CN114354396A - Dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for large stiffened plate of ship body under impact load - Google Patents
Dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for large stiffened plate of ship body under impact load Download PDFInfo
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- CN114354396A CN114354396A CN202111637377.4A CN202111637377A CN114354396A CN 114354396 A CN114354396 A CN 114354396A CN 202111637377 A CN202111637377 A CN 202111637377A CN 114354396 A CN114354396 A CN 114354396A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under impact load, which comprises a supporting part, a clamping part, a hammering part, a lifting part and an anti-jumping part, wherein the supporting part is arranged on the hull; the supporting part is fixed on the ground; the clamping part is used for clamping a stiffened plate to be tested and is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting part; the hammering part is used for hammering the clamping part to apply impact load to the stiffened plate; the hammering part and the clamping part are arranged up and down correspondingly; the hammering part is longitudinally connected on the supporting part in a sliding manner; the lifting part is used for driving the hammering part to longitudinally rise on the supporting part; prevent jumping portion fixed mounting at the top surface of supporting part, prevent jumping portion and hammering portion and correspond the setting, prevent jumping portion and be used for preventing hammering portion secondary hammering clamping part. The invention has simple working principle, simple and convenient equipment arrangement, flexible load control and various application scenes, is convenient to carry out the dynamic ultimate strength test of ships and large structures of ocean engineering, and solves the problem that the analysis of the dynamic ultimate strength of large stiffened plates lacks an applicable test device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering experimental equipment, in particular to a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under an impact load.
Background
The stiffened plate is a plate which uses stiffened ribs in the direction perpendicular to the panel to improve the bearing capacity of the panel and the whole structure, is a typical structure form of ship and ocean engineering, and the bearing capacity under the action of axial load is an important content of structure safety evaluation. In the structure test, the drop hammer impact test device is used for carrying out the impact test on the structure, the structure failure and the ultimate strength under the action of the impact load are analyzed, and the method has important significance for disclosing the dynamic failure mechanism of the structure.
The principle of the drop hammer impact test is that the mass of a drop hammer is adjusted and lifted to a preset height, the free falling body of the drop hammer is released, a certain impact speed is reached at the moment of contacting a test model, gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and a vertical downward dynamic load is applied to the test model.
However, the conventional impact tester has the following problems: (1) the ship and ocean engineering structure has larger size and stronger limit bearing capacity, and exceeds the allowable scale range and the impact load range of the existing impact testing machine; (2) the existing impact testing machine can only provide drop hammer impact load in a concentrated force mode, after a stiffened plate is subjected to the impact load, local impact damage can occur, and a dynamic failure mode under the condition of uniformly distributing and loading along a short edge is difficult to occur; (3) the drop hammer impacts the test model and then bounces, secondary or multiple impact damage is caused to the model, and judgment and analysis of the failure mode of the test model are influenced.
Therefore, a testing device suitable for a dynamic axial compression ultimate strength test of a large stiffened plate is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for testing dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of a large stiffened plate of a ship body under impact load, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under impact load, which comprises
A support part fixed on the ground for supporting and fixing the whole device on the ground;
the clamping part is used for clamping a stiffened plate to be tested and is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting part;
the hammering part is used for hammering the clamping part to apply impact load to the stiffened plate; the hammering part and the clamping part are arranged up and down correspondingly; the hammering part is longitudinally connected on the supporting part in a sliding manner;
the lifting part is detachably connected with the hammering part and is used for driving the hammering part to longitudinally rise on the supporting part;
the anti-jumping part is fixedly installed on the top surface of the supporting part and corresponds to the hammering part, and the anti-jumping part is used for preventing the hammering part from hammering for the second time.
Preferably, the supporting part comprises a bearing bottom plate fixed on the ground, and the clamping part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bearing bottom plate; the bearing bottom plate is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two supporting plates, the two supporting plates are respectively and fixedly connected with an upright post, the two upright posts are symmetrically arranged, and the hammering part and the lifting part are both connected between the two upright posts in a sliding manner; the anti-jumping part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate.
