CN114370036B - Novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula - Google Patents
Novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114370036B CN114370036B CN202210140003.XA CN202210140003A CN114370036B CN 114370036 B CN114370036 B CN 114370036B CN 202210140003 A CN202210140003 A CN 202210140003A CN 114370036 B CN114370036 B CN 114370036B
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- Prior art keywords
- fishway
- key
- weir
- novel
- fish
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fishway structure with a key and weir combined orifice. The key weir in this structure sets up the stability that is used for stabilizing flood in-process pond room water level, makes the flow state of pond room lower part keep stable through the retaining of key weir at each level and helps the fish to trace to the journey. The invention is designed integrally by combining the key weirs and the orifice type fishways, so that the system is applied to fishway engineering with larger drainage flow in flood period or under flood period, the water level is stabilized by utilizing the key weirs, the overflow capacity and the capacity of adapting to water level change of the fishway are enhanced, and the fish is protected to a certain extent during the upstream stage, so that the physical strength of the fish is reduced due to disturbance of flow state, thereby helping the fish to trace the upstream, greatly saving resources and protecting biodiversity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fishway design, in particular to a novel fishway structure with a key and weir combined orifice.
Background
Nowadays, the problems of improving the connectivity of rivers, repairing the ecological environment of the destroyed rivers, protecting the diversity of the rivers and the like have attracted wide attention in the fields of ecology, hydraulic engineering and the like. The awareness of ecological environment protection is gradually strengthened, and many hydraulic engineering begins to try to protect the ecological environment while playing the original role, so that the hydraulic engineering and the ecology are integrated. There are many forms of fishways developed to date, such as: the fishway engineering can save the situation of ecological damage to the greatest extent while keeping the original hydraulic engineering, and has important significance for ecological protection. However, in the use process of the conventional fishway device in the flood period, the physical strength can be greatly lost in the fish tracing process due to large water level change and unstable pool chamber flow state, and the influence on the fish tracing process is large. Therefore, the invention provides a novel orifice type fishway structure combined with a key and a weir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel orifice type fishway structure combined by keys and weirs, which solves the existing problems: in the use process of the existing fishway device in the flood period, the physical strength can be greatly lost in the fish tracing process due to large water level change and unstable pool chamber flow state, and the influence on the fish tracing process is large.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the novel fishway structure comprises a side wall body and a bottom surface, wherein a fishway is formed by enclosing the side wall body and the bottom surface;
a plurality of partition boards are arranged in the fishway, and divide the fishway into a plurality of pool chambers;
the baffle includes baffle main part, fishway drill way and key weir, middle part one side of baffle main part is provided with the fishway drill way, the fishway drill way communicates two adjacent pond rooms, just baffle main part top opposite side is provided with the key weir.
Further preferably, the key weir is provided with a flow limiting structure for blocking water flow, so that the flow speed of the water flow can be reduced.
Further preferably, the current limiting structure is a plurality of buffer units arranged on the key weir, and each buffer unit is provided with an inclined notch.
Further preferably, the directions of the inclined notches of the two adjacent buffer units are opposite.
Further preferably, the fishway aperture is a rectangular slot.
Further preferably, the fishway aperture has a width of 1m and a height of 0.6m.
Further preferably, the fishway openings of the two adjacent clapboards are arranged in a left-right crossing manner, and the key weirs of the two adjacent clapboards are arranged in a left-right crossing manner.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention keeps the water level difference amplitude between each stage of pool chambers smaller through the water storage function of the key weir, and then the water level height in the reservoir at the upstream of the dam body is gradually reduced from the inlet end of the outlet section fishway to the outlet end of the outlet section fishway and the pool chamber flow state is stable through the energy dissipation function of a plurality of partition boards until the liquid level height in the pool chamber at the last stage in the outlet section fishway meets the design requirement height entering the fishway passing through the dam section; moreover, even if the liquid level in the upstream water reservoir of the dam body fluctuates greatly, the liquid level in the pool chamber of the last stage is hardly affected after the energy dissipation effect of the plurality of baffles on the water flow; therefore, when the liquid level in the upstream reservoir fluctuates, the water flow in the fishway is still stable, and the fishway outlet is arranged, so that the invention can adapt to the condition that the liquid level in the upstream reservoir fluctuates, can reduce the fishway cost, and can save the later management cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the separator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a separator of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a separator of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a side wall; 2. a bottom surface; 3. a partition plate; 31. a separator body; 32, fishway orifice; and 33, a key weir.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention discloses a novel fishway structure with a key and weir combined orifice, which comprises a side wall body 1 and a bottom surface 2;
the side wall body 1 and the bottom surface 2 are enclosed to form a fishway;
a plurality of baffle plates 3 are arranged in the fishway;
the separator 3 includes: a partition main body 31, a fishway aperture 32, and a piano weir 33;
the flow-limiting structure of the key weir 33 can effectively reduce the drainage flow rate of the reservoir at the high water level upstream and control the drainage flow rate of the fishway within a certain range when the upstream water flow passes through the partition plate 3 from entering; under the condition that the fish passing condition is met, the water level in the fishway is kept stable, the control flow is in a smaller amplitude, the flow rate of the fishway pool chamber is kept stable, a plurality of fishway outlets are not required to be arranged, only one fishway outlet is required, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced, the height of the side wall body 1 can be reduced, the investment is further saved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the flow limiting structure may be implemented in various manners, as long as it can perform a flow limiting function, where a preferred embodiment is: the water flow is blocked when the water is stored at the key weir 33, so that the flow speed of the water flow can be reduced, the downflow rate of the water flow is reduced when the water head is high, the control flow is in a smaller amplitude, and the size of the key weir 33 can be economically adjusted according to the actual situation in order to further reduce the downflow rate of the water head.
