CN114396512B - Method for long-distance conveying high-pressure hydrogen by using hydrogen-brittleness-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe - Google Patents
Method for long-distance conveying high-pressure hydrogen by using hydrogen-brittleness-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN114396512B CN114396512B CN202210292935.6A CN202210292935A CN114396512B CN 114396512 B CN114396512 B CN 114396512B CN 202210292935 A CN202210292935 A CN 202210292935A CN 114396512 B CN114396512 B CN 114396512B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/082—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/083—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire three or more layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
Abstract
The invention provides a hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe, which comprises: a plastic outer layer, a plastic inner layer and a metal wire winding layer; the plastic inner layer is arranged in the plastic outer layer; the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are made of thermoplastic plastics; the metal wire winding layer is arranged between the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer, the metal wire winding layer, the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are bonded through a hot melt adhesive, and the metal wire winding layer is formed by spirally winding a plurality of metal wires in a left-handed or right-handed mode; the metal wires are: at least one of a low carbon steel wire, an aluminum plated steel wire, a copper plated steel wire, or a stainless steel wire. The high-density polyethylene is adopted as a composite pipe matrix, the strength of the pipeline is improved by winding the metal wire outside the polyethylene inner layer in a staggered manner, and the metal wire is made of a hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wire so as to reduce the influence of hydrogen embrittlement on the mechanical property of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of non-metal pipelines, in particular to a hydrogen embrittlement-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe.
Background
In the whole process of hydrogen energy utilization, hydrogen transportation is an important research subject, after hydrogen energy is obtained, hydrogen needs to be transported to hydrogen-requiring departments such as hydrogenation stations, chemical plants, power stations and the like, and the hydrogen energy transportation is a premise for large-scale commercial development of the hydrogen energy. According to different states of hydrogen energy in the conveying process, the hydrogen conveying mode can be divided into gaseous hydrogen conveying, liquid hydrogen conveying and solid hydrogen conveying. Wherein, the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen transportation is the most mature hydrogen transportation mode at present, and the high-pressure hydrogen can be transported by a pipeline or a long-tube trailer; and the pipeline transportation is the most economical and energy-saving mode for realizing large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transportation.
Two main research directions for pipeline hydrogen transportation exist, one is to utilize the existing natural gas pipe network for hydrogen loading transportation, and the other is to lay a pure hydrogen pipeline. The existing natural gas pipeline network system can be utilized for hydrogen-doped transportation, the construction cost is low, the combustion characteristic of natural gas can be improved, and the existing hydrogen transportation is mainly based on natural gas pipeline hydrogen-doped transportation. However, the problems of unclear related technical mechanism, immature hydrogen-loading separation technology, potential safety hazard and the like exist in the natural gas hydrogen-loading transportation. The pure hydrogen pipeline is used from thirty years of the last century, and in 1938 German Ruhr is built into the earliest global long-distance hydrogen conveying pipeline, the total length of the pipeline is 220 km, the diameter of the pipeline is 100-300 mm, the rated hydrogen conveying pressure is about 2.5 MPa, and the actual working pressure is 1-2 MPa. At present, the total mileage of hydrogen conveying pipelines in the global range exceeds 5000 km, wherein 2720 km hydrogen conveying pipelines are built in the United states, and the total mileage of the existing hydrogen conveying pipelines in China is only less than 500 km. Two hydrogen transportation pipelines are independently constructed in China, namely a holy-long-ridge hydrogen transportation pipeline and a Jiyuan-Luoyang hydrogen transportation pipeline. The whole length of the hydrogen transportation pipeline of the Baling-Changling is about 42 km, the pressure is 4 MPa, the pipeline is built in 2014, is used for providing hydrogen resources for relevant devices of petrochemical enterprises, and is the longest hydrogen transportation pipeline in China at present; the economic-Luoyang hydrogen delivery pipeline has the total length of about 25 km and the pressure of 4 MPa, is built in 2015, is used for delivering hydrogen of a coal hydrogen production project to Luoyang, and realizes effective fusion and advantage complementation of the cross-regional petrochemical industry and the coal chemical industry.
