CN114375950A - Plant source attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang natural enemy - Google Patents
Plant source attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang natural enemy Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang, a parasitic natural enemy of hyphantria cunea. Volatile matters of the leaves of the oriental plane, the paulownia fortunei, the purple leaf plum, the poplar and the mulberry are collected before and after the American white moth is eaten by a headspace collection method, and a group of compounds are obtained by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer GC-MS and combining with an antenna potential-gas chromatography GC-EAD technical analysis. The four-arm olfactometry experiment shows that the mixed compound (tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane and heneicosane) has obvious attraction effect on Chouioia cunea Yang, and the attraction effect is obviously reduced after the tridecane is removed from the mixed compound. The tropism of the natural enemy Chouioia cunea Yang to the mixed compound is researched through indoor behavioural experiments, the key information compound which can attract the Chouioia cunea Yang is screened, and a theoretical basis is provided for researching and developing an attractant, improving the parasitic rate of the Chouioia cunea Yang and better utilizing the Chouioia cunea Yang to prevent and control the Chouian cunea Yang.
Description
The invention is funded by a scientific and technological development project (2019 KJ 089) of high schools such as national science fund (31702058) and Tianjin.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, and relates to screening and application of a key information compound capable of attracting Chouioia cunea Yang, a natural enemy of hyphantria cunea, and more particularly relates to a botanical attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang, a natural enemy of hyphantria cunea.
Background
The fall webworm (Hypophantria kura Drury) is one of the important pests and diseases seriously threatening the agriculture and forestry production in China, can cause serious damage to most of broad-leaved trees such as oriental plane, paulownia, poplar, mulberry, white wax and the like, and can also cause serious damage to various flowers, vegetables, crops and the like.
The common methods for controlling the fall webworms comprise physical control, chemical control and biological control. The physical control adopts methods of picking off egg blocks, cutting off a net curtain, surrounding grass and inducing pupae and the like, but the method is only suitable for regions which are sporadic and have no serious harm due to time and labor consumption. Chemical control takes effect relatively quickly, but improper use of chemical pesticides not only pollutes the environment, but also can cause continuous enhancement of drug resistance of diseases and pests, and simultaneously kills natural enemies and reduces the long-term natural control capability of the pesticides on pests. Biological control mainly involves the use of microorganisms such as beauveria or metarhizium, and the use of natural enemy insects and the like.
Chouioia cunea Yang (Chouiocuneia Yang) hymenoptera, Apidae, is a parasitic natural enemy in the pupal stage of various lepidoptera insects such as hyphantria cunea, codling moth, big bag moth, willow moth, locust tree chi moth, poplarch boat moth and the like, is used as a main natural enemy factor, and is widely applied to biological control of hyphantria cunea. The success of the reproduction of Chouioia cunea as a parasitic insect depends on their ability to recognize and localize the host, the key role of semiochemicals in host localization.
In nature, phytophagous insects feed on plants, natural enemies parasitize or prey on the phytophagous insects, and interactive information compound networks exist among the plants, the phytophagous insects and the natural enemies, and Kairomones (Kairomones) and synmones (synomones) are two types of information compounds which are researched more at present. The mutilin is volatile matters which are obviously different from healthy plants and released when the plants are attacked by mechanical damage or phytophagous insects, and the volatile matters can be used as attractants of natural enemies of the phytophagous insects. The parasitic wasp can locate its host by means of the scent molecules in air, and the mutual beneficial element plays an important role in locating host in long distance.
Tridecane is a volatile component detected in poplar, prunus cerasifera, mallotus and paulownia leaves eaten by fall webworms in the laboratory through a headspace collection method. The molecular formula is C13H28, the molecular weight is 184.36, the melting point is-5.5 ℃, the boiling point is 235.4 ℃, the density is 0.756g/mL, and the molecular formula is insoluble in water, soluble in carbon tetrachloride and soluble in ethanol and ether.
Undecane was a volatile component detected in the laboratory by headspace collection in poplar, prunus cerasifera and paulownia leaves eaten by the fall webworm. The molecular formula is C11H24, molecular weight is 156.31, melting point is-26 ℃, boiling point is 195 ℃, density is 0.74g/mL, and the molecular formula is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether.
Tetradecane is a volatile component detected in poplar, prunus cerasifera, mulberry, mallotus and paulownia leaves eaten by fall webworms in the laboratory through a headspace collection method. The molecular formula of the compound is C14H30, the molecular weight is 198.39, the melting point is 5.86 ℃, the boiling point is 253.7 ℃, the density is 0.762g/mL, and the compound is insoluble in water and soluble in ethanol.
Hexadecane is a volatile matter component which can be detected in the paulownia, mulberry and poplar leaves before and after the American white moth is eaten by the laboratory through a headspace collection method, and can be detected only in the volatile matters of the leaf of the oriental plane and the leaf of the prunus salicina after the American white moth is eaten. The molecular formula is C16H34, the molecular weight is 226.44, the melting point is 18.17 ℃, the boiling point is 287 ℃, the density is 0.773g/mL, the water-insoluble organic silicon compound is water-insoluble, miscible with diethyl ether, petroleum ether and trichloromethane, and slightly soluble in hot ethanol.
