CN115510526A

CN115510526A - BIM-based three-dimensional design method and system for assembly type cement concrete pavement

Info

Publication number: CN115510526A
Application number: CN202211074897.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵彩; 赵鸿铎; 马鲁宽; 凌建明; 钱鑫; 成可
Original assignee: Tongji University
Current assignee: Tongji University
Priority date: 2022-09-02
Filing date: 2022-09-02
Publication date: 2022-12-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a BIM-based three-dimensional design method and a system for an assembled cement concrete pavement, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing information conversion based on the geometric information of the horizontal and vertical directions of the road to obtain three-dimensional center line and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing a continuous model of a pavement surface layer based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road; determining a matched pavement plate three-dimensional design method based on the plate dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model, and establishing an assembled pavement plate model; building a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model based on a preset design method and design parameters of a construction, a component and a reinforcement in the assembled pavement slab; and performing co-registration on the models based on the assembled pavement slab model and the spatial relationship among the structure, the components and the reinforcement model of the assembled pavement slab model. Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the digital and information design of the assembled cement concrete pavement and improves the design efficiency.

Description

BIM-based three-dimensional design method and system for assembly type cement concrete pavement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of assembled pavement structures, in particular to a BIM-based three-dimensional design method and system for an assembled cement concrete pavement.

Background

In recent years, fabricated concrete pavements have begun to be used in rapid repair, new construction and re-extension projects for roads and airports. In the design of fabricated concrete decking, decking sheets and their internal construction, components, reinforcing bars and the like have significant three dimensional and dimensional characteristics. Thus, the high precision three-dimensional design of fabricated decking is the basis for achieving precision prefabrication and on-site precision assembly of decking boards.

Traditionally, two-dimensional design methods are mostly adopted in the design of fabricated paving, and the defects are mainly reflected in that:

(1) The linkage between geometric information and non-geometric information of a design-oriented object is poor, the transmission and expression ways of the information are limited, the design process is interfered by redundant information, and the phenomena of 'information isolated island', 'information redundancy' and 'information inconsistency' of a single design-oriented object exist;

(2) Due to the lack of three-dimensional parameterized association among design objects in the two-dimensional design, the two-dimensional design method cannot efficiently cope with linkage design or scheme modification of multiple objects in the fabricated pavement structure;

(3) A unified mechanism for design data management is lacked in two-dimensional design, and the data extraction and calling functions facing to a design object are limited, so that the self-checking and information statistics of a design scheme are difficult to develop.

Therefore, an informatization and parameterization design method is urgently needed for the three-dimensional design of the fabricated pavement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a BIM-based three-dimensional design method and system for an assembled cement concrete pavement, which improve the three-dimensional quality of the assembled cement concrete pavement, improve the design efficiency and realize the digital and information design of the assembled cement concrete pavement.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a BIM-based three-dimensional design method for an assembled cement concrete pavement comprises the following steps:

performing information conversion based on the horizontal and vertical geometric information of the road to obtain a three-dimensional center line of the road and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing an assembled pavement surface layer continuous model based on the three-dimensional center line of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road;

determining a matched pavement plate three-dimensional design method based on the plate dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model, and establishing an assembled pavement plate model;

building a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model based on a preset design method and design parameters of a construction, a component and a reinforcement in the assembled pavement slab;

and performing collaborative registration on the models based on the spatial relationship among the assembled pavement slab model, the structural model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

The information conversion is carried out on the basis of the geometric information of the horizontal and vertical directions of the road to obtain the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and the method comprises the following steps: and extracting road three-dimensional center line data according to a preset CAD two-dimensional drawing or a preset CAD three-dimensional drawing, and extracting road three-dimensional elevation information according to preset road three-dimensional measurement form data.

The method for extracting the road three-dimensional center line data aiming at the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing comprises the following steps:

judging whether a curve exists in the CAD two-dimensional drawing,

if only straight lines exist in the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing, the following steps are carried out:

denote the plane design line as l ₁ Acquiring a positive engineering direction vector a of the plane design line;

let the design line of the vertical section be l ₂ Acquiring a project positive direction vector b of the horizontal plane projection;

obtaining the included angle alpha between the vector a and the vector b, and converting the l ₂ After rotating alpha around Z axis, l is obtained ₂ ' adjusting the projection of the design line of the vertical section on the horizontal plane to the design line of the planeParallel connection;

translation in horizontal direction l ₂ ', projection of its origin on the horizontal plane and l ₁ The starting points coincide to obtain a three-dimensional center line l of the road ₂ ″；

If a curve exists in the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing, the following steps are carried out:

acquiring a road plane design line and a longitudinal section design line from a road plane drawing and a longitudinal section drawing;

setting control points on a road plane design line, acquiring Z-axis coordinates of the control points on a vertical section design line according to the pile numbers of the control points, and drawing three-dimensional control points;

and connecting the three-dimensional control points in series by using B-spline curve nodes to generate a road three-dimensional center line.

The method for extracting the road three-dimensional elevation information aiming at the preset road three-dimensional measurement form data comprises the following steps:

importing road information to a Revit design platform based on the road three-dimensional elevation information;

reading and processing three-dimensional elevation data in the table data by using a data analysis node of Dynamo;

and a road surface model is constructed by utilizing the site modeling function of Revit, and the linear characteristics, the three-dimensional elevation design information and the cross section width of the assembled pavement are visually reflected, so that the three-dimensional elevation information of the road is visually presented in the form of a curved surface model.