At present, steel pipes are mainly adopted for long-distance pure hydrogen conveying pipelines, and the steel pipe materials mainly comprise typical pipeline steel such as API X42, API X52 and API X65. The pipeline transportation of hydrogen gas requires that gaseous hydrogen is carried out under higher pressure (the highest pressure is 21 MPa), and researches show that in the high-pressure gaseous transportation process, hydrogen can gradually invade and permeate steel, and hydrogen enters the steel to cause hydrogen embrittlement, so that the mechanical property of the steel is reduced, and hydrogen-induced cracks and the like are caused. In addition to hydrogen embrittlement, the steel pipe itself is corroded by the external environment, and the steel pipe is poor in flexibility, so that the steel pipe is inconvenient to produce, transport and construct, and is difficult to effectively resist damage caused by excessive deformation caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and debris flows.
The steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipe is usually used for long-distance transportation of corrosive media such as oil, gas and the like, and mainly comprises a steel wire wound plastic composite pipe and a steel wire mesh framework plastic composite pipe. The steel wire winding plastic composite pipe usually takes thermoplastic high-density polyethylene as a matrix, takes a steel wire winding layer formed by high-strength steel wire inclination angle staggered winding as a reinforcement, and adopts high-performance resin for bonding the steel wire and the polyethylene; the reinforcing pipe of the steel wire mesh framework is similar to the reinforcing pipe of the high-strength steel wire staggered winding pipe in mechanism, and thermoplastic high-density polyethylene is used as a matrix, and the difference is that the reinforcing layer of the reinforcing pipe of the steel wire mesh framework is a steel wire mesh subjected to welding treatment. To ensure the strength of the pipe, steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipes usually require the use of high strength steel wires. As clearly specified in the national standard GB/T32439 'composite pipeline for reinforcing water supply by using steel wire gauze', the strength of the steel wires is more than 1500MPa to 1900 MPa. For example, chinese invention patent CN113146989A, CN103185177B discloses a steel wire stagger-wound reinforced pipe and a steel wire mesh skeleton plastic composite pipe in the prior art, respectively, and further discloses that the steel wire therein is a high-strength steel wire. Research shows that in the steel wire wound plastic composite pipe, the high-strength steel wire is influenced by hydrogen permeation to cause hydrogen embrittlement so as to influence the strength of the pipe; in the steel wire mesh framework plastic composite pipe, the growth rate of fatigue cracks in a welding seam area is higher than that of a base metal, and welded steel wires are sensitive to hydrogen and are easily affected by hydrogen corrosion, so that the strength and the rigidity of the steel wire mesh framework reinforced pipe can be affected. Therefore, the existing steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipe is not suitable for conveying pure hydrogen.
At present, the short-distance hydrogen transportation in the industry mainly adopts a high-pressure hydrogen transportation hose. The high-pressure hydrogen-conveying hose adopts rubber as a pipeline lining material, and a metal wire or other high-strength fiber braided layer is wound outside the rubber lining. For example, japanese patents JP6103088B2 and JP2018066445a disclose two patents of high-pressure hydrogen hoses. JP6103088B2 discloses a hydrogen-transporting hose for hydrogenation of a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises an inner surface layer 2, a reinforcing layer 3 and an outer surface layer 4, wherein the reinforcing layer 3 comprises a first fiber blade layer 3a, a second fiber blade layer 3B and a third fiber blade layer 3c. The hydrogen pressure is relieved by the structure of the multiple reinforcing layers to avoid the invasion of hydrogen, and even if the metal wire M forming the reinforcing layer 3M is hydrogen brittle, the hose performance is not influenced. The lining material of the hydrogen conveying hose is made of materials with good hydrogen compatibility, such as rubber, the performance of the pipeline is hardly influenced by the invasion of hydrogen in the use process, and the flexibility of the rubber material is good, so that the high-pressure hydrogen conveying hose is often used for occasions of hydrogen conveying in a hydrogen refueling station, hydrogen energy automobiles and the like. However, the diameter of the high-pressure hydrogen conveying hose is extremely small (the diameter is less than 32 mm), the flow rate for conveying hydrogen is limited, and the hydrogen conveying hose is expensive, so that the high-pressure hydrogen conveying hose is not suitable for large-scale long-distance conveying of hydrogen.
