CN114374069A - Frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonator - Google Patents
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- CN114374069A CN114374069A CN202111675491.6A CN202111675491A CN114374069A CN 114374069 A CN114374069 A CN 114374069A CN 202111675491 A CN202111675491 A CN 202111675491A CN 114374069 A CN114374069 A CN 114374069A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
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Abstract
A frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator belongs to the technical field of filters for optical electronic communication. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing cavity filter is large in size, difficult to integrate and large in deviation between actual manufacturing and theoretical design. The first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are connected into a whole through a coupling window, and are arranged in central symmetry; the first inner conductor of the first resonant cavity is connected with the input port of the filter through a lead, and the second inner conductor of the second resonant cavity is connected with the output port of the filter through a lead; the first resonant inductor is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the first resonant cavity, and the second resonant inductor is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the second resonant cavity; the first capacitor unit is connected with the first resonant cavity in parallel, and the second capacitor unit is connected with the second resonant cavity in parallel; the first resonant inductor and the first capacitor unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the integrated resonant cavity together with the second resonant inductor and the second capacitor unit. The invention improves the performance and the practicability of the filter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator, belonging to the technical field of filters for optical electronic communication.
Background
The frequency hopping filter is a very important component in a communication system and is used for multi-band alternating current of a plurality of communication devices. The frequency hopping filter has superior performance in the aspects of anti-fading, anti-interception, anti-interference and the like in a microwave receiver and an electronic countermeasure system, and is more flexible to use than a band-pass filter with a fixed frequency band.
At present, frequency hopping filters are various, and the mainstream is a microstrip structure and an integrated waveguide filter. Due to its planar structure, it has some disadvantages, such as large insertion loss, low power capacity, easy radiation, etc. The cavity filter has the advantages of low loss, high Q value and high power capacity, but also has the defects of high cost, large size, difficulty in integration and the like. The miniaturization research of the cavity filter has achieved many results and is still the development direction in the future. The dielectric ceramic has ultrahigh conduction rate and is of great significance to a novel cavity filter with very small insertion loss and volume.
Because the size of a common cavity filter is larger, the common cavity filter is difficult to integrate on a PCB (printed circuit board), and further cannot be applied to communication equipment; meanwhile, the problem of large error between the actually manufactured filter device and the theoretical design exists. In order to solve the problems of low integration and structural redundancy of the conventional frequency hopping filter, a set of simple, efficient and small-sized filtering device needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator, aiming at the problems that the existing cavity filter is large in size, difficult to integrate and large in deviation between actual manufacturing and theoretical design.
The invention relates to a frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator, which comprises a first resonant cavity, a first resonant inductor, a first capacitor unit, a second resonant cavity, a second resonant inductor, a second capacitor unit, a coupling window and a circuit board,
the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are connected into an integral resonant cavity through a coupling window, and are arranged in central symmetry;
the first inner conductor of the first resonant cavity is connected with the input port of the filter through a lead, and the second inner conductor of the second resonant cavity is connected with the output port of the filter through a lead;
the first resonant inductor is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the first resonant cavity, and the second resonant inductor is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the second resonant cavity; the first capacitor unit is connected with the first resonant cavity in parallel, and the second capacitor unit is connected with the second resonant cavity in parallel; the first resonant inductor and the first capacitor unit and the second resonant inductor and the second capacitor unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the integrated resonant cavity;
the first resonant cavity, the first resonant inductor, the first capacitor unit, the second resonant cavity, the second resonant inductor, the second capacitor unit and the coupling window are fixed on the circuit board in a tin soldering mode.
According to the frequency hopping filter using the dielectric coaxial resonator, the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity have the same structure;
the first resonant cavity also comprises a ceramic medium and an outer conductor, wherein a copper plating layer or a silver spraying layer on the outer surface of the ceramic medium is used as the outer conductor.
According to the frequency hopping filter using the dielectric coaxial resonator, the inner conductor is a copper wire, a silver wire or a forged piece.
According to the frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator of the present invention, the method of obtaining the copper clad outer conductor comprises:
putting the dried and formed ceramic medium into an ion magnetron sputtering instrument; sputtering gold as a target material under current to obtain a ceramic medium plated with gold; soaking the gold-plated ceramic medium in electroplating solution to carry out copper plating; and then coating the surface of the ceramic medium plated with the copper by using cotton soaked with a gold plating solution to finish a gold plating process, thereby obtaining a copper plating layer.
According to the frequency hopping filter using the dielectric coaxial resonator of the invention, the method for obtaining the outer conductor of the silver-sprayed layer comprises the following steps:
spraying and drying the ceramic medium for multiple times by silver spraying equipment, and sintering to obtain a silver spraying layer;
or screen printing silver paste on the surface of the ceramic medium and then sintering at high temperature to obtain the silver-sprayed layer.
According to the frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators of the present invention, each capacitance unit includes one or more binary capacitors.
According to the frequency hopping filter using the dielectric coaxial resonator of the present invention, the capacitor unit is a capacitor array.
According to the frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators of the present invention, each capacitor array includes 20 capacitors, and the capacitance value of each capacitor is between 0 and 20 pF.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a frequency hopping coaxial cavity filter with small size, low loss and ultrahigh frequency band. Due to the fact that the structural design of the resonant cavity and the arrangement form of other electronic components are convenient to manufacture and assemble, the problem that the actual manufacturing and theoretical design deviation is large can be solved.
The frequency hopping filter is driven by changing the capacitor, has a smaller resonance structure, can be integrated on a PCB, is easy to manufacture and install, and has performance parameters close to theoretical design. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of high power, tunability, narrow bandwidth, large frequency hopping range and high out-of-band rejection, and can well solve the problem of co-site interference of a communication system.
According to the invention, ceramic is used as a filling medium to replace a traditional air medium resonant cavity, so that the conduction rate is improved, the miniaturization of the whole structure is realized, and the temperature drift is greatly reduced; the integrated double-resonant cavity structure is adopted to replace a method of air coupling of two coaxial resonant cavities adopted by most filters, the manufacturing error and the installation difficulty of the actual filter are effectively reduced, and the performance and the practicability of the filter are improved.
The invention changes the resonance frequency by changing the capacitance, can obtain a small inductance and small capacitance with high Q value and high stability in a high frequency range, and can reduce the parasitic parameters in high frequency and obtain stable resonance frequency by a small and compact capacitance unit structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the HFSS modeling of the frequency hopping filter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an integral resonator cavity;
FIG. 4 is an ADS equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention; in the figure, L1 is a first resonant inductor, L2 is a first resonant inductor, C1 is a first capacitor unit, C2 is a second capacitor unit, Term1 represents a first emission source, and Term2 represents a second emission source; S6P includes the coupling relation among all components;
FIG. 5 is a simulated S-parameter curve of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
First embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators, including a first resonant cavity 11, a first resonant inductor 12, a first capacitor unit 13, a second resonant cavity 21, a second resonant inductor 22, a second capacitor unit 23, a coupling window 3, and a circuit board 4,
the first resonant cavity 11 and the second resonant cavity 21 are connected into an integral resonant cavity through the coupling window 3, and the first resonant cavity 11 and the second resonant cavity 21 are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner;
the first inner conductor 11-1 of the first resonant cavity 11 is connected with the input port 6 of the filter through a lead 5, and the second inner conductor 21-1 of the second resonant cavity 21 is connected with the output port 7 of the filter through a lead;
the first resonant inductor 12 is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the first resonant cavity 11, and the second resonant inductor 22 is arranged on the conducting wire and connected in series with the second resonant cavity 21; the first capacitor unit 13 is connected with the first resonant cavity 11 in parallel, and the second capacitor unit 23 is connected with the second resonant cavity 21 in parallel; the first resonant inductor 12 and the first capacitor unit 13 are respectively arranged at two sides of the integrated resonant cavity together with the second resonant inductor 22 and the second capacitor unit 23;
the first resonant cavity 11, the first resonant inductor 12, the first capacitor unit 13, the second resonant cavity 21, the second resonant inductor 22, the second capacitor unit 23 and the coupling window 3 are fixed on the circuit board 4 in a soldering mode.
In this embodiment, the first resonant inductor 12 is connected to the first inner conductor 11-1 side, and the second resonant inductor 22 is connected to the second inner conductor 21-1 side.
In the frequency hopping filter of this embodiment, the structure formed by connecting the first resonant cavity 11 and each component and the structure formed by connecting the second resonant cavity 21 and each component are arranged in central symmetry with the midpoint of the coupling window 3 as the center.
Referring to fig. 2, the overall structure of the present embodiment is centrosymmetric, the resonant cavity is the center, and the input/output port is single; the inductor is connected with the resonant cavity in series and is arranged on two sides of the resonant cavity; the capacitor units are connected with the resonant cavity in parallel and are arranged on two sides of the resonant cavity. All components are fixed on the circuit board in a soldering mode.
In order to realize the band-pass function of the filter, the front end and the rear end of the integrated resonant cavity are respectively connected with a resonant inductor with the same or different inductance values in series, and the inductance value can be determined by circuit simulation software ADS.
In the simulation analysis software ADS, an equivalent circuit diagram of the frequency hopping filter shown in fig. 4 is drawn, and the values of the inductor and the capacitor are manually adjusted, so that the bandwidth, the in-band insertion loss, the in-band return loss, the working frequency and the working frequency jitter range all meet the technical requirements, and the corresponding values of the inductor and the capacitor can be used as final determined values.
In order to realize the frequency hopping function, the front end and the rear end of the integrated resonant cavity are respectively connected with a same or different capacitor array or one or more binary capacitors in parallel, and the frequency band is adjusted by selecting different capacitors.
As an example, the inductance value of the resonant inductor is 28 nH.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the first resonant cavity 11 and the second resonant cavity 21 have the same structure;
the first resonant cavity 11 also comprises a ceramic medium 11-2 and an outer conductor 11-3, wherein a copper plating layer or a silver spraying layer on the outer surface of the ceramic medium 11-2 is used as the outer conductor 11-3.
In this embodiment, each resonant cavity includes an input and output port, an outer conductor, an inner conductor, and a filling medium. The ceramic dielectric 11-2 may be a CTW-E80 type ceramic from Wuxi pioneer ceramics technology, Inc., or a quartz glass such as synthetic quartz glass produced by Philippines, Quartz, or a dielectric resin (polytetrafluoroethylene).
The inner conductor, the outer conductor and the ceramic medium form a coaxial resonant cavity with a short circuit at the terminal.
The ceramic dielectric 11-2 is a rectangular cavity, the front part of the ceramic dielectric is provided with a groove, the inner conductor 11-1 is inserted, and the rest surfaces except the side wall surface where the inner conductor 11-1 is inserted are provided with the outer conductor 11-3.
By way of example, the inner conductor is a copper, silver wire or forging with a diameter of 2 mm.
Still further, the method for obtaining the outer conductor of the copper-plated layer comprises the following steps:
putting the dried and formed ceramic medium into an ion magnetron sputtering instrument; sputtering gold as a target material under current to obtain a ceramic medium plated with gold; soaking the gold-plated ceramic medium in electroplating solution to carry out copper plating; and then coating the surface of the ceramic medium plated with copper by using cotton soaked with a gold plating liquid medicine under certain conditions to finish a gold plating process to obtain a copper plating layer and obtain a metalized resonant cavity.
Still further, the method for obtaining the silver-sprayed layer outer conductor comprises the following steps:
spraying the ceramic medium by silver spraying equipment, drying, spraying again, and sintering after multiple spraying to obtain a silver spraying layer;
or screen printing silver paste on the surface of the ceramic medium and then sintering at high temperature to obtain a silver spraying layer, thereby obtaining the metalized resonant cavity.
As an example, each capacitive unit comprises one or more binary capacitors.
As an example, the capacitive unit is a capacitive array.
By way of example, each capacitor array comprises 20 capacitors, each capacitor having a capacitance value between 0 and 20 pF.
In the embodiment, in order to reduce manufacturing and assembly errors, make the actual performance of the cavity filter consistent with the simulation result and facilitate final installation, the two resonant cavities and the coupling window are designed into a whole, the material of the coupling window is the same as that of the resonant cavities, and the outer layer is plated with copper or sprayed with silver. The coupling window 3 can be made of quartz glass, and the outer layer is plated with copper, so that the manufacturing error caused by the air coupling structure mode of the two resonant cavities is effectively avoided. For convenience of installation and adaptation to the design of the whole circuit, the input and output directions of the two resonant cavities are opposite. And a copper conductor is connected below the resonant cavity and is used for grounding.
In this embodiment, the overall maximum size of the frequency hopping filter can be controlled as follows: the length is 34mm, the width is 21mm, the height is 4.55mm, and the miniaturization of the filter is realized.
As shown in FIG. 5, the bandwidth of the frequency hopping filter is between 15MHZ and 25MHZ, the in-band insertion loss is not more than 2dB, the in-band return loss is not more than-10 dB, the working frequency range is between 690MHZ and 800MHZ, and the electrical performance is excellent.
In fig. 5, when the capacitance is 1pF and the inductance is 28nH, the center frequency of the frequency hopping filter is 760MHz and the return loss-10 dB bandwidth is 24MHz, as can be seen from the curves S (1,1) and S (1, 2). By varying the capacitance range, the center frequency can be swept in the range of 670MHz to 760 MHz.
The frequency hopping filter designed by adopting the technical scheme has the advantages that: the frequency hopping response is rapid, the frequency hopping range is wide, the in-band insertion loss is small, the out-of-band rejection is high, and the anti-interference capability of the communication system can be effectively improved. In addition, the ceramic material is used as a filling medium, so that the conductivity is improved, the volume is reduced, and the temperature drift is small under the same condition. The present invention also allows for the selection of different values of capacitance to enable the frequency hopping filter to operate over multiple bands between 300MHZ and 1200 MHZ.
In summary, the key technical indicators involved in the present invention are described as follows:
1. the working frequency range is as follows: 300MHZ to 1200 MHZ;
2. bandwidth: 15 to 25 MHz;
3. in-band insertion loss: not more than 2 dB;
4. in-band return loss: not more than-10 dB;
5. output impedance: 50 omega;
6. working temperature: -20 ℃ to +60 ℃.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. A frequency hopping filter using a dielectric coaxial resonator is characterized by comprising a first resonant cavity (11), a first resonant inductor (12), a first capacitor unit (13), a second resonant cavity (21), a second resonant inductor (22), a second capacitor unit (23), a coupling window (3) and a circuit board (4),
the first resonant cavity (11) and the second resonant cavity (21) are connected into an integral resonant cavity through the coupling window (3), and the first resonant cavity (11) and the second resonant cavity (21) are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner;
the first inner conductor (11-1) of the first resonant cavity (11) is connected with the input port of the filter through a lead, and the second inner conductor (21-1) of the second resonant cavity (21) is connected with the output port of the filter through a lead;
the first resonant inductor (12) is arranged on the lead and connected in series with the first resonant cavity (11), and the second resonant inductor (22) is arranged on the lead and connected in series with the second resonant cavity (21); the first capacitor unit (13) is connected with the first resonant cavity (11) in parallel, and the second capacitor unit (23) is connected with the second resonant cavity (21) in parallel; the first resonant inductor (12) and the first capacitor unit (13) are respectively arranged at two sides of the integrated resonant cavity together with the second resonant inductor (22) and the second capacitor unit (23);
the first resonant cavity (11), the first resonant inductor (12), the first capacitor unit (13), the second resonant cavity (21), the second resonant inductor (22), the second capacitor unit (23) and the coupling window (3) are fixed on the circuit board (4) in a soldering mode.
2. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1,
the first resonant cavity (11) and the second resonant cavity (21) have the same structure;
the first resonant cavity (11) also comprises a ceramic medium and an outer conductor, wherein a copper plating layer or a silver spraying layer on the outer surface of the ceramic medium is used as the outer conductor.
3. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1 or 2,
the inner conductor is a copper or silver wire or a forged piece.
4. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1 or 2,
the method for obtaining the copper-plated layer outer conductor comprises the following steps:
putting the dried and formed ceramic medium into an ion magnetron sputtering instrument; sputtering gold as a target material under current to obtain a ceramic medium plated with gold; soaking the gold-plated ceramic medium in electroplating solution to carry out copper plating; and then coating the surface of the ceramic medium plated with the copper by using cotton soaked with a gold plating solution to finish a gold plating process, thereby obtaining a copper plating layer.
5. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1 or 2,
the method for obtaining the silver-sprayed layer outer conductor comprises the following steps:
spraying and drying the ceramic medium for multiple times by silver spraying equipment, and sintering to obtain a silver spraying layer;
or screen printing silver paste on the surface of the ceramic medium and then sintering at high temperature to obtain the silver-sprayed layer.
6. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1 or 2,
each capacitive unit includes one or more binary capacitors.
7. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 1 or 2,
the capacitor unit is a capacitor array.
8. The frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonators according to claim 7,
each capacitor array comprises 20 capacitors, each capacitor having a capacitance between 0 and 20 pF.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111675491.6A CN114374069A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonator |
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| CN202111675491.6A CN114374069A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Frequency hopping filter using dielectric coaxial resonator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296306A (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-05-23 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Medium filter, medium duplexer and communication equipment |
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| CN105742766A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-07-06 | 嘉兴佳利电子有限公司 | Combined filter employing ceramic resonator grooving and coupling mode |
| WO2020054964A1 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-19 | 주식회사 에이스테크놀로지 | Ceramic waveguide filter |
| CN113067559A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-02 | 广东圣大电子有限公司 | Numerical control integrated adjustable frequency hopping filter |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111675491.6A patent/CN114374069A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296306A (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-05-23 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Medium filter, medium duplexer and communication equipment |
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| CN113067559A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-02 | 广东圣大电子有限公司 | Numerical control integrated adjustable frequency hopping filter |
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| Title |
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