CN114369778A - Heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114369778A CN114369778A CN202111268145.6A CN202111268145A CN114369778A CN 114369778 A CN114369778 A CN 114369778A CN 202111268145 A CN202111268145 A CN 202111268145A CN 114369778 A CN114369778 A CN 114369778A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of material heat treatment, and mainly relates to a heat treatment process for 7055 aluminum alloy, which overcomes the problems of deformation and crack generation of a workpiece when HB/Z5126 deformed aluminum alloy heat treatment is adopted to carry out 7055 aluminum alloy heat treatment. The water temperature of the solution treatment is strictly controlled by utilizing the stepped solution and aging heat treatment process, the yield strength and tensile strength of the solution treatment process are nearly doubled under the same density, and the thrust of the turbofan engine is increased while the requirement of the turbofan engine on material lightweight is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material heat treatment, and mainly aims at a heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the requirements for light weight of materials of turbofan engines are higher and higher while the thrust required by the turbofan engines is increased.
The 7055 aluminum alloy is an ideal structural material in the field of aviation, can meet the requirement of a turbofan engine on material lightweight, has excellent comprehensive performance, has the characteristics of low density and high strength, has nearly twice yield strength and tensile strength under the same density compared with common aluminum alloys, and has certain performance advantages.
However, the 7055 aluminum alloy can generate residual stress in the machining process, and finally a workpiece is deformed or cracked, and the machining precision of the workpiece is affected even the workpiece is scrapped due to serious deformation. The heat treatment process can effectively reduce the residual stress in the 7055 aluminum alloy processing process, thereby preventing the workpiece from deforming and cracking.
At present, HB/Z5126 & lt & ltwrought aluminum alloy heat treatment & gt is adopted to carry out 7055 aluminum alloy heat treatment, the working procedures comprise solid solution treatment and aging treatment, and the parameters of the solid solution treatment are as follows: heating to 530 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, wherein the quenching water temperature is 40-60 ℃; the aging treatment parameters are as follows: raising the temperature from room temperature to 190 +/-5 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 8-12 hours. However, in specific tests, it is found that the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece processed by the method still has large residual stress, and the workpiece still has deformation and cracks.
Therefore, it is important to provide a heat treatment process suitable for 7055 aluminum alloy, which has low residual stress and no crack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy, which discovers that the solid solution and aging temperature and the water temperature of solid solution cooling of 7055 aluminum alloy not only influence the possibility of generating cracks, but also influence the residual stress by exploring process parameters and processing performance, so that the residual stress of a processed workpiece is minimized and no cracks are generated by adjusting the temperature of solid solution and aging and the water temperature parameter of cooling. The method overcomes the problems of deformation and crack generation of the workpiece when the 7055 aluminum alloy heat treatment is carried out by HB/Z5126 deformed aluminum alloy heat treatment.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, solution heat treatment;
step 1.1, putting a 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece into an aluminum alloy quenching furnace, heating the aluminum alloy workpiece to 450 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature within 2 hours, and keeping the temperature for 3 +/-0.2 hours; heating to 475 plus or minus 5 ℃ from 450 plus or minus 5 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and preserving the heat for 3 plus or minus 0.2 hour;
step 1.2, quenching the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1.1 within a set quenching transfer time, wherein a quenching medium is water and the temperature is 95 +/-5 ℃;
step 2, aging treatment;
timely loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1 into a pit furnace, heating the workpiece to 115 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for 8 +/-0.5 hours; then the temperature is raised to 155 plus or minus 5 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is kept for 24 plus or minus 0.5 hour, and the mixture is discharged from the furnace and cooled in air.
Further, in step 1.1, loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece into an aluminum alloy quenching furnace, heating the aluminum alloy workpiece from room temperature to 450 ℃ within 2 hours, and preserving heat for 3 hours; heating to 475 ℃ from 450 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours;
the temperature of the quenching medium water in step 1.2 is 95 ℃.
Further, in step 1.2, starting a water circulation system 2 hours before quenching to ensure that the water temperature in the water tank is uniform.
Further, in step 1.2, the quenching transfer time is not more than 20S, and if the transfer time is too long, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the workpiece are reduced.
