CN114384830A - Electromagnetic interference determination method and system for smart grid acquisition unit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic interference determination method and system for smart grid acquisition unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114384830A CN114384830A CN202011123520.3A CN202011123520A CN114384830A CN 114384830 A CN114384830 A CN 114384830A CN 202011123520 A CN202011123520 A CN 202011123520A CN 114384830 A CN114384830 A CN 114384830A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic interference determination method for an intelligent power grid acquisition unit, which comprises the following steps: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid sampling unit; generating electromagnetic interference on the smart grid by an electromagnetic interference source, and transmitting the electromagnetic interference to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit; and judging whether electromagnetic interference exists or not when the sampling unit samples at the determined sampling rate based on the electromagnetic compatibility tester. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, whether the intelligent power grid acquisition unit has electromagnetic interference can be quickly and accurately found.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of smart power grids, in particular to an electromagnetic interference determination method and system for a smart power grid acquisition unit.
Background
The intelligent transformer substations put into operation successively by the national power grid company have the problems of damage to the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, packet loss, abnormal communication and the like. More and more electronic devices are arranged on the spot and are close to high-voltage equipment, even are hung on a shell of the high-voltage equipment, so that the electronic devices are more and more easily affected by electromagnetic interference, even fail due to the electromagnetic interference, and therefore a transformer substation is shut down, and the safety of a power grid is threatened. The electronic transformer is subjected to an electromagnetic compatibility test with reference to relevant standards of secondary equipment when leaving a factory, but the fault rate is high in the actual operation of a power grid, so that an electromagnetic compatibility test method of an acquisition unit needs to be improved, and on the basis, an electromagnetic interference protection measure is adopted to improve the reliability of the acquisition unit of the smart power grid.
When an isolating switch and a circuit breaker in a power grid operate and lightning invade, Very Fast Transient Overvoltage (VFTO) and Very Fast Transient Current (VFTC) can be generated, and transient electromagnetic disturbance is generated at a secondary equipment end through coupling modes such as conduction and radiation. Transient disturbance has the characteristics of short waveform rise time, large wavefront steepness, wide frequency range, continuity and multiple times and the like. Taking a lightning wave as an example, according to a large amount of actual measurement data provided by the international large power grid Conference (CIGRE), a lightning current waveform which is calculated by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in the standard 'protection of lightning electromagnetic pulse' (IEC-61312-1) and is suitable for the power industry is 2.6/50s, and a high-frequency component of the lightning wave is mainly distributed at a wave head.
When the A/D chip carries out data conversion and reading, most pins of the A/D chip are in a high-level low-level high-frequency switching state, the possibility of being subjected to electromagnetic interference of an interference source is high, and the situation is the worst. After the data conversion and reading are finished, most pins of the A/D chip are in an idle state of high level or low level, the possibility of electromagnetic interference of an interference source is low, and the situation is light.
Taking the chip AD7656 as an example, the chip can complete data conversion and reading only 4s at most. At present, the sampling rate of a merging unit in a power grid is 80 points/cycle, and if the frequency in the power grid is a fixed value of 50Hz, AD7656 can meet the requirement only by performing data conversion and reading once every 250 s. And the wave head time of the standard radar wave is 2.6s, 2.6s <4s < <250s, so the probability that the chip AD7656 suffers from transient disturbance in data conversion and reading is 1.6% at 4s/250 s. Therefore, when the electromagnetic compatibility test is performed on the acquisition unit, the situation that the A/D chip suffers from electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading can be reproduced through a plurality of times of electromagnetic compatibility tests. The number of times required for the electromagnetic compatibility test in the existing standard is limited, as specified in GB/T17626.9-2011 electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology pulsed magnetic field immunity test: "at least 5 positive polarity pulses and 5 negative polarity pulse tests are performed". It can be known through calculation that the probability that the 5 times positive polarity pulse test A/D chip suffers from electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading is 7.75%, and the worst electromagnetic interference situation is difficult to reproduce.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for determining electromagnetic interference for a smart grid acquisition unit, including:
determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
transmitting an electromagnetic interference source to generate electromagnetic interference on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to a collection unit through a sensing unit;
converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals by the acquisition unit based on the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
and judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference or not by using the upper computer control system.
Preferably, the determining the sampling rate of the smart grid acquisition unit based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the smart grid acquisition unit includes:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the transmitting the electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the smart grid and the analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit includes: and the sensing unit respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source converts the analog signal generated by the signal source and the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid into analog induction data and transmits the analog induction data to the acquisition unit.
Preferably, the determining, by the upper computer control system, whether there is electromagnetic interference in the analog signal acquired by the smart grid acquisition unit includes:
the upper computer control system judges the correspondence between the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition units and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
and when the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond to each other, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of packaging and arranging the digital signals converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
An electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid acquisition unit, comprising: the device comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signal into a digital signal at the sampling rate and then uploading the digital signal to an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference on the smart power grid;
the signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
the sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and analog signals generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
and the upper computer control system is used for judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the smart grid collection unit includes:
the throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
Preferably, the sensing unit includes:
the receiving and converting subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source, and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signal into analog induction data;
and the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the simulation induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the upper computer control system includes:
and the judgment subunit is used for judging the correspondence between the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and when the digital signal does not correspond to the analog signal, determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, determining that the analog signal is not subjected to the electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the system further comprises a merging unit;
the merging unit is respectively connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system and used for packaging, arranging and sending the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an electromagnetic interference determination method for an intelligent power grid acquisition unit, which comprises the following steps: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid sampling unit; generating electromagnetic interference on the smart grid by an electromagnetic interference source, and transmitting the electromagnetic interference to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit; and judging whether electromagnetic interference exists or not when the sampling unit samples at the determined sampling rate based on the electromagnetic compatibility tester. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, whether the intelligent power grid acquisition unit has electromagnetic interference can be quickly and accurately found.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic interference determination method for a smart grid acquisition unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid acquisition unit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of data conversion and reading by taking a chip AD7656 as an example when the requirements of the smart grid are met;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of data conversion and reading of the chip AD7656 according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The invention provides an electromagnetic interference determination method for an intelligent power grid acquisition unit, which is shown in figure 1:
step 1: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
step 2: transmitting an electromagnetic interference source to generate electromagnetic interference on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to a collection unit through a sensing unit;
and step 3: converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals by the acquisition unit based on the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
and 4, step 4: and judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference or not by using the upper computer control system.
