CN114393194A - Production method of stainless steel composite plate steel plate - Google Patents
Production method of stainless steel composite plate steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114393194A CN114393194A CN202111663701.XA CN202111663701A CN114393194A CN 114393194 A CN114393194 A CN 114393194A CN 202111663701 A CN202111663701 A CN 202111663701A CN 114393194 A CN114393194 A CN 114393194A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a stainless steel composite plate steel plate, which comprises the working procedures of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling. The invention adopts a melting method to produce the stainless steel composite plate, and the reasonable vacuum melting chamber is used for casting, thereby ensuring the quality of the composite plate, avoiding surface cracks, directly casting the steel plate into a finished product, and not needing heating and rolling. The invention adopts a vacuum melting casting process, realizes the production of the stainless steel composite plate with the maximum thickness of 20mm, and has extremely high production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a production method of a stainless steel composite plate steel plate.
Background
The stainless steel composite board is mainly formed by hot rolling and compounding stainless steel serving as a coating layer and carbon steel serving as a base layer. At present, it has become the most used layered composite material in the world. The stainless steel alloy can not only exert the corrosion resistance, the wear resistance, the high temperature resistance and the magnetic resistance of a stainless steel layer, but also exert the good weldability, the formability, the drawability and the heat conductivity of a carbon steel base layer.
The mainstream production method of the stainless steel composite plate comprises explosion cladding and rolling cladding. However, the two methods have the following problems that (1) the production process is long, both explosion and rolling composite need to use an original continuous casting blank, or a rolled steel plate to perform explosion, or a welding composite method to manufacture a composite original blank, and corresponding rolling is performed in the later period, so that the later-period production process is long, and factors influencing the performance of a composite layer are increased; (2) the covering with the width of more than 3000mm cannot be performed, the secondary flat welding is needed for producing stainless steel composite plates by a plurality of wide explosion cladding at present, and the performance of the welding position of the steel plates is greatly reduced. Rolling processes produce wider composite panels subject to the capabilities of steel mill mills. (3) The composite layer performance of the steel plate produced by the two composite methods is influenced by too many factors of a blank making process, a rolling process and an explosion process, so that the performance is fluctuated, and the performance of the composite layer is not good, such as bonding rate and shear strength.
Therefore, the stainless steel composite board with large width and excellent performance is developed, and has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a production method of a stainless steel composite plate steel plate, which enables the steel plate to have good comprehensive performance and good plate shape through the production process design of the stainless steel composite plate, meets the excellent production requirements of users on the stainless steel composite plate, and has wide application prospect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a production method of a stainless steel composite plate steel plate comprises the working procedures of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling;
(1) the steel plate smelting process comprises the following steps: when smelting a mother plate, initially smelting molten steel and then sending the molten steel into an LF furnace for refining; when the Al content of molten steel smelting is 0.015-0.030% and the S content is less than or equal to 0.003% after refining, carrying out vacuum treatment on a ladle VD furnace, and adding a pure calcium wire with the dosage of 100 plus materials per ton of steel before vacuum degassing treatment of the VD furnace; when stainless steel is smelted, an AOD furnace is adopted for production;
(2) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 20-25mm larger than the actual production thickness; the molten steel of the mother board material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at the casting speed of 2-4t/min and the vacuum degree of 0.01-0.1Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented;
(3) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 1-2mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out; simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried;
(4) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.001-0.01Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of a casting groove to the actual production thickness; the casting speed is 0.5-1.5t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 300-400L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
According to the cooling process after casting, the cast material is lifted out of a casting groove and is stacked and slowly cooled for 12-24 hours.
The step (2) of the invention is a molten steel vacuum casting process: before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 200-300L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 20-26 ℃.
The steel plate leveling process disclosed by the invention has the advantages that after the steel plate is stacked, the steel plate needs to be subjected to cold straightening treatment, and the unevenness is ensured to be less than or equal to 5 mm/m. According to the performance requirement of the mother plate, a proper heat treatment process can be selected to improve the performance.
The thickness of the composite steel plate produced by the method is 5-20 mm.
The composite plate steel plate produced by the method has the bonding rate of 100 percent and the shear strength of more than or equal to 280Mpa, and the flaw detection conforms to GB/T2970-2016I grade.
The method of the invention can produce the composite board with the width of 1500-.
The invention is suitable for stainless steel composite plate products with steel grades of common carbon and low alloy series.