Preferably, the hammering part comprises a hammering base which is connected between the two upright posts in a sliding way; a hammering assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering base, and the hammering assembly is arranged corresponding to the clamping part; a counterweight block is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the hammering base; the top surface center rigid coupling of hammering base has the pull rod, the pull rod with lift portion can dismantle the connection.
Preferably, the hammering assembly comprises a hammer rod fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering base, a hammer head is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hammer rod, and the hammer head and the clamping part are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding manner; the bottom surface of the hammer head is fixedly connected with a rubber plate.
Preferably, the hammering base comprises a hammering bottom plate, and the hammer rod is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the hammering bottom plate; the both ends rigid coupling of hammering bottom plate has the mounting panel, the mounting groove has been seted up on the mounting panel, fixed mounting has the slider in the mounting groove, the slider cover is established the sliding connection and is in on the stand.
Preferably, the clamping part comprises a clamping bottom plate fixedly mounted on the bearing bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the stiffened plate is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the clamping bottom plate; four corners of the top surface of the clamping bottom plate are fixedly connected with limiting slide rods respectively, and the four limiting slide rods are connected with the same loading top plate in a sliding manner; the bottom surface of the loading top plate is abutted against the top surface of the stiffened plate, and the top surface of the loading top plate is arranged corresponding to the rubber plate.
Preferably, the lifting part comprises a lifting block slidably connected to the upright post, and a lifting plate is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks; the lifting plate is positioned above the pull rod; the top surface of the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a lifting control module; a lifting assembly is arranged below the lifting plate and detachably connected with the pull rod; the lifting assembly is electrically connected with the lifting control module.
Preferably, the lifting assembly comprises a groove formed in the bottom surface of the lifting plate, a first electromagnet is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom surface of the groove, and the first electromagnet is electrically connected with the lifting control module; the top end of the lifting claw is connected in the groove in a sliding mode, and two branches at the top end of the lifting claw are arranged at two ends of the first electromagnet respectively; a spring is fixedly connected between one end of the lifting claw positioned in the groove and the side walls of the two ends of the first electromagnet; the lower end of the lifting claw is detachably connected with the pull rod.
Preferably, an automatic switch is arranged below a hinge point of the lifting claw and is detachably connected with the pull rod; the automatic switch is electrically connected with the lifting control module.
Preferably, the anti-jump portion comprises a bearing platform fixedly mounted on the top surface of the supporting plate, a second electromagnet is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bearing platform, and the second electromagnet is arranged corresponding to a third electromagnet arranged in the mounting groove; and displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the two bearing platforms.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention provides a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under an impact load, wherein a supporting part bears equipment and the impact load, and the impact load is prevented from causing vibration of the equipment to disperse impact force; the clamping part is used for clamping the stiffened plate and uniformly applying the load of the hammering part on the stiffened plate to prevent local impact, so that the impact load borne by the stiffened plate is uniform, and the test result is more accurate; the lifting part is used for pulling the hammering part to rise, so that the lifting device is convenient, quick and full-automatic, does not need manual intervention, and reduces the danger of operators; the anti-jumping part prevents the hammering part from jumping to hammer the clamping part again after hammering the clamping part, so that multiple impacts on the clamping part and the stiffened plate are prevented, and the data accuracy of failure of the stiffened plate in a test is influenced; the height and the impact force of the hammering part are convenient to adjust, different impact loads are applied to the stiffened plate, and the axial compression limit of the stiffened plate is tested. The invention has simple working principle, simple and convenient equipment arrangement, flexible load control and various application scenes, is convenient to carry out the dynamic ultimate strength test of ships and large structures of ocean engineering, and solves the problem that the analysis of the dynamic ultimate strength of large stiffened plates lacks an applicable test device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an axial view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lifting portion of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an axial view of the load floor of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a reinforcing plate is added; 2. a load floor; 3. a support plate; 4. a column; 5. hammering the base; 6. a balancing weight; 7. a pull rod; 8. a hammer lever; 9. a hammer head; 10. a rubber plate; 11. hammering the bottom plate; 12. mounting a plate; 13. mounting grooves; 14. a slider; 15. clamping a bottom plate; 16. a limiting slide bar; 17. loading a top plate; 18. a lifting block; 19. a lifting plate; 20. a lift control module; 21. a groove; 22. a first electromagnet; 23. a lifting claw; 24. a spring; 25. automatic switching; 26. a bearing platform; 27. a second electromagnet; 28. a third electromagnet; 29. a displacement sensor; 30. a counterweight fixing rod; 31. a ball bearing; 32. a reinforcing toggle plate; 33. a control device; 34. a top cap; 35. mounting a screw hole; 36. and installing a strip-shaped hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention provides a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under impact load, which comprises
The supporting part is fixed on the ground and is used for supporting and fixing the whole device on the ground;
the clamping part is used for clamping the stiffened plate 1 to be tested and is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting part;
the hammering part is used for hammering the clamping part to apply impact load to the stiffened plate 1; the hammering part and the clamping part are arranged up and down correspondingly; the hammering part is longitudinally connected on the supporting part in a sliding manner;
the lifting part is detachably connected with the hammering part and is used for driving the hammering part to longitudinally rise on the supporting part;
the anti-jumping part is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the supporting part and corresponds to the hammering part, and the anti-jumping part is used for preventing the secondary hammering clamping part of the hammering part.