The step of respectively establishing the continuous model of the assembled pavement surface layer based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road comprises the following steps:

judging whether the modeling information is a road three-dimensional center line or a road sign model,

when the modeling information is a road three-dimensional center line, selecting a lofting control point on the road three-dimensional center line, and setting a lofting control plane at the control point; drawing a corresponding cross section of the pavement surface layer continuous model on the lofting control plane, and taking the drawn cross section as a lofting object; executing lofting operation to generate a corresponding three-dimensional solid model;

when the modeling information is a road surface model, a road surface model processing technology taking surface of Dynamo nodes as a core is constructed, so that the geometric shape of the model is stretched from a planar shape to a body shape, and the conversion from the road surface model to a pavement surface layer continuous model is realized.

The three-dimensional design method for determining the matched pavement plate block based on the plate dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model comprises the following steps:

when the three-dimensional center line of the road only comprises straight lines, the assembly type pavement plate model is established by adopting a splitting method, and the three-dimensional design of the assembly type pavement plate is directly carried out on the surface layer continuous model, which specifically comprises the following steps: creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a designated position of the surface layer continuous model, so that the surface layer continuous model is split into a plurality of assembled pavement slab models;

when the three-dimensional center line of the road contains curves, an assembled pavement slab model is established by adopting a reconstruction method, and the pavement slab model is reconstructed by extracting key information of the continuous model of the surface layer, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a specified position of the continuous model of the surface layer, obtaining the cross section of the continuous model of the surface layer at the position through intersection processing of the figures, taking the cross section as a lofting object, lofting along the three-dimensional central line of the corrected road, and realizing reconstruction of the assembled pavement slab model.

The building method of the construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model comprises the following steps: a family file-based modeling method and a Dynamo node-based modeling method.

The method comprises the following steps of carrying out collaborative registration on all models based on spatial relations among an assembled pavement slab model, a construction model of the assembled pavement slab model, a component model and a reinforcement model to obtain an assembled pavement three-dimensional model, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring spatial position information and spatial attitude information of a design object, wherein the acquisition of the spatial attitude information of the design object comprises spatial attitude adjustment of a design object model;

loading a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model in batches based on a preset plug-in algorithm;

determining a model attribute conversion method based on a modeling method of an assembled pavement slab model;

acquiring spatial relationship description data between registration objects based on a preset three-dimensional coordinate system;

obtaining design parameters of a design object outside the model based on a preset transfer path and carrying out primary registration;

performing assembly interference detection based on primary registration, and performing collaborative registration optimization;

and finishing the collaborative registration optimization to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

A BIM-based three-dimensional design system for fabricated cement concrete pavement, comprising:

the pavement surface layer continuous model establishing module is used for performing information conversion based on the horizontal and vertical geometric information of the road to obtain a three-dimensional center line of the road and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing an assembly type pavement surface layer continuous model based on the three-dimensional center line of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road;

the assembled pavement slab model building module is used for determining a matched pavement slab three-dimensional design method based on the slab dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model and building an assembled pavement slab model;

the component-level model building module is used for building a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model based on a preset design method and design parameters of the construction, the component and the reinforcement in the assembled pavement slab;

and the model registration module is used for carrying out collaborative registration on the models based on the spatial relationship among the assembled pavement slab model, the structural model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

The model registration module includes:

a registration object space information obtaining unit, configured to obtain space position information and space posture information of the design object, where obtaining the space posture information includes adjusting a space posture of the design object model;

the component-level model loading unit is used for loading the construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model in batches based on a preset plug-in algorithm;

the model attribute conversion unit is used for determining a model attribute conversion method based on a modeling method of the assembled pavement slab model;

the spatial relationship description data acquisition unit is used for acquiring spatial relationship description data between the registration objects based on a preset three-dimensional coordinate system;

the primary registration unit is used for acquiring design parameters of a design object outside the model based on a preset transmission path and performing primary registration;

and the model registration optimization unit is used for carrying out assembly interference detection based on primary registration and carrying out collaborative registration optimization to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the three-dimensional design of the assembled cement concrete pavement is divided into three stages, namely a three-dimensional design stage of an assembled pavement structure, a three-dimensional size design stage of an assembled pavement structure, a component and a reinforcement, and an assembly and delivery design stage of an assembled pavement three-dimensional model. On the basis, the design target, the design flow and the information transfer path of each design stage are analyzed, the BIM-based three-dimensional design flow of the assembled pavement is formed, the three-dimensional quality of the assembled cement concrete pavement is improved, the design efficiency is improved, and the digital and information design of the assembled cement concrete pavement is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for extracting three-dimensional centerline and three-dimensional elevation information of a road;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the method of the present invention for creating a continuous model of a surfacing layer;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a method for obtaining a three-dimensional centerline of a roadway according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for obtaining a three-dimensional center line of a road in another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention for co-registering models;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an angle adjustment process of a lifting leveling member in one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of an information delivery path for a three-dimensional design of assembled decking;

FIG. 9 is a layout of a seam construction according to one embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of external parameter entry rules for reinforcement design in one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating keypoints in a second position reference system, in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the interference of the special components of the grommets with the reinforcing bars in the fabricated decking panel with the grommets included therein;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a BIM-based three-dimensional design system for fabricated concrete pavement;

fig. 14 is a structural diagram of a model registration module.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a three-dimensional design method of an assembled cement concrete pavement based on BIM (building information modeling), as shown in FIG. 1, comprising the following steps:

1) Performing information conversion based on the geometric information of the horizontal and vertical directions of the road to obtain three-dimensional center line and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing an assembled pavement surface layer continuous model based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road, as shown in fig. 2 and 3;

2) Determining a matched pavement plate three-dimensional design method based on the plate dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model, and establishing an assembled pavement plate model;

3) Building a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model based on a preset design method and design parameters of a construction, a component and a reinforcement in the assembled pavement slab;

4) And performing collaborative registration on the models based on the spatial relationship among the assembled pavement slab model, the structural model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional design of the fabricated cement concrete pavement is divided into three stages, namely, a three-dimensional design stage of a fabricated pavement structure, a three-dimensional size design stage of a fabricated pavement structure, a component and a reinforcement, and an assembly and delivery design stage of a three-dimensional model of the fabricated pavement. On the basis, the design target, the design flow and the information transfer path of each design stage are analyzed, the BIM-based three-dimensional design flow of the assembled pavement is formed, the three-dimensional quality of the assembled cement concrete pavement is improved, the design efficiency is improved, and the digital and information design of the assembled cement concrete pavement is realized.

11 Specifically, the information conversion is performed based on the geometric information of the horizontal and vertical directions of the road to obtain the three-dimensional centerline of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and the information conversion comprises the following steps: and extracting road three-dimensional center line data according to the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing and the preset CAD three-dimensional drawing, and extracting road three-dimensional elevation information according to the preset road three-dimensional measurement form data.

The information related in the three-dimensional design process of the assembled pavement is divided into two categories of model internal information and model external information, wherein the model internal information refers to various information generated by relying on the established model in the design process, and the information is stored in the model and comprises pavement surface layer continuous model information, pavement plate model information, construction model information, component model information and reinforcement model information. The model external information consists of two parts: one part is the initial design information provided by the design data, namely the road geometry information; the other part is value information of key design parameters in the design scheme, which is formed according to the assembled pavement structure and the assembled design method, wherein the information corresponds to dynamic parameters in the parameterized design, and is transmitted to the corresponding variable of the model after being integrated to be converted into the information inside the model.

The geometric information of the fabricated pavement road has various information sources, and in order to extract the basic information required by the three-dimensional design of the fabricated pavement from the geometric information, the difference between different information sources needs to be analyzed. The first type is a road design result information source which mainly comprises a road two-dimensional drawing and a road three-dimensional model, the second type is a road measurement result information source, and when the road is repaired by using an assembled pavement technology, the three-dimensional information of the existing road needs to be acquired by a measurement means.

In order to ensure that the integrity and the editability of the information are maintained after the information is transmitted, in this embodiment, the efficient transmission of the external information is taken as a target, an interface type provided by a design platform is combined, an information transmission carrier of each road geometry information source is determined, a dwg file is selected as the information carrier facing the road geometry two-dimensional design result, a dwg file is adopted as the information carrier for the road three-dimensional design result, and an xlsx table file is selected as the information transmission carrier facing the measurement result.

According to the requirement of the assembled pavement three-dimensional design on the geometric information of the road, the geometric information characteristics of roads from different sources are combined, the three-dimensional center line of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road are used as the extraction target of the geometric information of the road, and if the road design result is used as an information source, such as a preset CAD two-dimensional drawing and a preset CAD three-dimensional drawing, the three-dimensional center line of the road needs to be extracted; if the road three-dimensional measurement result is taken as an information source, the road three-dimensional elevation information needs to be extracted.

Specifically, after the two-dimensional road design drawing is imported into the Revit project in a dwg file format, subsequent processing is required to construct a three-dimensional road center line.

The method for acquiring the three-dimensional center line data of the road aiming at the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing comprises the following steps:

judging whether a curve exists in the CAD two-dimensional drawing,

if only straight lines exist in the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing, as shown in FIG. 4, then:

obtaining the included angle alpha between the vector a and the vector b, and converting the l ₂ After rotating alpha around Z axis, l is obtained ₂ ' adjusting the projection of the design line of the vertical section on the horizontal plane toThe plane design lines are parallel;

translation in horizontal direction l ₂ ', projection of its origin on the horizontal plane and ₁ the starting points coincide to obtain a three-dimensional center line l of the road ₂ ″；

If a curve exists in the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing, as shown in FIG. 5, then:

A road three-dimensional center line is extracted according to a preset CAD three-dimensional drawing, and road geometric information based on road three-dimensional design can be generally directly used for subsequent design without additional information conversion.

the road surface model is constructed by utilizing the site modeling function of Revit, the linear characteristics, the three-dimensional elevation design information and the cross section width of the fabricated pavement are visually reflected, and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road is visually presented in the form of a curved surface model.

In the design stage of the thickness of the fabricated pavement, considering the diversity of the three-dimensional conversion results of the road geometric information, a pavement surface layer continuous model building method based on a road three-dimensional center line and a road surface model is provided so as to meet the design requirements under different information extraction targets.

12 Respectively establishing a continuous model of an assembled pavement surface layer based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road comprises the following steps:

when the modeling information is a road three-dimensional center line, selecting a lofting control point on the road three-dimensional center line, and setting a lofting control plane at the control point; drawing a corresponding cross section of the pavement surface layer continuous model on the lofting control plane, and taking the drawn cross section as a lofting object; executing lofting operation to generate a corresponding three-dimensional entity model;

the modeling method has the characteristics of flexibility and reliability, the setting of the lofting control point and the control plane is the key of model establishment, and when the cross slope is designed more complexly, a lofting control coordinate system can be established to improve the accuracy of design.