To sum up, the existing pipe cannot well meet the requirement of a long-distance hydrogen pipeline. The long-distance pipeline hydrogen conveying medium is pure hydrogen or natural hydrogen-doped gas, the pipeline is required not to be influenced by hydrogen brittleness, the size of the pipeline can be ensured to meet the long-distance large-flow conveying requirement, the pipeline needs to have certain flexibility, production, transportation, construction and installation are facilitated, and meanwhile, the pipeline cost is not too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the hydrogen embrittlement-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe is provided to meet the requirement of long-distance pipeline hydrogen transportation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
provided is a method for long-distance transportation of high-pressure hydrogen using a hydrogen embrittlement-resistant wire-reinforced composite pipe, including: a plastic outer layer, a plastic inner layer and a metal wire winding layer; the plastic inner layer is arranged in the plastic outer layer; the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are made of thermoplastic plastics; the metal wire winding layer is arranged between the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer, the metal wire winding layer, the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are bonded through a hot melt adhesive, and the metal wire winding layer is formed by winding a plurality of metal wires in a left-handed or right-handed spiral manner; the metal wires are: at least one of a low carbon steel wire, an aluminum plated steel wire, a copper plated steel wire, or a stainless steel wire; wherein the carbon content of the low-carbon steel wire is lower than 0.25%; the thickness of the aluminized or coppered layer of the aluminized steel wire and the coppered steel wire is more than 20 mu m; the stainless steel wire has metal element contents including: the Ni content is 10.00-14.00%, the Cr content is 16.00-19.00%, and the Mo content is 1.80-2.50%.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the material of the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer is high density polyethylene, and the high density polyethylene comprises the following components: said high densityThe density of the polyethylene is not less than 0.941g/cm 3 。
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer have the same thickness.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the inner and outer plastic layers is at least 3mm.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the metal wire winding layer is formed by at least two layers of metal wires being wound in opposite directions, wherein the number of the metal wire winding layers is at least two and the number of the metal wire winding layers is an even number.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the number of the metal wires in the single-layer metal wire winding layer in the metal wire winding layer is at least 8, the metal wires are uniformly distributed in the pipe, and the distance between the adjacent metal wires is at least 1 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the wire is 0.5 to 3mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot melt adhesive material is a modified high density polyethylene.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention adopts the technical means that the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe is provided, high-density polyethylene is adopted as a composite pipe substrate, the metal wire is wound outside the polyethylene inner layer in a staggered mode to improve the strength of a pipeline, and the metal wire is made of a material which is the hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wire to reduce the influence of hydrogen embrittlement on the mechanical property of the pipeline;
(2) Compared with the traditional method of adopting a steel pipe as a pure hydrogen or natural gas conveying pipeline, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of flexibility, hydrogen embrittlement resistance and corrosion resistance, and greatly reduces the cost in the production, transportation and construction processes;
(2) The invention overcomes the technical prejudice that the traditional steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipe can not be used for large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transportation. The steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipe tends to adopt high-strength steel wires and a steel wire mesh framework, and is generally considered to be easy to permeate and susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, so that the steel wire reinforced plastic composite pipe cannot be used for large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transportation. The invention overcomes the technical prejudice, adopts the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire to strengthen the composite pipe, avoids the influence of hydrogen permeation, hydrogen embrittlement and the like on the mechanical performance of the pipe, and can be used for large-scale and long-distance hydrogen conveying.
Drawings
Reference numerals: 101 outer plastic layer, 102 hot melt adhesive, 103 inner plastic layer, 104 wire wrap layer.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen-embrittlement-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the change in tensile strength of steel No. Q235 and steel No. 45 at different hydrogen concentrations.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the change in fracture toughness for 316 stainless steel and 304 stainless steel at different hydrogen concentrations.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe, comprising: a plastic outer layer, a plastic inner layer and a metal wire winding layer; the plastic inner layer is arranged in the plastic outer layer, and the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are made of thermoplastic plastics.
