CN114381666A - High-carbon high-chromium cast steel for ball mill cylinder liner and heat treatment method thereof - Google Patents
High-carbon high-chromium cast steel for ball mill cylinder liner and heat treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114381666A CN114381666A CN202111599337.5A CN202111599337A CN114381666A CN 114381666 A CN114381666 A CN 114381666A CN 202111599337 A CN202111599337 A CN 202111599337A CN 114381666 A CN114381666 A CN 114381666A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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Abstract
The invention aims to solve the problems of the heat treatment process of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the cylinder lining plate of the existing ball mill, provides the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the cylinder lining plate of the ball mill and a heat treatment method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment. The high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2 to 1.4 percent of C, 9 to 10 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.8 percent of Mn, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The processing method comprises the following steps: 1) normalizing the high-carbon high-chromium steel cast ingot; 2) and quenching and low-temperature tempering to obtain a final product. The invention reduces the cutting action of the network carbide in the high-carbon high-chromium steel as-cast structure on the matrix by optimizing the heat treatment process so as to achieve the purpose of improving the toughness of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel, thereby prolonging the service life of the lining plate of the ball mill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment, and particularly relates to high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for a ball mill cylinder liner and a heat treatment method thereof.
Background
The ball mill is the main equipment for grinding operation in modern industry, and is commonly used in cement building materials, mine metallurgy, water conservancy and electric power and other industries. The lining plate of the ball mill is used for protecting the cylinder body, so that the cylinder body is prevented from being directly impacted and abraded by the grinding body and materials, and meanwhile, the movement state of the grinding body can be adjusted by utilizing the lining plates in different forms, so that the grinding effect of the grinding body on the materials is enhanced, the grinding efficiency of the mill is improved, and the equipment consumption is reduced.
At present, a high manganese steel lining plate is widely used, but in the practical process, the initial hardness of the high manganese steel is low, if the high manganese steel cannot be subjected to work hardening in use, the potential wear-resisting capability of the high manganese steel cannot be exerted, the wear resistance cannot be realized, and the research of Zhang Fu et al shows that when the relative impact energy reaches 2J/mm2And above, the work hardening characteristics of the high manganese steel can be sufficiently exhibited. Besides high manganese steel, the high chromium cast iron is also a high-quality wear-resistant material, the initial hardness of the high chromium cast iron is high and can reach 50HRC-60HRC, but a large amount of alloy elements are required to be added, the mass fraction of Cr can reach 30% at most, and the cost of raw materials is increased. The high-carbon high-chromium cast steel is hypereutectoid ledeburite steel, has high initial hardness and better wear resistance compared with high-manganese steel, and simultaneously has the advantages of high wear resistance, low cost and high wear resistanceCompared with high-chromium cast iron, the content of alloy elements is reduced. However, a large amount of net-shaped eutectic carbides exist in a solidification structure of the high-carbon high-chromium steel, and segregation is serious, so that toughness is poor, impact resistance is poor, and service life of the lining plate is affected, and therefore the lining plate needs to be improved through certain heat treatment.
For hypereutectoid steels, a common heat treatment process is normalizing to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the steel. But in the conventional heat treatment process: the heat preservation temperature of the normalizing is high, and after the normalizing, spheroidizing annealing (the heat treatment process route is shown in figure 1) is often needed to promote carbide granulation so as to ensure the wear resistance of the material, so that the final heat treatment process is complicated, and the method has no effect on reducing the cutting action of the network carbide in the cast structure of the high-carbon high-chromium steel on the matrix and improving the toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing heat treatment process of high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate, and provides high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate and a heat treatment method thereof. The invention reduces the cutting action of the network carbide in the high-carbon high-chromium steel as-cast structure on the matrix by optimizing the heat treatment process so as to achieve the purpose of improving the toughness of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel, thereby prolonging the service life of the lining plate of the ball mill.
One of the technical schemes adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is that the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the lining plate of the ball mill cylinder body comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2 to 1.4 percent of C, 9 to 10 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.8 percent of Mn, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the heat treatment method of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate comprises the following steps:
1) normalizing the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel ingot;
2) and quenching and low-temperature tempering to obtain a final product.
Wherein the cast metallurgical structure of the high-carbon high-chromium steel ingot in the step 1) is a pearlite structure and obvious network carbide.
The normalizing system in the step 1) is as follows: at a temperature between A of heat-treated ingotc1～AccmThe heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
The quenching system in the step 2) is as follows: the temperature is 900-1000 ℃, the workpiece enters the furnace from the temperature, the heat preservation time is 1-1.5h, and the cooling mode is air cooling or oil cooling.
The low-temperature tempering system in the step 2) is as follows: the temperature is 200-250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-2.5h, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after low temperature tempering.
The heat treatment method of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate has the hardness of 54.5-58.9 HRC and the impact toughness of 2.7-3.7J/cm2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method of the invention adopts a two-phase zone normalizing process, namely controlling the normalizing temperature between A of the heat-treated samplec1～AccmThe heat preservation is carried out for a certain time, the cutting action of the net-shaped carbide in the high-carbon high-chromium steel as-cast structure on the matrix can be effectively reduced, and the impact toughness of the material is improved on the premise of ensuring the hardness of the material, so that the service life of the lining plate of the ball mill is prolonged.
