CN114363205B - High-speed link impedance mutation analysis method, system, terminal and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed links, and particularly provides a high-speed link impedance mutation analysis method, a system, a terminal and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a frequency domain S parameter of a high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter; generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation; generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient; fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value; substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result. The invention can eliminate impedance analysis errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-speed links, and particularly relates to a high-speed link impedance mutation analysis method, a system, a terminal and a storage medium.
Background
With the development of server technology, the demand for communication speed is higher and higher, and the application of high-speed links is wider and wider. The existing performance detection method for the high-speed link mostly adopts an impedance mutation analysis method, and the stability of the high-speed link without impedance mutation is higher. Further, the impedance discontinuity of the high-speed link may be observed when the high-speed link is subjected to fault location.
The existing impedance analysis method for the high-speed link mostly obtains the frequency domain S parameter of the link through software simulation, and then obtains the time domain impedance curve through Fourier transformation. However, the impedance curve obtained by the S parameter transformation in the prior art becomes larger along with the time line due to the influence of the resistance of the transmission line and the loss of the plate, which is obviously not the impedance characteristic of the uniform transmission line which is generally understood, but is caused by errors, and is not favorable for truly reflecting the impedance reality values of abrupt impedance changes such as the via hole.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method, a system, a terminal and a storage medium for analyzing abrupt changes of high-speed link impedance, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for analyzing abrupt changes in impedance of a high-speed link, including:
acquiring a frequency domain S parameter of a high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter;
generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result.
Further, the method for obtaining the frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using the monitoring tool, and obtaining the impedance curve equation by performing fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter includes:
and detecting the frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using a network analyzer.
Further, generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation includes:
setting a minimum time range, and taking an impedance curve equation of a time variable in the minimum time range as a theoretical transmission line impedance equation of neglecting errors;
and (5) performing difference on the theoretical transmission line impedance equation and the impedance curve equation to obtain an error function.
Further, generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristic of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient, including:
calculating theoretical wire loss function based on signal propagation speed, resistivity and cross-sectional area of high-speed linkWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity, which can be obtained from the relative permittivity and the speed of light, and a is the wire cross-sectional area;
setting the wire loss coefficient a based on the effect of skin effect on series resistance 1 Then the wire loss function r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)；
Setting the dielectric loss coefficient as a 2 ；
Generating a loss curve function
Further, substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and performing impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high-speed link impedance discontinuity analysis system, comprising:
the link monitoring unit is used for acquiring frequency domain S parameters of the high-speed link by using a monitoring tool and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameters;
an error calculation unit for generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
the loss calculation unit is used for generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
the function fitting unit is used for fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
and the impedance analysis unit is used for substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting the real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result.
Further, the link monitoring unit is configured to:
and detecting the frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using a network analyzer.
Further, the error calculation unit is configured to:
setting a minimum time range, and taking an impedance curve equation of a time variable in the minimum time range as a theoretical transmission line impedance equation of neglecting errors;
and (5) performing difference on the theoretical transmission line impedance equation and the impedance curve equation to obtain an error function.
Further, the loss calculation unit is configured to:
calculating theoretical wire loss function based on signal propagation speed, resistivity and cross-sectional area of high-speed linkWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity, which can be obtained from the relative permittivity and the speed of light, and a is the wire cross-sectional area;
setting the wire loss coefficient a based on the effect of skin effect on series resistance 1 Then the wire loss function r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)；
Setting the dielectric loss coefficient as a 2 ；
Generating a loss curve function
Further, the impedance analysis unit is configured to:
and updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve.
In a third aspect, a terminal is provided, including:
a processor, a memory, wherein,
the memory is used for storing a computer program,
the processor is configured to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the terminal performs the method of the terminal as described above.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the above aspects.
The method, the system, the terminal and the storage medium for analyzing the abrupt change of the impedance of the high-speed link have the advantages that the error gradually accumulated due to the time increase of the time domain impedance curve after the S parameter Fourier inverse transformation can be eliminated, the curve which correctly reflects the impedance of the transmission line and the change condition of the impedance abrupt change point can be obtained, and the high-speed link analysis and the fault check are more accurate.
In addition, the invention has reliable design principle, simple structure and very wide application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic flow chart of a method of one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a system of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of one embodiment of the invention. The execution body of fig. 1 may be a high-speed link impedance mutation analysis system.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 110, acquiring a frequency domain S parameter of a high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter;
step 120, generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
step 130, generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
step 140, fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
and 150, substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result.