Step 1: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the determining the sampling rate of the smart grid acquisition unit based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the smart grid acquisition unit comprises:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Step 2: the analog signal that produces electromagnetic interference source the smart power grids and signal source production passes through sensing unit transmission to the acquisition unit, includes:
and the sensing unit respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source converts the analog signal generated by the signal source and the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid into analog induction data and transmits the analog induction data to the acquisition unit.
And step 3: and converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals by the acquisition unit based on the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to an upper computer control system.
And 4, step 4: utilize upper computer control system judges whether there is electromagnetic interference in the analog signal that smart power grids acquisition unit gathered, include:
the upper computer control system judges the correspondence between the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition units and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
and when the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond to each other, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of packaging and arranging the digital signals converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
Example 2:
based on the same inventive concept, the present invention further provides an electromagnetic interference determination system for an acquisition unit of a smart grid, as shown in fig. 2, including: the device comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signal into a digital signal at the sampling rate and then uploading the digital signal to an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference on the smart power grid;
the signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
the sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and analog signals generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
and the upper computer control system is used for judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the smart grid collection unit includes:
the throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
Preferably, the sensing unit includes:
the receiving and converting subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source, and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signal into analog induction data;
and the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the simulation induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the upper computer control system includes:
and the judgment subunit is used for judging the correspondence between the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and when the digital signal does not correspond to the analog signal, determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, determining that the analog signal is not subjected to the electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the system further comprises a merging unit;
the merging unit is respectively connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system and used for packaging, arranging and sending the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
Example 3:
an electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid acquisition unit, comprising: the device comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit, an acquisition unit, a merging unit and an upper computer control system. The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit, the sensing unit transmits a signal of the signal source and an analog signal generated by the interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the acquisition unit, an A/D chip is arranged in the acquisition unit to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, the acquisition unit is connected with the merging unit, and the merging unit packs, sorts and sends the digital signal sent by the acquisition unit to the upper computer control system. The sampling rate of the A/D chip in the acquisition unit is equal to or slightly less than the maximum allowable throughput rate. The upper computer control system can monitor whether the acquisition unit and the merging unit normally operate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a testing method according to the present invention, which includes an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit, a collecting unit, a merging unit, and an upper computer control system. The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit, the sensing unit transmits analog induction data subjected to interference of the electromagnetic interference source to the acquisition unit, an A/D chip is arranged in the acquisition unit to convert the analog induction data into digital signals, the acquisition unit is connected with the merging unit, and the merging unit packs and sends the digital signals sent by the acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
At present, the sampling rate and the output frequency of a merging unit in an intelligent power grid are unified to be 80 points/cycle, and if the power grid frequency is 50Hz, the sampling rate of an acquisition unit for transmitting data to the merging unit is 4 kHz. Taking the chip AD7656 as an example, as shown in fig. 3, when the sampling rate is 4kHz, the probability of suffering from electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading of the AD chip is low, and a large number of electromagnetic compatibility tests are needed to reproduce, but in the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the sampling rate is set to the maximum throughput rate of 250kHz, so that the probability of suffering from electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading of the AD chip is high, and the worst electromagnetic interference situation suffered by the acquisition unit in the power grid can be easily reproduced. Electromagnetic interference which may be present in the acquisition unit can be quickly discovered. After electromagnetic interference is found, the chip can be replaced or corresponding protective measures can be taken in the acquisition unit, and the method has great significance to development and construction of the smart power grid.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention which are filed as the application.
Claims (10)
1. An electromagnetic interference determination method for a smart grid acquisition unit, comprising:
determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
transmitting an electromagnetic interference source to generate electromagnetic interference on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to a collection unit through a sensing unit;
converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals by the acquisition unit based on the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
and judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference or not by using the upper computer control system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the sampling rate of the smart grid acquisition unit based on a type of analog-to-digital conversion chip in the smart grid acquisition unit comprises:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting the electromagnetic interference source to the smart grid to generate electromagnetic interference and the analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit comprises: and the sensing unit respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source converts the analog signal generated by the signal source and the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid into analog induction data and transmits the analog induction data to the acquisition unit.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining, by the upper computer control system, whether there is electromagnetic interference in the analog signal acquired by the smart grid acquisition unit comprises:
the upper computer control system judges the correspondence between the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition units and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
and when the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond to each other, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising packaging and arranging the digital signals converted by the smart grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
6. An electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid acquisition unit, comprising: the device comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signal into a digital signal at the sampling rate and then uploading the digital signal to an upper computer control system;
the electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference on the smart power grid;
the signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
the sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and analog signals generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
and the upper computer control system is used for judging whether the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit have electromagnetic interference.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the smart grid collection unit comprises:
the throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensing unit comprises:
the receiving and converting subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source, and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signal into analog induction data;
and the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the simulation induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the upper computer control system comprises:
and the judgment subunit is used for judging the correspondence between the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and when the digital signal does not correspond to the analog signal, determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, determining that the analog signal is not subjected to the electromagnetic interference.
10. The system of claim 7, further comprising a merge unit;
the merging unit is respectively connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system and used for packaging, arranging and sending the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
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