Specifically, the positions of the control points are selected from two ends of a road section with a changed road cross slope. If the gradient of the cross slope of the whole road section is kept unchanged, only two end points of the three-dimensional center line of the road are needed to be used as lofting control points, otherwise, the two end points of the three-dimensional center line of the road are not needed to be used as lofting control points, and control points are additionally arranged at critical points where the cross slope changes; for setting the lofting control plane, a normal plane of a road three-dimensional center line at a lofting control point is generally used as the lofting control plane, and a lofting object is drawn on the normal plane; for the establishment of the lofting control coordinate system, when the cross slope design is complex, in order to adjust the lofting object on the control plane conveniently, the control coordinate meeting the requirements of the control plane is established at the control point, the graphic outline and the angle of the lofting object are designed accurately, and the change of the road cross slope is reflected accurately.

2) The three-dimensional design method for determining the matched pavement plate block based on the plate dividing adaptability of the assembled pavement surface layer continuous model comprises the following steps of:

21 When the three-dimensional central line of the road only consists of straight lines, a 'splitting method' is adopted to establish a model of the assembled pavement slab, namely, the three-dimensional design of the assembled pavement slab is directly carried out on a surface layer continuous model, and the method comprises the following steps: creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a designated position of the surface layer continuous model, so that the surface layer continuous model is split into a plurality of assembled pavement slab models;

specifically, the core links of the splitting method are as follows:

211 Taking the upper surface of the surface layer continuous model as a target object, and establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system as a positioning system for splitting operation;

212 Two standard splitting tools perpendicular to each other are established and are perpendicular to the plane of the upper surface;

213 By moving a standard splitting tool, placing the splitting tool into the face continuous model;

214 According to the spatial distribution of the splitting tool and the continuous model of the surface layer, the splitting work of the assembled pavement is completed.

In a two-dimensional coordinate system, two mutually perpendicular edges of the surface of the model are respectively recorded as a U axis and a V axis, the position of any point on the curved surface is described by (U, V), and U and V are respectively the relative values of the projection of the point to the origin on the U axis and the V axis and the edge length of the corresponding plate on the surface. For a standard splitting tool, the plane normal vectors of the tool respectively take the directions of a sub-U axis and a sub-V axis, and the tool is provided with longitudinal and transverse partitions for partitioning a continuous model of a surface layer. After a coordinate system and a splitting tool are determined, dividing the surface layer continuous model by taking the positive direction of a U axis and the positive direction of a V axis as the moving direction of a standard splitting tool.

22 Adopting a reconstruction method to build an assembled pavement slab model when a curve is contained in a three-dimensional center line of a road, namely reconstructing the pavement slab model by extracting key information of a surface layer continuous model, and comprising the following steps: and creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a specified position of the surface layer continuous model, obtaining a cross section of the surface layer continuous model at the position through intersection processing of the figures, taking the cross section as a lofting object, lofting along a three-dimensional central line of the corrected road, and realizing reconstruction of the assembled pavement slab model.

The essence of the lofting reconstruction method is that key information such as a cross section, a three-dimensional central line and the like in the pavement layered model is extracted and reasonably corrected, a pavement slab model is reconstructed, and the influence of an original arc line in the surface layer continuous model is eliminated. The design core of the method is the 'line segmentation' processing through a lofting path, and the core links of the design technology are as follows:

221 Obtaining a three-dimensional center line of a road;

222 Setting a control point on the three-dimensional center line of the road, converting the control point into a plurality of line segments, and taking the three-dimensional center line segment as a lofting path;

223 Obtaining the surface layer cross section on the normal plane at each control point, and taking the boundary curve of the surface layer cross section as a lofting object;

224 To perform a loft operation to complete loft reconstruction of the assembled decking panel model.

3) In order to ensure the construction process and performance of the assembled pavement slab, structures such as seams, grouting holes, grouting diversion trenches and the like, and members such as lifting leveling, dowel bars and the like are arranged between the slabs or in the slabs. In addition, the fabricated pavement slab needs to be designed with reinforcing bars to prevent the slab from breaking in construction and improve the pavement performance after the concrete cracks in service.

The construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model are established based on a preset design method and design parameters of the structure, the component and the reinforcement in the assembled pavement slab, for example, in the design method of the hoisting leveling component, the size of the component needs to be designed in a three-dimensional size according to load and material strength, and the three-dimensional size design of the hoisting leveling component comprises a hoisting part and a leveling part. The hoisting member can select the inner diameter according to the working load of the hoisting ring.

The size design of the steel bar model in the assembled pavement slab mainly comprises the design of the diameter and the length of the steel bar, and after the diameter of the steel bar is determined, a reinforcement distribution scheme is designed according to the requirement of reinforcement distribution rate. The steel bar diameter of 12mm commonly used in the existing assembly pavement engineering project is modeled, and the length is obtained by subtracting the thickness of the protective layers at two ends from the length of the plate edge.

When building a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model, parameters and rules thereof to be defined when building the model need to be determined based on three-dimensional design methods of the assembled pavement construction, the component and the reinforcement and three-dimensional design parameters of each design object. For example, the three-dimensional dimension design of the hoisting leveling member covers the following design parameters: the target parameters are based on load and strength of the member material, so that the selection of the material of each member and the size of the designed load are determined before the design scheme is made.

