CN105244606A - Quadrifilar helix antenna - Google Patents
Quadrifilar helix antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105244606A CN105244606A CN201510765654.8A CN201510765654A CN105244606A CN 105244606 A CN105244606 A CN 105244606A CN 201510765654 A CN201510765654 A CN 201510765654A CN 105244606 A CN105244606 A CN 105244606A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quadrifilar helix antenna. Through a method that bottom shapes of radiation arms are kept to be unchanged and parallel folding processing is performed on tops of the radiation arms, the quadrifilar helix antenna shortens the height and the volume of the quadrifilar helix antenna and maintains a fixed working frequency and antenna performance; the quadrifilar helix antenna introduces a grounding unit, so an inductive impedance of input impedance is improved, the problem of too small radiation resistance caused by the small spiral arms and enhanced coupling between the spiral arms is solved, energy loss caused by a mismatch of an input port is prevented, and radiation efficiency and a gain of the quadrifilar helix antenna are improved; the quadrifilar helix antenna is printed on a flexible film, the weight is light, and stability is good; and through adoption of a method that the printed film is winded on a medium column, a deformation, generated due to an external force, of the quadrifilar helix antenna is prevented, and then the performance index of the quadrifilar helix antenna is relative stable and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of satellite navigation, particularly relate to a kind of four-arm spiral antenna.
Background technology
Four-arm spiral antenna is proposed in nineteen sixty-eight by U.S. Johns Hopkins University Kilgus, this four-arm spiral antenna have cardioid pattern, without the need to any ground connection, good before and after than and the feature such as circular polarization characteristics of excellence, therefore satellite communication system is widely used in, especially desirable global positioning system (GlobalPositionSystem is considered to, GPS), Beidou satellite navigation system (BeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem, and satellite mobile phone reception antenna, but its outstanding shortcoming is that volume is larger BDS).And current airmanship is at civil area, especially automobile navigation and individual mobile terminal location flourish, make miniaturization be the important trend that four-arm spiral antenna adapts to modern communications needs, therefore urgent requirement is proposed to the miniaturization of four-arm spiral antenna.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of four-arm spiral antenna, in order to realize while reduction four-arm spiral antenna size, the operating frequency ensureing four-arm spiral antenna and the performance maintaining four-arm spiral antenna constant.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of four-arm spiral antenna, comprising:
Radiating principal and circular polarization feeding network;
Described radiating principal comprises four spiral arm; Each spiral arm in described four spiral arm comprises radiation arm and ground unit;
For any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the radiation arm of this spiral arm is by being folded to form primary radiation arm, linking arm, auxiliary radiation arm; The first end of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is connected with a spiral arm feed port in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is connected with the auxiliary radiation arm of this spiral arm by the linking arm of this spiral arm; The first end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with a grounding ports in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
Optionally, described four-arm spiral antenna also comprises:
Dielectric posts, described dielectric posts, perpendicular to plated circuit plate, comprises described circular polarization feeding network in described plated circuit plate;
Be positioned at the flexible printing film on described dielectric posts surface, described radiating principal is positioned at the surface of described flexible printing film.
Optionally, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is parallel with the auxiliary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
Optionally, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the lead angle of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is preset angle.
Optionally, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the linking arm of this spiral arm is parallel to the cross section of described dielectric posts.
Optionally, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, determine according to the input impedance that this spiral arm is expected the position that the second end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
Optionally, the input impedance of described expectation is 50 ohm.
Optionally, described circular polarization feeding network comprises feed element, four spiral arm transmission lines, radio circuit transmission lines, four spiral arm feed port, four grounded ports;
Described radio circuit transmission line connects external radio frequency circuit;
Each spiral arm transmission line is connected with a spiral arm feed port, and each spiral arm feed port is connected with a spiral arm, and each grounding ports is connected with the ground unit in a spiral arm;
Described four spiral arm feed port be evenly distributed on first threshold be radius circle on;
Described four grounded port be evenly distributed on Second Threshold be radius circle on.
Optionally, described dielectric posts is the cylindrical of hollow, and is made up of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Optionally, described flexible printing film by relative dielectric constant be 3.2, thickness is that the plexiglas of 0.1mm is formed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1. the embodiment of the present invention is by folding each spiral arm, greatly reduces four-arm spiral antenna height and reduces four-arm spiral antenna volume, ensureing that four-arm spiral antenna is operated in steady job frequency and ensure that the performance of four-arm spiral antenna.
2. the embodiment of the present invention is on the basis of traditional four-arm spiral antenna, and each radiation arm adds a ground unit.By the introducing of ground unit, improve the induction reactance part of input impedance, make up because four-arm spiral antenna volume is little, between spiral arm coupling strengthen and the too small problem of the radiation impedance that causes, thus avoid the energy loss that causes because of the mismatch of input port, and then improve radiation efficiency and the gain of four-arm spiral antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly introduced, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of four-arm spiral antenna structural representation that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of spiral arm schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of circular polarization feed network structures schematic diagram that Fig. 3 (a) provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of circular polarization feed network structures schematic diagram that Fig. 3 (b) provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, and obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of four-arm spiral antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprise:
Dielectric posts 4, described dielectric posts 4, perpendicular to plated circuit plate 2, comprises circular polarization feeding network in described plated circuit plate 2;
Be positioned at the flexible printing film 3 on described dielectric posts 4 surface;
Be positioned at the radiating principal 1 on described flexible printing film 3 surface, described radiating principal 1 comprises four spiral arm.
In order to reduce the technical difficulty that four-arm spiral antenna makes, in the embodiment of the present invention, radiating principal 1 is printed on flexible printing film 3, and then by flexible printing film 3 solderless wrapped connection to dielectric posts 4 on the surface, ensures the stability of four-arm spiral antenna.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure the performance of four-arm spiral antenna, described flexible printing film 3 by relative dielectric constant be 3.2, thickness is that the plexiglas of 0.1mm is formed.Certainly, the thickness of described flexible printing film 3 and relative dielectric constant is also available determines according to actual conditions, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
In order to prevent the deformation causing four-arm spiral antenna because of external force, in the embodiment of the present invention, described dielectric posts 4 can be designed as cylindrical, meanwhile, in order to reduce the weight of four-arm spiral antenna, the centre of dielectric posts 4 can be emptied, and forms the cylindrical of hollow.Certainly, described dielectric posts 4 can also be other shapes, does not repeat them here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described dielectric posts 4 can be made up of polytetrafluoroethylene.Certainly, described dielectric posts 4 can also be other materials, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
In order to reduce the volume of four-arm spiral antenna, in the embodiment of the present invention, each radiation arm in the radiating principal of four-arm spiral antenna being carried out folding, reducing four-arm spiral antenna height and reducing four-arm spiral antenna volume.Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, be a kind of spiral arm schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.In Fig. 2, the ground unit that each spiral arm in described four spiral arm comprises radiation arm and is connected with radiation arm; Each radiation arm is by being folded to form primary radiation arm 102, linking arm 103, auxiliary radiation arm 104.Radiation arm in each spiral arm, while folding, is kept the shape invariance of primary radiation arm 102 in radiation arm, and folds out the auxiliary radiation arm 104 be connected with primary radiation arm 102 by linking arm 103.By this folding, greatly reduce four-arm spiral antenna height, reduce four-arm spiral antenna volume, while ensureing the steady job frequency of four-arm spiral antenna and four-arm spiral antenna performance, be also beneficial to debugging and optimize.In the embodiment of the present invention, for avoiding the energy loss caused because of the impedance mismatching of input port, on the basis of traditional four-arm spiral antenna, each primary radiation arm 102 adds a ground unit 101.By the introducing of ground unit 101, improve the input impedance of four-arm spiral antenna, greatly improve radiation efficiency and the gain of four-arm spiral antenna.
Fig. 2 is an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and the concrete shape of auxiliary radiation arm 104 can be also " L " type, " U " type etc., depending on embody rule scene.The example of Fig. 2 is that miniaturized one compares reasonable manner, even when ensureing other performances, can make main radiation arm 102 and the same length of auxiliary radiation arm 104, carrying out maximized reduction spiral arm height.
In Fig. 2, for any one spiral arm, the first end of the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm is connected with a spiral arm feed port in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm is connected with the auxiliary radiation arm 104 of this spiral arm by the linking arm 103 of this spiral arm; The first end of the ground unit 101 of this spiral arm is connected with a grounding ports in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the ground unit 101 of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm.
Preferably, in Fig. 2, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm is parallel with the auxiliary radiation arm 104 of this spiral arm, and the lead angle between the cross section of primary radiation arm 102 and described dielectric posts 4 can be preset angle, wherein, described preset angle can be determined according to actual conditions.Meanwhile, the linking arm 103 of this spiral arm is parallel with the cross section of described dielectric posts 4.Certainly, the linking arm 103 of this spiral arm also can not be parallel with the cross section of described dielectric posts 4.
Certainly, the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm also can be not parallel with the auxiliary radiation arm 104 of this spiral arm, but have an angle.Specifically can determine according to actual conditions.
In such scheme, the primary radiation arm 102 of spiral arm is parallel with auxiliary radiation arm 104, the volume of four-arm spiral antenna can be reduced, simultaneously because the electrical length of spiral arm and lead angle do not change, so the operating frequency of four-arm spiral antenna and performance almost do not change, thus reach the object of four-arm spiral antenna miniaturization.
While four-arm spiral antenna smaller volume, ground unit 101 in each spiral arm can increase the induction reactance part of spiral arm input impedance, by the position that the second end of regulated ground unit 101 is connected with the primary radiation arm 102 of this spiral arm, different input impedance can be obtained.When the access point of ground unit 101 and primary radiation arm is close to primary radiation arm first end time, the input impedance of antenna is higher; When the access point of ground unit 101 and primary radiation arm is away from primary radiation arm first end time, the input impedance of antenna is lower.Therefore, the position that the second end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is determined in the input impedance can expected according to this spiral arm.In the embodiment of the present invention, the input impedance of described expectation can be 50 ohm.Certainly, the input impedance expected also can be other values.
Preferably, the length of the auxiliary radiation arm 104 in each spiral arm can also adjust according to the operating frequency of spiral arm.
The circular polarization feeding network comprised in plated circuit plate 2 can have various ways, in order to provide the balanced feed structure of constant amplitude, phase 90 degree, devises a kind of balanced feed structure of broadband in the embodiment of the present invention.Concrete as shown in Fig. 3 (a) to Fig. 3 (b).
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), it is a kind of circular polarization feed network structures schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
In Fig. 3 (a), circular polarization feeding network comprises feed element 201; A radio circuit transmission line 202; Four spiral arm transmission lines, are respectively the first spiral arm transmission line 203, second spiral arm transmission line 204, triple helical arm transmission line the 205, the 4th spiral arm transmission line 206.Wherein, described four spiral arm feed port be evenly distributed on first threshold be radius circle on, first threshold can be chosen according to actual conditions, no longer limits at this.
As shown in Fig. 3 (b), it is a kind of circular polarization feed network structures schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
In Fig. 3 (b), circular polarization feeding network also comprises four spiral arm feed port, is respectively the first spiral arm feed port 207, second spiral arm feed port 208, triple helical arm feed port the 209, the 4th spiral arm feed port 210; Four grounded port, is respectively the first grounding ports 211, second grounding ports 212, the 3rd grounding ports 213, the 4th grounding ports 214.Wherein, described four grounded port be evenly distributed on Second Threshold be radius circle on, described Second Threshold can be chosen according to actual conditions, no longer limits at this.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the radio circuit transmission line in circular polarization feeding network connects external radio frequency circuit.Each spiral arm transmission line is connected with a spiral arm feed port by the via hole of plated circuit plate 2, and each spiral arm feed port is connected with a spiral arm, and each grounding ports is connected with the ground unit in a spiral arm; Thus realize the constant amplitude feed four spiral arm being followed successively by 90 ° of phase differences.
For example, composition graphs 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b), the first spiral arm transmission line 203 can be connected by via hole with the first spiral arm feed port 207; Second spiral arm transmission line 204 can be connected by via hole with the second spiral arm feed port 208; Triple helical arm transmission line 205 can be connected by via hole with triple helical arm feed port 209; 4th spiral arm transmission line 206 can be connected by via hole with the 4th spiral arm feed port 210.
It should be noted that, as long as ensure that each spiral arm transmission line is connected with a spiral arm feed port, each spiral arm feed port is connected with a spiral arm transmission line.
Optionally, in Fig. 3 (b), the material making four grounded port can be metallic copper, and the ground unit in each spiral arm is welded on corresponding metallic copper.
In sum, the beneficial effect adopting such scheme to produce is:
1. the embodiment of the present invention is by folding each spiral arm, greatly reduces four-arm spiral antenna height and reduces four-arm spiral antenna volume, ensureing that four-arm spiral antenna is operated in steady job frequency and ensure that the performance of four-arm spiral antenna; In addition, the five-port circular polarization feeding network of employing, had both provided the constant amplitude feed being followed successively by 90 ° of phase differences, also ensure that the Miniaturization Design of antenna.
2. the embodiment of the present invention is on the basis of traditional four-arm spiral antenna, and each four-arm spiral antenna adds a ground unit.By the introducing of ground unit, improve the induction reactance part of input impedance, make up because four-arm spiral antenna volume is little, between spiral arm coupling strengthen and the too small problem of the radiation impedance that causes, thus avoid the energy loss that causes because of the mismatch of input port, and then improve radiation efficiency and the gain of four-arm spiral antenna.
3. the typography adopted, machining accuracy is high, and quality is light, good stability; Adopt the inner PTFE medium post emptied, both significantly reduced four-arm spiral antenna weight, and can prevent again four-arm spiral antenna from deforming by external force, thus make four-arm spiral antenna performance index more reliable and more stable.
Although describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art once obtain the basic creative concept of cicada, then can make other change and amendment to these embodiments.So claims are intended to be interpreted as comprising preferred embodiment and falling into all changes and the amendment of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a four-arm spiral antenna, is characterized in that, comprising:
Radiating principal and circular polarization feeding network;
Described radiating principal comprises four spiral arm; Each spiral arm in described four spiral arm comprises radiation arm and ground unit;
For any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the radiation arm of this spiral arm is by being folded to form primary radiation arm, linking arm, auxiliary radiation arm; The first end of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is connected with a spiral arm feed port in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is connected with the auxiliary radiation arm of this spiral arm by the linking arm of this spiral arm; The first end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with a grounding ports in described circular polarization feeding network, and the second end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
2. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described four-arm spiral antenna also comprises:
Dielectric posts, described dielectric posts, perpendicular to plated circuit plate, comprises described circular polarization feeding network in described plated circuit plate;
Be positioned at the flexible printing film on described dielectric posts surface, described radiating principal is positioned at the surface of described flexible printing film.
3. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is parallel with the auxiliary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
4. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the lead angle of the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm is preset angle.
5. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, the linking arm of this spiral arm is parallel to the cross section of described dielectric posts.
6. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, for any one spiral arm in described four spiral arm, determine according to the input impedance that this spiral arm is expected the position that the second end of the ground unit of this spiral arm is connected with the primary radiation arm of this spiral arm.
7. four-arm spiral antenna as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the input impedance of described expectation is 50 ohm.
8., as the four-arm spiral antenna as described in arbitrary in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described circular polarization feeding network comprises feed element, four spiral arm transmission lines, radio circuit transmission lines, four spiral arm feed port, four grounded ports;
Described radio circuit transmission line connects external radio frequency circuit;
Each spiral arm transmission line is connected with a spiral arm feed port, and each spiral arm feed port is connected with a spiral arm, and each grounding ports is connected with the ground unit in a spiral arm;
Described four spiral arm feed port be evenly distributed on first threshold be radius circle on;
Described four grounded port be evenly distributed on Second Threshold be radius circle on.
9., as the four-arm spiral antenna as described in arbitrary in claim 2 to 7, it is characterized in that, described dielectric posts is the cylindrical of hollow, and is made up of polytetrafluoroethylene.
10., as the four-arm spiral antenna as described in arbitrary in claim 2 to 7, it is characterized in that, described flexible printing film by relative dielectric constant be 3.2, thickness is that the plexiglas of 0.1mm is formed.
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CN201510765654.8A CN105244606A (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2015-11-11 | Quadrifilar helix antenna |
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Cited By (11)
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CN105552546A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 惠州硕贝德无线科技股份有限公司 | Small-sized big dipper antenna |
CN105977628A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-09-28 | 嘉兴佳利电子有限公司 | Miniature multi-band spiral navigation antenna |
CN106711609A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-24 | 成都北斗天线工程技术有限公司 | Low-profile frequency conversion four-arm helical antenna and frequency conversion method thereof |
CN106848580A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-13 | 成都北斗天线工程技术有限公司 | One kind four arm spiral antenna-feedback systems of miniaturization |
CN106972248A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 南京邮电大学 | The conformal four-arm spiral antenna of one kind miniaturization printing |
CN107104280A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-29 | 西安巨向导航科技有限公司 | A kind of New Kind of Helix Antenna |
WO2018120594A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Dual-frequency broadband quadrifilar helical antenna |
WO2018184346A1 (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Dual-frequency quadrifilar helical antenna |
CN109449576A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 | A kind of four-arm spiral antenna of high-gain |
CN110690561A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-14 | 国网思极神往位置服务(北京)有限公司 | Broadband miniaturized antenna applied to satellite navigation terminal and working method thereof |
CN114361774A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
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Cited By (15)
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CN105552546A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 惠州硕贝德无线科技股份有限公司 | Small-sized big dipper antenna |
CN105977628A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-09-28 | 嘉兴佳利电子有限公司 | Miniature multi-band spiral navigation antenna |
WO2018120594A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Dual-frequency broadband quadrifilar helical antenna |
CN106711609A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-24 | 成都北斗天线工程技术有限公司 | Low-profile frequency conversion four-arm helical antenna and frequency conversion method thereof |
CN106848580A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-13 | 成都北斗天线工程技术有限公司 | One kind four arm spiral antenna-feedback systems of miniaturization |
CN106972248A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 南京邮电大学 | The conformal four-arm spiral antenna of one kind miniaturization printing |
CN106972248B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of conformal four-arm spiral antenna of miniaturization printing |
WO2018184346A1 (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Dual-frequency quadrifilar helical antenna |
CN107104280A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-29 | 西安巨向导航科技有限公司 | A kind of New Kind of Helix Antenna |
CN109449576A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 | A kind of four-arm spiral antenna of high-gain |
CN109449576B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 | High-gain four-arm helical antenna |
CN110690561A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-14 | 国网思极神往位置服务(北京)有限公司 | Broadband miniaturized antenna applied to satellite navigation terminal and working method thereof |
CN110690561B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2023-09-22 | 国网思极神往位置服务(北京)有限公司 | Broadband miniaturized antenna applied to satellite navigation terminal and working method thereof |
CN114361774A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
CN114361774B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-01-05 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
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Application publication date: 20160113 |