The invention provides a dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for a large stiffened plate of a ship body under an impact load, wherein a supporting part bears equipment and the impact load, and the impact load is prevented from causing vibration of the equipment to disperse impact force; the clamping part is used for clamping the stiffened plate 1 and uniformly applying the load of the hammering part on the stiffened plate 1, so that local impact is prevented, the impact load borne by the stiffened plate 1 is uniform, and the test result is more accurate; the lifting part is used for pulling the hammering part to rise, so that the lifting device is convenient, quick and full-automatic, does not need manual intervention, and reduces the danger of operators; the anti-jumping part prevents the hammering part from jumping to hammer the clamping part again after the hammering part hammers the clamping part, so that multiple impacts on the clamping part and the stiffened plate 1 are prevented, and the data accuracy of the stiffened plate 1 failure in the test is prevented from being influenced; the height and the impact force of the hammering part are convenient to adjust, different impact loads are applied to the stiffened plate 1, and the axial compression limit of the stiffened plate 1 is tested.
Further, the invention also comprises a control device 33, and the lifting part and the anti-jump part are both electrically connected with the control device 33 and are used for controlling the lifting of the lifting part and the starting and stopping of the anti-jump part. The control device 33 is a conventional electrical control device, and will not be described in detail herein.
According to a further optimized scheme, the supporting part comprises a bearing bottom plate 2 fixed on the ground, and the clamping part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bearing bottom plate 2; two support plates 3 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the bearing bottom plate 2, stand columns 4 are respectively and fixedly connected to the two support plates 3, the two stand columns 4 are symmetrically arranged, and the hammering part and the lifting part are both connected between the two stand columns 4 in a sliding manner; the jump-proof part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate 3. The bearing bottom plate 2 fixedly installs the device pile body on the bottom surface, and bears the weight of the device and the impact load of a hammering test, so that the device is prevented from shifting or falling when hammering is carried out, and the experimental data is prevented from being inaccurate due to dispersed impact force; meanwhile, equipment damage and personal safety threat to testing personnel caused by the fact that the device topples due to hammering are prevented, and the overall safety of the device is improved; stand 4 passes through backup pad 3 fixed mounting on bearing bottom plate 2, and hammering portion and lifting portion all with stand 4 sliding connection, for the rising of hammering portion and lifting portion provides the support, provides spacingly to the free fall of hammering portion simultaneously, prevents that hammering portion whereabouts process skew can't fall to the clamping portion on.
Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing toggle plates 32 are arranged between the upright post 4 and the support plate 3 and used for reinforcing the connection strength between the upright post 4 and the support plate 3 and preventing the upright post 4 from deflecting due to impact force during testing and damaging the testing device.
Further, the top end of the upright post 4 is detachably connected with an ejector cap 34, the diameter of the ejector cap 34 is larger than that of the upright post 4, and an accident caused by that a hammering part and a lifting part which are in sliding connection with the upright post 4 are punched out of the upright post 4 is prevented.
