CN114393667B - Preparation method of glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard - Google Patents
Preparation method of glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard Download PDFInfo
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- CN114393667B CN114393667B CN202210195847.4A CN202210195847A CN114393667B CN 114393667 B CN114393667 B CN 114393667B CN 202210195847 A CN202210195847 A CN 202210195847A CN 114393667 B CN114393667 B CN 114393667B
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 56
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 40
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000004738 parenchymal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
- B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/06—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood powder or sawdust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard, which comprises the following steps: crushing a bamboo tube harvested in spring and summer to obtain bamboo powder; or/and crushing the bamboo remainder to obtain a crushed material, adding water, stirring, standing, respectively collecting upper and lower layer substances, and drying to obtain powder A and powder B; paving the bamboo powder to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; or mixing the powder A and bamboo powder into mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on the lower layer, paving the bamboo powder on the middle layer, and paving the mixed powder on the upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; or mixing the powder A and the powder B to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on the lower layer, paving the bamboo powder on the middle layer, and paving the mixed powder on the upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; and hot-pressing the hot-pressed material to obtain the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board. According to the invention, the bamboo fiber is not required to be separated from the bamboo material independently, and the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is prepared without pretreatment and addition of an adhesive, so that a better gluing effect is achieved, the utilization rate of the bamboo material is improved, and the process is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard.
Background
The bamboo material has different structures with other plants, is a fiber composite material taking bamboo fibers as a reinforcing phase and parenchyma cells as a matrix, and generally contains about 40 percent of bamboo fibers, 50 percent of parenchyma cells and 10 percent of ducts, wherein the parenchyma cells and the fibers have different chemical compositions and structures. Parenchymal cells have a higher cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content than fibers. The thin-walled cell wall is thin, the cavity is large, the fiber cell wall is thick, and the cavity is small. Generally, the parenchyma cells contain starch, and meanwhile, because the mechanical property of the parenchyma cells is much lower than that of fibers, the conventional bamboo fiber board separates bamboo fibers from bamboo materials by decomposing or destroying the parenchyma cells (the bamboo materials contain 40% of fibers and 50% of parenchyma cells), so that the process is complex, the energy consumption is high, and the utilization rate of the materials is low. Meanwhile, the existing bamboo fiberboard processing process needs to use an adhesive or an additive as a bonding material, or needs to carry out pretreatment on bamboo fibers, such as steam explosion or acid-base pretreatment, and then prepares the self-bonding fiberboard. The materials using the adhesive generally have the problems of high cost and formaldehyde release, and the glued plate is difficult to recycle; the self-glued fiber board prepared by pretreatment has high cost and poor board performance, and a lot of performance does not reach the standard, so that large-scale application is difficult.
Meanwhile, bamboo processing enterprises, particularly bamboo bundle processing enterprises and recombined bamboo processing enterprises, reserve fibers in bamboo, remove a part of parenchyma cells to prepare bamboo bundles, and processing residues contain a large amount of parenchyma cells and a small part of fibers, are usually directly burnt as waste materials, and cannot be converted into high-value plates.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a glue-free formed bamboo fiber board aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method does not need to separate bamboo fibers from bamboo materials, but processes the bamboo materials into bamboo powder which contains the bamboo fibers and thin-walled cells and has certain granular shapes, the special structure and chemical components of the thin-walled cells and starch are utilized to perform a gluing effect under certain conditions, and the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is prepared under the conditions of no pretreatment and no addition of any adhesive, so that a better gluing effect can be achieved, the utilization rate of the bamboo materials can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the process is simple, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing a glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in spring and summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
the starch content in the bamboo tube harvested in spring and summer is about 5% -20%, and the preparation of the non-glue forming bamboo fiber board is realized by utilizing the bonding property of the starch in the prepared bamboo powder; the bamboo powder is granulated and contains parenchyma cells and bamboo fibers;
or/and crushing the bamboo remainder to obtain crushed materials with the granularity of 80-120 meshes, then adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 5-15 min, respectively collecting the upper floating substance and the lower precipitated substance, drying at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, drying the upper floating substance to obtain powder A, and drying the lower precipitated substance to obtain powder B;
wherein the floating substance at the upper layer is parenchyma cells, and the precipitate substance at the lower layer is fiber;
s2, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 into a mold to obtain a material to be hot-pressed;
or mixing the powder A obtained in the step S1 with the powder in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on the lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 on the middle layer, finally mixing the powder A obtained in the step S1 with the powder in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, and paving the mixed powder on the upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the plate obtained by the paving mode is paved by mixed powder obtained by mixing the powder A and the bamboo powder on the upper layer and the lower layer, namely the mixed powder with high parenchyma cell content, and has smooth surface, luster and good water resistance;
or mixing the powder A and the powder B obtained in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on the lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 on the middle layer, and paving the mixed powder on the upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the powder B in the mixed powder is (1.5-2.3): 1; the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the paving mode are paved by mixed powder, the mixed powder realizes better bonding effect and mechanical property by mixing the thin-wall cells and the fibers again according to a proportion, and the reutilization of bamboo residues is realized;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 15-40 min at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ and under the pressure of 10-20 MPa to obtain the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard.