2. The method of the invention does not need spheroidizing annealing, and simplifies the heat treatment process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a conventional heat treatment route (normalizing, spheroidizing annealing, quenching, and tempering);
FIG. 2 is a heat treatment process route of example 1;
FIG. 3 is an as-cast SEM image of a high-carbon high-chromium steel ingot of example 1;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the high-carbon and high-chromium cast steel after heat treatment in example 1;
fig. 5 is an SEM image of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel after heat treatment in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The improved heat treatment process for the steel for the ball mill cylinder liner is provided in the following embodiment, a vacuum smelting furnace is adopted to complete the preparation of a high-carbon high-chromium steel ingot, a graphite casting mold is used for casting the ingot, a cooling mode adopted after the casting of the ingot is completed is natural cooling, and a linear cutting is adopted to cut an ingot sample.
Example 1
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.37% of C, 9.57% of Cr, 0.77% of Mn, 0.58% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. As shown in FIG. 3, the cast structure of the ingot is pearlite structure and obvious network carbide.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Normalizing the sample: normalizing at 1100 deg.C, maintaining for 2 hr, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is 900 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 1h, and the quenching mode is oil quenching.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 250 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the air cooling is carried out until the room temperature. The heat treatment process route is shown in fig. 2. The SEM texture obtained after heat treatment is shown in fig. 4.
Example 2
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.35% of C, 9.77% of Cr, 0.76% of Mn, 0.58% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Normalizing the sample: normalizing at 1150 deg.C, maintaining for 2 hr, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is 950 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 1h, and the quenching mode is air cooling.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 200 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the air cooling is carried out until the room temperature.
Example 3
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.35% of C, 9.77% of Cr, 0.76% of Mn, 0.58% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Normalizing the sample: normalizing at 1050 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is 950 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 1h, and the quenching mode is oil quenching.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 200 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the air cooling is carried out until the room temperature.
Comparative example 1
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the comparative example 1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.37% of C, 9.57% of Cr, 0.77% of Mn, 0.58% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Carrying out normalizing and spheroidizing annealing treatment on the sample: heating the sample to 1240 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, cooling to 750 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature in air.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is selected to be 880 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the quenching mode is air cooling.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 320 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 5 hours, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after the low-temperature tempering. The SEM texture obtained after heat treatment is shown in fig. 5.
The mechanical properties of the high-carbon high-chromium steels obtained in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical properties of high-carbon high-chromium cast steel under different heat treatment processes
| Heat treatment process | Hardness (HRC) | Impact toughness (J/cm)2) |
| As-cast condition | 43.0 | 2.2 |
| Example 1 | 58.9 | 2.7 |
| Example 2 | 54.5 | 3.7 |
| Example 3 | 56.5 | 2.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 49.4 | 2.4 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel obtained by the heat treatment method of the invention effectively reduces the splitting action of the network carbide in the as-cast structure on the matrix, and improves the impact toughness of the material on the premise of ensuring the hardness of the material, thereby prolonging the service life of the lining plate of the ball mill.
Example 4
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.21% of C, 9.03% of Cr, 0.72% of Mn, 0.52% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Normalizing the sample: normalizing at 1020 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 3h, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is 1000 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 1.5h, and the quenching mode is air cooling.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 250 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and the air cooling is carried out until the room temperature.
Example 5
(1) The high-carbon high-chromium steel used in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.40% of C, 9.98% of Cr, 0.80% of Mn, 0.59% of Si, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) The heat-treated sample having a size of 15 mm. times.15 mm. times.60 mm was cut out.
(3) Normalizing the sample: normalizing at 1070 deg.C, maintaining for 2.5 hr, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Quenching the sample: the quenching temperature is 1000 ℃, the quenching heat preservation time is 1.2h, and the quenching mode is air cooling.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment on the sample: the low-temperature tempering temperature is 230 ℃, the low-temperature tempering heat preservation time is 2.3 hours, and the air cooling is carried out until the room temperature.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2 to 1.4 percent of C, 9 to 10 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.8 percent of Mn, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The heat treatment method of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) normalizing the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel ingot;
2) and quenching and low-temperature tempering to obtain a final product.
3. The heat treatment method of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the as-cast metallographic structure of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel ingot in the step 1) is a pearlite structure and a distinct network carbide.
4. The heat treatment method of high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the normalizing schedule in step 1) is as follows: at a temperature between A of heat-treated ingotc1～AccmThe heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
5. The heat treatment method of high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the quenching schedule in step 2) is as follows: the temperature is 900-1000 ℃, the workpiece enters the furnace from the temperature, the heat preservation time is 1-1.5h, and the cooling mode is air cooling or oil cooling.
6. The heat treatment method of high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the low-temperature tempering schedule in the step 2) is as follows: the temperature is 200-250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-2.5h, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after low temperature tempering.
7. The heat treatment method of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel for the ball mill cylinder liner plate according to claim 2, wherein the hardness of the high-carbon high-chromium cast steel after heat treatment is 54.5 to 58.9HRC, and the impact toughness is 2.7 to 3.7J/cm2。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1362648A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1974-08-07 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Ball mill lining |
| CN1560311A (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-01-05 | 天津工程机械研究院 | Wear-resisting cast steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101260501A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-09-10 | 北京工业大学 | High-boron low-carbon abrasion resistant cast steel and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN112743064A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 唐山先隆轧辊实业有限公司 | High-nitrogen high-speed steel centrifugal composite roller and preparation process thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-24 CN CN202111599337.5A patent/CN114381666A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1362648A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1974-08-07 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Ball mill lining |
| CN1560311A (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-01-05 | 天津工程机械研究院 | Wear-resisting cast steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101260501A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-09-10 | 北京工业大学 | High-boron low-carbon abrasion resistant cast steel and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN112743064A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 唐山先隆轧辊实业有限公司 | High-nitrogen high-speed steel centrifugal composite roller and preparation process thereof |
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