CN114355259A - Weak magnetic sensing device based on optical fiber resonant cavity - Google Patents
Weak magnetic sensing device based on optical fiber resonant cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114355259A CN114355259A CN202011127909.5A CN202011127909A CN114355259A CN 114355259 A CN114355259 A CN 114355259A CN 202011127909 A CN202011127909 A CN 202011127909A CN 114355259 A CN114355259 A CN 114355259A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001329 Terfenol-D Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an isolator, a phase modulator, a first optical attenuator, a second optical attenuator, a three-dimensional coil, a core magnetic sensitive unit, an FPGA circuit and an oscilloscope, wherein the FPGA circuit adopts a loop frequency locking algorithm designed by an XC4VLX60 chip and comprises a Photoelectric Detector (PD), a signal generator and a phase-locked amplifier. The invention can quickly and accurately detect weak direct current magnetic signals, has high sensitivity and stable reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which is mainly used for measuring weak direct current magnetic signals and belongs to the technical field of instruments and meters.
Background
Magnetic sensors are widely used in modern industry and electronic products as an important sensor. Because the magnetic sensor has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high temperature stability, strong anti-interference capability, miniaturization, low power consumption and the like, various company scholars at home and abroad deeply and widely research the magnetic sensor in recent years. With the continuous improvement of the technology and technology, the precision of the magnetic sensor is greatly improved. However, at present, the defects of low sensitivity, high manufacturing cost, huge volume, narrow application range, low product maturity and the like still exist in a superconducting quantum interferometer, an atomic magnetometer, an NV color center magnetometer and the like, so that the magnetic sensor is greatly limited in detecting weak direct-current magnetic signals.
In order to solve the problems, a magnetic sensor device which takes an optical resonant cavity and a giant magnetostrictive material as a core sensitive unit is greatly developed based on a cavity optomechanics mechanism, and a cavity optomechanics mechanism is utilized to amplify magnetic signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a system, so that the sensitivity of the system is improved. However, with this method, the opto-mechanically generated signal is very susceptible to environmental interference, and in addition, the system is difficult to integrate, which is a great difference from practical applications.
The invention designs a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which can improve the sensitivity of magnetic sensing so as to detect weak direct current magnetic signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which can improve the sensitivity of a magnetic sensor so as to detect weak direct current magnetic signals.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is that the weak magnetic sensing device based on the optical fiber resonant cavity comprises a narrow linewidth laser 1, an isolator 2, a phase modulator 3, a first optical attenuator 41, a second light attenuation device 42, a three-dimensional coil 5, a core magnetic sensitive unit 6, an FPGA circuit 10 and an oscilloscope 11. The method is characterized in that: the FPGA circuit 10 comprises a Photoelectric Detector (PD)7, a signal generator 8 and a lock-in amplifier 9, the narrow linewidth laser 1 is connected with an isolator 2 through an optical fiber, the isolator 2 is connected with a phase modulator 3 through an optical fiber, the phase modulator 3 is connected with a first optical attenuator 41 through an optical fiber, the first optical attenuator 41 is connected with a three-dimensional coil 5 through an optical fiber, a core magnetic sensitive unit 6 is placed in the three-dimensional coil 5, the three-dimensional coil 5 is connected with a second light attenuation reducer 42 through an optical fiber, the second light attenuation reducer 42 is connected with the FPGA circuit 10 through an optical fiber and an optical fiber jumper, the FPGA circuit 10 is connected with the phase modulator 3 through a lead, the FPGA circuit 10 is connected with the narrow linewidth laser 1 through a lead, and the FPGA circuit 10 is connected with an oscilloscope 11 through a lead.
The Photodetector (PD)7 is connected to a signal generator 8 via a wire, and the signal generator 8 transmits a signal to a lock-in amplifier 9.
The core magnetic sensitive unit 6 comprises a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber resonant cavity 61 and a giant magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D62.
The single mode polarization maintaining fiber resonant cavity 61 is composed of a single mode polarization maintaining fiber and a fiber coupler 63.
The manufacturing method of the core magnetic sensitive unit 6 comprises the following steps:
the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is compactly wound on the surface of a giant magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D for 20-70 circles, the head end and the tail end of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber are fixed on the surface of the Terfenol-D by glue, the surface of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is coated and fixed by the glue, and the head end and the tail end of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber are respectively welded with an optical fiber coupler, so that the ultrahigh Q (quality factor) single-mode polarization maintaining fiber resonant cavity sensitive to weak magnetic signals is prepared.
The optical fiber coupler couples 90% of the energy of the light entering the core magneto-sensitive unit into the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber resonant cavity.
The glue mainly refers to UV ultraviolet curing glue.
The diameter of the super magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D is 0.5cm-3 cm.
The three-dimensional coil 5 described above generates a dc bias magnetic field B1 and a detection magnetic field B2.
The direct-current bias magnetic field B1 provides a driving magnetic field for the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D, so that the radial dimension of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D is expanded when the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D works, and the frequency doubling phenomenon of output strain is avoided.
The number of turns, the wire diameter and the magnitude of the driving current of the three-dimensional constant-diameter exciting coil are reasonably designed, so that the three-dimensional constant-diameter exciting coil can work in an area with the best linearity of a strain-magnetic field characteristic curve.
The isolator 2 described above can reduce the adverse effect of reflected light on the spectral output power stability of the narrow linewidth laser 1.
The first optical attenuator 41 can adjust the amount of optical power entering the single mode polarization maintaining fiber resonator 61.
The second attenuator 42 described above reduces the power of the laser signal.
The FPGA circuit 10 performs high-frequency modulation on the phase modulator 3 by using a 200kHz sine wave signal, and filters out a low-frequency noise signal to improve the system sensitivity.
The narrow linewidth laser 1 described above emits laser light having a center wavelength of 1550 nm.
The invention relates to a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which has the working principle that:
1550nm laser emitted by a narrow linewidth laser enters a core magnetic sensitive unit through an isolator, an optical attenuator, a phase modulator and a first optical attenuator, a direct-current bias magnetic field B1 is generated by a three-dimensional coil to cause the radial dimension of a magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D to expand D1, a detection magnetic field B2 also causes the radial dimension of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D to change D2, the D2 causes the frequency spectrum drift of a resonance peak of a single-mode polarization-preserving fiber resonant cavity, light enters a second optical attenuator through an optical fiber, a Photoelectric Detector (PD) converts an optical signal into an electric signal to enter an FPGA circuit, the signal generator generates a sine wave signal of 100kHz-10MHZ to perform high-frequency modulation on the phase modulator to filter a low-frequency noise signal, the FPGA circuit utilizes a phase modulation spectrum detection technology to achieve the purpose that the central frequency of the single-mode polarization-preserving fiber resonant cavity locks and follows the central frequency of the narrow-width laser, and feeding back the processed optical signal to the narrow linewidth laser, and observing the curve change quantity of frequency locking by an oscilloscope.
The invention discloses a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity, which has the beneficial effects that: the invention can quickly and accurately detect weak direct current magnetic signals, has high sensitivity and stable reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of a weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a core magnetically susceptible unit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 and 2:
the light emitted by the 1550nm narrow linewidth laser passes through the isolator to reduce the adverse effect of reflected light on the stability of the spectral output power of the light source; entering an optical attenuator to avoid breakdown of a Photo Detector (PD) by too much optical power when light enters the PD; then 1550nm laser enters an electro-optical modulator, and the light is modulated and demodulated through an FPGA circuit so as to filter low-frequency noise signals and obtain higher system sensitivity; the modulated light finally enters a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber resonant cavity, responds to a detection magnetic field B2, and then enters an FPGA circuit for signal demodulation and processing to obtain a final sensing signal of the invention.
The FPGA circuit 10 adopts a loop frequency locking algorithm designed by an XC4VLX60 chip.
Claims (8)
1. A weak magnetic sensing device based on an optical fiber resonant cavity comprises a narrow line width laser (1), an isolator (2), a phase modulator (3), a first optical attenuator (41), a second light attenuation device (42), a three-dimensional coil (5), a core magnetic sensing unit (6), an FPGA circuit (10) and an oscilloscope (11), wherein the FPGA circuit (10) comprises a photoelectric detector (7), a signal generator (8) and a lock-in amplifier (9), the narrow line width laser (1) is connected with the isolator (2) through an optical fiber, the isolator (2) is connected with the phase modulator (3) through the optical fiber, the phase modulator (3) is connected with the first optical attenuator (41) through the optical fiber, the first optical attenuator (41) is connected with the three-dimensional coil (5) through the optical fiber, the core magnetic sensing unit (6) is placed in the three-dimensional coil (5), the three-dimensional coil (5) is connected with a second light attenuation device (42) through an optical fiber, the second light attenuation device (42) is connected with an FPGA circuit (10) through the optical fiber and an optical fiber jumper, the FPGA circuit (10) is connected with a phase modulator (3) through a lead, the FPGA circuit (10) is connected with a narrow-linewidth laser (1) through a lead, and the FPGA circuit (10) is connected with an oscilloscope (11) through a lead.