The building method of the construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model comprises the following steps: a family file-based modeling method and a Dynamo node-based modeling method. For example, a model building method based on family files is adopted for a lifting leveling component model, and a loading plate central point of a component is used as a model building base point. For the establishment of a grouting structure model, the internal structure of the grouting structure is fixed, the idea of 'integral design' can be adopted, the diversion trench parts are used as main elements, the other parts are sequentially modeled and laid according to the relation among the geometric parameters of the components, and finally all the part models are connected to form an integrated grouting structure model. Considering that the grouting structure corresponds to the preformed hole and the preformed groove in the pavement slab, a hollow model is selected, and after the hollow model is combined with the pavement slab solid model, the solid of the pavement slab block model at the hollow model can be removed, so that the hole and groove structure is formed. The grouting structure model is composed of a plurality of cylindrical geometric bodies, is simple in structure and free of additional attribute information, the geometric modeling of the grouting structure model is built by utilizing Cylinder. ByPointsScadus nodes in Dynamo, and the visual expression mode of the model is set to be a hollow model.

4) The method comprises the following steps of performing collaborative registration on all models based on spatial relations among the assembled pavement slab model, the structural model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model to obtain an assembled pavement three-dimensional model, as shown in fig. 6:

41 Obtaining spatial position information and spatial attitude information of the design object, wherein obtaining the spatial attitude information of the design object includes spatial attitude adjustment of the design object model;

42 Based on a preset plug-in algorithm, loading a construction model, a component model and a reinforcement model in batch;

43 A model attribute conversion method is determined based on a modeling method of the assembled pavement slab model;

44 Based on a preset three-dimensional coordinate system, obtaining spatial relationship description data among registration objects;

45 Obtaining design parameters of a design object outside the model based on a preset transfer path and performing primary registration;

46 Performing assembly interference detection based on primary registration and performing collaborative registration optimization;

47 Completing co-registration optimization to obtain the assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

41 Acquiring spatial position information and spatial attitude information of the design object, including:

the registration design of the assembled pavement structure, the component and the reinforcing bars aims at completing the design of the space position and the space attitude of a registration object, and the registration design information mainly comprises space position information and space attitude information.

For the grouting structure, the positions of the grouting holes and the pressure maintaining holes (release holes) are formed by the coordinates of the circle center on one side of the plate bottom and the normal vector of the plate bottom of the pavement plate (the plate bottom points to the plate top). The center coordinate of one side of the bottom of the plate is determined by the end point coordinate of the diversion trench, and the end point coordinate of the diversion trench and the normal vector of the bottom of the plate are the basis of the assembly design of the grouting structure.

And modeling the lifting leveling component by adopting a metric conventional model template file. When the family model is loaded into the project, the system takes the preset angle in the default sketch file as the loading space attitude, and the situation that the family model does not accord with the design scheme often occurs. Therefore, after the model is loaded to the project designation location, spatial pose adjustment is also required. The spatial position and the spatial attitude of the hoisting leveling member are related to the pavement slab. The conventional Dynamo node only supports the rotation change of a model by taking a Z axis of a world coordinate system as a rotating shaft, and cannot automatically adjust the space state of a hoisting leveling component to adapt to a pavement slab.

As shown in fig. 7, the embodiment proposes a space attitude adaptive design method facing a lifting leveling member, and a driving member model performs angle adjustment in a sketch file according to the following steps:

411 Obtaining a normal vector a (the direction is from the plate bottom to the plate surface) of the plate bottom of the pavement plate, and calculating the degree of an included angle between the a and a model reference curve b of the lifting leveling member;

412 Obtaining a product vector c of the a and b vectors;

413 Using the element model layout base point as the origin and the vector c as the rotation axis, the hoisting leveling element is rotated to obtain the element model with the space attitude in accordance with the design.

The registration design of the lifting leveling component can adopt an array method, and the registration parameters of the method comprise: the length, width, thickness of the fabricated decking boards, the coordinates of the base points of the components, the component reference line quantities and the Z-axis vector in the design platform world coordinate system.

For the joint structure, similar to the hoisting leveling component, the spatial position and the spatial attitude of the joint structure are highly related to the three-dimensional information of the assembled pavement slab and are restrained by more spatial attitudes: the bottom of the joint construction model should be parallel to the decking panel and its dowel bars should be perpendicular to the panel edges on which they are laid. Therefore, based on a lifting leveling component space attitude adjustment method, a joint structure-oriented space attitude adjustment method is provided, and in the method, a model needs to undergo angle adjustment twice:

414 The method adopted by the first angle adjustment is the same as the angle adjustment method for lifting the leveling component, and the adjustment target is to make the lower surface plane of the force transmission rod groove of the component parallel to the bottom plane of the pavement slab;

415 The second angular adjustment requires that the force-transmitting rods of the components are perpendicular to the edges of the laid plates.

The registration design of the seam structure adopts an array method, so the registration layout parameters comprise: the length, width, thickness and component arrangement base point coordinates of the assembled pavement boards, and the component reference lines measure the standard Z-axis vector, the component number and the arrangement spacing in a world coordinate system.

Registration design parameters for the reinforcement bars include: the reference plane and the end point coordinate of the central line of the initial steel bar, the distance between the steel bars and the total number of the steel bars in all directions.

42 Based on a preset plug-in algorithm, the construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model are loaded in batch.

After the construction, the component and the reinforcement model of the assembled pavement are built, the model files are respectively stored in rfa files, dyn files and dyf files in the form of family files, dynamo system nodes or Dynamo self-defined nodes according to a modeling method.