Preferably, the moisture content of the bamboo powder, the powder A and the powder B in the S1 is 30-70%.
Preferably, in S2, when the material to be hot-pressed is composed of powder a and bamboo powder or when the material to be hot-pressed is composed of powder a, powder B and bamboo powder, the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1: (1-3): 1.
preferably, the bonding strength in the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board in S3 is 0.45MPa to 0.8MPa, the static bending strength is 8MPa to 18MPa, the elastic modulus is 2512MPa to 5671MPa, and the water absorption thickness expansion rate is 9 percent to 20 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, bamboo fibers are not required to be separated from bamboo materials independently, the bamboo materials are processed into certain particles, the particle bamboo materials simultaneously contain the bamboo fibers and thin-wall cells, fillers among the fibers are formed during large hot pressing of a thin-wall cavity, the crushed rough surfaces formed by breaking the cavity form a mechanical locking effect between the fibers during the hot pressing, starch particles are contained in the thin-wall cells, micro starch glue nails are formed during the hot pressing, the thin-wall cells contain more lignin and semi-fibers than the fibers, the lignin is melted and flows during the hot pressing process, the hemicellulose is solidified after the temperature is reduced, the hemicellulose is heated and decomposed into polysaccharide and forms aldehydes, high polymers which are easy to form with the lignin, further gluing is realized, the chemical components and the starch have the gluing effect under certain conditions by utilizing the characteristic structure of the thin-wall cells and the characteristics of the chemical components, the gluing effect is realized under certain conditions, the glue-free forming bamboo fiber board is prepared without any pretreatment effect and any adhesive, the better gluing effect can be realized, the utilization rate of the bamboo materials can be greatly improved, meanwhile, the process is simple, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced and the production cost is reduced.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the bamboo microstructure of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the bamboo powder of the pulverized bamboo material of example 1.
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of parenchyma cells (i.e., powder A) separated after pulverization in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of the pulverized and separated fiber (i.e., powder B) of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the outer surface of the formed bamboo fiberboard without glue prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an optical microscope photograph of the outer surface of the formed bamboo fiberboard without glue prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a topographical view of a non-glued formed bamboo fiberboard prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the non-glued molded bamboo fiberboard prepared in example 1 of the present invention after being soaked in water for 24 hours.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in spring festival along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
the starch content in the bamboo tube harvested in spring and summer is high and is about 10-20%, and the preparation of the non-glue forming bamboo fiberboard is realized by utilizing the bonding property of the starch in the prepared bamboo powder;
crushing the bamboo remainder to obtain crushed materials with the granularity of 80-120 meshes, then adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 5min, respectively collecting upper-layer floating substances and lower-layer precipitated substances, drying at the temperature of 30 ℃, drying the upper-layer floating substances to obtain powder A, and drying the lower-layer precipitated substances to obtain powder B;
the water content of the bamboo powder, the powder A and the powder B is 30%;
s2, mixing the powder A and the powder B obtained in the S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 on an intermediate layer, and paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the powder B in the mixed powder is 1.5:1;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1:1:1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 15min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 20MPa to obtain the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is 4.1mm, and the density of the board is 1.0g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength is 0.8MPa, the static bending strength is 16.5MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate is 12.4 percent, and the elastic modulus is 4235MPa.
The mixed material of the powder A (namely, parenchyma cells) and the powder B (namely, fibers) is easy to form good combination on the surface of the plate because the content of the powder A is far more than that of the powder B, so the powder A and the powder B are paved on the upper surface and the lower surface which are relatively stressed, and the performance of the plate is favorably improved.
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a microstructure of bamboo, wherein the position of a picture frame is a parenchyma cell, and granular substances in the parenchyma cell are starch. Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1, the left drawing in fig. 2 is a parenchyma cell in bamboo wood, a granular substance in the parenchyma cell is starch in the drawing, and the right drawing in fig. 2 is a fiber drawing in bamboo wood. Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of bamboo powder obtained after bamboo crushing, fig. 4 is a crushed and separated parenchyma cell (i.e. powder a), (wherein, a is a parenchyma cell particle, b is an enlarged view of a single parenchyma cell particle, c is a starch particle in a parenchyma cell cavity, d is a single parenchyma morphology, and e is a local enlarged view of a single parenchyma cell).
