CN114373282A - Debris flow early warning device and early warning method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a debris flow early warning device and an early warning method thereof, which are used for analyzing the characteristics of debris flow by arranging the debris flow early warning device and monitoring and warning the debris flow in real time by adopting a flow velocity sensor comprising a deformation sensing line, thereby realizing more accurate, comprehensive and timely monitoring of the debris flow and being beneficial to reducing the economic and life damages caused by the debris flow. The debris flow early warning device is low in cost, strong in field adaptability, capable of being widely arranged in each area and high in monitoring precision. The device can be widely popularized and applied, and can actually and effectively early warn debris flow disasters in real time.

Description

A kind of debris flow early warning device and early warning method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor application, and in particular relates to a debris flow early warning device and an early warning method thereof.

Background technique

Debris flow refers to a special torrent that carries a large amount of sediment and rocks due to landslides caused by heavy rain, blizzard or other natural disasters in mountainous areas or other areas with deep ravines and steep terrain. Debris flow has the characteristics of suddenness, fast velocity, large flow, large material capacity and strong destructive power. Debris flows often wash out roads, railways and other transportation facilities and even villages and towns, causing huge losses.

Debris flow is a torrent formed by heavy rains and floods that saturated and diluted the sandy and soft soil mountains. Its area, volume and flow are large, while landslides are small areas of diluted soil mountains. A typical debris flow consists of suspended It is composed of viscous mud containing coarse solid debris and rich in silt and clay. Under appropriate topographic conditions, a large amount of water infiltrates the solid accumulation material in the flowing hillside or ditch bed, reducing its stability, and the water-saturated solid accumulation material moves under the action of its own gravity, forming a debris flow. Debris flow is a catastrophic geological phenomenon. Mudslides usually erupt suddenly, violently, and can carry huge boulders. Because of its high speed and powerful energy, it is extremely destructive.

The whole process of debris flow is generally only a few hours, and only a few minutes. It is a natural disaster that is widely distributed in some countries in the world with special topography and landforms. This is a mixed flow of soil, water and air between the sand-carrying water flow and the landslide, which is stimulated by water sources such as rainstorms, melting ice and snow, and contains a large amount of sediment and rocks on the mountain valley or mountain slope. Mudslides mostly occur with mountain floods. The difference between it and the general flood is that the torrent contains a sufficient amount of solid debris such as sand and gravel, and its volume content is at least 15% and up to about 80%, so it is more destructive than floods.

1. Classification by material composition:

1. The debris flow is composed of a large amount of clay, sand and stones with different particle sizes;

2. Mainly clay soil, containing a small amount of sand, stones, high viscosity and thick mud is called mud flow;

3. It is called water and stone flow composed of water, sand grains and stones of different sizes.

2. Classification by watershed form:

1. Standard debris flow

It is a typical debris flow, with a fan-shaped drainage area and a large area, which can clearly divide the formation area, the circulation area and the accumulation area.

2. Valley type debris flow

The watershed is in the shape of a long and narrow strip, and its formation area is mostly a valley in the upper reaches of the river. The source of solid matter is relatively scattered. Sometimes there is water in the valley all the year round, so the water source is rich, and the circulation area and the accumulation area are often not clearly separated.

3. Hillside debris flow

The drainage basin is bucket-shaped, and its area is generally less than 1000 square meters. There is no obvious circulation area, and the formation area is directly connected with the accumulation area.

Classification by state of matter

1. Cohesive debris flow, debris flow or mud flow containing a large amount of cohesive soil. It is characterized by: high viscosity, solid matter accounts for 40-60%, up to 80%. The water in it is not a transport medium, but a constituent substance, with a large consistency, the stones are in a suspended state, the outbreak is sudden, the duration is short, and the destructive power is large.

2. Diluted debris flow, with water as the main component, less cohesive soil, 10-40% solid matter, and great dispersibility. Water is the transport medium, and the stones move forward in a rolling or jumping manner, which has a strong downward cutting effect. The deposits are fan-shaped in the accumulation area, and after the accumulation stops, it looks like a "sea of stones".