In the embodiment, a model batch loading method facing multiple file types is formed by developing corresponding Revit plug-ins based on the Revit API and the C # language. Specifically, to realize batch loading of the model, the Revit software needs to be developed secondarily by means of the Revit API. A class of predefined functions exist in the Revit software system, the loading, adding, modifying, deleting and other operations of the management elements in the software are supported, and when an external program is accessed into the Revit system through an API, the predefined functions can be called to perform corresponding operations on the elements in the project. The Revit API allows a user to interface an external application program developed based on languages C #, C + +, VB.NET and the Revit main program, and the external application program is processed through an AddIn Manager plug-in management tool to form a plug-in meeting the requirements of the Revit main program. Based on the developed batch loading plug-in, according to a function set predefined by a Revit API, a Transaction function for realizing cross-platform and application data and information transfer is used as a loading module core, a loading module facing an assembly pavement model library is established, and batch loading of model files is realized. Specifically, the building of the loading module includes:

421 Obtaining an active file, namely a current model file, by means of an API predefined function ActiveUIDocument to obtain relevant attributes and functions of the active file;

422 By means of API (application programming interface) predefined function Transaction and attribute function LoadFamiliy of the current file, substituting the predefined function Transaction and attribute function LoadFamiliy of the current file into a storage path and a file name corresponding to the model file in batches, and completing batch loading of the assembled pavement model;

423 The loading result is checked by using the judgment statement and prompt information is returned, so that careless mistakes are prevented in the file arrangement process.

Through the developed batch loading plug-in and loading module, batch loading of the registration model file is realized, and a model foundation of space registration of the assembled pavement model is ensured.

43 A model attribute conversion method is determined based on a modeling method of the assembled decking panel model.

Due to the lack of model attribute information which can be identified by the BIM environment, the partial editing function of the model is limited, so that partial key information in the model cannot be extracted and utilized, and the precondition for creating a space positioning reference system is not provided. In this embodiment, there are mainly two ways for the model attribute transformation, as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 model Attribute transition rules

When the continuous surface layer model is built by adopting a modeling method based on a road center line, the attribute of the model is a program model, and when the continuous surface layer model is built by adopting a modeling method based on three-dimensional elevation, the attribute of the model is changed by a field model (family model) -an assembled surfacing surface layer continuous surface layer model (program model). The site model belongs to a family model and is attached with certain initial attribute information. Considering that certain field attribute information possibly exists in the assembled pavement slab model and the geometric model of the model is regular, the information transfer method based on the family file is adopted, and the method has good adaptability to two establishing methods of the assembled pavement slab model, and the specific flow is as follows: firstly, packing attribute information in a target family file; then, the family file attribute information file is transmitted to the pavement slab model to cover the original non-geometric information of the pavement slab model; finally, the purpose of converting the model attribute into the family model is achieved.

44 Based on a preset three-dimensional coordinate system, spatial relationship description data between the registration objects is acquired.

The three-dimensional coordinate system is an assembled pavement slab model established by a splitting method, considering that the bottom surface of the assembled pavement slab model is rectangular, a UVZ triaxial three-dimensional coordinate system is adopted and recorded as a first positioning reference system so as to meet the requirement of registration space information description facing the pavement slab model, the assembled pavement slab model established by a reconstruction method is non-rectangular in the plane shape of the bottom surface of the assembled pavement slab model, and the positioning reference system based on UVZ three-dimensional coordinate system is not applicable any more.

And providing a control point-based positioning reference system for the model, and recording the control point-based positioning reference system as a second positioning reference system, wherein the second positioning reference system is constructed according to the following steps: the plate bottom is taken as a reference surface, four plate angles of the plate bottom are taken as control points, the direction which is perpendicular to the plate bottom direction and points to the plate surface from the plate bottom is taken as the reference surface direction, and the reference surface direction is marked as a Z axis. The meaning represented by the Z coordinate in the present customized referencing system is the same as in a three-dimensional coordinate based positioning referencing system. The distance the point is translated in the reference direction from the reference plane is expressed in absolute values and in millimeters.

The positioning reference system expresses the spatial information of the registration object by establishing a constraint relation between the key point coordinates and each spatial parameter of the registration object. The description method of the positioning reference system comprises the following steps:

441 Obtaining coordinates of the control point in a world coordinate system;

442 Connecting the four control points two by two to obtain six basic line segments of the bottom of the pavement slab;

443 The constraint of the space point in the projection direction of the reference plane is defined through operations of translation, intersection and the like of six basic line segments, and the registration object constraint setting based on the positioning system is completed by combining the Z-axis numerical value.

The acquisition of the coordinates of the control points is a prerequisite for the functioning of the second positioning reference system. As shown in fig. 8, the fabricated decking panel floor angles are marked with points a-D, points a and B lie in the same loft control plane, points C and D lie in the same loft control plane, and ABB 'a' and CDD 'C' are loft objects when the decking block model is reconstructed.

The method comprises the steps of accurately acquiring a coordinate set of each control point by using a Select Face node and an element.

45 Design parameters of a design object outside the model are acquired based on a preset transfer path and primary registration is performed.

The information transmission process of the three-dimensional design of the fabricated pavement essentially refers to the process that after the information outside the model is converted into the information of the BIM model, the information flows and is transmitted between the models in the form of the information inside the model. Therefore, information transmission in three-dimensional design of the fabricated pavement can be divided into two types of transmission of model external information to model internal models and transmission between model internal information, which are respectively referred to as internal and external transmission and internal transmission.