Furthermore, the bearing bottom plate 2 is provided with an installation screw hole 35 and an installation strip-shaped hole 36, wherein the installation screw hole 35 is used for installing the clamping part, so that the clamping part and the bearing bottom plate 2 are fixed firmly enough; the mounting bar-shaped holes 36 are used for mounting the support plate 3, and the positions of the stand columns 4 are conveniently adjusted along the direction of the bar-shaped holes, so that fine adjustment of the distance between the two stand columns 4 is realized.
In a further optimized scheme, the hammering part comprises a hammering base 5 which is connected between the two upright posts 4 in a sliding manner; a hammering assembly is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the hammering base 5, and the hammering assembly is arranged corresponding to the clamping part; the top surface of the hammering base 5 is fixedly provided with a balancing weight 6; the top surface center rigid coupling of hammering base 5 has pull rod 7, and pull rod 7 and lifting unit can dismantle and be connected. The hammering part falls to the top surface of the clamping part freely, and impact load is applied to the stiffened plate 1 clamped in the clamping part; the hammering base 5 is connected between the two upright posts 4 in a sliding manner, the two upright posts 4 support and guide the lifting of the hammering base 5, and the hammering base 5 is prevented from driving the whole hammering part to deviate; the counterweight block 6 is fixedly installed with the hammering base 5 through the counterweight fixing rod 30, so that the counterweight block can be conveniently detached and adjusted, the weight of a hammering part can be conveniently adjusted by changing the weight of the counterweight block 6, and the impact force of a hammering assembly can be further adjusted; the pull rod 7 is detachably connected with the lifting part, the lifting part pulls the hammering part to rise through the pull rod 7, after the hammering part reaches a preset height, the lifting part is separated from the pull rod 7, the hammering part freely falls, and impact load is applied to the clamping part; hammering fixed mounting is in hammering base 5's below, and when hammering portion whereabouts, the hammering subassembly is just to falling on the top of clamping portion, and the impact force of hammering subassembly is applyed for clamping portion through the hammering subassembly, and the completion is applyed the impact load to gusset 1 in the clamping portion.
According to a further optimized scheme, the hammering assembly comprises a hammer rod 8 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering base 5, a hammer head 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hammer rod 8, and the hammer head 9 and the clamping part are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding mode; the bottom surface of the hammer head 9 is fixedly connected with a rubber plate 10. The hammering assembly comprises a hammer rod 8, the hammer rod 8 is fixedly installed with the ground of the hammering base 5 through bolts or threads, and the hammering assembly can be conveniently installed, disassembled and replaced; the bottom end of the hammer rod 8 is fixedly connected with a hammer head 9, the hammering base 5 drives the whole hammering part to freely fall, finally the hammer head 9 impacts the top surface of the clamping assembly, the impact force of the hammering part is transmitted to the clamping part through the hammer rod 8 and the hammer head 9, and then the impact load is applied to the stiffened plate 1; the shape and the size of the hammer head 9 can be changed by disassembling the hammer rod 8, and the shape of the hammer head 9 can be freely selected according to the characteristics of the applied impact load pulse; the rubber plate 10 is detachably connected with the bottom end of the hammer head 9 through a form including but not limited to bonding, and the rigidity of the rubber plate 10 is adjusted according to the expected pulse time. In this application, rubber slab 10, tup 9 and balancing weight 6 cooperation can form the hammering portion of whole variable mass, are applicable to different test conditions.
Furthermore, the hammer rod 8 is preferably provided with a telescopic rod or an adjustable rod, so that the whole length of the hammer rod 8 can be conveniently adjusted, and the hammer rod can correspond to the stiffened plates 1 with different heights.
According to a further optimized scheme, the hammering base 5 comprises a hammering bottom plate 11, and the hammer rod 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the hammering bottom plate 11; the both ends rigid coupling of hammering bottom plate 11 has mounting panel 12, has seted up mounting groove 13 on the mounting panel 12, and fixed mounting has slider 14 in mounting groove 13, and slider 14 cover is established the sliding connection on stand 4. The sliding block 14 is sleeved on the upright post 4, the outer edge of the sliding block 14 is in contact with the two side edges of the mounting groove 13, then the mounting plate 12 and the sliding block 14 are fixed together through the mounting bolt, and when the hammering base 5 slides downwards, the sliding block 14 slides downwards along with the mounting plate, so that the mounting plate 12 and the upright post 4 are convenient to guide, and the hammering base 5 is prevented from deflecting; the accuracy of controlling the falling position of the hammer 9 is facilitated.