The pipe made of polyethylene material is widely applied to the fields of municipal water supply and drainage, fuel gas transportation and the like, wherein the maximum work of the high-density polyethylene pipe with the grade of PE100 for transporting the urban fuel gas is 0.8 MPa, and the density is usually not lower than 0.941g/cm 3 . The outlet hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen electrolytic tank is usually above 2MPa, so the existing polyethylene pipe cannot meet the pressure requirement of the hydrogen conveying pipeline. The high-density polyethylene does not generate hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon unlike metal, hydrogen absorbed by the high-density polyethylene exists in the form of diatomic molecules and is not separated as hydrogen in metal, so that the high-density polyethylene has the capability of resisting hydrogen embrittlement and can be used for long-distance hydrogen transmission pipelines. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, high density polyethylene is selected as the matrix of the inner plastic layer and the outer plastic layer. Specifically, the high density polyethylene has a hydrogen permeability of 0.89X 10-9 mol of H2/m.s.MPa.
The pipe made of only high-density polyethylene has insufficient strength to meet the requirement of pipeline hydrogen transportation, so the invention winds metal wires outside the plastic inner layer formed by the high-density polyethylene to improve the strength of the pipeline, the pipeline is loaded by the metal wires and the plastic matrix after the metal wires are wound, and the strength of the pipe wound with the metal wires is improved. The high-strength steel wire cross-wound reinforced pipe and the steel wire mesh framework reinforced pipe which are similar in principle are also provided with the reinforced layer on the inner layer of the thermoplastic plastic, and the high-pressure parameter pipeline with the pressure bearing capacity of more than 6.3 MPa can be realized by reasonably designing the high-strength steel wire cross-wound reinforced pipe and the steel wire mesh framework reinforced pipe through pipes. In the present invention, the wire winding layer is disposed between the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer.
In one embodiment, the invention designs that the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer have the same thickness, and the thicknesses of the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are at least 3mm, so that the instability phenomenon which can occur in the operation of the composite pipe is avoided, and the excessive heat influence on the pipe and the reinforcing layer caused by the temperature difference of the inner layer and the outer layer is prevented by ensuring the thicknesses of the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer.
The plastic layer and the metal wire winding layer of the composite pipe are bonded by hot melt adhesive, and the metal wire material and the high-density polyethylene material of the base body are not compatible, so the plastic layer and the metal wire winding layer are bonded by the hot melt adhesive, so that the metal wire and the high-density polyethylene are cooperatively loaded, and the advantages of the two materials are fully exerted. The hot melt adhesive needs to have excellent bonding performance and barrier performance, and specifically, the hot melt adhesive can be selected from modified high-density polyethylene. In the invention, the metal wire winding layer, the plastic inner layer and the plastic outer layer are bonded through a hot melt adhesive, and the metal wire winding layer is formed by winding a plurality of metal wires in a left-handed or right-handed spiral manner.
In one embodiment, the metal wire winding layer is further optimized and designed, and is formed by winding at least two layers of metal wires in opposite directions in a staggered mode, wherein the number of the metal wire winding layers is even. The staggered winding arrangement of the metal wires can optimize the stress condition of the pipe during bearing. The invention designs a single-layer metal wire winding layer with at least 8 metal wires wound, and controls the distance between the metal wires to be larger than 1 mm, thereby ensuring that the metal wires can be stressed uniformly when bearing, and ensuring that a hot melt adhesive can completely wrap the metal wires through the gaps of the metal wires to play a role in bonding.
As a hydrogen conveying pipeline, the conveying medium is pure hydrogen, and the pipeline is required to have hydrogen embrittlement resistance. The phenomenon that hydrogen permeates into the pipe can occur in the process of pipeline transportation, so that the metal wire wound in the invention adopts a hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wire, the phenomenon that the metal wire is hydrogen embrittlement in the process of long-term use of the composite pipe is avoided, and the mechanical property of the pipe is reduced. The hydrogen permeability of the high density polyethylene was 0.89X 10-9 mol H 2 The hydrogen gas can slowly permeate into the plastic matrix of the composite pipe in the term of/m.s.MPa, and the metal material of the reinforcing layer can be gradually affected by hydrogen corrosion in the long-term accumulation process of pipeline transportation. The research of the inventor shows that the low-carbon steel wire, the aluminum-plated or copper-plated steel wire and the stainless steel wire have the hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and the high-strength steel wire has obviously reduced mechanical property after hydrogen corrosion due to high carbon content.