Depending on the direction of information transfer in the three-dimensional design of the assembled decking, the information transfer paths shown in fig. 9 are available, where the circular arrows indicate inside-outside transfer, the triangular arrows indicate inside transfer, and there are three inside transfer paths in the three-dimensional design of the assembled decking.

In the registration design process, part of the registration design information is external information of the model, and needs to be transmitted to the model, and the registration design process specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Design parameters related to the reinforcing bars, such as plates where the reinforcing bars are located, layout space, layout quantity, radius of the reinforcing bars and the like; (2) And (4) designing parameters related to joint members and grouting constructions, such as members, plate and plate edges where the constructions are located, arrangement distance, arrangement quantity and the like.

The registration design information is complex in type and huge in information quantity, and an efficient and convenient batch transmission mode is adopted. Therefore, in the embodiment, a standard description method of the assembled pavement slab is established, a description mode of heterogeneous information is unified, a standard input format of registration design information is further provided, and a corresponding relation between the internal information and the external information of the model is established.

Specifically, for the description of the fabricated pavement slabs, numbering is carried out on each fabricated pavement slab model, and the description mode of the model external information on each slab is determined according to the numbering value; for the description of the plate edges and the plate bottom plate angles, when the assembled pavement plate block model is established by adopting a reconstruction method, the name naming mode of the plate bottom plate angles is consistent with that of a positioning system based on a control point; when the assembled pavement slab model is built by adopting a split method, based on a positioning reference system based on a UV two-dimensional coordinate system, the model (0,0,0) is defined as a point A, (1,0,0) is defined as a point B, (1,1,0) is defined as a point C, and (0,1,0) is defined as a point D.

The standard input format of the registration design information mainly includes a standard input format of registration design information of joint structure design and reinforcement design, as shown in table 2, which is an example of an external information input table of joint structure design, a Revit project may include multiple joint structure layout schemes, and each layout scheme should specify the structure layout parameters corresponding to four plate edges of the pavement plate. The column of the plate number is a set of corresponding numbers of all plates adopting the layout scheme, and the columns of the head distance of the components and the tail distance of the components corresponding to the plate edges are filled with the distances between the two components distributed on the outermost sides of the corresponding plate edges and the adjacent plate corners. In the table, AB, BC, CD, AD represent the board edges, an (n =1,2,3, …) represents the board number, hn and tn (n =1,2,3, …) represent the head-to-tail distance of the joint configuration spatial location, respectively, nij and mij (ij = AB, BC, CD, AD) represent the number and spacing of the board edge joint configurations, and subscript ij represents its corresponding board edge.

TABLE 2 registration information entry form for joint structure

As shown in fig. 10, when laying the seam components on the panel edges, determining a head-to-tail sequence according to a naming sequence, that is, the BC edge takes a panel corner B as a head, the distance between the seam structure marked as No. 1 and the panel corner B is a head distance, the panel corner C is a tail, and the distance between the seam structure marked as No. 10 and the panel corner C is a tail distance. On the basis of the head-to-tail distance, the position distribution of the rest of the constructions can be expressed by the number of the constructions or the spacing.

For the external information entry format of reinforcement design, table 3 is "reinforcement design external information entry table" for standardizing the relevant registration information entry mode of reinforcement, so that it is suitable for parametric design. The reinforcement registration information entry method is explained by taking fig. 11 as an example:

451 Taking the longitudinal bar closest to the AD side as a longitudinal bar starting bar and taking the transverse bar closest to the AB side as a transverse bar starting bar;

452 Determining the head and tail end points of the reinforcing steel bar according to the naming sequence of the plate edges parallel to the initial reinforcing steel bar, and determining the position of the initial reinforcing steel bar according to the distance between the head and tail end points of the reinforcing steel bar and the plate edges;

453 The positions of the rest of the reinforcing steel bars are sequentially determined according to the spacing and the number of the reinforcing steel bars.

Table 3 external information input table for reinforcement design

46 Initial registration based assembly interference detection and co-registration optimization.

Fitting interference refers to the phenomenon in which two or more objects occupy the same physical space. After the registration design is completed, the space occupation condition among the registration models is analyzed, and the geometric conflict among the models is avoided. And (4) according to the space characteristics of the registration of the three-dimensional model of the assembled pavement, the assembling interference type can be determined. The spatial registration of the three-dimensional model of fabricated decking has the following characteristics: the hoisting leveling member, the grouting hole, the release hole and the maintaining and pressing hole are distributed in the pavement plate in a penetrating way, the seam structure is arranged at the edge of the plate, the lower bottom surface of the seam structure is attached to the bottom of the plate, and the reinforcing steel bar is arranged in the thickness range of 1/3-1/2 of the plate below the plate surface. Thus, the interference in the three-dimensional design of fabricated decking can be divided into two categories, according to the composition of the conflicting objects: the first type of interference is the interference between the structure and the component and the steel bar; the second type of interference is the conflict between the pavement slab and other registration objects, so as to ensure the connectivity of each reserved space in the pavement slab as an interference detection and coordination target. When the interference exists through detection and judgment, the following coordination work is carried out according to the interference coordination process so as to realize the multi-model coordination:

461 Obtaining information required for coordination according to an interference detection result information table;

462 Determining a reserved object and a non-reserved object according to the interference model coordination level;

463 According to the interference coordination means, the unreserved objects at the conflict position are processed, and whether the interference position needs to be reinforced or not is considered.

