CN116502466B - Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit - Google Patents

Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit Download PDF

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CN116502466B
CN116502466B CN202310723390.4A CN202310723390A CN116502466B CN 116502466 B CN116502466 B CN 116502466B CN 202310723390 A CN202310723390 A CN 202310723390A CN 116502466 B CN116502466 B CN 116502466B
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陈见行
王世纪
赵仪强
刘磊
张俊文
赵洪宝
杨胜利
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Abstract

The application belongs to the field of calculation of anchor bolt support numerical values, and particularly relates to a method for determining the number of anchor members in an anchor bolt structural unit, which comprises the steps of creating a model in FLAC3D and dividing grids, wherein the number of unit bodies along the direction of the anchor bolt structural unit to be installed is defined as N; installing anchor rod structural units and specifying the number of anchor memberscLess than or equal to N; setting the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit; recording the drawing force and the drawing displacement of the anchor rod structural unit; provision for provision ofcThe maximum drawing force is equal to NThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting upcEqual to 1 and calculated again to give a maximum pull force ofThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining initial precision and defining a first cycle, and ending the first cycle when the calculation result of the first cycle meets the initial precision; defining final precision and setting a second cycle, and ending the second cycle and obtaining the number of anchoring members when the calculation result of the second cycle meets the final precision. The application overcomes the defects of the traditional experience method and the gradual trial algorithm, can effectively improve the calculation efficiency of the anchor rod structural unit and save the calculation time.

Description

Method for determining number of anchoring members in anchor rod structural unit
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of calculation of anchor bolt support numerical values, and particularly relates to a method for determining the number of anchor members in an anchor bolt structural unit.
Background
The anchor rod structural unit is a commonly used structural unit in FLAC3D software developed by Itasca corporation, and can effectively simulate support members such as anchor rods, anchor ropes and the like in rock and soil reinforcement, so that the anchor rod structural unit can be used for numerical calculation of roadway support, chamber support and the like. In FLAC3D, the anchor rod structural unit is embedded in the pile structural unit, and when the pile structural unit is used, the anchor rod structural unit can be opened and supports such as anchor rods, anchor ropes and the like can be simulated by using the anchor rod structural unit only by opening a rock bolt-flag switch.
An important parameter in the anchor rod structural unit is an anchor member, two adjacent anchor members are connected through a node, acting force between the two adjacent anchor members is transmitted through the node, and a plurality of anchor members can form the anchor rod structural unit after being connected in series through the node, so that an anchor rod or an anchor cable is simulated.
However, no determination of the number of anchor members is given in the FLAC3D manual. Therefore, users often rely on empirical methods to determine the number of anchor members when using the bolt structural units, i.e., the number of anchor members is determined based on the user's personal subjective judgment. However, the problem with the empirical method is that it is questionable whether the number of anchoring elements obtained is reasonable, and there is not enough literature to discuss whether the number of anchoring elements obtained using the empirical method is suitable. Furthermore, empirically determining the number of anchor members is often not suitable for the user who first uses the bolt construction unit.
In addition to empirical methods, another method of determining the number of anchor members is a step-wise trial-and-error algorithm. When the method is used, the user needs to start from the minimum number of anchoring members, gradually increase the number of the anchoring members and calculate the number until the calculated result of the whole anchor rod structural unit meets the precision requirement set by the user. FLAC3D specifies that the minimum number of anchor members is 1. Therefore, the user needs to gradually increase the number of anchor members from one anchor member until the entire structural unit calculation results meet the accuracy requirement. But sometimes the number of anchoring members may be tens or even hundreds, which requires tens or even hundreds of trial runs by the user. And in each trial calculation process, the FLAC3D may require a large number of iterative steps to complete. This results in a considerable time and number of iterative steps being consumed in the overall trial calculation process, which is inefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for determining the number of anchoring members in an anchor rod structural unit. The method overcomes the defects of the traditional empirical method and the gradual trial algorithm, and can effectively improve the calculation efficiency of the anchor rod structural unit and save the calculation time.
The application adopts the following technical scheme to provide a method for determining the number of anchoring members in an anchor rod structural unit, which comprises the following steps: creating a model in FLAC3D, dividing grids to form unit bodies along a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and defining the number of the unit bodies along the direction of the unit of the anchor rod structure to be installed as N; setting constitutive models and material parameters for the whole model; defining boundary conditions of the whole model; defining a large deformation calculation mode and unit density of the whole model; installing anchor rod structural units in the interior of the mould, defining the number of anchor memberscIs expressed and iscLess than or equal to N; setting material parameters of an anchor rod structural unit; defining form data; setting the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit; defining a FISH function and recording the drawing force and the drawing displacement of the anchor rod structural unit by using the FISH function; provision for provision ofcThe maximum drawing force when equal to N isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Performing iterative computation by using a model step command; setting upc1 and recalculate to obtaincMaximum pull-out force equal to 1 is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining initial precision and defining a first cycle, and ending the first cycle when the calculation result of the first cycle meets the initial precision; defining the final precision and setting a second cycle, and ending the second cycle and obtaining the number of anchoring members when the calculation result of the second cycle meets the final precision.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
setting a rock bolt-flag in the material parameter of the anchor rod structural unit as true; coupling-normal, coupling-stillness-normal, coupling-efficiency-cutting, moi-pole, moi-y, moi-z, coupling-cutting are all set to 0; the coupling-table is set to 1.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the young, poisson, cross-section-area, perimeter parameters in the material parameters of the anchor rod structural unit are all input according to the actual working condition.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
calculating the shear stiffness of the anchoring interface by adopting a first formula, and assigning a calculation result to a coupling-stillness-shear parameter, wherein the first formula is as follows:
in the formula:kshear stiffness for the anchoring interface;maximum shear force of anchoring interface per unit length;sthe shear slip amount corresponding to the maximum shear force of the anchoring interface.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the definition form data specifically includes: a table is defined and the table number is 1, and the data of the abscissa and the ordinate of the table are defined, wherein the abscissa is the shear slippage of the anchoring interface, and the ordinate is the shear force of the anchoring interface per unit length.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit is required to be less than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10 -7 m/s。
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the initial precision is greater than the final precision.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
provision for provision ofAnd->The relative difference between the two is delta, and delta is calculated by adopting a second formula, wherein the second formula is as follows:
。
as a further description of the above technical solution:
the logic structure of the first cycle is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than initial precision; if the result is negative, adopting a third formula to calculatecA value; the third formula is:
the round dup in the formula is an upward rounding function; will becThe values are assigned to segment parameters of the structural units of the anchor rod, and calculated, and the calculated maximum drawing force is assigned toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again, judging whether delta is smaller than initial precision, if not, continuing to perform the first cycle; if so, the first cycle ends and the second cycle is entered.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the logic structure of the second cycle is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than ultimate precision; if the result is negative, adopting a fourth formula to calculatecA value; the fourth formula is:
will becThe values are assigned to segment parameters of the structural units of the anchor rod, and calculated, and the calculated maximum drawing force is assigned toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again, judging whether delta is smaller than the final precision, if so, continuingPerforming a second cycle; if yes, the second cycle is ended, the obtainedcThe value is the final determined number of anchoring members.
Advantageous effects
The beneficial effects of the application mainly include:
1. the application provides a method for determining the number of anchor members in an anchor rod structural unit. The present application provides a more scientific method of determining the number of anchor members than conventional empirical methods. Moreover, the method for determining the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit has no requirement on the operation experience of users, and even users who use FLAC3D for the first time can quickly determine the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit according to the method provided by the application.
2. Compared with the traditional step-by-step algorithm, the method provided by the application does not need to increase the number of the anchoring members step by step. The number of the anchor members is rapidly determined according to the precision set by the user, so that the calculation efficiency can be doubly improved. Compared with the traditional step-by-step trial algorithm, the method provided by the application has the advantages that the calculation times and the required iteration steps are obviously reduced, and the calculation time can be greatly saved.
3. The application sets two levels of precision, namely initial precision and final precision. Based on the initial accuracy, the user can quickly determine the approximate distribution range of the number of anchor members. Based on the final precision, the user can gradually approach the final number of anchor members, and the number of anchor members can meet the calculation requirement of the final precision. The two-stage precision can be adjusted according to the requirements of users, and the use is flexible and convenient.
4. Comparing the calculated result of the application with the calculated result of the traditional step-by-step trial algorithm, the calculated result and the calculated result are found to have better consistency. By the method, the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit can be effectively calculated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a logic structure of the first loop according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a logic structure of the second loop according to the present application.
Fig. 3 is a calculation principle of the shear stiffness of the anchoring interface according to the present application.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the anchoring performance of the anchor rod calculated by the method of the present application with the conventional step-by-step algorithm.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present application provides a method for determining the number of anchor members in an anchor rod structural unit, including: creating a model in FLAC3D, dividing grids to form unit bodies along a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and defining the number of the unit bodies along the direction of the unit of the anchor rod structure to be installed as N; setting constitutive models and material parameters for the whole model; defining boundary conditions of the whole model; defining a large deformation calculation mode and unit density of the whole model; installing anchor rod structural units in the interior of the mould, defining the number of anchor memberscIs expressed and iscLess than or equal to N; setting material parameters of an anchor rod structural unit; defining form data; setting the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit; defining a FISH function and recording the drawing force and the drawing displacement of the anchor rod structural unit by using the FISH function; provision for provision ofcThe maximum drawing force when equal to N isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Performing iterative computation by using a model step command; setting upc1 and recalculate to obtaincMaximum pull-out force equal to 1 is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining initial precision and defining a first cycle, and ending the first cycle when the calculation result of the first cycle meets the initial precision; defining the final precision and setting a second cycle, and ending the second cycle and obtaining the number of anchoring members when the calculation result of the second cycle meets the final precision.
In one embodiment:
setting a rock bolt-flag in the material parameter of the anchor rod structural unit as true; coupling-normal, coupling-stillness-normal, coupling-efficiency-cutting, moi-pole, moi-y, moi-z, coupling-cutting are all set to 0; the coupling-table is set to 1.
In one embodiment:
the young, poisson, cross-section-area, perimeter parameters in the material parameters of the anchor rod structural unit are all input according to the actual working condition.
In one embodiment:
calculating the shear stiffness of the anchoring interface by adopting a first formula, and assigning a calculation result to a coupling-stillness-shear parameter, wherein the first formula is as follows:
in the formula:kshear stiffness for the anchoring interface;maximum shear force of anchoring interface per unit length;sthe shear slip amount corresponding to the maximum shear force of the anchoring interface.
In one embodiment:
the definition form data specifically includes: a table is defined and the table number is 1, and the data of the abscissa and the ordinate of the table are defined, wherein the abscissa is the shear slippage of the anchoring interface, and the ordinate is the shear force of the anchoring interface per unit length.
In one embodiment:
the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit is required to be less than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10 -7 m/s。
In one embodiment:
the initial precision is greater than the final precision.
In one embodiment:
provision for provision ofAnd->The relative difference between the two is delta, and delta is calculated by adopting a second formula, wherein the second formula is as follows:
。
in one embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1, the first loop logic structure is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than initial precision; if the result is negative, adopting a third formula to calculatecA value; the third formula is:
the round dup in the formula is an upward rounding function; will becThe values are assigned to segment parameters of the structural units of the anchor rod, and calculated, and the calculated maximum drawing force is assigned toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again, judging whether delta is smaller than initial precision, if not, continuing to perform the first cycle; if so, the first cycle ends and the second cycle is entered.
In one embodiment:
as shown in fig. 2, the second loop logic structure is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than ultimate precision; if the result is negative, adopting a fourth formula to calculatecA value; the fourth formula is:
will becThe values are assigned to segment parameters of the structural units of the anchor rod, and calculated, and the calculated maximum drawing force is assigned toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again, judging whether delta is smaller than the final precision, if so, continuing to perform the second cycle; if yes, the second cycle is ended, the obtainedcThe value is the final determined number of anchoring members.
In order to test the effectiveness of the present application, a cuboid model is constructed in FLAC3D, and the lengths of the model along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are 3m, 0.4m and 0.4m respectively. The number of the divided unit bodies in the three directions is 150, 10, respectively. The whole model was set as an elastic model, defining a Young's modulus of 20GPa and a Poisson's ratio of 0.25. The plane boundary condition of x=3 is set as the drum support. Initializing the density of the unit body to 2300kg/m 3 . The large deformation calculation mode is set to false.
The anchor rod structural units were installed in the center of the model and along the X-axis direction and the number of anchor members was set to 150. Setting a rock bolt-flag of an anchor rod structural unit as true; coupling-normal, coupling-stillness-normal, coupling-efficiency-cutting, moi-pole, moi-y, moi-z, coupling-cutting are all 0; coupling-table is 1; young is 200GPa; poisson is 0.2; cross-sectional-area is 490.87mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The period is 78.54mm; coupling-stillness-shear is 10MPa.
As shown in FIG. 3, a table is defined and has a table number of 1, the abscissa data of the table is defined as 0, 5mm, 10mm, and the ordinate data of the table is defined as 0, 50kN/m, 10kN/m, respectively.
The constant drawing speed is set for the drawing end of the anchor rod structural unit, and the drawing speed is 5 multiplied by 10 -7 m/s. Defining a FISH function, wherein the FISH function is named as recording, and a variable force is defined in the FISH function to record the drawing force of the drawing end of the anchor rod structural unit; and defining a variable displacement record anchor rod structural unit drawing end drawing displacement. Recording the drawing force and the drawing displacement of the drawing end of the anchor rod structural unit.
Iterative calculations were performed using the model step command and the number of iterations was set to 18000. The maximum drawing force of the anchor rod is 216.7kN calculated and assigned to. Reducing the number of the anchoring members to 1, performing iterative calculation again to obtain the maximum pulling force of 125.2kN of the anchor rod, and assigning the maximum pulling force to +.>. The initial precision was defined as 30% and the final precision was defined as 5%.
The relative difference delta was calculated using the second formula, resulting in 42.2%. Comparing the relative difference delta with the initial accuracy finds that the relative difference delta is greater than the initial accuracy. Thus, a first cycle is entered. Calculating the number of anchor members using the third formulacThe value is 76. Assigning the maximum pulling force of the anchor rod to the segments parameters and calculating again to obtain the maximum pulling force of the anchor rod of 159.4kN, and assigning the maximum pulling force to the anchor rod. The relative difference delta was calculated using the second formula, resulting in 26.4%. Comparing the relative difference delta with the initial accuracy finds that the relative difference delta is smaller than the initial accuracy. Thus, the first cycle ends.
Comparing the relative difference delta with the final precision finds that the relative difference delta is greater than the final precision. Thus, a second cycle is entered. Calculating the number of anchor members using the fourth formulacThe value was 97. Assigning the maximum pulling force of 166.5kN to the segments parameters and calculating again. The relative difference delta was calculated using the second formula, resulting in 23.2%. Comparing the relative difference delta with the final precision finds that the relative difference delta is greater than the final precision. Calculating the number of anchor members using the fourth formulacThe value is 120. Assigning the maximum pulling force to segments parameters and calculating again to obtain the maximum pulling force of 189.8kN of the anchor rod and assigning the maximum pulling force to +.>. The relative difference delta was calculated using the second formula, resulting in 12.4%. Comparing the relative difference delta with the final precision finds that the relative difference delta is greater than the final precision. Calculating the number of anchor members using the fourth formulacThe value is 135. Assigning the maximum pulling force of the anchor rod to the segments parameters and calculating again to obtain the maximum pulling force of the anchor rod of 207.4kN and assigning the maximum pulling force to +.>. The relative difference delta was calculated using the second formula, resulting in 4.3%. Comparing the relative difference delta with the final precision finds that the relative difference delta is smaller than the final precision. Thus, the second cycle ends. While the number of anchor members is 135. The number of statistical calculations shows that with the method according to the application, a suitable number of anchoring elements can be obtained with only 6 calculations.
For this example, if a step-wise trial algorithm calculation is used, and the precondition that the final precision is 5% is also satisfied, 135 calculations are required, and the number of anchor members obtained is 135.
Therefore, compared with a step-by-step trial algorithm, the method provided by the application can reduce the calculation times by 95.5%, and greatly improves the calculation efficiency. Furthermore, for this case, 18000 iteration steps are required for each calculation. Summary statistics find that compared with a step-by-step trial algorithm, the number of iteration steps required by the method provided by the application is reduced by one order of magnitude.
In addition, the number of the anchoring members calculated by the method provided by the application is consistent with the number of the anchoring members obtained by a traditional step-by-step trial algorithm. The number of the anchoring members obtained by the application and the traditional step-by-step trial algorithm is respectively input into FLAC3D, the anchoring performance of the anchor rod is calculated, and the comparison result is shown in figure 4. It can be seen that the anchoring performance of the anchor rod calculated based on the method provided by the application is consistent with the anchoring performance of the anchor rod obtained by the traditional trial algorithm. The above results all demonstrate that the method proposed by the present application is effective and viable.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application include:
1. the application provides a method for determining the number of anchor members in an anchor rod structural unit. The present application provides a more scientific method of determining the number of anchor members than conventional empirical methods. Moreover, the method for determining the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit has no requirement on the operation experience of users, and even users who use FLAC3D for the first time can quickly determine the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit according to the method provided by the application.
2. Compared with the traditional step-by-step algorithm, the method provided by the application does not need to increase the number of the anchoring members step by step. The number of the anchor members is rapidly determined according to the precision set by the user, so that the calculation efficiency can be doubly improved. Compared with the traditional step-by-step trial algorithm, the method provided by the application has the advantages that the calculation times and the required iteration steps are obviously reduced, and the calculation time can be greatly saved.
3. The application sets two levels of precision, namely initial precision and final precision. Based on the initial accuracy, the user can quickly determine the approximate distribution range of the number of anchor members. Based on the final precision, the user can gradually approach the final number of anchor members, and the number of anchor members can meet the calculation requirement of the final precision. The two-stage precision can be adjusted according to the requirements of users, and the use is flexible and convenient.
4. Comparing the calculated result of the application with the calculated result of the traditional step-by-step trial algorithm, the calculated result and the calculated result are found to have better consistency. By the method, the number of the anchoring members in the anchor rod structural unit can be effectively calculated.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present application can make any changes in shape or structure, and all the technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present application fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A method of determining the number of anchor members in a structural unit of an anchor, comprising the steps of: creating a model in FLAC3D, dividing grids to form unit bodies along a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and defining the number of the unit bodies along the direction of the unit of the anchor rod structure to be installed as N; setting constitutive models and material parameters for the whole model; defining boundary conditions of the whole model; defining a large deformation calculation mode and unit density of the whole model; installing anchor rod structural units in the model, wherein the number of the specified anchor members is represented by c, and c is less than or equal to N; setting material parameters of an anchor rod structural unit; defining form data; setting the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit; definition of FISH functionRecording the drawing force and the drawing displacement of the anchor rod structural unit by utilizing the FISH function; the maximum drawing force when c is equal to N is defined asThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Performing iterative computation by using a model step command; setting c to 1 and calculating again to obtain a maximum pullout force of +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining initial precision and defining a first cycle, and ending the first cycle when the calculation result of the first cycle meets the initial precision; defining final precision and setting a second cycle, and ending the second cycle and obtaining the number of anchoring members when the calculation result of the second cycle meets the final precision;
provision for provision ofAnd->The relative difference between the two is delta, and delta is calculated by adopting a second formula, wherein the second formula is as follows:
，
the logic structure of the first cycle is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than initial precision; if the result is negative, calculating a value c by adopting a third formula; the third formula is:
，
the round dup in the formula is an upward rounding function; assigning the value c to segments parameters of the anchor rod structural unit, calculating, and assigning the calculated maximum drawing force toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again and judging whether delta is smaller than the initial precision, if soIf not, continuing the first cycle; if yes, ending the first cycle and entering a second cycle;
the logic structure of the second cycle is as follows: judging whether delta is smaller than ultimate precision; if the result is negative, calculating a value c by adopting a fourth formula; the fourth formula is:
，
assigning the value c to segments parameters of the anchor rod structural unit, calculating, and assigning the calculated maximum drawing force toThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating delta again, judging whether delta is smaller than the final precision, if so, continuing to perform the second cycle; if yes, the second cycle is ended, and the obtained c value is the finally determined number of the anchoring members.
2. The method of determining the number of anchor members according to claim 1, wherein: setting a rock bolt-flag in the material parameter of the anchor rod structural unit as true; coupling-normal, coupling-stillness-normal, coupling-efficiency-cutting, moi-pole, moi-y, moi-z, coupling-cutting are all set to 0; the coupling-table is set to 1.
3. The method of determining the number of anchor members according to claim 2, wherein: the young, poisson, cross-section-area, perimeter parameters in the material parameters of the anchor rod structural unit are all input according to the actual working condition.
4. The method of determining the number of anchor members according to claim 1, wherein: calculating the shear stiffness of the anchoring interface by adopting a first formula, and assigning a calculation result to a coupling-stillness-shear parameter, wherein the first formula is as follows:
，
in the formula: k is the shear stiffness of the anchoring interface;maximum shear force of anchoring interface per unit length; s is the corresponding shear slippage when the shear force of the anchoring interface reaches the maximum shear force.
5. The method of determining the number of anchor members according to claim 1, wherein: the definition form data specifically includes: a table is defined and the table number is 1, and the data of the abscissa and the ordinate of the table are defined, wherein the abscissa is the shear slippage of the anchoring interface, and the ordinate is the shear force of the anchoring interface per unit length.
6. The method of determining the number of anchor members according to claim 1, wherein: the drawing speed of the loading end head of the anchor rod structural unit is required to be less than or equal to。
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