The key weirs 33 serve to maintain the water level stable and the flow state stable during the flood.
Compared with other structural forms, the structure has the advantages that the adaptability to water level change is high, the water storage efficiency under high flow can be effectively treated, a relatively stable swimming tracing environment is created for the fish, and the arrangement of bionic environments such as pebbles can enable the fish to have a better rest environment.
The fishway structure of the invention is an outlet section fishway, which is arranged at the upstream of the dam body, and one end of the fishway is communicated with the fishway passing through the dam section.
The partition plate 3 divides the outlet section fishway into a plurality of pool chambers, one side of the middle part of the partition plate main body 31 is provided with a fishway orifice 32, the fishway orifice 32 communicates two adjacent pool chambers, and the other side of the top of the partition plate main body 31 is provided with a key weir 33.
The fishway aperture 32 is a rectangular notch arranged at one side of the middle part of the partition plate, the width L of the fishway aperture is 1m, and the height H of the fishway aperture is 0.6m.
In addition, the key weir 33 includes a plurality of buffer units, and each buffer unit is provided with an inclined notch.
In the present invention, the inclined notch directions of two adjacent buffer units are opposite.
In the present invention, the fishway aperture 32 of each adjacent two of the separators 3 is disposed so as to intersect left and right, and the key weirs 33 of the adjacent two separators 3 are disposed so as to intersect left and right. That is, when the fishway aperture 32 of one partition 3 is disposed at the left side of the partition body 31, the fishway aperture 32 of the partition 3 adjacent thereto is disposed at the right side of the partition body 31, as can be seen in particular from fig. 1.
The water level difference between each stage of pool chambers is kept small in amplitude through the water storage effect of the key weir 33, and the water level height in the reservoir at the upstream of the dam body is enabled to be gradually reduced from the inlet end of the outlet section fishway to the outlet end of the outlet section fishway and the pool chambers are stable in flow state through the energy dissipation effect of the plurality of baffle plate main bodies 31 on water flow until the liquid level height in the pool chamber at the last stage in the outlet section fishway meets the design requirement height entering the dam section fishway;
moreover, even if the liquid level in the upstream water reservoir of the dam body fluctuates greatly, the liquid level in the pool chamber of the last stage is hardly affected after the energy dissipation effect of the water flow by the plurality of baffles 3; therefore, when the liquid level in the upstream reservoir fluctuates, the water flow in the fishway is still stable.
Therefore, the invention can adapt to the fluctuation of the liquid level height in the upstream reservoir by only arranging one fishway outlet, can reduce the fishway cost and can save the later management cost.
The above description is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should make changes, additions or substitutions within the scope of the invention, such as adjusting the fishway concrete and backfill structure or foundation treatment mode to reduce the engineering amount of the side slope support treatment and reduce the disturbance of the protected object, which should be within the scope of the invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. A novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula, its characterized in that: the fish way comprises a side wall body (1) and a bottom surface (2), wherein a fish way is formed by enclosing the side wall body (1) and the bottom surface (2);
a plurality of partition boards (3) are arranged in the fishway, and the fishway is divided into a plurality of pool chambers by the partition boards (3);
the baffle (3) comprises a baffle main body (31), a fishway orifice (32) and a key weir (33), wherein the fishway orifice (32) is formed in one side of the middle part of the baffle main body (31), two adjacent pool chambers are communicated by the fishway orifice (32), and the key weir (33) is formed in the other side of the top of the baffle main body (31).
2. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination orifice type of claim 1, wherein: the key weir (33) is provided with a flow limiting structure for blocking water flow and reducing the flow speed of the water flow.
3. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination orifice type of claim 2, wherein: the current limiting structure is a plurality of buffer units arranged on the key weir (33), and each buffer unit is provided with an inclined notch.
4. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination orifice type of claim 3, wherein: the inclined notch directions of two adjacent buffer units are opposite.
5. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination orifice type of claim 1, wherein: the fishway aperture (32) is a rectangular slot.
6. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination aperture as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the fishway aperture (32) has a width of 1m and a height of 0.6m.
7. The novel fishway structure of key and weir combination orifice type of claim 1, wherein: the fishway orifices (32) of two adjacent separators (3) are arranged in a left-right crossing way, and the key weirs (33) of two adjacent separators (3) are arranged in a left-right crossing way.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210140003.XA CN114370036B (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210140003.XA CN114370036B (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114370036A CN114370036A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN114370036B true CN114370036B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210140003.XA Active CN114370036B (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Novel fishway structure of key weir combination drill way formula |
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Citations (14)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11315528A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 1999-11-16 | Hokuetsu:Kk | Channel type fish way and block therefor |
| GB0716182D0 (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2007-09-26 | Hughes John M L | Fish tubes for migrating fish |
| CN104234174A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Combined defoaming and siphoning well and combined defoaming and siphoning method |
| CN204212122U (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-18 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | A kind of fish pass |
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| CN114370036A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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