The production method of the invention is direct melt contact (atom contact), so that the composite layer has excellent performance. The vacuum casting process is matched, so that the absorption of hydrogen and nitrogen during the casting of the steel plate can be greatly reduced, and the internal quality (flaw detection qualification rate including composite layer flaw detection) and the bonding capability are improved. Meanwhile, the inclusion can be reduced and the quality of the steel plate can be improved by reasonably controlling the casting speed of the vacuum chamber and other technical parameters.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: 1. the invention adopts a melting method to produce the stainless steel composite plate, and the reasonable vacuum melting chamber is used for casting, thereby ensuring the composite blank-making quality, avoiding surface cracks, directly casting the steel plate into a finished product, and not needing heating and rolling. 2. The invention adopts a vacuum melting casting process to realize the production of the stainless steel composite plate with the maximum thickness of 20mm, the product meets the performance requirements of GB/T8165-2008, wherein the bonding rate is 100%, the shear strength is not less than 280Mpa, the internal and external bending is qualified, and the flaw detection conforms to GB/T2970-2016I grade. 3. The invention does not need to heat and roll the blank, has extremely low production cost and short production flow, thereby having extremely high production efficiency of the composite board.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The dimensions (thickness, width, length) of a stainless steel composite plate according to this example were: 5mm (0.5mm +4.5mm) 1500mm 5000mm, the steel grade is 304+ Q235B.
The production method comprises the following steps of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling, and the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) a steel plate smelting process: when the mother plate is smelted, the molten steel is initially smelted and then sent into an LF furnace for refining. When the Al content of molten steel smelting is 0.015 percent and the S content is 0.003 percent after refining, carrying out vacuum treatment on a ladle VD furnace, and adding pure calcium wires with the dosage of 100 kilograms per ton of steel before carrying out vacuum degassing treatment on the VD furnace; and the stainless steel 304 is smelted by adopting an AOD furnace for production.
(2) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 20mm larger than the actual production thickness. The molten steel of the mother plate material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at the casting speed of 2t/min and the vacuum degree of 0.01Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented. Before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 200L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 20 ℃.
(3) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 1mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out. And simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried.
(4) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: and after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging the mother plate into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.001Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of the casting groove to the actual production thickness. The casting speed is 0.5t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 300L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
(5) And (3) cooling after casting: and (4) hoisting the cast material out of the casting groove, and stacking and slowly cooling for 12 hours.
(6) A steel plate leveling procedure: after stacking, the steel plates need to be subjected to cold straightening treatment to ensure that the unevenness is 5 mm/m.
The mechanical properties of the low-cost stainless steel composite board are as follows: the flaw detection is in GB/T2970-2016 grade I, the bonding rate of the composite layer is 100%, the shearing strength is 370Mpa, the internal and external bending is qualified, and the performance of the mother board is qualified.
Example 2
The dimensions (thickness, width, length) of a stainless steel composite plate according to this example were: 11mm (1mm +10mm) 2000mm 8000mm, steel grade 304+ Q345R.
The production method comprises the following steps of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling, and the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) a steel plate smelting process: when the mother plate is smelted, the molten steel is initially smelted and then sent into an LF furnace for refining. When the Al content of molten steel is 0.018% and the S content is 0.002% after refining, carrying out vacuum treatment in a ladle VD furnace, and adding pure calcium wires with the dosage of 130 kg per ton of steel before vacuum degassing treatment in the VD furnace; and an AOD furnace is adopted for production when stainless steel is smelted.
(2) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 22mm larger than the actual production thickness. The molten steel of the mother plate material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at the casting speed of 2.5t/min and the vacuum degree of 0.02Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented. Before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 250L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 23 ℃.
(3) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 1.2mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out. And simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried.
(4) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: and after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging the mother plate into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.003Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of the casting groove to the actual production thickness. The casting speed is 0.72t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 330L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
(5) And (3) cooling after casting: and (4) lifting the cast material out of the casting groove, and stacking and slowly cooling for 15 hours.
(6) A steel plate leveling procedure: after stacking, the steel plates need to be subjected to cold straightening treatment to ensure that the unevenness is 4 mm/m.
The mechanical properties of the low-cost stainless steel composite board are as follows: the flaw detection is in GB/T2970-2016 grade I, the bonding rate of the composite layer is 100%, the shearing strength is 305MPa, the internal and external bending is qualified, and the performance of the mother board is qualified.
Example 3
The dimensions (thickness, width, length) of a stainless steel composite plate according to this example were: 16mm (1mm +15mm) 3100mm 10000mm, steel grade 316+ Q345B.
The production method comprises the following steps of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling, and the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) a steel plate smelting process: when the mother plate is smelted, the molten steel is initially smelted and then sent into an LF furnace for refining. When the Al content of molten steel smelting is 0.020% and the S content is 0.003% after refining is finished, carrying out vacuum treatment on a ladle VD furnace, and adding pure calcium wires with the dosage of 140 kilograms per ton of steel before vacuum degassing treatment of the VD furnace; and an AOD furnace is adopted for production when stainless steel is smelted.
(2) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 23mm larger than the actual production thickness. The molten steel of the mother plate material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at the casting speed of 3t/min and the vacuum degree of 0.08Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented. Before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 280L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 24 ℃.
(3) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 1.7mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out. And simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried.
(4) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: and after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging the mother plate into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.008Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of the casting groove to the actual production thickness. The casting speed is 1.2t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 390L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
(5) And (3) cooling after casting: and (4) lifting the cast material out of the casting groove, and stacking and slowly cooling for 20 hours.