In contrast, according to the invention, through a mechanical property comparison experiment of different hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wire materials in a hydrogen environment, three hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wires are finally selected: (1) Low-carbon steel wire, wherein the carbon content of the low-carbon steel wire is less than 0.25%; (2) The aluminum plated or copper plated steel wire is plated with aluminum or copper on the surface of the common high-strength steel wire, and the thickness of the aluminum plated layer is more than 20 mu m; (3) The stainless steel wire controls the content of metal elements in the steel, wherein the content of Ni is 10.00-14.00%, the content of Cr is 16.00-19.00%, and the content of Mo is 1.80-2.50%. In addition, considering that the mechanical property of the hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel wire is weaker than that of the common high-strength steel wire, the diameter of the metal wire is selected to be 0.5-3 mm, so that the bearing capacity of the metal wire is ensured, and the strength failure of the metal wire is avoided.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the tensile strength changes of Q235 steel (containing about 0.17% -0.25%) and No. 45 steel (containing about 0.45%) under different hydrogen concentrations, and it can be seen that the tensile strength of both steels fluctuates with the increase of the hydrogen concentration. However, the comparison shows that the tensile strength of steel No. 45 fluctuates more with increasing hydrogen concentration, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is 23 MPa, while the difference between the Q235 steel is 15 MPa. In the two kinds of steel, the Q235 carbon content is lower, and meanwhile, research shows that the mechanical property of the steel is reduced more when the carbon content is higher in a hydrogen environment, and the mechanical property of low-carbon steel is not obviously reduced in the hydrogen environment, so that the hydrogen-brittleness resistant metal wire can select low-carbon steel with the carbon content lower than 0.25% as a material.
In another embodiment, the hydrogen embrittlement-resistant steel wire is an aluminum plated or copper plated steel wire, and particularly, the surface of the common high-strength steel wire is plated with aluminum or copper and the thickness of the aluminum plated layer is more than 20 mu m. The mechanical property test of the steel wire plated with aluminum or copper in a hydrogen environment shows that the steel wire plated with aluminum or copper is hardly affected by hydrogen corrosion. The principle is that the aluminum plating layer or the copper plating layer can form a protective layer on the surface of the steel wire to isolate the penetration of hydrogen to the steel wire, so the hydrogen-brittleness resistant metal wire can select the aluminum plating layer or the copper plating layer of the high-strength steel wire. Experimental studies have further shown that the protective effect of the coating on the steel wire can be ensured when the thickness of the aluminized or coppered layer is above 20 μm.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the variation of J integral of 316 stainless steel and 304 stainless steel at different hydrogen concentrations, wherein J integral is used to characterize the fracture toughness of the materials, and it can be seen that the fracture toughness of both steels decreases with increasing hydrogen concentration, but comparing the two steels shows that the toughness of 304 stainless steel decreases more sharply in a hydrogen environment, while the fracture toughness of 316 stainless steel decreases less. Meanwhile, another study is combined to know that hydrogen has certain influence on the toughness of the stainless steel, and the influence of the hydrogen on the mechanical property of the steel can be reduced by controlling metal elements in the stainless steel. For example, the nickel content in stainless steel can affect the martensite content in the steel and thus the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the steel. The research shows that the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire can be a stainless steel metal wire, and the metal content is controlled, wherein the Ni content is 10.00-14.00%, the Cr content is 16.00-19.00%, and the Mo content is 1.80-2.50%.