Further, a plurality of balls 31 are in rolling contact between the inner wall of the sliding block 14 and the outer wall of the upright post 4, sliding friction between the sliding block 14 and the upright post 4 is converted into rolling friction, energy loss in the gliding process is greatly reduced, and the problem that the hammering part is stuck or blocked in the falling process is solved.
According to a further optimized scheme, the clamping part comprises a clamping bottom plate 15 fixedly arranged on the bearing bottom plate 2, and the bottom surface of the stiffened plate 1 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the clamping bottom plate 15; four corners of the top surface of the clamping bottom plate 15 are respectively fixedly connected with limit slide rods 16, and the four limit slide rods 16 are connected with a same loading top plate 17 in a sliding manner; the bottom surface of the loading top plate 17 is abutted against the top surface of the stiffened plate 1, and the top surface of the loading top plate 17 is arranged corresponding to the rubber plate 10. The clamping bottom plate 15 is fixedly connected with a mounting screw hole 35 formed in the center of the base through a mounting bolt, so that the clamping part is prevented from bouncing caused by impact load; the stiffened plate 1 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the clamping bottom plate 15, so that the stiffened plate 1 is prevented from being deflected by impact load; the top surface of the clamping bottom plate 15 is connected with a loading top plate 17 in a sliding mode through four limiting slide bars 16, the loading top plate 17 abuts against the top surface of the stiffened plate 1, the loading top plate 17 can slide up and down along the four limiting slide bars 16, impact concentrated load of the hammer head 9 is converted into dynamic axial compression load uniform loading of the stiffened plate 1, the stiffened plate 1 is fixed on the top surface of the clamping base, vertical displacement constraint is provided for the stiffened plate 1, and accidents caused by the fact that the stiffened plate 1 bounces and breaks away in the test process are prevented. Meanwhile, the loading top plate 17 uniformly impacts on the stiffened plate 1, so that local hammering is prevented, the stiffened plate 1 is locally deformed, and accurate data cannot be obtained.
In a further optimized scheme, the lifting part comprises lifting blocks 18 connected to the upright post 4 in a sliding manner, and a lifting plate 19 is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks 18; the lifting plate 19 is located above the pull rod 7; the top surface of the lifting plate 19 is fixedly provided with a lifting control module 20; a lifting assembly is arranged below the lifting plate 19 and detachably connected with the pull rod 7; the lift elements are electrically connected to the lift control module 20. The lifting block 18 is connected to the upright post 4 in a sliding manner, forms a rodless cylinder with the upright post 4, and is lifted and lowered along the upright post 4 under the control of the control device 33 to drive the lifting part to pull the hammering part to lift; the lifting control module 20 at the top end of the lifting plate 19 is electrically connected with the control device 33, and the lifting control module 20 is respectively electrically connected with the lifting block 18 and the lifting assembly; controlling the lifting and lowering of the lifting block 18 and simultaneously controlling the grabbing and releasing of the lifting assembly and the pull rod 7; when the hammering component needs to be pulled up, the lifting component grasps the pull rod 7, the lifting block 18 drives the lifting part to lift, and then the hammering part is driven to lift together, so that the impact position of the hammer 9 can be calibrated conveniently, and the impact height can be changed according to test requirements, so that the preset impact energy can be realized; after the preset height is reached, the lifting control module 20 controls the lifting assembly to release the pull rod 7, the hammering part falls freely and impacts the loading top plate 17, and the application of the impact load on the stiffened plate 1 is completed.