2. The weak magnetic sensing device based on the fiber resonator according to claim 1, wherein the core magneto-sensitive unit (6) comprises a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber resonator (61) and a giant magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (62).
3. The weak magnetic sensing device based on fiber resonator according to claim 2, wherein said single mode polarization maintaining fiber resonator (61) is composed of a single mode polarization maintaining fiber and a fiber coupler (63).
4. A weak magnetic sensing device based on fiber resonator according to claim 2 and claim 3, wherein the core magneto-sensitive unit (6) is fabricated by the following method:
the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is tightly wound on the surface of a giant magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (62) for 20-70 circles, the head and the tail of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber are fixed on the surface of the Terfenol-D (62) through glue, the surface of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is fixed through glue coating, the head and the tail of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber are respectively welded with an optical fiber coupler (63), and therefore the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber resonant cavity (61) sensitive to weak magnetic signals and ultrahigh Q (quality factor) is prepared.
5. A feeble magnetic sensing device based on fiber resonator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fiber coupler couples 90% of the energy of the light entering the core magneto-sensitive unit into the single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber resonator.
6. The weak magnetic sensing device according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the super magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D is 0.5cm-3 cm.
7. The weak magnetic sensing device based on fiber resonator according to claim 1, wherein said three-dimensional coil (5) generates a dc bias magnetic field B1 and a detection magnetic field B2.
8. The weak magnetic sensing device based on the fiber resonator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional coil (5) generates a dc bias magnetic field B1, which causes the expansion D1 of the radial dimension of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (62), and the detection magnetic field B2 also causes the change D2 of the radial dimension of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (62).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011127909.5A CN114355259A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Weak magnetic sensing device based on optical fiber resonant cavity |
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| CN202011127909.5A CN114355259A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Weak magnetic sensing device based on optical fiber resonant cavity |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115792750A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-03-14 | 中北大学 | Magnetic sensing device based on-chip integrated resonant cavity and measuring method |
| CN116930831A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 中北大学 | Optical fiber cavity magnetic sensor based on wide-spectrum light source and measuring method |
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| CN102621713A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-08-01 | 南京大学 | Rapid tunable microfiber ring resonator |
| CN105783904A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Resonant type fiber-optic gyroscope frequency locking device |
| CN107238745A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-10 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The alternating current sensor-based system of high sensitivity column Whispering-gallery-mode optical resonator |
| CN207502701U (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-06-15 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of magnetic field sensor based on long-period fiber grating |
| CN110849345A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-28 | 东南大学 | Miniature resonant optical gyroscope based on multi-turn micro-nano optical fiber three-dimensional resonant cavity |
| CN111273204A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Resonant cavity magnetic field sensing system for enhancing DC field sensing precision by wide temperature range AC field |
-
2020
- 2020-10-13 CN CN202011127909.5A patent/CN114355259A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102621713A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-08-01 | 南京大学 | Rapid tunable microfiber ring resonator |
| CN105783904A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Resonant type fiber-optic gyroscope frequency locking device |
| CN107238745A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-10 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The alternating current sensor-based system of high sensitivity column Whispering-gallery-mode optical resonator |
| CN207502701U (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-06-15 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of magnetic field sensor based on long-period fiber grating |
| CN110849345A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-28 | 东南大学 | Miniature resonant optical gyroscope based on multi-turn micro-nano optical fiber three-dimensional resonant cavity |
| CN111273204A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Resonant cavity magnetic field sensing system for enhancing DC field sensing precision by wide temperature range AC field |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115792750A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-03-14 | 中北大学 | Magnetic sensing device based on-chip integrated resonant cavity and measuring method |
| CN115792750B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-04-11 | 中北大学 | Magnetic sensing device based on-chip integrated resonant cavity and measuring method |
| CN116930831A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 中北大学 | Optical fiber cavity magnetic sensor based on wide-spectrum light source and measuring method |
| CN116930831B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-11-17 | 中北大学 | Optical fiber cavity magnetic sensor based on wide-spectrum light source and measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20220415 |