The application of the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the actual production and operation scenarios of the hydrogen transportation pipeline.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention can be used for constructing long-distance and large-scale hydrogen transportation pipeline systems. The length of a hydrogen pipeline in the existing hydrogen transportation pipeline in China is longest, and the hydrogen pipeline runs stably for 7 years at present. The designed pipe diameter of the ba ling-Chang Ling hydrogen pipeline is 350 mm. The same design dimensions were used instead of the composite tube of the present invention. The design size of the composite pipe obtained by designing the composite pipe according to the relevant parameters of the invention is as follows, the nominal diameter of the composite pipe is 355 mm, the thickness of the plastic inner layer is 10 mm, the thickness of the plastic outer layer is 10 mm, the high-density polyethylene material of PE100 is used as a matrix, the calculated strength is 25 MPa, and the lower limit value of the tensile strength of the metal wire material is 1850 MPa when the aluminum-plated high-strength steel wire with the diameter of 1.5 mm is selected. The metal wire winding layer has 4 layers of metal wires which are wound in a staggered mode, each layer is provided with 160 metal wires, and the winding angle of the metal wires is 30 degrees. And calculating and predicting the annular bursting pressure and the axial bursting pressure of the composite pipe by a force balance method. The burst pressure calculation formula is as follows:
whereindIn order to be the diameter of the steel wire,Nthe total number of the wound steel wires is,
the inner radius of the composite pipe is the inner radius of the composite pipe,
the outer radius of the composite pipe is the outer radius of the composite pipe,
is an included angle between the winding direction of the steel wire and the axial direction,Kis a coefficient of
Is the limit of the strength of the steel wire,
the strength was calculated for polyethylene. Respectively calculating to obtain the annular bursting pressure of the composite pipe
30.44 MPa, axial bursting pressure
Is 6.78 MPa. The burst pressure of the composite pipe is the minimum value, so that the burst pressure of the composite pipe is 6.78 MPa.
The service life of the composite pipe is designed to be more than 50 years, and the service life of the composite pipe can not be obtained through experimental tests by conventional means, so that an evaluation index of the long-term performance of the composite pipe can be established by analyzing the load distribution condition of the composite pipe in the service process. The composite pipe is mainly loaded by the metal wire reinforced layer in the service process, and the base material gradually relaxes along with the increase of the service time. Therefore, the composite pipe of the present invention needs a long-term performance prediction method matched with the structure of the composite pipe. According to the research of the long-term performance analysis of the existing composite pipeline, the relationship between the long-term performance and the short-term test blasting pressure of the composite pipe can be established, so that the blasting pressure of the composite pipe is required to be more than 3 times of the nominal pressure, and the composite pipe can be considered to have enough long-term mechanical performance for over 50 years when the relationship is satisfied.
The burst pressure of the composite pipe designed in the embodiment is 6.78 MPa, which is more than three times of the nominal pressure 2MPa, so that the composite pipe designed in the embodiment can meet the requirement of long-term hydrogen transportation, and can replace a metal pipe with the same design requirement to bear the work of long-term hydrogen transportation.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the invention can be used for building a town hydrogen pipe network system, and the composite pipe is designed according to the relevant parameters of the invention and is used for a town hydrogen transportation pipe network. The nominal pressure is 2MPa required by the pressure of the hydrogen pipeline, and the nominal diameter is 160 mm which is a typical town gas pipeline diameter. The designed composite pipe has the following relevant dimensions that the thickness of the plastic inner layer is 10 mm, the thickness of the plastic outer layer is 10 mm, a PE100 high-density polyethylene material is used as a matrix, the calculated strength is 25 MPa, and a metal wire material is a low-carbon steel wire with the diameter of 1 mmThe lower limit of tensile strength is 780 MPa. The metal wire winding layer has 2 layers of metal wires which are wound in a staggered mode, each layer is provided with 36 metal wires, and the winding angle of the metal wires is 20 degrees. The annular burst pressure and the axial burst pressure of the composite pipe were calculated by the same force balance method as in the first example. Calculating the result to obtain the annular bursting pressure of the composite pipe
17.17 MPa, axial bursting pressure
Is 6.39 MPa. The minimum value of the burst pressure of the composite pipe is selected, so that the burst pressure of the composite pipe is 6.39 MPa, and the requirement that the burst pressure is 3 times greater than the nominal pressure of 2MPa is met, and therefore the pipe designed by the invention can be used for paving a town hydrogen conveying pipe network system.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for long distance transport of high pressure hydrogen gas utilizing a hydrogen embrittlement resistant wire reinforced composite pipe comprising: a plastic outer layer (101), a plastic inner layer (103) and a metal wire winding layer (104);
the inner plastic layer (103) is arranged inside the outer plastic layer (101); the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101) are made of thermoplastic plastics;