Fig. 5 shows the pulverized and separated fiber (i.e. powder B), (where a is the bamboo fiber particle, B is the morphology of the single-strand bamboo fiber, and c is the enlarged surface of the single-strand bamboo fiber), and it can be seen that the fiber has excellent strength, can perform a mechanical reinforcing effect during the hot-pressing process, forms a good bond with the parenchyma cells, and has good mechanical strength.
The filler between fibers is formed during large hot pressing of the thin-wall cavity, the surface roughness formed by crushing the cavity after crushing forms a mechanical locking effect between the fibers during the hot pressing, starch particles are contained in thin-wall cells, and the micro starch glue nail is formed during the hot pressing, so that the internal combination of the plate is facilitated, and the plate has better mechanical property and dimensional stability.
The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of the parenchyma cell (namely the powder A) are respectively 34.98%, 22.12% and 30.97%, and starch also exists in the parenchyma cell; the cellulose content, the hemicellulose content and the lignin content of the conventional bamboo fiber without the parenchyma tissue (namely the powder B) are 41.84, 19.31 and 26.58 percent respectively, and the conventional bamboo fiber without the parenchyma tissue does not contain starch. In the conventional plate preparation method, the parenchyma cells are usually removed, the bamboo fibers are reserved, the operation method is complicated, and the waste of raw materials is caused.
Under the action of moisture and heat, starch grains are scattered among different particles, heated and pasted to form individual micro glue nails, and the bonding effect is achieved.
The upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the paving mode of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard are respectively paved by mixed powder, the mixed powder is used for realizing better bonding effect and mechanical property by mixing the parenchyma cells and the fibers in proportion again, and the recycling of bamboo residues is realized.
The scanning electron microscope image of the outer surface of the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 6, the fibers are filled with parenchymal cells to play an important interface bonding role, the optical microscope image of the outer surface is shown in fig. 7, the bamboo fibers are in a strip shape, the white small particles are parenchymal cells, and the bamboo fibers and the parenchymal cells are well bonded. The appearance of the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board is shown in figure 8, and the surface is smooth and fine.
The morphology of the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard prepared in the embodiment after being soaked in water for 24 hours is shown in fig. 9, the left graph a shows the morphology of the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard prepared in the embodiment after being soaked in water for 24 hours, the bonding performance of the board after absorbing water is good, and the deformation rate is low, while the right graph B shows the morphology of the board prepared by the same process only by using the powder B after being soaked for 24 hours, the interior of the board is cracked and the board is greatly expanded and deformed after being soaked in water for 24 hours.
Example 2
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
crushing the bamboo remainder to obtain crushed materials with the granularity of 80-120 meshes, then adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 15min, respectively collecting upper-layer floating substances and lower-layer precipitated substances, drying at the temperature of 60 ℃, drying the upper-layer floating substances to obtain powder A, and drying the lower-layer precipitated substances to obtain powder B;
the water content of the bamboo powder, the powder A and the powder B is 70%;
s2, mixing the powder A and the powder B obtained in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 on a middle layer, and paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the powder B in the mixed powder is 2.3:1;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1:3:1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 40min at the temperature of 220 ℃ and under the pressure of 10MPa to obtain the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is 4.5mm, and the density of the board is 1.0g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength is 0.7MPa, the static bending strength is 18MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate is 12 percent, and the elastic modulus is 2536MPa.
Example 3
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube harvested in spring along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the bamboo tubes into powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
the water content of the bamboo powder is 40%;
s2, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 into a mold to obtain a material to be hot-pressed;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 15min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and under the pressure of 20MPa to obtain the non-adhesive formed bamboo fiberboard.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is 4.26mm, and the density of the board is 0.90g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength was 0.45MPa, the static bending strength was 8MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate was 14.3%, and the elastic modulus was 5671MPa.
In this embodiment, bamboo powder (obtained by pulverizing bamboo containing 50% of parenchyma cells and 40% of fibers) is used, and the parenchyma cells and the fiber particles in the sheet are combined with each other under the action of water and heat to form the sheet.
Example 4
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the bamboo tubes into bamboo powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
the water content of the bamboo powder is 60%;
s2, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 into a mold to obtain a material to be hot-pressed;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 40min at the temperature of 220 ℃ and under the pressure of 15MPa to obtain the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard.
The thickness of the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board prepared in the embodiment is 4.4mm, and the density of the board is 0.9g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength is 0.57MPa, the static bending strength is 10.5MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate is 12 percent, and the elastic modulus is 3215MPa.
Example 5
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube harvested in spring festival along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into bamboo powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
crushing the bamboo remainder to a particle size of 80-120 meshes to obtain a crushed material, adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 10min, respectively collecting an upper floating substance and a lower precipitated substance, drying at a temperature of 50 ℃, and drying the upper floating substance to obtain powder A;
the water content of the bamboo powder and the water content of the powder A are both 40%;
s2, mixing the powder A obtained in the S1 with the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 on a middle layer, and finally paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the bamboo powder in the mixed powder is 0.5;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1:2:1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 15min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and under the pressure of 20MPa to obtain the non-adhesive formed bamboo fiberboard.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the glue-free formed bamboo fiber board is 4.4mm, and the density of the board is 1.0g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength was 0.56MPa, the static bending strength was 15MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate was 15%, and the elastic modulus was 2512MPa.