The significance of formulating the interference model coordination level facing the three-dimensional model of the assembled pavement is as follows: when assembly interference occurs to a plurality of objects, interference objects at a high level will be preferentially listed as reserved objects in coordination, and the probability that the model thereof maintains integrity will be higher. In the three-dimensional design of the fabricated pavement, the coordination priority levels of common interference objects are as follows from high to low: construction and construction, steel reinforcement, fabricated decking. The coordination level of the special components can be flexibly adjusted according to specific situations. In addition, whether reinforcement processing needs to be carried out on the conflict position or not is considered, and reinforcement steel bars need to be added locally when the reinforcement bars are cut off due to conflict. Fig. 12 shows a prefabricated decking panel incorporating a grommets, with special components of the grommets interfering with the reinforcing bars, the reinforcing bars at the grommets in the decking panel being cut off and reinforced locally by the addition of reinforcing bars parallel to the grid of reinforcing bars and reinforcing bars round the grommets.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a BIM-based three-dimensional design system for fabricated concrete pavement, as shown in fig. 13, including:

the pavement surface continuous model establishing module is used for performing information conversion based on the horizontal and vertical geometric information of the road to obtain a three-dimensional center line of the road and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing an assembled pavement surface continuous model based on the three-dimensional center line of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road;

and the model registration module is used for carrying out collaborative registration on all models based on the spatial relationship among the assembled pavement slab model, the construction model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model to obtain an assembled pavement three-dimensional model.

The model registration module is shown in fig. 14 and includes:

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional design method of an assembled cement concrete pavement based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps:

performing information conversion based on the horizontal and vertical geometric information of the road to obtain three-dimensional center line and three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and respectively establishing an assembled pavement surface layer continuous model based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road;

2. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated cement concrete pavement, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the information conversion based on the geometric information of the horizontal and vertical directions of the road is carried out to obtain the three-dimensional center line of the road and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road, and comprises the following steps: and extracting road three-dimensional center line data according to a preset CAD two-dimensional drawing or a preset CAD three-dimensional drawing, and extracting road three-dimensional elevation information according to preset road three-dimensional measurement form data.

3. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated cement concrete pavement, according to claim 2, is characterized in that the step of extracting the three-dimensional center line data of the road according to the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing comprises the following steps:

judging whether a curve exists in the CAD two-dimensional drawing,

let the planar design line be l ₁ Acquiring a positive engineering direction vector a of the plane design line;

let the design line of the vertical section be l ₂ Acquiring a project positive direction vector b of a horizontal plane projection of the engineering positive direction vector b;

obtaining the included angle alpha between the vector a and the vector b, and converting the l ₂ After rotating alpha around Z axis, l is obtained ₂ ' adjusting the projection of the design line of the vertical section on the horizontal plane to be parallel to the design line of the plane;

If the curve exists in the preset CAD two-dimensional drawing, then

setting control points on a road plane design line, acquiring Z-axis coordinates of the control points on a vertical section design line according to pile numbers of the control points, and drawing three-dimensional control points;

4. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the assembled cement concrete pavement, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of extracting road three-dimensional elevation information for the preset road three-dimensional measurement form data comprises the steps of:

5. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated cement concrete pavement according to claim 1, wherein the step of respectively establishing a continuous model of the fabricated pavement surface layer based on the three-dimensional center line and the three-dimensional elevation information of the road comprises the following steps:

when the modeling information is the three-dimensional center line of the road, selecting a lofting control point on the three-dimensional center line of the road, and setting a lofting control plane at the control point; drawing a corresponding cross section of the pavement surface layer continuous model on the lofting control plane, and taking the drawn cross section as a lofting object; executing lofting operation to generate a corresponding three-dimensional entity model;

6. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated cement concrete pavement slab, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the three-dimensional design method for determining the matched pavement slab block based on the slab adaptability of the continuous model of the fabricated pavement surface layer comprises the following steps:

when the three-dimensional central line of the road is only composed of straight lines, the three-dimensional design of the assembled pavement plate block is directly carried out on the surface layer continuous model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a designated position of the surface layer continuous model, so that the surface layer continuous model is split into a plurality of assembled pavement slab models;

when the three-dimensional center line of the road contains a curve, reconstructing a pavement slab model by extracting key information of a continuous model of a surface layer, and specifically comprising the following steps of: and creating a geometric figure and placing the geometric figure at a specified position of the continuous model of the surface layer, obtaining the cross section of the continuous model of the surface layer at the position through intersection processing of the figures, taking the cross section as a lofting object, lofting along the three-dimensional central line of the corrected road, and realizing reconstruction of the assembled pavement slab model.

7. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated cement concrete pavement according to claim 1, wherein the building method of the construction model, the component model and the reinforcement model comprises the following steps: a family file-based modeling method and a Dynamo node-based modeling method.

8. The BIM-based three-dimensional design method for the fabricated concrete pavement, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the three-dimensional model of the fabricated pavement is obtained by performing co-registration on the models based on the spatial relationship among the fabricated pavement slab model, the construction model thereof, the component model and the reinforcement model, and the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring spatial relationship description data among registration objects based on a preset three-dimensional coordinate system;

9. A BIM-based three-dimensional design system for fabricated cement concrete pavement, comprising:

10. The BIM-based three-dimensional design system for fabricated concrete paving according to claim 9, wherein the model registration module comprises: