CN114357588A - BIM-based design method for inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab - Google Patents
BIM-based design method for inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab Download PDFInfo
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- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a BIM-based design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab, which comprises the following steps: s1: designing three-dimensional BIM of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab; s2: three-dimensional BIM design of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement member; s3: designing a three-dimensional BIM (building information modeling) for reinforcing bars of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement; s4: designing the three-dimensional space adaptation of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement; s5: designing an assembling process of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement; s6: and displaying and dynamically adjusting the overall model of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of visualization, dynamic adjustment, design standardization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of airport engineering structure design, in particular to a design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement panel based on BIM.
Background
The cement concrete pavement is used as the most main structure type of the airport pavement, and the oblique prestressed pavement has longitudinal and transverse prestressing force by arranging the double oblique crossed prestressed tendons, so that the advantages of the prestressed structure are exerted, the defects in the construction aspect of the existing longitudinal prestressed structure are overcome, the defects caused by seams of the cement concrete pavement can be well avoided, the service performance of the pavement is improved, the service life is prolonged, and the safety and the durability of the pavement are improved.
Although the inclined prestressed pavement technology overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the existing longitudinal prestressed pavement technology, the design method of the inclined unbonded prestressed cement concrete pavement is not researched at home and abroad, and the design method of the inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement has important significance for the construction of wide and ultra-long airport pavement in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement panel based on BIM.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab based on BIM comprises the following steps:
s1: designing three-dimensional BIM of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab;
s2: three-dimensional BIM design of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement member;
s3: designing a three-dimensional BIM (building information modeling) for reinforcing bars of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s4: designing the three-dimensional space adaptation of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s5: designing an assembling process of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s6: and displaying and dynamically adjusting the overall model of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement.
In the step S1, the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab includes a three-dimensional size design and a three-dimensional space adaptation design, the three-dimensional size design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab includes a length, a width and a thickness design of a single cement concrete slab, and the three-dimensional space adaptation design is to blend the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab into a corresponding road environment, specifically includes designing a three-dimensional elevation of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab, so that the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab is adapted to a three-dimensional space environment including an airport linear environment, a topographic geological environment and a basic environment.
In the step S2, the three-dimensional BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement member mainly includes three-dimensional size designs of the anchoring force sensor, the anchor pad, the anchoring module and the anchoring head.
In step S3, the purpose of performing the oblique prestressed concrete pavement reinforcement three-dimensional BIM design specifically is as follows:
the hooping control of the anchoring module prevents the concrete anchoring module from cracking in transportation and installation;
the slant prestressed concrete pavement slab applies slant prestress on the working section to realize continuous construction, and the longitudinal and transverse compressive stresses are generated in the pavement slab simultaneously, thereby improving the bearing capacity, the driving comfort and the pavement durability of the concrete pavement.
The BIM framework for the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement comprises a design system, an information system and a model system, wherein the design system is used for providing physical elements and a design environment for the BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, the information system is used for realizing information and directional transmission in the three-dimensional BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, and the model system is specifically a model set in the BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement.
The design system is specifically a BIM design platform, basic design functions are provided through an embedded BIM tool, and specifically include data input and conversion, model information transmission, complex curved surface modeling and editing and information linkage and visualization, and the BIM design platform adopts Autodesk Revit design software supplemented with a Dynamo visual programming platform.
The information system realizes the directional transmission content of various information in the three-dimensional design of the slant prestressed concrete pavement, including information types, information transmission paths, information transmission carriers and information transmission modes,
the information type comprises model internal information and model external information, the model internal information is specifically various information which is generated by relying on an established model and stored in the model in the design process and comprises road panel model information, anchoring module model information, anchorage device model information and prestressed tendon model information, the model external information is specifically initial design information from design data, the information corresponds to dynamic parameters, and the dynamic parameters are integrated and transmitted to a corresponding variable of the model to be converted into the model internal information;
the information transmission carrier is determined by the information types of an information transmitting party and an information receiving party and comprises an internal and external information transmission-oriented carrier and an internal information transmission-oriented carrier, wherein the internal and external information transmission-oriented carrier is used for transmitting model external information into a model and comprises an xlxs table file, a txt text file and a dwg engineering drawing file, and the internal information transmission-oriented carrier is used for realizing the flow of model internal information and comprises an rvt file, an rfa file, a dyn file and a dyf file;
the information transmission mode comprises a transmission mode of geometric information and a transmission mode of non-geometric information, the geometric information consists of three-dimensional size parameters and space state parameters, the transmission of the geometric information comprises parameter rules and parameter drive, the parameter rules are predefining parameters of a design object and assignment logic of the parameters, the parameter drive is execution of the parameter rules and drives adjustment of a model according to the execution of the parameter rules, the parameter rules consist of a numerical element used for expressing a logical relation between parameter numerical value values and parameters and a relation element used for describing the spatial relation between the geometric information, the numerical element comprises three layers of a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, and the parameter drive comprises parameter drive of family parameters and parameter drive of Dynamo nodes.
The model system comprises a model unit and a model structure, wherein the model unit is used as a basic object and comprises an item level, a functional level, a component level and a part level, the model structure is a model structure of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, and in the model structure of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, the component level model is divided into a pavement model unit comprising the oblique prestressed concrete pavement model, a component model comprising an anchoring module model and a mould model and a steel bar model comprising a prestressed steel bar model and a stirrup model.
The spatial registration of the model structure of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is used for realizing the matching of a registration object and the spatial state of the registration object, the basic elements of the model structure comprise the registration object, a registration constraint element, spatial state information and a registration sequence, the registration object comprises an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, a construction model and a steel bar model, the spatial state information of the registration object is specifically a spatial position and a spatial attitude, the registration sequence is determined by the mutual reference relationship between the registration models, the spatial registration target of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is specifically to register a member model and the steel bar model to the specified position of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, and the spatial attitude of each registration object is adjusted to be in line with the expectation.
In the registration design process, part of registration design information is external information of the model, needs to be transmitted to the model, and comprises design parameters related to the reinforcing bars, including plates where the reinforcing bars are located, arrangement angles, arrangement intervals, arrangement quantity and reinforcing steel bar radius, and design parameters related to the anchoring modules, including spatial absolute positions where the anchoring modules are located and arrangement quantity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the design object of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement comprises an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab, a reinforcing steel bar and a member, and the design content covers the three-dimensional size design and the three-dimensional space adaptive design of the design object.
The invention constructs a BIM technical framework for the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, which consists of a model system, an information system and the model system, determines the specific content and the function of each layer, and has guiding significance for developing the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement based on the BIM technology.
The three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement based on the BIM is divided into three stages: the method comprises a three-dimensional design stage of an oblique prestressed concrete pavement structure, a three-dimensional size design stage of an oblique prestressed concrete pavement member and a steel bar, and an assembling and delivering design stage of an oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional model. On the basis, the design target, the design flow and the information transmission path of each design stage are analyzed, and the BIM-based inclined prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design flow is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the slant prestressed cement concrete pavement slab according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of information classification of a three-dimensional design facing an oblique prestressed concrete pavement.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parameter driving principle of the Dynamo node of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional design model structure facing an oblique prestressed concrete pavement.
Fig. 5 is a BIM structural view of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement anchoring module.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a BIM-based three-dimensional design of an inclined prestressed concrete pavement.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification.
The invention provides a BIM-based design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab, which comprises the following steps:
s1: three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab;
s2: three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement member;
s3: three-dimensional design of reinforcement of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s4: designing the three-dimensional space adaptation of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s5: designing an assembling process of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s6: and (5) displaying the integral model of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement.
The three-dimensional design of the obliquely prestressed concrete pavement will be described in detail below
BIM technical framework oriented to three-dimensional design of slant prestressed concrete pavement
According to the characteristics of the BIM technology and the three-dimensional design elements of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, the BIM technology architecture facing the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is divided into a design system, an information system and a model system, and the design system provides physical elements and a design environment for the BIM design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement; the information system relates to information and transmission in the three-dimensional BIM design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, and is the core of the BIM design method different from the traditional design method; the model system is a model set in BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, and comprises a model structure, model establishment and model registration.
1. Design system
A design system in the three-dimensional design framework of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is divided into two parts, namely hardware and software. On the basis that hardware comprising a database, a local server and a network server provides physical layer support for the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, the invention mainly realizes specific design work through software (BIM design platform).
The BIM design platform is an environment basis of three-dimensional design, and in the design process, the establishment, storage and calling of various models, the input, conversion and transmission of information and the interaction between the models and the information all depend on the BIM design platform. The BIM design platform provides a basic design function for design through an embedded BIM tool, and the software platform for the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement has the following functions:
(1) data input and conversion function
The three-dimensional design process of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement relates to files in various data formats, and data collection and compiling are completed through an information transmission tool and a data conversion tool of a BIM design platform. And finishing the import of the information and enabling the information to be in an editable state through a data import interface contained in the information transfer tool. Furthermore, according to the information expression mode of the design platform, the information expression mode can be subjected to targeted conversion through a data conversion tool.
(2) Model information transfer functionality
In the three-dimensional design process of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, the design parameters among the models have high relevance, and the information transmission among the models is realized through an information transmission tool of a BIM (building information modeling) design platform. The information transfer tool supports recognition, extraction and input of model information, so that information such as geometric dimension information, spatial position and posture information, model attribute information and the like among models keep a good interactive response state.
(3) Complex surface modeling and editing function
The three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement relates to a large number of customized components, and a model management tool and a model editing tool are embedded into a BIM design platform to ensure the model foundation of BIM design. The model management tool is used for uniformly managing the models loaded into the design platform. The model editing tool is used for realizing the establishment and the processing of the model, so that the design platform has good establishment and editing capacity of the complex curved surface model.
(4) Information linkage and visualization function
The interactive frequency between the information of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is higher, the slight change of the design scheme often leads to the correction work of large-area models and information, and the parameter management tool is utilized to help to improve the design quality and the design efficiency. The core functions of the parameter manager are of two types: one is the definition function of the parameters and the value law thereof, and the other is the bidirectional linkage function between the model and the parameters. The parameter management tool is a basic tool for realizing parametric design, and lays the foundation of information linkage and information visualization.
Aiming at the requirements, a platform for three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is required to be supported by computer hardware with excellent performance and appropriate software. Through comparative analysis, the invention selects Autodesk Revit as a design platform (software) and is assisted by a Dynamo visual programming platform, and the main reasons are as follows:
(1) the Revit platform supports the import of files with various common formats, including files such as dwg, rvt, rfa, adsk, xlsx and the like, and if a user needs to import data in files with other formats, secondary development can be carried out on API through an external program interface reserved by Revit, so that data butt joint of a target file and Revit is realized;
(2) the Revit platform has good graphic processing capacity, and can meet the modeling requirements of various irregular geometric shapes by combining and using modeling tools such as stretching, lofting, rotating and the like;
(3) the Revit platform comprehensively manages the model and the information in a 'family' form, and the process of integrating the information into the model is the process of information transmission and visual expression;
(4) because the parameter degree of the Revit platform is limited, by means of a node library in the Dynamo platform, the parameter design can be realized by writing Dynamo self-defined nodes with specific functions based on Dynamo system nodes and pertinently expressing specific parameter logic or driving the adjustment of a specified model. And establishing a script program to connect each functional node in series so as to express the logic of parameter data processing and realize parametric design.
2. Information system
The information system aims at realizing the directional transmission of various types of information, and the essence of the information system is the directional transmission process of various types of information in the design process. This section explains the information type, information transmission path, information transmission carrier, information transmission method, and the like in the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement.
Information related in the three-dimensional design process of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is divided into two categories, namely model internal information and model external information, as shown in fig. 2, the model internal information refers to various information generated by relying on the established model in the design process, and the information is stored in the model and comprises pavement slab model information, anchoring module model information, anchorage device model information and prestressed tendon model information. The model external information is initial design information provided by design data, the information is the value basis of key design parameters in the design scheme, and is formed according to the inclined prestressed concrete pavement structure and the assembly design method, the information corresponds to dynamic parameters in parametric design, and the information is integrated and then transmitted to the position of the corresponding variable of the model and converted into the model internal information.
The information delivery carrier is determined by the information type of the information delivery party and the information receiving party. Information transfer carriers are divided into two categories, corresponding to internal and external transfer and internal transfer: one is a carrier facing internal and external information transmission, and the other is a carrier facing internal information transmission.
(1) Carrier for internal and external information transmission
The internal and external information transmission process is a process of transmitting external information of the model to the model, and commonly used carriers comprise an xlxs table file, a txt text file, a dwg engineering drawing file and the like. After the model external information is compiled or drawn in the carriers according to a certain rule, the transmission can be completed through reserved interfaces corresponding to the BIM design platform and each carrier.
(2) Carrier for internal information transfer
The process of internal information transfer is a process of model internal information flow, and a model file is used as a carrier of internal information transfer. Common model files include rvt files, rfa files, dyn files, dyf files, and the like. The rvt file is a special carrier, and can contain project files of various models.
The information in the BIM design includes both geometric information and non-geometric information. The non-geometric information refers to attribute information of the design object, such as name, material, production information, and the like of the design object. The definition of non-geometric information in different BIM design platforms has great difference, and a non-geometric information transmission method with guiding significance and strong universality law is difficult to form, so the invention focuses on explaining the transmission method of the geometric information.
The geometric information is composed of three-dimensional size parameters and space state parameters. In a BIM environment, the design is expressed in the form of a model, so the transfer of geometric information corresponds to the modeling of the design object. In the design, the information transmission is realized by defining the geometric design parameters of the design object, establishing parameter logic and rules and determining parameter values, and the bidirectional linkage editing between the model and the parameters is realized by means of a parameter driving method. The transmission of geometric information in the BIM design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is completed by two parts of parameter rules and parameter drive: the parameter rule is the predefinition of the parameter of the design object and the assignment logic thereof, and the parameter driving is the execution of the parameter rule and drives the adjustment of the model according to the execution.
(1) Parameter rules
The operation logic and numerical value relation among all parameters are defined in the form of parameters, and the formed parameter rules cover the contents of geometric information-oriented design method, logic judgment and the like.
Constituent elements of parameter rule
The parameter rule mainly comprises a numerical value element and a relation element.
The numerical element is an element for expressing the logical relationship between the value of the parameter value and the parameter on the premise of clearly designing the parameter and the geometric information transmission object. The parameter operation rule in the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is expressed by editing the numerical processing statement and the logic analysis statement, and the method is a basis for acquiring and transmitting geometric information in batch. The relationship elements are mainly used for describing the spatial relationship among the geometric information, such as vertical, coherent, parallel, horizontal and the like. Considering that a model is usually composed of a plurality of basic geometric elements, points, lines, planes, etc. are used as auxiliary references for the relational elements.
And fusing the numerical value elements and the relation elements to form a parameter relation facing to the distance or angle between key points, lines and planes, so that the method has the capability of reflecting the geometric shape, the spatial position and the spatial attitude of each model.
Hierarchy of parameter rules
The complexity of the parameter rule reflects the parameterization degree of the design object and represents the adaptability of the design object to the environment. In the design application based on the BIM technology, the essence of the parameter rule is a preset behavior built in the model, and the parameter rule is divided into a bottom layer, a middle layer and a high layer according to the target of the built-in behavior.
Aiming at a bottom layer parameter rule, a built-in behavior takes establishment of a three-dimensional entity model as a main target, the parameter rule takes a corresponding relation of embodying parameters and value rules thereof as a main target, and takes a specific numerical value as a main target, and an operation rule is used as an auxiliary target.
Aiming at a middle-level parameter rule, a built-in behavior aims at realizing multi-model-oriented spatial registration or size linkage adjustment, the parameter rule defines the logical association between the operation rule of the parameters and the parameters, and the function relationship between dynamic parameters is taken as the main principle, so that a design object has self-adaptive adjustment capability.
Aiming at the advanced parameter rule, the built-in behavior aims at realizing the cooperation among multiple models, and the contents of model establishment, size adjustment, space registration, conflict coordination and the like of a design object are included. The parameter rules enable the design object to have higher-level environment adaptability and information interaction capability.
(2) Parameter driving method
The parameter driving is used for guiding the design object to adjust the design parameters according to parameter rules and guiding the model to carry out the process of adjusting the three-dimensional size, the spatial position and the spatial attitude by specific parameter values. Different BIM design platforms differ in parameter driven approach. In the study, the Revit and Dynamo platforms are taken as examples, and the family parameters in the Revit and the driving nodes in the Dynamo are used for realizing parameter driving.
Parameter driving method of family parameters
In the Revit design platform, family parameters are a kind of special parameters in a model file, and have the capability of driving model adjustment, such as: and adjusting the family parameters related to the size, and carrying out linkage change on the corresponding size of the model. The core of the parameter driving method based on the family parameters is to assign values to the family parameters, and then the platform automatically changes the corresponding size or position of a design object according to the self bottom layer algorithm logic. There are two ways of assigning the parameters of the family parameters: firstly, directly inputting specific numerical values of family parameters in a model file; secondly, a functional relation among the parameters is input into the model file, a family parameter value rule is embodied, and relevance adjustment of the model is driven.
Parameter driving method of Dynamo node
The Dynamo platform implements parameterized design of various target objects in the form of nodes. The Dynamo nodes are a series of basic function modules formed by encapsulating built-in functions or self-built functions of the platform. In the Dynamo node library, the nodes for establishing and modifying the driving model mainly refer to "Geometry" and "Revit" series nodes. And compiling modeling related parameters, namely corresponding parameter rules through a programming language built in the Dynamo platform to form a self-defined node taking 'Geometry' and 'Revit' series nodes as cores, thereby realizing parameter driving. As shown in fig. 3, taking the creation node of the basic Cylinder as an example, the parameter value logic of start Point, end Point and radius at the parameter input end of the type of node is expressed by direct assignment or a functional relationship between parameters, and the corresponding node execution operation result Cylinder (Cylinder) is returned at the node output end, so as to modify and adjust the corresponding size of the Cylinder model.
And establishing parameter value rules for the internal functional relation of the sizes of the structures and the components through a programming language built in the Dynamo platform, and returning a corresponding node execution operation result at a node output end.
3. Model system
(1) Model structure
In order to comb the relationship between BIM models, the concepts of model units and model structures are introduced, wherein the former is a basic object of design activity and digital expression in a BIM environment, and the latter expresses a combination and splitting mechanism between the model units. According to the function and purpose, the model units are divided into item level, function level, component level and part level: the project level model unit takes engineering projects as units; the functional level model unit divides a professional working range; the basic constituent elements of the component-level model unit carding model are basic units for model establishment; the part-level model unit is a further refinement of the build-level model.
The three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement takes an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab, a member and a steel bar as design objects. On the basis, a model structure facing the oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design is established, as shown in fig. 4. In the model structure, component-level models are further classified into three types according to the information transmission characteristics of model units: one type is a pavement model unit, which comprises an oblique prestressed concrete pavement model; one is that the component model includes an anchor module model and a mold model; one type is a steel bar model comprising a prestressed bar model and a stirrup model. The two types of model units are arranged in the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, and the three-dimensional size design and the space registration design of the model units are based on the related information of the pavement slab model.
(2) Model type and establishing method
Design and modeling based on the BIM technology are unified, so before design is developed, a method for establishing a target model is clarified. In a BIM three-dimensional design environment, models can be divided into standard models and customized models according to different modeling methods: for the standard model, the establishment of the model can be completed through the calling and modification of a system model library; for the customized model, firstly, a modeling thought is determined according to the structural characteristics of the design object, and then, a modeling method is selected in a targeted manner.
The standard model is a model provided by a design platform, mainly takes a universal structure or a structure as a main part, and is stored in a system model library of the design platform. The customized model is a model corresponding to a customized structure or a customized building, and is a supplement and expansion to the finite geometric modeling of the system model.
Standard model and calling method thereof
The system achieves the purpose of restricting the editing range of the model by presetting the standard model in the aspects of geometric shape, attribute information items, adjustable size parameters and the like. For the preset content of the standard model, although the emphasis points of each design platform are different, the structure of the model is brought into the non-adjustable range.
Therefore, only when the target model can find the corresponding standard model in the system model library, the standard model can be used as the basis of modeling, and the model can be established by modifying and editing part of parameters.
② customizing model and modeling method
Design platforms typically provide a variety of custom modeling approaches to accommodate diversification of design solutions. For the modeling of the customized model, the integrity of the target model is a precondition for selecting a modeling method.
There are two types of modeling ideas for the custom model: the first type is an overall design idea, and a sketch file is utilized to complete the integrated design of the model; the second type is a split-combined design idea, a target model is split into a plurality of sub-models, the sub-models are respectively established by utilizing a plurality of sketch files, and finally the sub-models are assembled and integrated. The split-combined design concept is suitable for modeling objects with a large number of parts or changed internal structures.
Different design platforms have respective understandings and interpretations for the BIM design, and accordingly, the provided customized model building method also shows great difference. Taking Revit + Dynamo platform as an example, the design platform provides two modeling methods for customizing the model: the modeling method based on the family file is characterized in that functions of lofting, stretching, fusing, hollow shape and the like are built in a modeling sketch file, a model with a complex appearance and structure is manually and conveniently established, and model information is stored in the family file; and secondly, a modeling method based on Dynamo nodes is adopted, the nodes predefine parameters required for building a geometric model, after the value rules of the parameters are input at the parameter input ends of the nodes, the nodes are operated to complete the building of the program model, and the model information is stored in a program file.
(3) Model structure spatial registration
The model system needs to perform spatial registration, which is a process of adjusting a registration object to match its spatial state. The registration object, the registration constraint element, the spatial state information, and the registration order are the basic elements of spatial registration.
In the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, related registration objects comprise an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, a construction model and a steel bar model.
The spatial state information of the registration object refers to the spatial position and the spatial attitude, and is the key of the registration design. Therefore, a proper positioning reference system is selected to provide reasonable reference for establishing the spatial constraint relation of the registration object. The positioning reference system aims at meeting the registration requirement, can directly adopt a default world coordinate system of a design platform, and can also be constructed in a targeted manner.
The registration order is determined by the cross-reference relationship between the registration models. The spatial registration target of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is as follows: and registering the member model and the steel bar model to the specified position of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, and adjusting the spatial posture of each registered object to meet the expected process. It can be known that there is strong spatial correlation between the registration objects, and the spatial state information of the block model of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab is a prerequisite for the registration design of other registration objects, so the object for which the registration design is performed first should be the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab, and the other registration objects can be performed synchronously afterwards.
In the registration design process, part of the registration design information is external information of the model, and needs to be transmitted to the model, and the registration design process specifically comprises the following steps: (1) design parameters related to the reinforcing bars, such as plates where the reinforcing bars are located, arrangement angles, arrangement intervals, arrangement quantity, radius of the reinforcing bars and the like; (2) and design parameters related to the anchoring modules, such as the absolute spatial position and the arrangement number of the anchoring modules.
BIM-based three-dimensional design process of inclined prestressed concrete pavement
According to the key design node of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement based on the BIM is divided into three stages: the three-dimensional design stage of the pavement structure, the three-dimensional design stage of the pavement components and the reinforcing bars, and the assembly and delivery design stage of the pavement three-dimensional model are shown in the detailed flow chart of fig. 6.
1) BIM-based three-dimensional design stage of inclined prestressed concrete pavement structure
The stage is based on a road geometric information three-dimensional conversion technology, an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model is used as a target model of the stage, and staged design targets comprise the thickness and three-dimensional elevation design of an oblique prestressed concrete pavement and the plane size design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab. In order to adapt to the information transmission mode of a three-dimensional design environment, the source and the expression mode of road geometric information are researched, the information extraction target and the conversion method are determined, and the design basis of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement structure is formed. The method for establishing the continuous model of the corresponding oblique prestressed concrete pavement surface layer is provided based on the conversion result of the road geometric information, the linear characteristics of the model are taken as research objects, the adaptability between the model and the plate dividing technology is deeply analyzed, and the method for establishing the oblique prestressed concrete pavement surface plate model is provided based on the method.
2) BIM-based three-dimensional size design stage of inclined prestressed concrete pavement member and reinforcing bar
The three-dimensional size design method parameterized expression and model establishment of the components and the reinforcing bars are the main targets of the design stage. And defining three-dimensional size design parameters and parameter relations of the design object through the model file, establishing parameter rules, and driving the parameterized design work of the components and the reinforcing bars.
3) BIM-based assembling and delivering stage of three-dimensional model of inclined prestressed concrete pavement
In the stage, an oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional model is taken as a target model, and the contents comprise spatial registration and collaboration of multiple models and formulation of delivery standards. In the model registration stage, an oblique prestressed concrete pavement plate, a member and a steel bar are used as registration objects, a loading and calling method of a registration model is provided, and a set of parameterized registration method facing the oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design is formed on the basis. In the model cooperation stage, the related functions of the BIM design platform are combined to form a set of complete assembly interference detection and coordination method, and the method comprises a multi-model space analysis method, an interference detection method, an interference coordination method and the like. In conclusion, the multiple models are subjected to registration design, interference detection and interference coordination, the assembly design of the three-dimensional model of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is completed, and the cooperation of the multiple models is ensured. And finally, establishing a BIM-based oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design delivery standard and standardizing the delivery of design results.
Three-dimensional design method of oblique prestressed concrete pavement based on BIM
The three-dimensional design idea of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement comprises the following steps:
a) design scheme based information model processing and reconstruction
And acquiring related dimension data information according to the design scheme to establish an integral model of the surface layer of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, and completing design through direct division of the model to obtain an association relation among a plate model of the surface layer of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement, the anchoring member, the reinforcement model and all data.
b) Parameterized model design, loading and invocation
And establishing a single three-dimensional BIM model by utilizing Revit. Establishing a single component family → inserting the single component into the new project, establishing a parameterization relation aiming at different design schemes by using Dynamo, and modifying the model data. The three-dimensional size design method parameterized expression and model establishment of the components and the reinforcing bars are the main targets of the design stage. And defining three-dimensional size design parameters and parameter relations of the design object through the model file, establishing parameter rules, and driving the parameterized design work of the components and the reinforcing bars. After the parametric design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, the anchoring member and the reinforcement model is completed, the model is constructed in a modular manner by utilizing a model loading and calling technology.
c) Model assembly and spatial registration
In the stage, an oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional model is taken as a target model, and the contents comprise spatial registration and collaboration of multiple models and formulation of delivery standards. In the model registration stage, an oblique prestressed concrete pavement plate, a member and a steel bar are used as registration objects, a loading and calling method of a registration model is provided, and a set of parameterized registration method facing the oblique prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design is formed on the basis. And in the model cooperation stage, a set of complete interference detection and coordination method is formed by combining the related functions of the BIM design platform. In conclusion, the assembling design of the three-dimensional model of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement is completed by the multiple models through registration design and interference detection, the cooperation of the multiple models is ensured, and finally, the delivery standard of the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement based on the BIM is established, and the delivery of the design result is standardized.
Examples
1) Plan for drawing plate size according to requirement
The design of the structure of the slant prestressed concrete pavement refers to the design steps of the structure of the common cement concrete pavement, and is summarized as follows:
(1) collecting data, determining the main use machine type of the airport, and knowing the geological and hydrological conditions of a field and the raw material conditions around the airport;
(2) determining a designed airplane, determining the thickness of a base layer structure and a structure layer according to field conditions and main use models, determining the width y of a pavement to be 7m and the length x to be 30m (shown in figure 1), and primarily simulating the thickness of the pavement;
(3) determining the equivalent resilience modulus of the top surface of the base layer, wherein the equivalent resilience modulus of the top surface of the base layer is determined through a field bearing plate experiment, and when the conditions are not allowed, the equivalent resilience modulus of the top surface of the base layer can be obtained through conversion according to the compaction condition of the soil foundation, the material and the thickness of the base layer;
(4) calculating the annual repetitive action times of various airplanes;
(5) converting the repeated action times among different airplanes;
(6) calculating the accumulated repeated action times of the airplane within the design life of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement;
(7) calculating load stress to obtain the critical load position of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, wherein the critical load position is 1.5m away from the end part of the longitudinal edge;
(8) calculating the maximum temperature warping stress, determining the temperature gradient according to the temperature subarea where the airport is located and the thickness of the pavement, and calculating the temperature warping stress at the worst load position;
(9) calculating load and temperature fatigue stress;
(10) and calculating the longitudinal prestress at the required critical load position, and neglecting the influence of the frictional resistance stress because the critical load position is positioned near the end part of the pavement to obtain the prestress at the critical load position.
