CN114361774A - Ultra-wideband antenna - Google Patents
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- CN114361774A CN114361774A CN202110450979.2A CN202110450979A CN114361774A CN 114361774 A CN114361774 A CN 114361774A CN 202110450979 A CN202110450979 A CN 202110450979A CN 114361774 A CN114361774 A CN 114361774A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a first radiator, an impedance element, a second radiator and a first antenna circuit board, wherein the first radiator is connected with a first end of the second radiator through the impedance element, and the impedance of the impedance element is in direct proportion to the frequency; the second end of the second radiator is connected with the first antenna circuit board, the first radiator and the second radiator are in a working state under the low-frequency signal, the first radiator is in a cut-off state under the action of the impedance element under the high-frequency signal, and the second radiator is in a working state. The length of the radiator is changed by the impedance element under different frequency signals, so that the condition of fission on a directional diagram is avoided, energy loss in the horizontal direction is prevented, and the radiation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband antenna.
Background
The ultrashort wave frequency is generally two frequency bands, including a single 30-88MHz band and a single 225-678MHz band, but at present, the ultrashort wave frequency has been adjusted to 30-678MHz band, so that the antenna bandwidth reaches 22 octaves, the radiator length of the antenna reaches 1.2m, and the radiator length is much longer than λ/2 compared with the frequency band above 150MHz, that is, the antenna is beyond 3 octaves, and then the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced, which results in energy loss in the horizontal direction and fission.
Therefore, an ultra-wideband antenna is needed, which avoids the ultra-wideband antenna from cracking on a directional diagram, prevents energy loss of the ultra-wideband antenna in the horizontal direction, and improves radiation efficiency of the ultra-wideband antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna, which avoids the situation that an ultra-short wave antenna is cracked on a directional diagram, prevents the energy loss of the ultra-wideband antenna in the horizontal direction and improves the radiation efficiency of the ultra-wideband antenna.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna, including a first radiator, an impedance element, a second radiator, and a first antenna circuit board;
the first radiator is connected with the first end of the second radiator through the impedance element; the impedance of the impedance element is proportional to the frequency;
the second end of the second radiator is connected with the first antenna circuit board;
under the condition of low-frequency signals, the first radiator and the second radiator are in a working state; under the high-frequency signal, the first radiator is in a cut-off state under the action of the impedance element, and the second radiator is in a working state.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ultra-wideband antenna comprises two radiators which are a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator are connected through an impedance element, wherein the impedance of the impedance element is in direct proportion to the frequency, and the impedance element is used for changing the current distribution, so that when the ultra-wideband antenna works at a low frequency signal, the impedance of the impedance element is small due to the low frequency, and the current distribution of the first radiator and the second radiator is not changed, namely the first radiator and the second radiator both have current, and are equivalent to one radiator and can be in a working state.
When the ultra-wideband antenna works in a high-frequency signal, the impedance element has high impedance due to high frequency, so that the current distribution of the first radiator and the second radiator is changed, namely the impedance element is equivalent to open circuit, the first radiator has current, the second radiator does not have current, and the first radiator is only equivalent to the radiator of the ultra-wideband antenna, so that the length of the radiator of the ultra-wideband antenna in the high-frequency signal working process is shortened, the condition that the ultra-wideband antenna is cracked on a directional diagram is avoided, the energy loss of the ultra-wideband antenna in the horizontal direction is prevented, and the radiation efficiency of the ultra-wideband antenna is improved.
Optionally, the second end of the second radiator is connected to the first antenna circuit board through a transmission line transformer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transmission line transformer is used for improving the signal transmission efficiency of the ultra-wideband antenna when a high-frequency signal works.
Optionally, the first radiator is a non-bendable metal strip; the second radiator is a gooseneck-type metal strip.
In the embodiment of the invention, the gooseneck metal strip can perform the functions of bending, rotating and the like so as to increase the flexibility of the first radiator.
Optionally, the impedance element is an air core inductor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite antenna, including the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna described in the first aspect;
the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna are arranged in an up-and-down laminated mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, which is equivalent to an integrated antenna, so that the number of mounting holes is reduced in mounting, and the miniaturization of communication equipment is increased.
Optionally, the navigation antenna includes a third radiator, a second antenna circuit board, and a low noise amplifier circuit board, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the ultra-wideband antenna is connected with the dual-core connector through a first transmission line and a center hole of the second antenna circuit board;
the second antenna circuit board is connected with the low-noise amplifier circuit board through a second transmission line, and the low-noise amplifier circuit board is connected with the dual-core connector.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ultra-wideband antenna is connected with the dual-core connector through the first transmission line and the central hole of the second antenna circuit board, so that the radiation influence of the first transmission line on the navigation antenna is reduced, the satellite signal is amplified through the low-noise amplifier circuit board, and the radiation efficiency of the navigation antenna is improved. And the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna in the composite antenna are fed through the connection of the dual-core connector, so that the miniaturization of the communication equipment is increased.
Optionally, the second antenna circuit board is perpendicular to the low noise amplifier circuit board.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second antenna circuit board and the low-noise amplifier circuit board are vertically arranged, so that the structural firmness of the navigation antenna can be improved.
Optionally, the third radiator includes four spiral arms;
the spiral arm comprises a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator, and the shape of the main radiator and the shape of the auxiliary radiator both gradually narrow from top to bottom.
In the embodiment of the invention, the spiral arm comprises the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator to realize the multi-frequency of the navigation antenna, so that the navigation antenna can meet the working conditions under different frequency bands. Because the shape of the main radiator and the shape of the auxiliary radiator both gradually narrow from top to bottom, the working bandwidth of the antenna can be widened, the height of the navigation antenna is reduced, and the height of the composite antenna is further shortened.
Optionally, the second antenna circuit board is provided with three power divider phase shifters and one λ/4 microstrip line.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lambda/4 microstrip line is equivalent to a phase shifter and is used for shifting the phase, so that the four spiral arms realize certain phase change, and further, the circular polarization of the navigation antenna is realized.
Optionally, the ultra-wideband antenna is an omnidirectional monopole antenna;
the diameter of the ultra-wideband antenna is smaller than that of the navigation antenna.
In the embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the ultra-wideband antenna is smaller than that of the navigation antenna, so that the radiation influence of the first transmission line of the ultra-wideband antenna on the navigation antenna is reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the navigation antenna is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a spiral arm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a low noise amplifier circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feeding network of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a pattern diagram of 225MHz frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a pattern diagram of a frequency at 512MHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a directional diagram of a frequency at 678MHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The antenna is used as a terminal signal receiving device of a satellite navigation positioning system, and the performance of the antenna directly influences the working state of the whole system. The antenna comprises various structures such as a microstrip structure, a quadrifilar helix structure, a monopole structure and the like.
The traditional satellite navigation terminal antenna usually adopts a microstrip structure, has the advantages of low section, easiness in conformal with a carrier, easiness in realizing circular polarization and the like, and has the defects of low elevation gain, large horizontal size and the like. The helical antenna is an antenna type completely different from a microstrip structure, has the advantages of lighter weight, lower cost, better low elevation gain and the like compared with the microstrip antenna, and has application in equipment such as handsets, unmanned aerial vehicles, missiles and the like.
The quadrifilar helix antenna adopts a quadrifilar helix structure, has good axial ratio performance, a heart-shaped directional diagram, uniform amplitude response and sharp attenuation at a pitch cut-off angle, and reduces multipath interference from ionosphere, troposphere and platform environments.
In military activities, in order to meet the requirement of accurate attack in military, the handheld communication equipment needs to be provided with a high-precision satellite navigation antenna. Two types of high-precision satellite navigation antennas are common, one type is a four-feed microstrip antenna, and the other type is a four-arm helical antenna.
The four-arm helical antenna consists of four helical arms, each helical arm is integral multiple of quarter wavelength, the current amplitudes of the feed ends of the four helical arms are equal, and the phases are sequentially different by 90 degrees. The four-arm helical antenna is formed by loading a medium on a flexible circuit board, and 90-degree phase shift is realized by adopting a four-path power division phase shifter.
Since the 90 s in the 20 th century, new equipment in the field of military communication has appeared in endlessly due to the rapid advance of communication technology, and an outstanding individual radio station (individual radio) among the new equipment. The individual radio station generally refers to a radio communication device operating in an Ultra-short wave band, i.e., VHF (Very High Frequency)/UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band, and having an operating wavelength of 10 to 0.1 m (Frequency of 30 to 3000 mhz). The radio station is an ultra-short wave radio station, and accordingly, all the relay machines, the scattering machines, meteor trail communication equipment and the like which work in the wave band generally belong to the ultra-short wave radio station.
Generally, however, ultrashort wave radio stations refer to walkie talkie, portable, vehicle-mounted (or airborne, or ship-based) radio stations that transmit in the line of sight of ground waves or space waves. It is mainly composed of transceiver, antenna and power supply. The ultrashort wave radio station can adopt modulation systems such as amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and single-side band, generally the frequency modulation system is used as a main part, and the anti-interference performance of the ultrashort wave radio station is superior to that of the amplitude modulation system and the single-side band system.
However, in the prior art, the required frequency of the ultrashort wave is adjusted from the original single 30-88MHz and single 225-678MHz to 30-678MHz, the bandwidth of the antenna reaches 22 octaves, the length of the radiator of the antenna reaches 1.2m, and compared with the frequency band above 150MHz, the length of the radiator is much longer than λ/2, that is, the antenna is very high by 3 octaves, and the backward graph is cracked, where λ is the wavelength. Therefore, the pattern after the frequency band will be cracked, which results in energy loss in the horizontal direction and reduces the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
In the prior art, the satellite navigation antenna and the ultra-short wave antenna are independent antennas, two independent products can increase the mounting hole positions of the radio stations in mounting, miniaturization of the radio stations is not facilitated, meanwhile, the radio station antenna and the multi-satellite multi-frequency navigation antenna are mounted in parallel, and the influence of the short wave antenna on the navigation antenna can be increased.
Therefore, an ultra-wideband antenna is needed, so that the fission frequency point moves to the low frequency, thereby improving the directivity of the high frequency, avoiding energy loss, and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. There is also a need for a composite antenna that includes an ultra-wideband antenna and a multi-satellite multi-frequency navigation antenna. The design spiral arms of the navigation antenna adopt a gradual change design scheme to shorten the height of the composite antenna, and each spiral arm comprises a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator to realize the multi-frequency of the composite antenna, widen the bandwidth of the composite antenna and improve the low elevation gain.
The fission frequency point is moved to the low frequency by the inductive loading, thereby improving the directivity of the high frequency.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a structure of an ultra-wideband antenna applicable to an embodiment of the present invention, where the ultra-wideband antenna includes a first radiator 101, an impedance element 102, a second radiator 103, and a first antenna circuit board 104.
The first radiator 101 is connected to a first end of the second radiator 103 through an impedance element 102, and impedance of the impedance element 104 is proportional to frequency.
The second end of the second radiator 103 is connected to the first antenna circuit board 101, so that the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 103 are in an operating state under a low frequency signal, and the first radiator 101 is in a blocking state under the action of the impedance element 102 and the second radiator 103 is in an operating state under a high frequency signal.
For example, in order to increase the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the ultra-wideband antenna, and to protect the ultra-wideband antenna, in one practical manner, the ultra-wideband antenna is coated with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating. In the embodiment of the present invention, one end of the first radiator 101 connected to the impedance element 102 is covered and protected by the upper cover 105, the other end of the first radiator 101 not connected to the impedance element 102 is covered and protected by the antenna cap 106, and the surface of the first radiator 101 is provided with a heat shrink sleeve or a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating, wherein the upper cover 105 and the antenna cap 106 are made of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.
In order to prevent the unstable connection between the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 and the occurrence of a break or a separation, the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 are fixed and connected to each other, thereby increasing the stability.
In an implementable manner, the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 are fixed by means of an adhesive. In another practical manner, the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 are fixed by a fixing member.
In the implementation of the present invention, the first radiator 101 is fixed by the first fixing structure 107 disposed in the upper casing 105, and the impedance element 102 is fixed by the groove or the second fixing structure disposed in the upper casing 105, that is, the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 are fixed separately, so as to increase the stability of the two, and then the impedance element 102 is connected to the first fixing structure 107, so as to indirectly connect the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102, thereby preventing the two from breaking or separating. It should be noted that the first fixing structure 107 may be a hollow structure, so that the first radiator 101 and the impedance element 102 are directly connected.
In order to increase the flexibility of the ultra-wideband antenna, the first radiator 101 is a non-bendable metal strip, and the second radiator 103 is a gooseneck metal strip. The second radiator 103 is made of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, and the gooseneck metal strip may be a serpentine tube or the like, and may be bent or rotated.
It should be noted that the form and function of the radiators are not limited herein, and may be changed according to the usage scenario, for example, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 103 are both gooseneck metal strips or both non-bendable metal strips, or the second radiator 103 is a non-bendable metal strip, and the first radiator 101 is a gooseneck metal strip.
In order to better increase the shaping ability, i.e. the shaping effect, of the second radiator 103, in an implementation manner, the metal material of the second radiator 103 is changed, for example, a material that is deformable at high temperature and non-deformable at low temperature is used. In another implementation, a bendable metal strip 1031, such as a metal strip of aluminum or silver, is added to the interior of the second radiator 103.
The connection between the second radiator 103 and the first radiator 101 is fixed by an upper connector 108 disposed on the upper housing 105, which is equivalent to that one end of the impedance element 102 is connected to the first fixing structure 107, so as to connect the impedance element 102 to the first radiator 101, and the other end of the impedance element 102 is connected to the upper connector 108, so as to connect the impedance element 102 to the second radiator 103, thereby indirectly connecting the first radiator 101 to the second radiator 103.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the current distribution on the radiator can be changed through the impedance element 102, so that the current of the upper structure of the ultra-wideband antenna presents traveling wave distribution, the reflected current is reduced, the broadband characteristic is optimized, and the length of the radiator of the ultra-wideband antenna is changed according to the change of the frequency.
In one implementation, the impedance element 102 may be a solid inductor, and in another implementation, the impedance element 102 may be an air inductor. The inductor belongs to an energy storage element, and when the inductance value is fixed, the reactance and the frequency of the inductor are in a direct proportion relation, so that when a low-frequency signal works, the impedance of the impedance element 102 is low, the whole current of the ultra-wideband antenna is still continuously distributed, and at the moment, the effective radiator comprises a first radiator 101, the impedance element 102 and a second radiator 103. When the high frequency signal is working, the impedance of the impedance element 102 increases, and when the impedance increases to infinity, the impedance element 102 is cut off, and the effective radiator for the ultra-wideband antenna only includes the impedance element 102 and the second radiator 103. Thereby preventing the directional pattern from being cracked at high frequency and increasing the bandwidth of the antenna.
The solid inductor and the hollow inductor are different in the presence or absence of a central skeleton, and the inductance of the hollow inductor is larger than that of the solid inductor, in the embodiment of the invention, the hollow inductor is obtained by winding 6 circles on a jig with the diameter of 8mm at the interval of 1mm through an enameled wire with the diameter of 1 mm. It should be noted that the diameter of the enameled wire, the diameter of the jig, and the number of winding turns may be set by a technician, and are not specifically limited.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second end of the second radiator 103 is connected to the first antenna circuit board 104 through the transmission line transformer 109. In order to protect the security of the first antenna circuit board 104, the lower casing 110 is used for packaging protection, that is, the first antenna circuit board 104 is disposed inside the lower casing 110.
Specifically, the second radiator 103 is fixedly connected through the lower case 110. The housing 110 is provided with a lower connector 111, the lower connector 111 is fixedly connected to the second end of the second radiator 103, and the bendable metal strip 1031 in the second radiator 103 is fixed according to a groove or a connector provided in the housing 110.
The first antenna circuit board 104 is connected with a lantern 112 through a transmission line transformer 109, the lantern 112 is used for transmitting signals, the lantern 112 is connected with a lower connecting piece 111, and further the indirect lantern 112 is connected with the second radiator 103, so that the second radiator 103 is connected with the first antenna circuit board 104.
In order to optimize the miniaturization of the communication device, fig. 2 exemplarily shows a structural schematic diagram of a composite antenna, which includes the above-mentioned ultra-wideband antenna and navigation antenna, and the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna are stacked up and down.
As shown in fig. 2, the navigation antenna includes a third radiator 201, a second antenna circuit board 202 and a low noise amplifier circuit board 203, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the ultra-wideband antenna is connected to the two-core connector 300 through the first transmission line 120 via the center hole of the second antenna circuit board 202, the second antenna circuit board 202 is connected to the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 via the second transmission line 220, and the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 is connected to the two-core connector 300.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the two-core connector 300 is used for feeding, which is equivalent to feeding the ultra-wideband antenna through the first transmission line 120, feeding the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 through the second transmission line 220, and indirectly feeding the navigation antenna because the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 is connected with the second antenna circuit board 202.
To better illustrate the above structure, fig. 3 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of a navigation antenna, as shown in fig. 3, the two-core connector 300 is connected to the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 through the second transmission line 220, because the navigation antenna includes a passive antenna, the passive transmission line 2301 is disposed on the low noise amplifier circuit board 203, and the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 is fixed at the two-core connector 300 through a plurality of solder pins 310 in order to increase the stability of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203.
Specifically, as is apparent from fig. 3, the second antenna circuit board 202 is disposed perpendicular to the low noise amplifier circuit board 203.
Further, the third radiator includes four spiral arms 204, wherein the spiral arms 204 include a main radiator 2041 and a sub radiator 2042, fig. 4 schematically illustrates a plan view of the spiral arms, and as shown in fig. 4, the shape of the main radiator 2041 and the shape of the sub radiator 2042 are both gradually narrowed from top to bottom. Therefore, the bandwidth of the navigation antenna is increased, and the multi-frequency navigation antenna is realized.
In order to increase the stability of the spiral arm 204, an insulating medium 205 is added, as shown in fig. 3, the insulating medium 205 may penetrate through the first transmission line 120 and be disposed at a distance of 1mm from the edge of the second antenna circuit board 202, for example, within the edge of the second antenna circuit board 202.
In the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a low noise amplifier circuit board, and fig. 6 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna circuit board, where a in fig. 5 is a front side of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203, b in fig. 5 is a back side of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203, a in fig. 6 is a back side of the second antenna circuit board 202, and b in fig. 6 is a front side of the second antenna circuit board 202.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, it is explained that the two-core connector 300 indirectly feeds the navigation antenna through the second transmission line 220. Specifically, the two-core connector 300 is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 through the second transmission line 220, the output end of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203 is connected to the output end of the second antenna circuit board 202 through a third transmission line, that is, one end of the third transmission line is connected to the output end of the low noise amplifier circuit board 203, and the other end of the third transmission line is connected to the output end of the second antenna circuit board 202, so that the two-core connector 300 indirectly feeds the navigation antenna through the second transmission line 220.
The fixed branch of the lna board 203 is connected to the ground terminal of the first antenna board 104 through the node hole, and is connected to the ground terminal of the second antenna board 202, so as to achieve common grounding.
The central hole of the second antenna circuit board 202 is used to pass through the first transmission line 120 to reduce the radiation effect of the first transmission line 120 on the navigation antenna.
In order to realize the circular polarization of the navigation antenna and satisfy the requirement that the second antenna circuit board 202 has a central hole, the circular polarization is realized by a power division phase shifter, as shown in fig. 6, specifically, the second antenna circuit board 202 is provided with three power division phase shifters 211 and one λ/4 microstrip line 212.
Further, fig. 7 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a feeding network of a phase shifter, as shown in fig. 7, wherein the power divider phase shifter 211 is a 3dB phase shifter, and likewise, may be another phase shifter, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, three 3db phase shifters (as shown in fig. 6) are disposed on the second antenna circuit board 202, and the three 3db phase shifters are used for phase changes of the second antenna in clockwise directions of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, so that right-hand circular polarization of the navigation antenna is implemented by the three 3db phase shifters under the condition of saving space. Wherein, the 3dB phase shifter can realize 90-degree phase shift, so that the 2-port phase leads the 1-port phase by 90 degrees. To realize 4-port 180 ° and 3-port 270 °, an 1/4 λ phase shifter needs to be introduced, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the function of the 1/4 λ phase shifter is realized by 1/4 λ microstrip lines, and further, the 90 ° phase shift is realized by 1/4 λ microstrip lines.
In an implementable manner, phase changes of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° counterclockwise can be realized according to the three 3db phase shifters, so that left-hand circular polarization of the navigation antenna is realized.
However, most of the antennas of the conventional navigation satellite are right-hand circularly polarized, and therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to better receive or transmit navigation signals, the right-hand circularly polarized navigation antenna is implemented by phase changes of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° clockwise.
In order to show the effects of the embodiments of the present invention and the prior art, fig. 8 exemplarily shows a directional diagram with a frequency of 225MHz, fig. 9 exemplarily shows a directional diagram with a frequency of 512MHz, and fig. 10 exemplarily shows a directional diagram with a frequency of 678MHz, wherein a dotted line shows the directional diagram of the embodiments of the present invention, and a solid line shows the directional diagram of the prior art, as can be seen from the diagrams, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention avoids the occurrence of fission on the directional diagram during high-frequency operation, prevents energy loss in the horizontal direction, and further improves radiation efficiency.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transmission line transformer 109 is an auto-coupling transformer formed by winding an enameled wire with the diameter of 1mm on a single-hole magnetic ring with the outer diameter of 13mm, the inner diameter of 7mm and the height of 5mm, and the transformation ratio of the auto-coupling transformer is 4:1, and the matched antenna standing wave ratio can be fixed below 3 through the transmission line transformer 109.
In the embodiment of the invention, the upper housing 105 and the lower housing 110 are made of a PC + ABS composite material, and the antenna has the advantages of good toughness, high strength, strong impact resistance, good heat resistance and low temperature resistance, good size consistency of a finished product, high wave transmittance and small influence on the electrical performance of the antenna. The upper connector 108 of the upper casing 105 and the lower connector 111 of the lower casing 110 may be formed by connection, for example, the upper casing 105 and the upper connector 108 are sealed by a structural adhesive of a + B type. The adhesive has short curing time, easy production efficiency improvement, high sealing performance, impact resistance, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, grease resistance and the like.
The connection described in the embodiments of the present invention is generally an electrical connection that can transmit signals, and is not limited in particular.
Various modifications and alterations of this application may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband antenna is characterized by comprising a first radiator, an impedance element, a second radiator and a first antenna circuit board;
the first radiator is connected with the first end of the second radiator through the impedance element; the impedance of the impedance element is proportional to the frequency;
the second end of the second radiator is connected with the first antenna circuit board;
under the condition of low-frequency signals, the first radiator and the second radiator are in a working state; under the high-frequency signal, the first radiator is in a cut-off state under the action of the impedance element, and the second radiator is in a working state.
2. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the second end of the second radiator is connected to the first antenna circuit board through a transmission line transformer.
3. The ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein the first radiator is a non-bendable metal strip; the second radiator is a gooseneck-type metal strip.
4. The ultra-wideband antenna of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the impedance element is an air core inductor.
5. A composite antenna comprising the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4;
the ultra-wideband antenna and the navigation antenna are arranged in an up-and-down laminated mode.
6. The composite antenna of claim 5, wherein the navigation antenna comprises a third radiator, a second antenna circuit board and a low noise amplifier circuit board arranged in sequence from top to bottom;
the ultra-wideband antenna is connected with the dual-core connector through a first transmission line and a center hole of the second antenna circuit board;
the second antenna circuit board is connected with the low-noise amplifier circuit board through a second transmission line, and the low-noise amplifier circuit board is connected with the dual-core connector.
7. The composite antenna of claim 6, wherein the second antenna circuit board is disposed perpendicular to the low noise amplifier circuit board.
8. The composite antenna of claim 6, wherein the third radiator comprises four spiral arms;
the spiral arm comprises a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator, and the shape of the main radiator and the shape of the auxiliary radiator both gradually narrow from top to bottom.
9. The composite antenna of claim 6, wherein the second antenna circuit board is provided with three power divider phase shifters and one λ/4 microstrip line.
10. The composite antenna of any of claims 5 to 9, wherein the ultra-wideband antenna is an omni-directional monopole antenna;
the diameter of the ultra-wideband antenna is smaller than that of the navigation antenna.
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| CN202110450979.2A CN114361774B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
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| CN202110450979.2A CN114361774B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
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| CN114361774B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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