the metal wire winding layer (104) is arranged between the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101), the metal wire winding layer (104) is bonded with the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101) through a hot melt adhesive (102), and the metal wire winding layer (104) is formed by winding a plurality of metal wires in a left-handed or right-handed spiral manner;
it is characterized in that the metal wire is as follows: low-carbon steel wire; wherein the carbon content of the low-carbon steel wire is lower than 0.25%;
the metal wire winding layer (104) is formed by winding at least two layers of metal wires in opposite directions in a staggered mode, and the number of the metal wire winding layer (104) is even;
the number of the metal wires of the metal wire winding layer (104) is at least 8, and the distance between every two adjacent metal wires is at least 1 mm;
the material of the hot melt adhesive (102) comprises modified high-density polyethylene, and the hot melt adhesive (102) completely wraps the metal wires through the gaps of the metal wires;
the bursting pressure of the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe is more than three times of the nominal pressure;
the blast pressure calculation formula of the hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe is as follows:
whereindIn order to be the diameter of the steel wire,Nthe total number of the wound steel wires is,
the inner radius of the composite pipe is the inner radius of the composite pipe,
the outer radius of the composite pipe is the outer radius of the composite pipe,
is an included angle between the winding direction of the steel wire and the axial direction,Kis a coefficient of
Is the limit of the strength of the steel wire,
the strength is calculated for the polyethylene,
is the annular bursting pressure of the blast pipe,
and taking the minimum value of the annular blasting pressure and the axial blasting pressure as the axial blasting pressure.
2. The method for long distance transportation of high pressure hydrogen using hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe according to claim 1, wherein the material of the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101) comprises high density polyethylene having a density of not less than 0.941g/cm 3 。
3. The method for long distance transportation of high pressure hydrogen gas using hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe according to claim 1, wherein the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101) have the same thickness.
4. The method for long distance transportation of high pressure hydrogen using hydrogen embrittlement resistant wire reinforced composite pipe according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the plastic inner layer (103) and the plastic outer layer (101) is at least 3mm.
5. The method for transporting high pressure hydrogen gas over long distances using a hydrogen embrittlement resistant wire reinforced composite pipe according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the wire is between 0.5mm and 3mm.
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| CN202210292935.6A CN114396512B (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Method for long-distance conveying high-pressure hydrogen by using hydrogen-brittleness-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe |
| PCT/CN2022/141778 WO2023179138A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-12-26 | Hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe |
| US18/099,101 US20230304611A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2023-01-19 | Anti-hydrogen embrittlement wire reinforced composite pipe |
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| CN202210292935.6A CN114396512B (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Method for long-distance conveying high-pressure hydrogen by using hydrogen-brittleness-resistant metal wire reinforced composite pipe |
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| CN116753368B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2024-01-16 | 浙江大学 | Composite pipe capable of preventing hydrogen permeation bulge, design method of composite pipe and hydrogen transmission pipe network |
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| JP2005002386A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-01-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Steel for use in high-pressure hydrogen environment, steel tube made thereof, and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN213712148U (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-07-16 | 山东亚塑管道科技有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant steel wire framework polyethylene plastic composite pipe |
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| FR2661194B1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1993-08-13 | Coflexip | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING STEEL WIRES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FLEXIBLE CONDUITS, STEEL WIRES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS AND FLEXIBLE CONDUITS REINFORCED BY SUCH WIRES. |
| JP2005030512A (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-03 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Fluid transportation pipe |
| EP1718780A1 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2006-11-08 | NV Bekaert SA | High-carbon steel wire with nickel sub coating |
| WO2010121383A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Flexpipe Systems Inc. | Metal cord reinforced flexible pipe |
| JP5412202B2 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2014-02-12 | 日本精線株式会社 | High strength stainless steel wire with excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance and stainless steel molded product using the same |
| DE102010048562A1 (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-04-19 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Method for transporting hydrogen through a natural gas pipeline |
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| JP2005002386A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-01-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Steel for use in high-pressure hydrogen environment, steel tube made thereof, and manufacturing method therefor |
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