In a further optimized scheme, the lifting assembly comprises a groove 21 formed in the bottom surface of the lifting plate 19, a first electromagnet 22 is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom surface of the groove 21, and the first electromagnet 22 is electrically connected with the lifting control module 20; the top end of a lifting claw 23 is connected in the groove 21 in a sliding manner, and two branches at the top end of the lifting claw 23 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first electromagnet 22; a spring 24 is fixedly connected between one end of the lifting claw 23 positioned in the groove 21 and the side walls of the two ends of the first electromagnet 22; the lower end of the lifting claw 23 is detachably connected with the pull rod 7. The lifting claw 23 is made of two mutually hinged curved rods, the hinged point is close to the lower end of the lifting claw 23, the lower end of the lifting claw 23 is grabbed into a pull ring at the top end of the pull rod 7, the upper end of the lifting claw is in sliding connection with the groove 21, and the lifting claw is far away from or close to the first electromagnet 22 under the combined action of the spring 24 and the first electromagnet 22, so that the grabbing and releasing of the bottom end of the lifting claw 23 are realized; when the lifting claw is not used, the first electromagnet 22 is not electrified, and the spring 24 pushes the two ends of the bent rod of the lifting claw 23 to slide away from the first electromagnet 22, so that the bottom end of the lifting claw 23 is opened; when the pull rod 7 needs to be grasped, the lifting block 18 drives the hammering assembly to fall until the pull ring at the top end of the pull rod 7 enters the range of the lifting claw 23, the lifting control module 20 controls the first electromagnet 22 to be electrified to generate suction force on the lifting claw 23, the upper end of the lifting claw 23 is pulled to slide towards the first electromagnet 22, the tail ends of the lifting claws 23 are close to each other, and finally the pull ring is grasped to complete grasping of a hammering part; the lifting block 18 is controlled to drive the lifting part to rise, and then the hammering part is driven to rise, so that impact load is provided for the stiffened plate 1.
According to the further optimization scheme, an automatic switch 25 is arranged below the hinged point of the lifting claw 23, and the automatic switch 25 is detachably connected with the pull rod 7; the automatic switch 25 is electrically connected to the lift control module 20. When the lifting claw 23 descends, the pull ring enters the range of the lifting claw 23 until the top end of the pull ring abuts against the automatic switch 25 and closes the automatic switch 25, the automatic switch 25 is connected with the lifting control module 20 to supply power to the first electromagnet 22, automatic capture and gripping of the pull rod 7 are completed, manual position calibration is not needed, and capture speed is improved.
In a further optimized scheme, the anti-jump part comprises a bearing platform 26 fixedly arranged on the top surface of the support plate 3, a second electromagnet 27 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bearing platform 26, and the second electromagnet 27 is arranged corresponding to a third electromagnet 28 arranged in the mounting groove 13; the opposite side walls of the two bearing platforms 26 are respectively provided with a displacement sensor 29. The second electromagnet 27 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the bearing platform 26, the third electromagnet 28 is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 13, and when the second electromagnet and the third electromagnet are not electrified, no reaction is generated; when the two are electrified simultaneously, mutual repulsive force is generated; when the hammering assembly falls and impacts the loading top plate 17, the impact force can enable the hammering part to rebound and rise again, the loading top plate 17 is impacted again, and the accuracy of a test result is influenced by multiple times of impact, which is to be avoided; when the hammer 9 enters the measuring range of the displacement sensor 29, the displacement sensor 29 is activated, and measured data are transmitted to the control panel; when the hammering assembly falls for the first time, hammering is completed, then the hammering assembly bounces up again and rises, and the hammering assembly has a high upward speed, and two opposite displacement sensors 29 measure the speed and the direction of the hammer head 9; when the hammer 9 moves upwards and the speed is high, the control panel compares the data to judge that the hammering part is reversely bounced, the control device 33 is powered on the second electromagnet 27 and the third electromagnet 28 to generate repulsive force, and when the hammering part after the secondary jump falls down again, the repulsive force between the second electromagnet 27 and the third electromagnet 28 supports the hammering assembly to enable the hammering assembly not to slide downwards any more, so that the hammer 9 is prevented from impacting the loading top plate 17 again and impacting the reinforcing plate 1 for the second time.
Furthermore, the displacement sensor 29 is preferably a laser displacement sensor 29, and has the advantages of quick response, accurate measurement and mature technology.