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the principle of the high-speed link impedance mutation analysis method of the present invention is used in the following to further describe the high-speed link impedance mutation analysis method according to the present invention in combination with the process of performing the impedance mutation analysis on the high-speed link in the embodiment.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the method for analyzing the abrupt change of the high-speed link impedance includes:
s1, acquiring a frequency domain S parameter of a high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter.
And manufacturing an actual uniform transmission line test link, or building a transmission line simulation model to obtain accurate S parameters. The impedance curve equation Z1 (t) is obtained by inverse fourier transform.
S2, generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation.
When the time t is small, the wire loss and the dielectric loss are small enough to be negligible, so that the transmission line impedance value Z0 of neglecting error can be read, and an ideal impedance curve equation Z0 (t) =z0 is established based on this value. Subtracting the two equations results in a time-dependent error function E (t).
And S3, generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient.
The source of wire loss is wire series resistance, which is determined by wire cross-section parameters, wire length (a function of time t), and wire resistivity, and skin effect. The wire cross section and resistivity are known amounts, so that the wire series resistance can be obtained as a function of time tWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity, which can be obtained from the relative permittivity and speed of light, and a is the wire cross-sectional area. Taking into consideration the influence of skin effect on series resistance, adding coefficient a 1 To correct r (t) to obtain the complete wire loss expression r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)。
The main parameter of dielectric loss is the loss factor df, the df of the plate does not change with time, so the influence on the error function is constant and is set as a coefficient a 2 。
Establishing a fitting curve equation composed of lead loss and dielectric loss factors
And S4, fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value.
Fitting the F (t) curve to the known E (t) curve using least squares to solve for a 1 And a 2 . The least squares method, in a geometric sense, seeks to correspond to a given set of points { (x) i ,y i ) Distance squared sum of (i=0, 1,2,) m is the smallest curve y=p (x). The function p (x) becomes a fitting function or a least square solution, and the method for solving the fitting function p (x) is a least square method of curve fitting, which is a basic mathematical solution method. The least squares fit formula is as follows:
wherein x is i For time series, y i Is the sequence of F (t), a 1 And a 2 Is the coefficient of the fitting function. A can be obtained by the above formula 1 And a 2 Is a value of (2).
S5, substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result.
And updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve. A obtained in the step S4 1 And a 2 And substituting the value of (c) into F (t) and then adding the F (t) to the result of the conversion of the S parameter as a correction part. In other transmission line designs, the equations may be adapted to most of the design specifications to yield the optimal approach. If the deviation is large, the equation is revised again, and the solution is repeated.
As shown in fig. 3, the system 300 includes:
the link monitoring unit 310 is configured to obtain a frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtain an impedance curve equation by performing fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter;
an error calculation unit 320 for generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
a loss calculation unit 330, configured to generate a wire loss function according to the wire characteristic of the high-speed link, and generate a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
a function fitting unit 340, configured to fit the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method, so as to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
and the impedance analysis unit 350 is configured to substitute the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correct a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and perform impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result.
Optionally, as an embodiment of the present invention, the link monitoring unit is configured to:
and detecting the frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using a network analyzer.
Alternatively, as an embodiment of the present invention, the error calculation unit is configured to:
setting a minimum time range, and taking an impedance curve equation of a time variable in the minimum time range as a theoretical transmission line impedance equation of neglecting errors;
and (5) performing difference on the theoretical transmission line impedance equation and the impedance curve equation to obtain an error function.
Optionally, as an embodiment of the present invention, the loss calculation unit is configured to:
calculating theoretical wire loss function based on signal propagation speed, resistivity and cross-sectional area of high-speed linkWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity, and can be determined by the relative permittivityAnd the speed of light, A is the cross-sectional area of the wire;
setting the wire loss coefficient a based on the effect of skin effect on series resistance 1 Then the wire loss function r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)；
Setting the dielectric loss coefficient as a 2 ；
Generating a loss curve function
Optionally, as an embodiment of the present invention, the impedance analysis unit is configured to:
and updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the terminal 400 may be used to execute the high-speed link impedance mutation analysis method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The terminal 400 may include: processor 410, memory 420, and communication unit 430. The components may communicate via one or more buses, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the configuration of the server as shown in the drawings is not limiting of the invention, as it may be a bus-like structure, a star-like structure, or include more or fewer components than shown, or may be a combination of certain components or a different arrangement of components.
The memory 420 may be used to store instructions for execution by the processor 410, and the memory 420 may be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile memory terminal or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The execution of the instructions in memory 420, when executed by processor 410, enables terminal 400 to perform some or all of the steps in the method embodiments described below.