(6) A steel plate leveling procedure: after stacking, the steel plates need to be subjected to cold straightening treatment to ensure that the unevenness is 4 mm/m.
The mechanical properties of the stainless steel composite board of the embodiment are as follows: the flaw detection is in GB/T2970-2016I grade, the bonding rate of the composite layer is 100%, the shearing strength is 325MPa, the internal and external bending is qualified, and the performance of the mother board is qualified.
Example 4
The dimensions (thickness, width, length) of a stainless steel composite plate according to this example were: 20mm (3mm +17mm) 3800mm 12000mm, steel grade 316L + Q345R (HIC).
The production method comprises the following steps of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling, and the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) a steel plate smelting process: when the mother plate is smelted, the molten steel is initially smelted and then sent into an LF furnace for refining. When the Al content of molten steel smelting is 0.030 percent and the S content is 0.003 percent after refining is finished, carrying out vacuum treatment on a ladle VD furnace, and adding pure calcium wires with the dosage of 200 kilograms per ton of steel before vacuum degassing treatment of the VD furnace; and an AOD furnace is adopted for production when stainless steel is smelted.
(2) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 25mm larger than the actual production thickness. The molten steel of the mother plate material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at casting speed of 4t/min and vacuum degree of 0.1Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented. Before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 300L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 26 ℃.
(3) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 2mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out. And simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried.
(4) The molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: and after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging the mother plate into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.01Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of the casting groove to the actual production thickness. The casting speed is 1.5t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 400L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
(5) And (3) cooling after casting: and (4) hoisting the cast material out of the casting groove, and stacking and slowly cooling for 24 hours.
(6) A steel plate leveling procedure: after stacking, the steel plates need to be subjected to cold straightening treatment to ensure that the unevenness is 5 mm/m.
(7) After straightening, normalizing and heat treating the steel plate, wherein the process comprises the following steps: 900 ℃ and 910 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5 min/mm.
The mechanical properties of the stainless steel composite board of the embodiment are as follows: the flaw detection is in GB/T2970-2016I grade, the bonding rate of the composite layer is 100%, the shearing strength is 375Mpa, the internal and external bending is qualified, and the performance of the mother board is qualified.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The production method of the stainless steel composite plate steel plate is characterized by comprising the working procedures of steel plate smelting, molten steel vacuum casting, cooling after casting and steel plate leveling;
(1) the steel plate smelting process comprises the following steps: when smelting a mother plate, initially smelting molten steel and then sending the molten steel into an LF furnace for refining; when the Al content of molten steel smelting is 0.015-0.030% and the S content is less than or equal to 0.003% after refining, carrying out vacuum treatment on a ladle VD furnace, and adding a pure calcium wire with the dosage of 100 plus materials per ton of steel before vacuum degassing treatment of the VD furnace; when stainless steel is smelted, an AOD furnace is adopted for production;
(2) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: when rectangular materials are produced, the width and the length of a casting groove are adjusted according to the requirement of an order, and the adjusted thickness is 20-25mm larger than the actual production thickness; the molten steel of the mother board material is cast in a vacuum casting chamber at the casting speed of 2-4t/min and the vacuum degree of 0.01-0.1Pa, so that impurities in air such as oxygen absorption and the like are prevented;
(3) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, an automatic skinning machine is used for surface trimming, the thickness of the trimming is 1-2mm, and after vacuum is broken, dust removal operation is carried out; simultaneously, the surface of the mother board needs to be cleaned by alcohol and dried;
(4) the molten steel vacuum casting process comprises the following steps: after the mother plate is cast and molded, opening vacuum equipment, hanging into a stainless steel ladle, vacuumizing again, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.001-0.01Pa, and simultaneously adjusting the thickness of a casting groove to the actual production thickness; the casting speed is 0.5-1.5t/min, the water flow in the water tank is 300-400L/min, and the stainless steel layer is rapidly cast and cooled.
2. The method for producing a stainless steel composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of vacuum casting the molten steel comprises: before the molten steel is cast, water is introduced into the inner pipe of the water tank, the water flow is 200-300L/min, and the water temperature is controlled at 20-26 ℃.
3. The method for producing a stainless steel composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the post-casting cooling step is performed by lifting the cast material out of a casting groove and performing stack slow cooling for 12 to 24 hours.
4. The method for producing a stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel plate is flattened, and after stacking, the steel plate is required to be cold straightened to ensure that the unevenness is less than or equal to 5 mm/m.
5. A method for producing a stainless steel composite plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method produces a composite plate having a thickness of 5 to 20 mm.
6. The production method of the stainless steel composite plate steel plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composite plate produced by the method has a bonding rate of 100%, a shear strength of more than or equal to 280MPa, and a flaw detection rate of GB/T2970-2016I.
7. The method for producing a stainless steel composite plate steel plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method produces a composite plate with a width of 1500-.
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