuum box (10), be provided with collector mirror (20) in vacuum box (10), open in collector mirror (20) and be equipped with large aperture recess (21), the profile of recess (21) is the parabola type and satisfies y24 fx; an upper through hole (22) and a lower through hole (23) which are communicated with the groove (21) are formed in the light collecting mirror (20), and the upper through hole (22) and the lower through hole (23) are in positive correspondence with a focal length f point of the groove (21); a collimated laser source (30) is arranged at the upper through hole (22), and a reflector (40) is arranged at the lower through hole (23);
the fluorescent collecting mirror group (50) is arranged outside the vacuum box (10) and is right opposite to the opening of the groove (21), and the fluorescent collecting mirror group (50) is used for collecting the fluorescent light reflected by the groove (21); and
and the photoelectric detector (60) is used for collecting the fluorescence converged by the fluorescence converging lens group (50).
2. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system of claim 1, wherein the vacuum chamber (10) has a vacuum degree of not less than 10-7Pa。
3. A large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum box (10) is made of titanium alloy, and the vacuum box (10) is provided with a fluorescence observation window.
4. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system of claim 1, wherein the collimated laser light source emits a fluorescence excitation beam a that coincides with a normal of the mirror (40) to be reflected as a fluorescence excitation beam B, the fluorescence excitation beam a coinciding with and being opposite in direction to the transmission path of the fluorescence excitation beam B.
5. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system of claim 1, wherein the collector mirror (20) is integrally turned from a metallic aluminum material by a diamond turning machine.
6. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system of claim 1, wherein the collector mirror (20) is molded from an engineering plastic and covered with a metallic reflective film at the bottom of the groove (21).
7. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system according to claim 1, wherein the reflector (40) is a circular plane reflector (40) made of quartz substrate, and the surface of the reflector (40) is coated with high reflection film.
8. The large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system of claim 1, wherein the fluorescence collection optics (50) is a doublet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111479020.8A CN114397280A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system |
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| CN202111479020.8A CN114397280A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Large solid angle fluorescence collection optical system |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103492585A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2014-01-01 | 即时生物检测有限公司 | Microbial detection apparatus and method |
| CN103558197A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Cold atom number detecting device |
| CN103941382A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-23 | 浙江卷积科技有限公司 | Collector for faint light in three-dimensional space |
| CN105334195A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-02-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for determining detector position with atomic maximum fluorescence collection efficiency |
| CN109297941A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-02-01 | 南开大学 | Fluorescence signal collection light path system |
| CN111650174A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-11 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Enhanced atomic fluorescence collecting device and collecting method |
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2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111479020.8A patent/CN114397280A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103492585A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2014-01-01 | 即时生物检测有限公司 | Microbial detection apparatus and method |
| CN103558197A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Cold atom number detecting device |
| CN103941382A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-23 | 浙江卷积科技有限公司 | Collector for faint light in three-dimensional space |
| CN105334195A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-02-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for determining detector position with atomic maximum fluorescence collection efficiency |
| CN109297941A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-02-01 | 南开大学 | Fluorescence signal collection light path system |
| CN111650174A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-11 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Enhanced atomic fluorescence collecting device and collecting method |
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