Further, in step 1.2, the quenching treatment specifically comprises: and (3) loading the workpiece treated in the step (1.1) into a material frame, placing the material frame in water, swinging up and down for 5 times within 1 minute to ensure that the workpiece does not expose out of the water surface, and then staying in the water for 10-20 minutes.
Further, in step 2, the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in step 1 was charged into a shaft furnace for 4 hours.
Further, in the step 2, the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1 is placed into a shaft furnace, the temperature is raised to 115 ℃ from the room temperature within 1 hour, and the temperature is kept for 8 hours; then the temperature is raised to 155 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is preserved for 24 hours, and the furnace is taken out for air cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention mainly aims at a heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy, compared with the common aluminum alloy heat treatment process, the invention divides the solid solution heat treatment process into two stages, the first stage is heated from room temperature to 450 +/-5 ℃ within 2 hours, and the temperature is kept for 3 +/-0.2 hours; the temperature rise process mainly enables the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece to be uniformly heated, and particularly can avoid cracks generated in subsequent quenching due to uneven heating of the workpiece on the workpiece with a complex shape or large thickness difference; in the second stage, the temperature is raised from 450 +/-5 ℃ to 475 +/-5 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and the temperature is kept for 3 +/-0.2 hours; in the temperature rise process, the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece is uniformly heated, and meanwhile, the excessive burning of the workpiece caused by over-temperature can be avoided; meanwhile, the invention realizes the aims of small deformation of the workpiece and no crack generation by adjusting the temperature of the corresponding quenching water to be 95 +/-5 ℃. The aging treatment process is also divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is that the temperature is raised to 115 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature within 1 hour, and the temperature is kept for 8 +/-0.5 hours; in the second stage, the temperature is raised to 155 +/-5 ℃ within 1 hour, and the temperature is kept for 24 +/-0.5 hours.
The 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece is processed by a common aluminum alloy heat treatment process, the temperature rise process is not carried out during solution treatment, the solution temperature is higher (515-; the common aluminum alloy has high aging treatment temperature (190 +/-5 ℃), short heat preservation time (8-12 hours), and the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece processed by utilizing the parameters has the performance of tensile strength and the like which can not meet the requirements.
The invention utilizes the stepped solid solution and aging heat treatment process, strictly controls the water temperature of the solid solution treatment, has nearly twice yield strength and tensile strength under the same density, increases the thrust of the turbofan engine, and simultaneously meets the requirement of the turbofan engine on material lightweight.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the heat treatment process of the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of process parameters during solution heat treatment of a 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process parameters during the aging treatment of the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a mechanical property curve diagram of the 7055 aluminum alloy material;
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present example achieves heat treatment of a 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece by the following process:
firstly, when the workpiece is loaded into an aluminum alloy quenching furnace and placed, the following problems should be noted:
1) 7055 aluminum alloy workpieces are uniformly stacked and placed in an effective working area of an aluminum alloy quenching furnace, a reasonable horizontal gap is kept between an upper layer workpiece and a lower layer workpiece, the horizontal gap is not less than 50% of the thickness of the workpieces, and the projection area of each layer of workpieces on the bottom surface of the effective working area of the aluminum alloy quenching furnace is not more than 60% of the area of the bottom surface of the effective working area, so that heating and quenching media can smoothly pass through all surfaces of the workpieces in the heat treatment process;
2) the phenomenon that a closed space is formed in a local area of a workpiece after the workpiece enters water due to incorrect placement, if the workpiece is placed in an inverted U shape, a quenching medium cannot enter the inner surface of the U-shaped workpiece, and quenching is failed is avoided;
3) for workpieces with small size and specification, the workpiece is fixed in an effective working area of a furnace, and the workpiece is prevented from falling into a water tank in the quenching process.