The using method comprises the following steps:
positioning and installing the support plate 3 and the upright post 4 on the bearing bottom plate 2, and fixedly installing the clamping base on the bearing bottom plate 2; then the hammering base 5 and the lifting part are sequentially arranged; selecting the weight of the hammer 9 and the counterweight 6 and the rigidity of the rubber plate 10 according to a test plan, then fixing the hammer rod 8 and the counterweight 6 at the lower end and the upper end of a hammering bottom plate 11 in sequence, and supporting a hammering part through a supporting device (not shown in the figure); the height of the loading top plate 17 is raised, the stiffened plate 1 to be tested is fixedly arranged on the clamping bottom plate 15 and is released from the clamping bottom plate, so that the bottom surface of the loading top plate 17 falls on the top end of the clamping plate; finally, the height of the bearing platform 26 is adjusted, and the second electromagnet 27 and the displacement sensor 29 are adjusted to proper heights, so that the preparation work before the test is completed.
The lifting part is controlled to descend through the control device 33, when the lifting part descends to a certain height, the pull ring enters the range of the lifting claw 23, the top end of the pull ring pushes the automatic switch 25 and closes the automatic switch 25, the automatic switch 25 is connected with the lifting control module 20 to supply power to the first electromagnet 22, the first electromagnet 22 generates suction to the lifting claw 23, the upper end of the lifting claw 23 is pulled to slide towards the first electromagnet 22, the tail ends of the lifting claws 23 are also close to each other, and finally the pull ring is grabbed to finish automatic capture and grabbing of the pull rod 7 of the hammering part; the lifting block 18 is controlled to drive the lifting part to rise slowly and drive the hammering part to rise, so that the hammering part is raised to a preset height.
The support device at the bottom end of the hammering part is removed after the hammering part reaches a preset height, then the lifting control module 20 is controlled by the control panel to power off the first electromagnet 22, the first electromagnet 22 loses the suction force on the lifting claw 23, the spring 24 pushes the two ends of the crank rod of the lifting claw 23 to slide away from the first electromagnet 22, so that the bottom end of the lifting claw 23 is opened, the tail end of the lifting claw 23 is withdrawn from the pull ring of the pull rod 7, the hammering part loses the fixation of the lifting part, free falling along the square shape of the upright post 4 is started, the impact is performed on the loading top plate 17, and the application of impact load on the stiffened plate 1 is completed.
The displacement sensor 29 captures the direction and the speed of the bottom surface of the hammer 9, after the first impact is completed, when the hammer 9 rebounds and rises again, the displacement sensor 29 captures the upward displacement direction and the higher displacement speed of the hammer 9, the control device 33 judges that the hammering part is in the rebounding state, the control device 33 energizes the second electromagnet 27 and the third electromagnet 28 to generate mutual repulsion force, when the hammering part after the second bounce falls again, the repulsion force between the second electromagnet 27 and the third electromagnet 28 supports the hammering part, so that the hammering part does not slide down any more, and the hammer 9 is prevented from impacting the loading top plate 17 again and impacting the reinforcing plate 1 for the second time.
The test device realizes uniform loading of dynamic axial compression load of the stiffened plate 1 by combining the clamping bottom plate 15, the limiting slide rod 16 and the loading top plate 17, changes dynamic load amplitude by adjusting the mass and height of the hammering part, changes dynamic load pulse characteristic by adjusting the rigidity of the rubber plate 10, and prevents secondary impact of the hammering part by jointly controlling the second electromagnet 27, the third electromagnet 28 and the displacement sensor 29. The test device has the advantages of simple working principle, simple and convenient equipment arrangement, flexible load control and various application scenes, is convenient to carry out dynamic ultimate strength tests of ships and large-scale marine engineering structures, and solves the problem that the dynamic ultimate strength analysis of the large-scale stiffened plate 1 is lack of a suitable test device.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only for describing the preferred mode of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Large-scale stiffened plate dynamic buckling and ultimate strength test device of hull under impact load, its characterized in that: comprises that
A support part fixed on the ground for supporting and fixing the whole device on the ground;
the clamping part is used for clamping a stiffened plate (1) to be tested and is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting part;
the hammering part is used for hammering the clamping part to apply impact load to the stiffened plate (1); the hammering part and the clamping part are arranged up and down correspondingly; the hammering part is longitudinally connected on the supporting part in a sliding manner;
the lifting part is detachably connected with the hammering part and is used for driving the hammering part to longitudinally rise on the supporting part;
the anti-jumping part is fixedly installed on the top surface of the supporting part and corresponds to the hammering part, and the anti-jumping part is used for preventing the hammering part from hammering for the second time.
2. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting part comprises a bearing bottom plate (2) fixed on the ground, and the clamping part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bearing bottom plate (2); the bearing bottom plate (2) is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two supporting plates (3), the two supporting plates (3) are respectively and fixedly connected with an upright post (4), the two upright posts (4) are symmetrically arranged, and the hammering part and the lifting part are both connected between the two upright posts (4) in a sliding manner; the jump-proof part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate (3).
3. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 2, wherein: the hammering part comprises a hammering base (5) which is connected between the two upright posts (4) in a sliding manner; a hammering assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering base (5), and the hammering assembly is arranged corresponding to the clamping part; a counterweight block (6) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the hammering base (5); the top surface center rigid coupling of hammering base (5) has pull rod (7), pull rod (7) with lifting portion can dismantle the connection.
4. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 3, wherein: the hammering assembly comprises a hammer rod (8) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering base (5), a hammer head (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hammer rod (8), and the hammer head (9) and the clamping part are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding mode; the bottom surface of the hammer head (9) is fixedly connected with a rubber plate (10).
5. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 4, wherein: the hammering base (5) comprises a hammering bottom plate (11), and the hammer rod (8) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the hammering bottom plate (11); the both ends rigid coupling of hammering bottom plate (11) has mounting panel (12), mounting groove (13) have been seted up on mounting panel (12), fixed mounting has slider (14) in mounting groove (13), slider (14) cover is established the sliding connection and is in on stand (4).
6. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 4, wherein: the clamping part comprises a clamping bottom plate (15) fixedly arranged on the bearing bottom plate (2), and the bottom surface of the stiffened plate (1) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the clamping bottom plate (15); four corners of the top surface of the clamping bottom plate (15) are respectively and fixedly connected with limiting slide rods (16), and the four limiting slide rods (16) are connected with a same loading top plate (17) in a sliding manner; the bottom surface of the loading top plate (17) is abutted against the top surface of the stiffened plate (1), and the top surface of the loading top plate (17) is arranged corresponding to the rubber plate (10).
7. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 3, wherein: the lifting part comprises lifting blocks (18) which are connected to the upright posts (4) in a sliding manner, and a lifting plate (19) is fixedly connected between the two lifting blocks (18); the lifting plate (19) is positioned above the pull rod (7); a lifting control module (20) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate (19); a lifting assembly is arranged below the lifting plate (19), and the lifting assembly is detachably connected with the pull rod (7); the lifting assembly is electrically connected with the lifting control module (20).
8. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 7, wherein: the lifting assembly comprises a groove (21) formed in the bottom surface of the lifting plate (19), a first electromagnet (22) is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom surface of the groove (21), and the first electromagnet (22) is electrically connected with the lifting control module (20); the top end of a lifting claw (23) is connected in the groove (21) in a sliding manner, and two branches at the top end of the lifting claw (23) are respectively arranged at two ends of the first electromagnet (22); a spring (24) is fixedly connected between one end of the lifting claw (23) positioned in the groove (21) and the side walls of the two ends of the first electromagnet (22); the lower end of the lifting claw (23) is detachably connected with the pull rod (7).
9. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 8, wherein: an automatic switch (25) is arranged below a hinged point of the lifting claw (23), and the automatic switch (25) is detachably connected with the pull rod (7); the automatic switch (25) is electrically connected with the lifting control module (20).
10. The device for testing the dynamic buckling and ultimate strength of the large stiffened plate of the ship body under the impact load according to claim 5, wherein: the anti-jumping part comprises a bearing platform (26) fixedly mounted on the top surface of the supporting plate (3), a second electromagnet (27) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bearing platform (26), and the second electromagnet (27) is arranged corresponding to a third electromagnet (28) arranged in the mounting groove (13); and displacement sensors (29) are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the two bearing platforms (26).
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| CN202111637377.4A CN114354396A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for large stiffened plate of ship body under impact load |
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| CN202111637377.4A CN114354396A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Dynamic buckling and ultimate strength testing device for large stiffened plate of ship body under impact load |
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