The above classifications are the two most common classifications in China. In addition, there are various classification methods. For example, according to the causes of debris flow, there are: river type debris flow, rainfall type debris flow; according to the size of debris flow basin: large debris flow, medium debris flow and small debris flow; according to the development stage of debris flow, there are: debris flow in the development period, debris flow in the prosperous period and debris flow in the recession period and many more.

Three: The formation of debris flow requires three basic conditions: there is a steep and suitable terrain for water collection; there are abundant loose solid materials in the upstream accumulation;

1. Topographic and landform conditions:

The terrain has high mountains and deep ditch, the terrain is steep, the longitudinal depth of the ditch bed is reduced, and the shape of the flowing city is convenient for the collection of water flow. In geomorphology, the geomorphology of debris flow can generally be divided into three parts: formation area, circulation area and accumulation area. The topography of the upstream formation area is mostly surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the exit on one side is scoop-shaped or funnel-shaped. The terrain is relatively open, the surrounding mountains are high and steep, the mountains are broken, and the vegetation growth is poor. Such terrain is conducive to the concentration of water and debris; the middle reaches The terrain of the circulation area is mostly narrow, steep and deep canyons, and the vertical slope of the valley bed is large, so that the debris flow can be swift and violent; the terrain of the downstream accumulation area is open and flat piedmont plains or valley terraces, so that there are places for the accumulation of sediments.

2: Loose material source conditions:

Debris flows often occur in areas with complex geological structures, developed faults and folds, strong neotectonic activity and high seismic intensity. Surface rocks are broken, and unfavorable geological phenomena such as collapse, staggering, and landslides are developed, providing a rich source of solid materials for the formation of debris flows. In addition, the rock layers are loose, weak, easy to weather, joints, or soft and hard. Vulnerable to damage, it can also provide a rich source of debris for debris flows; some human engineering activities, such as deforestation caused soil erosion, mountain mining, quarrying and waste residue, etc., often also provide a large number of material sources for debris flows.

3: Water source conditions:

Water is not only an important part of debris flow, but also the excitation condition and transport medium (power source) of debris flow. The main sources of water for debris flows in my country are torrential rain and long-term continuous rainfall.

Fourth, the law of occurrence:

The timing of mudslides has a regular pattern.

1. Seasonal:

The outbreak of debris flow in my country is mainly stimulated by continuous rainfall, heavy rain, especially heavy rain. Therefore, the time law of debris flow occurrence is consistent with the time law of concentrated rainfall, with obvious seasonality. Usually occurs in the rainy summer and autumn. It varies according to the time of concentrated rainfall.

The rainfall in southwestern regions such as Sichuan and Yunnan is mostly concentrated in June-September. Therefore, mudslides in the southwestern region mostly occur in June-September; while the rainfall in the northwestern region is mostly concentrated in the three months of June, July, and August, especially in July and September. In August, the rainfall was concentrated and the rainstorm intensity was strong, so the mudslides in the northwest region mostly occurred in July and August. According to incomplete statistics, the debris flow disasters that occurred in these two months accounted for more than 90% of all debris flow disasters in the region.

2: Periodic:

The occurrence of mudslides is affected by torrential rains and floods, which always occur periodically. Therefore, the occurrence and development of debris flow also have a certain periodicity, and its activity cycle is generally consistent with that of torrential rain and flood. When the activity cycle of rainstorm and flood is superimposed with the seasonality, a climax of debris flow activity is often formed.

5. Harmful effects

Debris flows often have the characteristics of sudden, ferocious and rapid outbreaks. It also has the dual functions of collapse, landslide and flood damage, and its damage is more extensive and serious than that of single collapse, landslide and flood. Its harm to human beings is embodied in four aspects. According to statistics, 29 provinces (autonomous regions) and 771 counties (cities) in China are suffering from debris flows. The average annual frequency of debris flow disasters is 18 per county. In the past 40 years, the number of deaths directly caused by debris flows has reached More than 3700 people. According to incomplete statistics, in the more than 50 years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, about 4,400 people have been killed by mudslides in cities and towns above the county level in my country, and trillions of properties have been threatened. At present, my country has identified 138 cities and towns at or above the county level that are endangered or threatened by debris flows, mainly in western provinces such as Gansu (45), Sichuan (34), Yunnan (23) and Tibet (13). The number of township-level towns that are endangered or threatened by mudslides is even greater.

In addition, debris flows will cause serious damage to public facilities such as roads and railways, and have a huge impact on people's lives, social economy and development.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above problems and needs of the prior art, the present invention proposes a debris flow early warning device and an early warning method. By analyzing the characteristics of the debris flow, and using a flow velocity sensor including a deformation sensing line to monitor and alarm the debris flow in real time, Thus, more accurate, comprehensive and timely monitoring of debris flow is realized, which helps to reduce the economic and life damage caused by debris flow.

The concrete realization content of the present invention is as follows:

The invention provides a debris flow early warning device, which is used for real-time monitoring of the fluid flow rate and alarming the possible occurrence of debris flow; the debris flow early warning device includes a flow rate sensor, a data processing module, a data transmission module, a server, and a prediction terminal. ;

The flow velocity sensor includes a fixed beam, a deformation sensing wire, and a hanging object;

The end of the fixed beam is fixedly installed on the fluid bank located on the side of the fluid, and the beam body is erected above the fluid;

One end of the deformation sensing wire is fixedly wound on the fixed beam and then connected to the data processing module, and is connected to the data transmission module, the server and the prediction terminal through the data processing module for signal link connection;

The other end of the deformation sensing wire is fixedly connected with the suspension, and is suspended and immersed in the fluid through the suspension;

The deformation sensing wire is a conductive material that can generate elastic deformation.

In order to better realize the present invention, further, the deformation sensing wire includes fiber pipes and conductive fillers;

The fiber pipe adopts deformable fiber material, and the conductive filler is arranged in the inner pipe of the fiber pipe.

In order to better realize the present invention, further, the conductive filler is a conductive liquid or an elastically deformable conductive solid.

In order to better realize the present invention, further, the hanging object is spherical.

In order to better realize the present invention, it further includes a spring, one end of the spring is arranged on the fixed beam, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the suspension; the deformation sensing wire passes through the spring and is connected to the fixed beam and the suspension. and when there is no fluid action and no deformation sensing wire is set on the suspension, the pulling force of the spring on the suspension is equal to the gravity of the suspension.

In order to better realize the present invention, further, the fixed beams are arranged in multiple groups, and each group of fixed beams is arranged at different flow sections of the fluid at intervals; the lengths of the deformation sensing lines set on the fixed beams of each group are correspondingly consistent. .

In order to better implement the present invention, further, multiple sets of deformation sensing lines are arranged on one set of the fixed beams; and the lengths set between the multiple sets of deformation sensing lines on one set of the fixed beams are inconsistent.

A method for early warning of debris flow, based on the above-mentioned device for early warning of debris flow; the method for early warning of debris flow includes the following steps:

Step 1: Hang the suspended object in the fluid, drive the suspended object to displace through the fluid, and drive the deformation sensing wire to pull to produce deformation;

Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the resistance value of the deformation sensing line in fluids with different flow rates;

Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line, when the deformation sensing line is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line, and according to the material of the deformation sensing line The resistivity, length, and resistance value are calculated to obtain the current resistance value;

Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated resistance value to the server through the data transmission module for conversion to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate alarm threshold, and the monitored flow rate is greater than Alarm when the flow rate alarm threshold is set; set the flow rate growth threshold, and alarm when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold.

In order to better realize the present invention, further, the data of each actual monitoring is recorded to enrich the database, and a machine learning algorithm is used to revise and learn the monitoring.

The present invention also proposes a method for early warning of debris flow, which is based on the above-mentioned device for early warning of debris flow by setting suspensions of different heights on the same fixed beam, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1: Hang the suspended object in the fluid, drive the suspended object to displace through the fluid, and drive the deformation sensing wire to pull to produce deformation;

Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the electrical signal corresponding to the deformation sensing line in fluids with different flow rates;

Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line, when the deformation sensing line is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line, and according to the material of the deformation sensing line The current electrical signal feedback value is obtained by calculating the resistivity, length and resistance value; and the current water level is measured according to the hanging objects of different heights set on the same fixed beam;

Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated electrical signal feedback value and water level feedback value to the server through the data transmission module, and converts to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate Alarm threshold, alarm when the monitored flow rate is greater than the flow rate alarm threshold; set the flow rate growth threshold, when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold, an alarm is issued.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The cost of the device is low, it can be widely arranged in various areas with high debris flow, and it has strong promotion, popularity and applicability;

(2) The debris flow is fed back through the resistance change brought about by the deformation of the deformation sensing line, and the measurement accuracy is higher than that of liquid level monitoring and the like in the prior art.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the device of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of multiple sets of deformation sensing lines with different heights being set on the same fixed beam;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the deformation sensing wire and the suspended object when the deformation is driven by the fluid;

Figure 4 is a top view of the deformation sensing wire and the hanging object hanging down naturally when there is no fluid;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fixed beam fixed on the fluid side by a cantilever beam structure.

Among them: 1. Fluid shore, 2. Fluid, 3. Fixed beam, 4. Deformation sensing line, 5. Suspended object.

Detailed ways

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only Some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention should therefore not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can also be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example 1:

This embodiment proposes a debris flow early warning device, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, which is used to monitor the flow rate of fluid 2 in real time and give an alarm when debris flow may occur; the debris flow early warning The device includes a flow rate sensor, a data processing module, a data transmission module, a server, and a prediction terminal;

The flow velocity sensor includes a fixed beam 3, a deformation sensing wire 4, and a suspension 5;

The end of the fixed beam 3 is fixedly installed on the fluid bank 1 located on the side of the fluid 2 and the beam body is erected above the fluid 2;

One end of the deformation sensing wire 4 is fixedly wound on the fixed beam 3 and then connected to the data processing module, and is connected with the data transmission module, the server and the prediction terminal through the data processing module for signal link connection;

The other end of the deformation sensing wire 4 is fixedly connected with the hanging object 5, and is suspended and immersed in the fluid 2 through the hanging object 5;

The deformation sensing wire 4 is a conductive material that can generate elastic deformation.

Working principle: The suspension object 5 makes the deformation sensing wire 4 hang down into the fluid 2 naturally, and at the same time, the suspension object 5 is displaced by the flushing of the fluid 2, and the deformation sensing wire 4 is driven by the suspension object 5 to deform. When the weight of the suspension object 5 is known, the size of the deformation caused by the suspension object 5 driving the deformation sensing wire 4 under different scouring forces can be summed up;

The deformation sensing wire 4 is a conductive material. During the process of the deformation sensing wire 4 being stretched or retracted with the tensile force, the diameter of the deformation sensing wire 4 decreases with the increase of the length. It increases with the decrease of the length, which brings about the change of the resistance value. The deformation sensing wire 4 is used as an electrical conductor, and the calculation of the resistance value is as follows:

R=ρ*L/S (1)

Among them, ρ is the material resistivity of the electrical conductor;

L is the length of the electrical conductor;

S is the area of the cross-section of the electrical conductor;

R is the resistance value of the electrical conductor.

The volume of an electrical conductor is calculated as follows:

V=L*S (2)

where V is the volume of the electrical conductor.

From formula (1) and formula (2), the formula for calculating the resistance value of the electric conductor can be obtained as follows:

R=L*L*ρ/V;

Therefore, when the material resistivity of the deformation sensing wire 4 is known, the corresponding flow velocity of the fluid 2 can be calculated according to the resistance value obtained from the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing wire 4 . Then, to judge the characteristics of debris flow, a threshold value of debris flow velocity is set. When the monitored velocity exceeds this threshold, it means that the water flow is turbulent, etc., and there is a risk of sudden debris flow. At the same time, reports are also made for the sudden and sharp increase in the flow rate, because it is likely to be a sudden mudslide.

Through the above settings, the flow rate of the fluid 2 can be monitored in real time, so as to better and more accurately give an early warning to the debris flow.

Example 2:

In this embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, in order to better realize the present invention, further, the deformation sensing wire 4 includes a fiber pipe and a conductive filler;

The fiber pipe adopts deformable fiber material, and the conductive filler is arranged in the inner pipe of the fiber pipe. The diameter or width of the inner tube channel is smaller than that of the conductive filler, and the shape of the cross section of the inner tube channel may be circular, triangular, rectangular, elliptical, polygonal, irregular, or the like.