(11) Calculating transverse prestress, longitudinal prestress, transverse warping stress and load stress of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement;
(12) determining the arrangement angle alpha of the prestressed tendons to be 30 degrees according to the ratio of the longitudinal stress to the transverse stress, selecting the type (diameter) of the prestressed tendons according to the pavement thickness, and calculating to obtain the distance d of the prestressed tendons to be 0.6 m;
(13) checking whether the transverse prestress and the longitudinal prestress meet the requirements in the middle of the road surface;
(14) the temperature stress of the middle point of the transverse joint is taken according to the common concrete pavement, and the initial tensile stress of the middle point of the transverse joint is calculated;
(15) the design of the anchoring area, the anchoring area adopts a chamfer-shaped prefabricated module, the chamfer radius is recommended to be 50-80 mm, the material adopts fiber reinforced concrete, the tensile strength is related to the chamfer radius, the width 2l of the anchoring module in the longitudinal direction is 1200m, the angle alpha of the reinforcing steel bar is 30 degrees, the long side of the right-angle side of the anchoring module in the transverse width direction is yb 300mm, the short side is ya 173.2mm, and the oblique side is yc 346.4mm (as shown in fig. 5);
2) calculating the size of the fitting
For the module in the transverse width direction, the dimension of the reinforcement hole is not changed, the width of the bevel edge is scaled with the width y of the road surface in an equal proportion, the scaling ratio is k, ya is ycsin (alpha), yb is yccos (alpha), the value is y is 7m, 2l is 1.2m, and alpha is 30 DEG in the example
Calculating the temp (20.957259421636901757820207317569) to 21, namely the 21 st position, which is the left side of the 11 th block, scaling the position according to the original size without changing the relative position, setting a protective layer thickness threshold value during scaling, and calculating the relative coordinates of the accessory and the reinforcing bar on the pavement slab according to the design parameters by using a fitting and reinforcing bar position adaptive calculation method.
The relative coordinates of the prestressed tendon casing at the left lower corner of the anchoring module are as follows:
(l/4+((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin2(α)，
((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin(α)cos(α),hd/2-5)＝(187.5，64.95)
(3l/4-((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin2(α)，
((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin(α)cos(α),hd/2-25)＝(412.5，64.95)
(5l/4+((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin2(α)，
((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin(α)cos(α),hd/2-5)＝(787.5，64.95)
(7l/4-((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin2(α)，
((d-12.45-10)/tan(α)–l/4)sin(α)cos(α),hd/2-25)＝(1012.5，64.95)。
3) according to the model building according to the parameters
And establishing a single three-dimensional BIM model by utilizing Revit. Establishing a single component family → inserting the single component into the new project, establishing a parameterization relation aiming at different design schemes by using Dynamo, and modifying the model data. The three-dimensional size design method parameterized expression and model establishment of the components and the reinforcing bars are the main targets of the design stage. And defining three-dimensional size design parameters and parameter relations of the design object through the model file, establishing parameter rules, and driving the parameterized design work of the components and the reinforcing bars. After the parametric design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, the anchoring member and the reinforcement model is completed, the model is constructed in a modular manner by utilizing a model loading and calling technology.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement panel based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: designing three-dimensional BIM of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement slab;
s2: three-dimensional BIM design of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement member;
s3: designing a three-dimensional BIM (building information modeling) for reinforcing bars of an oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s4: designing the three-dimensional space adaptation of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s5: designing an assembling process of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement;
s6: and displaying and dynamically adjusting the overall model of the oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement.
2. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab design method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement slab includes a three-dimensional design and a three-dimensional space adaptation design, the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab includes a length, a width and a thickness design of a single cement concrete slab, and the three-dimensional space adaptation design is to integrate the inclined prestressed concrete pavement slab into a corresponding road environment, specifically includes designing a three-dimensional elevation of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement slab, so that the inclined prestressed concrete pavement slab adapts to a three-dimensional space environment including an airport linear environment, a topographic geological environment and a base layer environment.
3. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab design method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the three-dimensional BIM design of the inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab mainly comprises three-dimensional design of an anchoring force sensor, an anchor pad, an anchoring module and an anchoring head.
4. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement panel design method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the purpose of performing the three-dimensional BIM design of the reinforcement of the inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement is specifically as follows:
the hooping control of the anchoring module prevents the concrete anchoring module from cracking in transportation and installation;
the slant prestressed concrete pavement slab applies slant prestress on the working section to realize continuous construction, and the longitudinal and transverse compressive stresses are generated in the pavement slab simultaneously, thereby improving the bearing capacity, the driving comfort and the pavement durability of the concrete pavement.
5. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement panel design method according to claim 1, wherein the BIM framework of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design comprises a design system, an information system and a model system, the design system is used for providing physical elements and a design environment for the BIM design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, the information system is used for realizing information and directional transmission in the three-dimensional BIM design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, and the model system is specifically a model set in the BIM design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement.
6. The BIM-based oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement panel design method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said design system is specifically a BIM design platform, which provides basic design functions through an embedded BIM tool, specifically including data input and conversion, model information transfer, complex curved surface modeling and editing, and information linkage and visualization, said BIM design platform adopts Autodesk Revit design software supplemented with Dynamo visual programming platform.
7. The BIM-based design method for the inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement panel according to claim 5, wherein the information system realizes the directional transmission content of various information in the three-dimensional design of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement, including information type, information transmission path, information transmission carrier and information transmission mode,
the information type comprises model internal information and model external information, the model internal information is specifically various information which is generated by relying on an established model and stored in the model in the design process and comprises road panel model information, anchoring module model information, anchorage device model information and prestressed tendon model information, the model external information is specifically initial design information from design data, the information corresponds to dynamic parameters, and the dynamic parameters are integrated and transmitted to a corresponding variable of the model to be converted into the model internal information;
the information transmission carrier is determined by the information types of an information transmitting party and an information receiving party and comprises an internal and external information transmission-oriented carrier and an internal information transmission-oriented carrier, wherein the internal and external information transmission-oriented carrier is used for transmitting model external information into a model and comprises an xlxs table file, a txt text file and a dwg engineering drawing file, and the internal information transmission-oriented carrier is used for realizing the flow of model internal information and comprises an rvt file, an rfa file, a dyn file and a dyf file;
the information transmission mode comprises a transmission mode of geometric information and a transmission mode of non-geometric information, the geometric information consists of three-dimensional size parameters and space state parameters, the transmission of the geometric information comprises parameter rules and parameter drive, the parameter rules are predefining parameters of a design object and assignment logic of the parameters, the parameter drive is execution of the parameter rules and drives adjustment of a model according to the execution of the parameter rules, the parameter rules consist of a numerical element used for expressing a logical relation between parameter numerical value values and parameters and a relation element used for describing the spatial relation between the geometric information, the numerical element comprises three layers of a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, and the parameter drive comprises parameter drive of family parameters and parameter drive of Dynamo nodes.
8. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement slab design method according to claim 5, wherein the model system comprises model units and model structures, the model units are basic objects and comprise project levels, function levels, component levels and part levels, the model structures are the model structures of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design, and in the model structures of the inclined prestressed concrete pavement three-dimensional design, the component level models are divided into pavement model units comprising the inclined prestressed concrete pavement model, component models comprising an anchoring module model and a mold model, and reinforcement models comprising a prestressed reinforcement model and a stirrup model.
9. The BIM-based inclined prestressed cement concrete pavement panel design method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that the spatial registration of the model structure of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is used for realizing the matching of a registration object and the spatial state thereof, the basic elements of the method comprise a registration object, a registration constraint element, space state information and a registration sequence, the registration object comprises an oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, a construction model and a steel bar model, the spatial state information of the registration object is specifically a spatial position and a spatial attitude, the registration sequence is determined by the cross reference relation between the registration models, the space registration target of the three-dimensional design of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement is specifically to register the member model and the steel bar model to the specified position of the oblique prestressed concrete pavement slab model, and the space posture of each registration object is adjusted to meet the expectation.
10. The BIM-based oblique prestressed cement concrete pavement panel design method as claimed in claim 9, wherein during the registration design process, part of the registration design information is external information of the model, which needs to be transmitted to the model, including design parameters related to the reinforcing bars, including the slab where the reinforcing bars are located, the arrangement angle, the arrangement pitch, the arrangement number, the radius of the reinforcing bars, and design parameters related to the anchoring modules, including the spatial absolute position where the anchoring modules are located and the arrangement number.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116502466A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit |
| CN117436184A (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 武汉博雅宏科技有限公司 | Simulation method and system for concrete cast-in-situ distribution |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116502466A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit |
| CN116502466B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-09-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit |
| CN117436184A (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 武汉博雅宏科技有限公司 | Simulation method and system for concrete cast-in-situ distribution |
| CN117436184B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-01 | 武汉博雅宏科技有限公司 | Simulation method and system for concrete cast-in-situ distribution |
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