The processor 410 is a control center of the storage terminal, connects various parts of the entire electronic terminal using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the electronic terminal and/or processes data by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 420, and invoking data stored in the memory. The processor may be comprised of an integrated circuit (Integrated Circuit, simply referred to as an IC), for example, a single packaged IC, or may be comprised of a plurality of packaged ICs connected to the same function or different functions. For example, the processor 410 may include only a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, simply CPU). In the embodiment of the invention, the CPU can be a single operation core or can comprise multiple operation cores.
And a communication unit 430 for establishing a communication channel so that the storage terminal can communicate with other terminals. Receiving user data sent by other terminals or sending the user data to other terminals.
The present invention also provides a computer storage medium in which a program may be stored, which program may include some or all of the steps in the embodiments provided by the present invention when executed. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random-access memory (random access memory, RAM), or the like.
Therefore, the invention can eliminate the gradually accumulated error of the time domain impedance curve after the S parameter Fourier inverse transformation along with the time increase, obtain the curve which correctly reflects the change condition of the impedance of the transmission line and the impedance mutation point, and enable the high-speed link analysis and the fault check to be more accurate, and the technical effects achieved by the embodiment can be seen from the description above and are not repeated here.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the techniques of embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software plus a necessary general purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium such as a U-disc, a mobile hard disc, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. various media capable of storing program codes, including several instructions for causing a computer terminal (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a second terminal, a network terminal, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present invention.
The same or similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification are referred to each other. In particular, for the terminal embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference should be made to the description in the method embodiment for relevant points.
In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the elements is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interface, system or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions may be made in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and substitutions be within the scope of the present invention/be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for high-speed link impedance discontinuity analysis, comprising:
acquiring a frequency domain S parameter of a high-speed link by using a monitoring tool, and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameter;
generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result;
generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation, comprising:
setting a minimum time range, and taking an impedance curve equation of a time variable in the minimum time range as a theoretical transmission line impedance equation of neglecting errors;
the theoretical transmission line impedance equation and the impedance curve equation are subjected to difference to obtain an error function;
generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristic of the high-speed link, and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating theoretical wire loss function based on signal propagation speed, resistivity and cross-sectional area of high-speed linkWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity obtained by the relative permittivity and the speed of light, and a is the wire cross-sectional area;
setting the wire loss coefficient a based on the effect of skin effect on series resistance 1 Then the wire loss function r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)；
Setting the dielectric loss coefficient as a 2 ；
Generating a loss curve function
Substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
and updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the frequency domain S parameter of the high speed link with the monitoring tool and obtaining the impedance curve equation by fourier transforming the frequency domain S parameter comprises:
and detecting the frequency domain S parameter of the high-speed link by using a network analyzer.
3. A high-speed link impedance discontinuity analysis system, comprising:
the link monitoring unit is used for acquiring frequency domain S parameters of the high-speed link by using a monitoring tool and obtaining an impedance curve equation by carrying out Fourier transform on the frequency domain S parameters;
an error calculation unit for generating an error function based on the impedance curve equation;
the loss calculation unit is used for generating a wire loss function according to the wire characteristics of the high-speed link and generating a loss curve function according to the wire loss function and a set dielectric loss coefficient;
the function fitting unit is used for fitting the error function and the loss curve function by using a least square method to obtain a wire loss coefficient value and a dielectric loss coefficient value;
the impedance analysis unit is used for substituting the wire loss coefficient value and the dielectric loss coefficient value into the loss curve function to obtain a loss value, correcting a real-time domain impedance curve of the high-speed link by using the loss value, and carrying out impedance mutation analysis according to the corrected result;
the error calculation unit is used for:
setting a minimum time range, and taking an impedance curve equation of a time variable in the minimum time range as a theoretical transmission line impedance equation of neglecting errors;
the theoretical transmission line impedance equation and the impedance curve equation are subjected to difference to obtain an error function;
the loss calculation unit is used for:
calculating theoretical wire loss function based on signal propagation speed, resistivity and cross-sectional area of high-speed linkWhere ρ is the bulk resistivity of the wire, V is the signal propagation velocity obtained by the relative permittivity and the speed of light, and a is the wire cross-sectional area;
setting the wire loss coefficient a based on the effect of skin effect on series resistance 1 Then the wire loss function r' (t) =a 1 ×r(t)；
Setting dielectric loss coefficientIs a as 2 ；
Generating a loss curve function
The impedance analysis unit is used for:
and updating the frequency domain S parameter according to the continuous monitoring of the high-speed link, and taking an impedance curve equation obtained by Fourier transformation of the updated frequency domain S parameter as a real-time domain impedance curve.
4. A terminal for implementing a high-speed link impedance discontinuity analysis method, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing execution instructions of the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-2.
5. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the method of any one of claims 1-2.
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| 高速SerDes系统的时钟恢复电路设计研究;郭俊;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊） 信息科技辑》;全文 * |
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