Then, carrying out solution heat treatment;
setting a temperature-rising program and a quenching temperature of the aluminum alloy quenching furnace, wherein the temperature rising is divided into two stages, namely a first stage: raising the temperature from room temperature to 450 ℃ within 2 hours, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours, wherein all parts of the workpiece are uniformly heated and kept at 450 ℃ for 3 hours. And a second stage: heating to 475 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; in this stage, the respective portions of the workpiece uniformly reach the solution temperature. In this embodiment, the quenching medium is water, the quenching water temperature is set to 95 ℃, and after the workpiece is subjected to the high-temperature treatment in the two stages, the quenching treatment is performed within a set time. See fig. 2.
In this process, attention is paid to: 1) starting a water circulation system 2 hours before quenching to ensure that the water temperature in the water tank is uniform and consistent, and controlling the temperature of the quenching inlet water at 90-100 ℃; 2) the quenching transfer time is not more than 20S, when the workpiece is quenched in water, the workpiece cannot be exposed out of the water surface, the material frame swings up and down more than 5 times within 1 minute after entering the water, the quenching uniformity is ensured, and the workpiece stays in the water for 10-20 minutes after quenching and is subjected to aging; 3) the workpiece should be immediately aged after quenching, and the maximum time interval should not exceed 4 hours.
Finally, carrying out aging treatment;
loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece subjected to solution heat treatment into a pit furnace, setting a pit furnace temperature rise program, raising the temperature from room temperature to 115 ℃ within 1 hour, and preserving the temperature for 8 hours; then the temperature is raised to 155 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is kept for 24 hours, and the steel plate is taken out of the furnace for air cooling, as shown in figure 3. And no visible cracks are observed on the surface of the workpiece through naked eyes.
In the step, the charging temperature is required to be not more than 115 ℃, and the workpiece is heated along with the furnace.
In the embodiment, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the heat-treated workpiece are detected by manufacturing a standard tensile test bar, and are compared with the mechanical properties of conventional aluminum alloy, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
Comparison of mechanical Properties of aluminum alloy workpieces from Table 17055 with conventional aluminum alloy workpieces
| Serial number | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa |
| 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece | 647-670 | 630-651 |
| Conventional aluminum alloy workpiece | 320-355 | 308-330 |
As can be seen from table 1, the tensile strength and yield strength of the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece of this example are about twice as high as those of the conventional aluminum alloy workpiece.
As can also be seen from fig. 4, the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece has higher tensile strength and yield strength after solution treatment and aging treatment in the embodiment, the tensile strength can reach 670MPa, and the yield strength can reach 651MPa, which is about twice of that of the conventional aluminum alloy workpiece; and when the high-temperature mechanical property is measured, the tensile strength and the yield strength are gradually reduced along with the increase of the temperature and can be stabilized at about 560MPa, and the performance is stable.
Example 2
The present example is different from example 1 in the temperature and time for the solution heat treatment and the aging treatment, and specifically, the following are as follows:
in the present example, in the two stages of temperature increase in the solution heat treatment, the first stage: the temperature is raised from room temperature to 455 ℃ within 2 hours, and the temperature is kept for 2.8 hours. And a second stage: heating to 480 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and preserving heat for 2.8 hours; the quenching water temperature is 100 ℃.
When the aging treatment is carried out, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃ from room temperature within 1 hour, and the heat is preserved for 7.5 hours; then the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is kept for 23.5 hours, and the mixture is discharged from the furnace and cooled in air. And no visible cracks are observed on the surface of the workpiece through naked eyes.
In the embodiment, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the heat-treated workpiece are detected by manufacturing a standard tensile test bar, and are compared with the mechanical properties of conventional aluminum alloy, and the specific data are the same as those in table 1.
Example 3
The present example is different from example 1 in the temperature and time period for the solution heat treatment and the aging treatment, and specifically, the following are as follows:
in the present example, in the two stages of temperature increase in the solution heat treatment, the first stage: the temperature was raised from room temperature to 445 ℃ over 2 hours and the temperature was maintained for 3.2 hours. And a second stage: heating to 470 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and preserving heat for 3.2 hours; the quenching water temperature is 90 ℃.
When the aging treatment is carried out, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 1 hour, and the temperature is kept for 8.5 hours; then the temperature is raised to 150 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is kept for 24.5 hours, and the mixture is discharged from the furnace and cooled in air. And no visible cracks are observed on the surface of the workpiece through naked eyes.
In the embodiment, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the heat-treated workpiece are detected by manufacturing a standard tensile test bar, and are compared with the mechanical properties of conventional aluminum alloy, and the specific data are the same as those in table 1.
Claims (7)
1. A heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, solution heat treatment;
step 1.1, putting a 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece into an aluminum alloy quenching furnace, heating the aluminum alloy workpiece to 450 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature within 2 hours, and keeping the temperature for 3 +/-0.2 hours; heating to 475 plus or minus 5 ℃ from 450 plus or minus 5 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and preserving the heat for 3 plus or minus 0.2 hour;
step 1.2, quenching the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1.1 within a set quenching transfer time, wherein a quenching medium is water and the temperature is 95 +/-5 ℃;
step 2, aging treatment;
timely loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1 into a pit furnace, heating the workpiece to 115 +/-5 ℃ from room temperature within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for 8 +/-0.5 hours; then the temperature is raised to 155 plus or minus 5 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is kept for 24 plus or minus 0.5 hour, and the mixture is discharged from the furnace and cooled in air.
2. The heat treatment process for 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein:
step 1.1, loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece into an aluminum alloy quenching furnace, heating the aluminum alloy workpiece from room temperature to 450 ℃ within 2 hours, and preserving heat for 3 hours; heating to 475 ℃ from 450 ℃ within 0.5 hour, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours;
the temperature of the quenching medium water in step 1.2 is 95 ℃.
3. The heat treatment process for 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 2, wherein:
in the step 1.2, starting a water circulation system 2 hours before quenching to ensure that the water temperature in the water tank is uniform and consistent.
4. The heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein:
in step 1.2, the quenching transfer time is not more than 20S.
5. The heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein in step 1.2, the quenching treatment is specifically: and (3) loading the workpiece treated in the step (1.1) into a material frame, placing the material frame in water, swinging up and down for 5 times within 1 minute to ensure that the workpiece does not expose out of the water surface, and then staying in the water for 10-20 minutes.
6. The heat treatment process for 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein: and 2, loading the 7055 aluminum alloy workpiece treated in the step 1 into a well type furnace within 4 hours.
7. The heat treatment process of 7055 aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 2, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 115 ℃ within 1 hour, and the temperature is kept for 8 hours; then the temperature is raised to 155 ℃ along with the furnace within 1 hour, the temperature is preserved for 24 hours, and the furnace is taken out for air cooling.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020011289A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-01-31 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Thick products made of heat-treatable aluminum alloy with improved toughness and process for manufacturing these products |
| WO2006037648A1 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2006-04-13 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | HIGH STRENGTH, HIGH TOUGHNESS Al-Zn ALLOY PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH PRODUCT |
| CN104962847A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 中南大学 | Heat treatment technique for enhancing uniformity and corrosion resistance of 7-series alloy thick plate |
| CN106435418A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Heat treatment technology for improving intercrystalline corrosion resisting performance and stress corrosion resisting performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
| CN108161345A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-15 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of machining manufacture of 7055 aluminum alloy complex constitutional detail |
| CN111286650A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-16 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | Novel heat treatment process for spray forming 7055 ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy extruded plate through uniform annealing and solid solution aging |
-
2021
- 2021-10-28 CN CN202111268145.6A patent/CN114369778A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020011289A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-01-31 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Thick products made of heat-treatable aluminum alloy with improved toughness and process for manufacturing these products |
| WO2006037648A1 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2006-04-13 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | HIGH STRENGTH, HIGH TOUGHNESS Al-Zn ALLOY PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH PRODUCT |
| CN104962847A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 中南大学 | Heat treatment technique for enhancing uniformity and corrosion resistance of 7-series alloy thick plate |
| CN106435418A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Heat treatment technology for improving intercrystalline corrosion resisting performance and stress corrosion resisting performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
| CN108161345A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-15 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of machining manufacture of 7055 aluminum alloy complex constitutional detail |
| CN111286650A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-16 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | Novel heat treatment process for spray forming 7055 ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy extruded plate through uniform annealing and solid solution aging |
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Application publication date: 20220419 |