Nonadecane is a volatile component detected in poplar, mulberry, farnesol and paulownia leaves before and after feeding by fall webworm in the laboratory through a headspace collection method. The molecular formula is C19H40, molecular weight is 268.52, melting point is 31.9 ℃, boiling point is 330.6 ℃, density is 0.786g/mL, and the molecular formula is insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and easily soluble in ether.
The heneicosane laboratory can detect one volatile component in the leaf of the oriental plane, the poplar and the prunus cerasifera before and after the oriental plane is eaten by the fall webworm by a headspace collection method, and can only detect the volatile components in the leaf of the paulownia and the leaf of the mulberry after the oriental plane is eaten by the fall webworm. The molecular formula is C21H44, the molecular weight is 296.57, the melting point is 39-41 ℃, the boiling point is 100 ℃, the density is 0.79g/mL, and the water-insoluble.
The tropism of the natural enemy Chouioia cunea Yang to the mixed compound is researched through indoor behavioural experiments, the key information compound which can attract the Chouioia cunea Yang is screened, and a theoretical basis is provided for researching and developing an attractant, improving the parasitic rate of the Chouioia cunea Yang and better utilizing the Chouioia cunea Yang to prevent and control the Chouian cunea Yang.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical contents:
an attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang, a parasitic natural enemy of the hyphantria cunea, is characterized in that the attractant comprises tridecane in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: undecane: tetradecane: hexadecane: nonadecane: heneicosane.
The invention further discloses application of the Chouioia cunea attractant, a parasitic natural enemy of the American white moth, as the Chouioia cunea attractant or in preparation of the Chouioia cunea attractant. Experimental results of four-arm olfactometry show that the Chouioia cunea Yang has obvious tropism to the mixed compounds (tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane and heneicosane with the mass fraction ratio of 1:1:1:1: 1); the attraction was significantly reduced by removing tridecane in the mixed compound, indicating that tridecane is a key component of the attractant.
The invention is described in more detail below:
the invention discloses a botanical attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang. The hybrid compound mainly comprises plant volatile matters after being eaten by the hyphantria cunea is used as the attractant for the Chouioia cunea Yang which is the natural enemy of the hyphantria cunea or is applied to the preparation of the Chouioia cunea attractant.
The attractant component contains tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane and heneicosane.
The attractant components are detected in the poplar, purple plum, mulberry, mallotus and paulownia leaves before and after the American white moth is eaten by a headspace collection method in the laboratory.
The solvent for preparing and diluting the above compound according to the present invention may be an organic solvent such as liquid paraffin, n-hexane, etc., more specifically n-hexane.
The concentration of each component in the single compound or the mixed compound is 10 ng/mu l.
The attractant is tridecane: undecane: tetradecane: hexadecane: nonadecane: the weight ratio of the heneicosane =1:1:1:1: 1. The tridecane is a key component for generating an attraction effect on the natural enemy Chouioia cunea, and the attraction effect on the Chouioia cunea Yang is obviously reduced by removing the tridecane from the mixed compound.
The key component of the attractant is tridecane, and the four-arm olfactometer behavioral experiment shows that the attraction effect of removing the tridecane in the mixed compound on the Chouioia cunea Yang is obviously reduced.
According to the invention, a key compound which has an attraction effect on the Chouioia cunea Yang which is a natural enemy of the hyphantria cunea is screened from plant volatile compounds after the hyphantria cunea is eaten by the hyphantria cunea through an indoor ethology experiment, so that a basic support is provided for researching and developing a Chouioia cunea attractant to improve the parasitic rate of the Chouioia cunea Yang and better utilizing the Chouioia cunea Yang to prevent and control pests such as the hyphantria cunea Yang.
Drawings
FIG. 1 reaction rate of Chouioia cunea to the mixed compounds.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below with reference to examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make modifications and variations thereto in light of the spirit of the present invention, which should be construed as being within the scope of the present invention, the scope and spirit of the present invention being defined by the appended claims.
Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, and reagents, biomaterials, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Preparing an attractant:
reagent: tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane, heneicosane were purchased from aladin reagent.
Preparing tridecane: adding 986.8 μ l n-hexane into 13.2 μ l stock solution to obtain 10mg/ml stock solution; diluted 1000-fold with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) of working solution for use.
Preparing undecane: adding 986.5 μ l n-hexane into 13.5 μ l stock solution to obtain 10mg/ml stock solution; diluted 1000-fold with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) of working solution for use.
Preparing tetradecane: adding 986.9 μ l n-hexane into 13.1 μ l stock solution to obtain 10mg/ml stock solution; diluted 1000-fold with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) of working solution for use.
And (3) preparing hexadecane: adding 987.1 μ l n-hexane into 12.9 μ l stock solution to obtain 10mg/ml stock solution; diluted 1000-fold with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) of working solution for use.
Preparing nonadecane: preparing 0.01g of solid with 1ml of n-hexane into a 10mg/ml stock solution; then diluted 1000 times with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) working solution for use.
Preparing the heneicosane: preparing 0.01g of solid with 1ml of n-hexane into a 10mg/ml stock solution; then diluted 1000 times with n-hexane to obtain 10. mu.g/ml (10 ng/. mu.l) working solution for use.
Preparing a mixed compound: the six compounds are mixed evenly according to the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1:1, 10 mul (10 ng/mul) of working solution is taken respectively for standby.
Example 2
Test insects:
the Chouioia cunea Yang was offered by the Breeding research center of pest natural enemies of south China forest in Henan, Lowe, Henan, and was subcultured in animal and plant resistance key laboratories of Tianjin Shichang university. The culture conditions are as follows: climatic chamber (PQX-350H), temperature 25 ℃, relative humidity 75%, photoperiod 13L: 11D. After the imagoes are obtained, the imagoes are inoculated in tussah pupas, subculture is carried out under the same condition, and the imagoes within 24 hours of eclosion are selected for test use.
Example 3
Four-arm olfactometer behavioristics experiment
Four-arm olfactometer (model QT-WII 01)
Comparison: take 10. mu. lddH2O was uniformly dropped onto a quantitative filter paper sheet (length 2cm, width 1 cm).
N-hexane: mu.l of n-hexane was uniformly dropped onto a quantitative filter paper sheet (length: 2cm, width: 1 cm).
Mixing the following compounds: 10 ul of each tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane, and heneicosane solution (10 ng/. mu.l) was mixed well, and 10 ul thereof was dropped uniformly onto a quantitative filter paper sheet (length 2cm, width 1 cm).
The mixed compound is free of tridecane: 10 ul of each 10 ng/ul of undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane, and heneicosane solutions were mixed, and 10 ul of each solution was dropped onto a quantitative filter paper (length 2cm, width 1 cm).
The experimental equipment is connected according to the sequence of an air pump, an active carbon drying tower, a distilled water washing gas cylinder and a four-arm olfactometer. Control filter paper, filter paper impregnated with n-hexane, filter paper impregnated with the mixed compound, and filter paper impregnated with the mixed compound without tridecane were placed on the four arms of the olfactometer, respectively. And (3) placing 40 Chouioia cunea Yang to be tested in the orientation chamber, and closing the orientation chamber. In a darkroom, a light source is arranged right above the four-arm olfactometer, the selection condition of the Chouioia cunea is observed, and data is recorded. Chouioia cunea data that failed to make a selection within five minutes was excluded, and the cunea entering the selection arm and staying for more than 10 seconds was considered to make a selection. After each experiment, the arm was rinsed with soap, water and n-hexane, air dried, and rotated to change the direction of the arm. A total of 9 independent biological experiments were performed in duplicate, 40 Chouioia cunea each time. The selection rate calculation method is as follows: response rate = chose/all chose x 100%.
Results and analysis
Attractive Activity of tridecane on Chouioia cunea Yang
FIG. 1 reaction rate of Chouioia cunea to the mixed compounds. The experimental data of the four-arm olfactometer is analyzed by single-factor variance through SPSS, and the Chouioia cunea Yang has no obvious tropism to a blank control and a solvent (normal hexane), but has obvious tropism to a mixed compound (containing tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane and heneicosane) consisting of key plant volatile matters after being eaten by the American white moth, namely, the key volatile compounds generated after the plant is eaten by the American white moth can be used as a muticin to attract the Chouioia cunea Yang which is a natural enemy of pests; the attraction was significantly reduced by removing tridecane from the mixed compounds, indicating that tridecane is a key component of the mutrietin.
The compound tridecane, undecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, nonadecane and heneicosane adopted in the invention are all screened from leaf volatiles of a plant eaten by the hyphantria cunea, so that a natural resistance mechanism exists in the plant body, the mechanism is formed by interaction in the evolution of long-term plant-pest-natural enemy, a research direction is provided for biological control of the hyphantria cunea, and a theoretical basis is provided for researching and developing an attractant, improving the parasitic rate of the Chouioia cunea Yang and better utilizing the Chouia cunea Yang to control the hyphantria cunea.
Claims (2)
1. An attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang, a parasitic natural enemy of the hyphantria cunea, is characterized in that the attractant is tridecane with the mass portion ratio of 1:1:1: undecane: tetradecane: hexadecane: nonadecane: heneicosane.
2. Use of the Chouioia cunea attractant, a parasitic natural enemy of the American white moth, as an attractant for or in the preparation of a Chouioia cunea attractant, according to claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210083259.1A CN114375950A (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Plant source attractant for Chouioia cunea Yang natural enemy |
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| JP2003221302A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-05 | Tamagawa Gakuen | Synthetic attractant for catching and killing wasp |
| US8092789B1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2012-01-10 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Indian meal moth attractant |
| US20150257378A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-17 | Sterling International Inc. | Pheromone attractants for tawny crazy ants |
| US20180213765A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-08-02 | Apex Bait Technologies, Inc. | Insect attraction through spatial partitioning of attractants |
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