Working principle: The fiber pipe can produce deformation, reduce the diameter in the pipe, and can also drive the conductive filler to reduce the diameter together; at the same time, the fiber pipe can achieve insulation protection, and can also protect the conductive filler. In the actual measurement, the resistance value of the conductive filler is measured. The fiber pipe can greatly guarantee the long-term use of the conductive filler, and avoid the loss or loss of the conductive filler caused by the application in the field or in a harsh environment. damage, affecting the measurement accuracy.

Fiber conduits are environment-aware materials, including but not limited to shape memory polymer fibers, hydrogel fibers, shape memory polymer doped fibers, and other sensitive deformation materials, doped materials. The conductive filler contains electrical materials, including but not limited to liquid metals, piezoelectric materials, piezoresistive materials, and other materials or devices that can generate electrical signals with deformation. Wherein, the conductive filler can be encapsulated by a flexible and insulating material such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and the conductive ends at both ends can be overlapped, so as not to affect the electrical properties of the internal material.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, and thus are not repeated here.

Example 3:

This embodiment is based on any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-2, in order to better realize the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 5 , further, the hanging object 5 is spherical.

Working principle: The spherical suspension 5 can better and more uniformly receive the scouring of the fluid 2, and the force is uniform, so that the feedback pulling force on the deformation sensing wire 4 is relatively more uniform and accurate, and the spherical shape can better absorb the fluid 2. It is not easily damaged by other debris in the fluid 2, etc. Considering all aspects, spherical is a better choice.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-2, and thus are not repeated here.

Example 4:

On the basis of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-3, in order to better realize the present invention, this embodiment further includes a spring, one end of the spring is arranged on the fixed beam 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed beam 3. The suspension object 5; the deformation sensing wire 4 is connected to the fixed beam 3 and the suspension object 5 through the spring; and when no fluid 2 acts and the deformation sensing wire 4 is not set on the suspension object 5, the spring is opposite to the suspension object 5. The pulling force of the suspension 5 is equal to the gravity of the suspension 5 .

Working principle: The spring can protect the deformation sensing wire 4 to a certain extent, so as to avoid damage to the deformation sensing wire 4 caused by excessive tension.

Spring Options:

Length - according to the specific layout scene, one end of the spring (diameter 5~10mm) is connected to the small ball and the other end is connected to the fixed beam,

It is required that the hanging object 5 hangs naturally at a position below 1/4 of the water level in the wet season or 30cm~50cm higher than the bottom river bed;

Stiffness——According to the actual rainwater law in the region and the advice of geological disaster experts, select appropriate materials and specifications. When the bulk density is ≤1.5t/m ³ For protection, it deforms in the same proportion as the smart fiber without breaking, and corrosion protection needs to be considered.

Mass of Suspended Object 5 - Link Suspended Object 5 to the spring, in the suspended static state, the gravity of Suspended Object 5 = Spring tension and when Suspension Object 5 is directly hung on the lower end of Deformation Sensing Line 4, its weight will not cause deformation sensing. Line 4 failed.

Deformation sensing wire 4—passes through the inside of the spring, one end is connected to the suspension 5 and the other end is connected to the fixed beam 3, and the length is kept the same as the length of the spring when the suspension 5 is suspended.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-3, and thus are not repeated here.

Example 5:

This embodiment is based on any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-4, in order to better realize the present invention, further, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIG. 5 :

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 , multiple groups of the fixed beams 3 are arranged, and each group of fixed beams 3 is arranged at different flow sections of the fluid 2 at intervals; the length of the deformation sensing lines 4 arranged on the fixed beams 3 of each group is All correspond to the same.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in order to better realize the present invention, further, multiple sets of deformation sensing lines 4 are arranged on a set of the fixed beams 3 ; multiple sets of deformation sensing lines 4 on a set of the fixed beams 3 The lengths set between them are inconsistent.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the fixed beam 3 can choose a structure in which both ends are fixed on one side of the fluid 2 , and in some cases, as shown in FIG. 5 , a cantilever beam structure fixed on a separate side of the fluid 2 can also be used. It is characterized by small size, light weight, convenient transportation, simple construction and strong mobility. Because the formation of debris flow is mostly caused by continuous torrential rain or heavy rainfall in the area, the location of sensor deployment is uncertain. Due to the small size, light weight and simple construction of the device, it is possible to set up observation points in the debris flow formation area with high mobility to monitor its development trend.