The upper layer and the lower layer of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard prepared by the embodiment are formed by paving the powder A, namely the mixture of the parenchyma cells and the bamboo powder, the added powder A (parenchyma cells) further enhances the combination of the promotion particles, the surface of the board is smooth, the gloss is good, the water resistance is good, and the prepared board can be used as an indoor decoration material.
Example 6
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the bamboo tubes into bamboo powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
crushing the bamboo remainder to 80-120 meshes to obtain crushed materials, then adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 30min, respectively collecting upper-layer floating substances and lower-layer precipitated substances, drying at the temperature of 60 ℃, and drying the upper-layer floating substances to obtain powder A;
the water content of the bamboo powder and the powder A is 70 percent;
s2, mixing the powder A obtained in the S1 with the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 on a middle layer, and finally paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the bamboo powder in the mixed powder is 2.3;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1:2.5:1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 40min at the temperature of 220 ℃ and under the pressure of 13MPa to obtain the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard.
The thickness of the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board prepared in the embodiment is 4.5mm, and the density of the board is 1.2g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength is 0.68MPa, the static bending strength is 18MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate is 20 percent, and the elastic modulus is 3316MPa.
Example 7
The preparation method of the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube harvested in summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into bamboo powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
crushing the bamboo remainder to a particle size of 80-120 meshes to obtain a crushed material, adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 30min, respectively collecting an upper floating substance and a lower precipitated substance, drying at a temperature of 60 ℃, and drying the upper floating substance to obtain powder A;
the water content of the bamboo powder and the powder A is 50%;
s2, mixing the powder A obtained in the S1 with the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 on an intermediate layer, and finally paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the bamboo powder in the mixed powder is 2;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1:1.5:1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 20min at the temperature of 200 ℃ and under the pressure of 15MPa to obtain the non-glue formed bamboo fiberboard.
The thickness of the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board prepared by the embodiment is 4.7mm, and the density of the board is 1.17g/mm 3 The internal bonding strength was 0.69MPa, the static bending strength was 17MPa, the water absorption thickness expansion rate was 9%, and the elastic modulus was 3327MPa.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing a glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, splitting a bamboo tube felled in spring and summer along the grain direction, processing the bamboo tube into blocks, and then crushing the blocks into powder with the granularity of 80-400 meshes to obtain bamboo powder;
or/and crushing the bamboo remainder to obtain crushed materials with the granularity of 80-120 meshes, then adding water, mixing and stirring, standing for 5-15 min, respectively collecting the upper floating substance and the lower precipitated substance, drying at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, drying the upper floating substance to obtain powder A, and drying the lower precipitated substance to obtain powder B;
the water content of the bamboo powder, the powder A and the powder B is 30-70%;
s2, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the S1 into a mold to obtain a material to be hot-pressed;
or mixing the powder A obtained in the step S1 with the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on a lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 on an intermediate layer, and finally paving the mixed powder on an upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the bamboo powder in the mixed powder is (0.5-1.5) to 1;
or mixing the powder A and the powder B obtained in the step S1 to obtain mixed powder, paving the mixed powder on the lower layer, paving the bamboo powder obtained in the step S1 on the middle layer, and paving the mixed powder on the upper layer to obtain a material to be hot-pressed; the mass ratio of the powder A to the powder B in the mixed powder is (1.5-2.3): 1;
when the material to be hot-pressed consists of powder A and bamboo powder or when the material to be hot-pressed consists of powder A, powder B and bamboo powder, the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the lower layer, the bamboo powder of the middle layer and the mixed powder of the upper layer in the material to be hot-pressed is 1: (1-3): 1;
and S3, hot-pressing the material to be hot-pressed obtained in the S2 for 15-40 min at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ and under the pressure of 10-20 MPa to obtain the glue-free formed bamboo fiberboard.
2. The method for preparing the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the non-glue formed bamboo fiber board has an internal bonding strength of 0.45MPa to 0.8MPa, a static bending strength of 8MPa to 18MPa, an elastic modulus of 2512MPa to 5671MPa, and a water absorption thickness expansion rate of 9% to 20%.
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Effective date of registration: 20240509 Address after: 354200 No.1, longtaiyuan, Xushi Town, Jianyang District, Nanping City, Fujian Province Patentee after: Longzhu Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Longpan road Xuanwu District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 159 210037 Patentee before: NANJING FORESTRY University Country or region before: China |