Working principle: By comprehensively calculating the electrical signals transmitted by the deformation sensing lines 4 on the fixed beam 3 in different flow sections of the fluid 2, the flow velocity of the different flow sections can be measured, and the current flow velocity of the fluid 2 can be comprehensively evaluated.

By comprehensively calculating the electrical signals transmitted by the deformation sensing wires 4 of different heights on the same fixed beam 3 , more accurate data at the position of the fluid 2 can be obtained.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-4, and thus are not repeated here.

Example 6:

This embodiment also proposes a method for early warning of debris flow, based on the above-mentioned device for early warning of debris flow; the method for early warning of debris flow includes the following steps:

Step 1: Hang the hanging object 5 in the fluid 2, drive the hanging object 5 to produce displacement through the fluid 2, and drive the deformation sensing wire 4 to pull to produce deformation;

Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the electrical signal corresponding to the deformation sensing line 4 in the fluid 2 with different flow rates;

Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line 4, when the deformation sensing line 4 is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line 4, and use the data processing module The material resistivity, length and resistance value of wire 4 are calculated to obtain the current resistance value;

Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated resistance value to the server through the data transmission module for conversion to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate alarm threshold, and the monitored flow rate is greater than Alarm when the flow rate alarm threshold is set; set the flow rate growth threshold, and alarm when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold.

Example 7:

On the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 6, in order to better realize the present invention, the present embodiment further records the data of each actual monitoring to enrich the database, and uses a machine learning algorithm to revise and learn the monitoring.

Working principle: Algorithmic monitoring through computer artificial intelligence AI can make monitoring more accurate. At the same time, deep learning methods including but not limited to machine learning model training, genetic algorithm, etc. are added to continuously enrich the database and optimize the monitoring structure.

Example 8:

The present embodiment also proposes a method for early warning of debris flow, which is based on the above-mentioned device for early warning of debris flow in which hanging objects of different heights are arranged on the same fixed beam, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1: Hang the hanging object 5 in the fluid 2, drive the hanging object 5 to produce displacement through the fluid 2, and drive the deformation sensing wire 4 to pull to produce deformation;

Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the electrical signal corresponding to the deformation sensing line 4 in the fluid 2 with different flow rates;

Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line 4, when the deformation sensing line 4 is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line 4, and use the data processing module The material resistivity, length and resistance value of the wire 4 are calculated to obtain the current electrical signal feedback value; and the current water level is measured according to the suspension objects 5 of different heights arranged on the same fixed beam 3;

Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated electrical signal feedback value and water level feedback value to the server through the data transmission module, and converts to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate Alarm threshold, alarm when the monitored flow rate is greater than the flow rate alarm threshold; set the flow rate growth threshold, when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold, an alarm is issued.

Working principle: Suspensions 5 with different heights are set on the same fixed beam 3. When the suspension 5 is on the water level, the force remains stable to a certain extent, and the force fluctuation is not large, and the feedback signal received by the system is relatively stable. ; When the suspended object 5 is in the fluid 2, in the process of the water level rising, when the suspended object 5 on the water level touches the water surface, it will be subject to upward buoyancy, and the change of the force will lead to a change in the feedback of the electrical signal, and when the water level drops , when the suspension 5 in the fluid 2 is separated from the fluid 2, the buoyancy it receives disappears. By monitoring the above conditions and combining the different heights of the suspension 5, the water level can be monitored. At the same time, the occurrence of debris flow is monitored in combination with water level data and flow velocity, and the monitoring effect is better.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as the above-mentioned Embodiment 7, and thus are not repeated here.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention fall into the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A debris flow early warning device, used for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the fluid (2) and alarming of possible debris flow situations; it is characterized in that, it includes a flow rate sensor, a data processing module, a data transmission module, a server, and a prediction terminal. ; The flow velocity sensor includes a fixed beam (3), a deformation sensing wire (4), and a hanging object (5); The end of the fixed beam (3) is fixedly installed on the fluid bank (1) located on the side of the fluid (2), and the beam body is erected above the fluid (2); One end of the deformation sensing wire (4) is fixedly wound on the fixed beam (3) and then connected to the data processing module, and is connected with the data transmission module, the server and the prediction terminal through the data processing module for signal link connection; The other end of the deformation sensing wire (4) is fixedly connected with the hanging object (5), and is suspended and immersed in the fluid (2) by the hanging object (5); The deformation sensing wire (4) is a conductive material that can generate elastic deformation. 2 . The debris flow early warning device according to claim 1 , wherein the deformation sensing wire ( 4 ) comprises a fiber pipe and a conductive filler; 2 . The fiber pipe adopts deformable fiber material, and the conductive filler is arranged in the inner pipe of the fiber pipe. 3 . The device for early warning of debris flow according to claim 2 , wherein the conductive filler is a conductive liquid or an elastically deformable conductive solid. 4 . 4 . The debris flow early warning device according to claim 1 , wherein the hanging object ( 5 ) is spherical. 5 . 5. A debris flow early warning device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a spring, one end of the spring is arranged on the fixed beam (3), and the other end is fixedly connected to the Suspended object (5); the deformation sensing line (4) is connected to the fixed beam (3) and the hanging object (5) through a spring; and when no fluid (2) acts and the deformation sensing line (4) is not provided When on the suspension (5), the pulling force of the spring on the suspension (5) is equal to the gravity of the suspension (5). 6. A debris flow early warning device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, the fixed beams (3) are provided in multiple groups, and each group of fixed beams (3) is arranged at intervals in the fluid (2) The lengths of the deformation sensing lines (4) set on each group of the fixed beams (3) are correspondingly consistent. 7. A debris flow early warning device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, a group of said fixed beams (3) are provided with multiple groups of deformation sensing lines (4); The lengths set among the multiple groups of deformation sensing wires (4) on the fixed beam (3) are inconsistent. 8. A debris flow early warning method, based on a debris flow early warning device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Hang the hanging object (5) in the fluid (2), drive the hanging object (5) to produce displacement through the fluid (2), and drive the deformation sensing wire (4) to pull to produce deformation; Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the electrical signal corresponding to the deformation sensing line (4) in the fluid (2) with different flow rates; Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line (4), when the deformation sensing line (4) is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line (4) , and calculate the current electrical signal feedback value according to the material resistivity, length and resistance value of the deformation sensing wire (4); Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated electrical signal feedback value to the server through the data transmission module to convert to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate alarm threshold, and monitor the detected flow rate. Alarm when the flow rate is greater than the flow rate alarm threshold; set the flow rate growth threshold, and alarm when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold. 9 . The method for early warning of debris flow according to claim 8 , wherein the data of each actual monitoring is recorded to enrich the database, and a machine learning algorithm is used to revise and learn the monitoring. 10 . 10. A method for early warning of debris flow, based on a device for early warning of debris flow according to claim 7, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Hang the hanging object (5) in the fluid (2), drive the hanging object (5) to produce displacement through the fluid (2), and drive the deformation sensing wire (4) to pull to produce deformation; Step 2: Calculate the relationship between the deformation amount and the electrical signal corresponding to the deformation sensing line (4) in the fluid (2) with different flow rates; Step 3: In the actual measurement, perform electrical signal transmission on the deformation sensing line (4), when the deformation sensing line (4) is pulled; use the data processing module to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the deformation sensing line (4) , and calculate the current electrical signal feedback value according to the material resistivity, length, and resistance value of the deformation sensing wire (4); Measure the current water level; Step 4: The data processing module sends the calculated electrical signal feedback value and water level feedback value to the server through the data transmission module, and converts to obtain the corresponding current flow rate, and judges whether an alarm needs to be performed according to the current flow rate; the specific judgment is: set the flow rate Alarm threshold, alarm when the monitored flow rate is greater than the flow rate alarm threshold; set the flow rate growth threshold, when the real-time increase of the flow rate monitored in real time exceeds the flow rate growth threshold, an alarm is issued.

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