CN114353967B - Low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and calibration method - Google Patents
Low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and a calibration method, wherein the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system comprises the following components: the vacuum cabin is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment; the infrared temperature difference radiation emission device is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin corresponding to the infrared temperature difference radiation emission device and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference; and the collimation optical device is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber and is used for receiving the first infrared radiation and transmitting the first infrared radiation after collimation treatment to a target infrared load so as to enable the target infrared load to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration. The problems that radiation temperature parameters of an on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate, accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, and hidden danger is caused by infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of infrared load calibration of an on-orbit space, in particular to a low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and a calibration method.
Background
With the development of the aerospace technology, the application of infrared load, namely an infrared load imager, has been expanded to near space and outer space, and the systems comprise a space reconnaissance system, a near space early warning system, an outer space infrared guiding striking system, a high-speed sudden weapon prevention system, a satellite-borne infrared remote sensing system and the like, and with the gradual improvement of the technical and tactical performance requirements of the infrared load, the radiation temperature parameter calibration under the low-temperature vacuum condition has become the necessary trend of the further development of the target infrared load.
For the application environment of an orbit satellite in-orbit space, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration is the basis and precondition for realizing high performance indexes by infrared load, and the key technical indexes of the environment can be calibrated by the radiation temperature parameter calibration in the ground simulation environment in the stages of design, engineering development, test and the like, so that the infrared load target recognition capability is improved, and the environment-friendly low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration has extremely important significance for an early warning system, an outer space infrared guide system, a high-speed burst-proof weapon guide system and the like. In order to meet the technical indexes of related models, the ultra-low temperature radiation temperature parameter calibration is required to be carried out in an on-orbit space environment. The calibration state is consistent with the actual working state of the space so as to ensure the calibration effectiveness, accurately grasp the inversion coefficient of the infrared load and ensure the target identification precision.
However, in the process of implementing the technical scheme of the invention in the embodiment of the application, the inventor of the application finds that at least the following technical problems exist in the above technology:
in the radiation temperature parameters, besides radiation temperature and radiation temperature uniformity, NETD (noise equivalent temperature difference), MRTD (minimum resolvable temperature difference) and MDTD (minimum detectable temperature difference) are also important in calibration tracing, but the current on-orbit space infrared load low-temperature radiation temperature parameter test system can only test radiation temperature, NETD (noise equivalent temperature difference), MRTD (minimum resolvable temperature difference) and MDTD (minimum detectable temperature difference) tests are not carried out as far as calibration tracing is possible, the radiation temperature parameters in the on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate, and the accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, so that hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems that the radiation temperature parameters of the on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate and the accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, so that the hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test, the present invention is proposed to provide a low-temperature vacuum low-temperature radiation temperature parameter calibration system and a calibration method for overcoming the above problems or at least partially solving the above problems.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system comprising: the vacuum cabin is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment; the infrared temperature difference radiation emission device is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference; and the collimation optical device is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber and is used for receiving the first infrared radiation and transmitting the first infrared radiation after collimation treatment to a target infrared load so as to enable the target infrared load to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system further comprises: and the standard blackbody is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin and is used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device includes: a target assembly having a number of optically transmissive targets; the background blackbody is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target; the target blackbody is arranged corresponding to the back surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target; the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the light-transmitting target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
Preferably, the plurality of light-transmitting targets at least comprise square targets, round targets and four-bar targets.
Preferably, the collimating optical means comprises: the low-temperature collimator is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device, and the first infrared radiation is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator after being emitted from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator.
Preferably, the collimating optical device further comprises: the two-dimensional oscillating mirror is arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device and the target infrared load respectively and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted by the collimating optical device after the collimating treatment on the target infrared load; the vacuum is low Wen Zhuaitai, and the two-dimensional swing mirror is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature turntable and used for driving the two-dimensional swing mirror to rotate.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, including:
acquiring a radiation temperature target value and a radiation temperature calibration value, wherein the radiation temperature target value is the radiation temperature of first infrared radiation emitted by a standard black body, and the radiation temperature calibration value is the radiation temperature measured by observing the first infrared radiation under the condition of target infrared load;
Comparing the radiation temperature target value with a radiation temperature calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature of the target infrared load;
acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load;
obtaining a standard deviation target value and a standard deviation calibration value, wherein the standard deviation target value is a target value calibrated by the standard deviation calibration value, and the standard deviation calibration value is the standard deviation of a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures;
comparing the standard deviation target value with a standard deviation calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
acquiring a noise equivalent temperature difference target value and a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, wherein the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration target value of the target infrared load, and the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is an equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body when the signal to noise ratio of an output signal of the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is 1 when the target infrared load observes a square target or a round target;
Comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with a noise equivalent temperature difference target value;
and calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
acquiring a minimum resolvable temperature difference target value and a minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background blackbody when the target infrared load observes a four-bar target;
comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value with a minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating a minimum resolvable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
acquiring a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background blackbody when the target infrared load observes a circular target;
Comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference target value with a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value;
and calibrating the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for execution, which when executed by a processor, implements a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method as described in any one of the above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the system has reasonable and ingenious design, simulates a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space through the vacuum cabin, sends out first infrared radiation with set temperature difference through the infrared temperature difference radiation emission device, receives the first infrared radiation through the collimation optical device, and sends the first infrared radiation to a target infrared load after collimation treatment; by combining the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, radiation temperature calibration, temperature uniformity calibration, noise equivalent temperature difference calibration, minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load are executed, so that calibration tracing of radiation temperature parameters is realized; the problems that radiation temperature parameters of an on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, and hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test are solved; the first translation guide rail, the second translation guide rail and the third translation guide rail are combined, the positions of the standard blackbody, the standard infrared radiometer and the light transmission target can be respectively adjusted according to the calibration requirement, namely, when the temperature parameter calibration is implemented by the target infrared load, the movement or the change of the orientation is not needed, the consistency of the calibration environment among different parameters can be maintained, and the calibration precision is greatly improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart A of a method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart B of a method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart C of a method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart D of a method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart E of a method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a calibration schematic of the temperature and temperature uniformity of the target IR load radiation in example 1 according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a calibration schematic diagram of the calibration of the target infrared load noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum resolvable temperature difference, and the minimum detectable temperature difference in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of calibration of the low-temperature collimator of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the calibration of an infrared standard radiometer according to example 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a vacuum cabin; 2. an infrared temperature difference radiation emission device; 3. collimation optics; 4. standard black body; 5. an infrared standard radiometer; 6. a target infrared load; 7. calibrating the light path; 21. background black body; 22. a target black body; 23. a light transmitting target; 24. a planar mirror; 31. a low-temperature collimator; 32. a two-dimensional swing mirror; 33. vacuum low Wen Zhuaitai; 41. a first translation rail; 51. a third translation rail; 231. and a second translating rail.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 referring to fig. 1 and 7 to 10, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system according to an aspect of the present invention, including: the vacuum cabin 1 is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment;
the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber 1 and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference;
the collimation optical device 3 is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin 1 corresponding to the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 and is used for receiving the first infrared radiation and emitting the first infrared radiation after collimation treatment to the target infrared load 6 so as to enable the target infrared load 6 to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration.
Specifically, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system is mainly applied to infrared load low-temperature radiation temperature parameter calibration of an in-orbit space, namely the running space of an in-orbit satellite; the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system simulates a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space through the vacuum cabin 1; then the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 emits first infrared radiation with set temperature difference, the collimating optical device 3 receives the first infrared radiation and collimates the first infrared radiation to form a parallel radiation beam (hereinafter referred to as a collimated light path 7) and emits the parallel radiation beam to the target infrared load 6; due to the temperature difference determination, the calibration of the infrared load can be implemented by comparing the output signal of the target infrared load 6 with or with the calculated value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 under specific conditions;
The set temperature difference is defined manually according to the radiation temperature parameter calibration requirement, so that when the subsequent target infrared load 6 is calibrated according to the parameter with high correlation with the radiation temperature, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load are realized.
Further, the vacuum cooling chamber 1 is: the simulation cabin can effectively shield stray radiation of infrared light and visible light to form a space simulation environment; the outside of the simulation cabin is provided with various interfaces so as to realize connection with a vacuum pumping system, liquid nitrogen, a cable and a data line, thereby realizing simulation of a low-temperature vacuum environment and transmission of data.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system further comprises:
and the standard blackbody 4 is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber 1 and is used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the standard blackbody 4 may fill the entire field of view of the target infrared load 6, and its temperature may be continuously varied between 150K and 250K to emit a temperature-stable second infrared radiation for the target infrared load 6 to calibrate its radiation temperature and temperature uniformity. The standard black body 4 mainly includes: front support frame, heat preservation, radiant panel, low temperature sensor, heating plate, liquid nitrogen refrigeration board, refrigeration pipeline, support and auxiliary stay etc.. The heat insulation layer is used for heat insulation between the radiation plate and the front support frame, so that heat loss and edge heat dissipation caused by heat conduction to the radiation plate are reduced, and the temperature field uniformity of the radiation surface is improved. The heating plate is stuck to the back of the radiation plate through low-temperature heat-conducting glue, the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate is installed behind the heating plate through screws, the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate is installed on the radiation plate through three rows and five columns of screws, and the front support frame and the radiation plate are locked, so that the radiation plate, the heating plate and the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate are ensured to be in tight contact and are uniformly stressed, and the temperature field uniformity of the radiation plate is further improved. The inlet and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate are directly welded with the corrugated pipe, and the other end of the corrugated pipe is led out of the vacuum cabin through a transition flange structure and is connected with an external liquid nitrogen tank.
Further, the system further includes a first translation guide rail 41, the first translation guide rail 41 is disposed corresponding to the calibration light path 7, the standard black body 4 is movably mounted on the first translation guide rail 41, two states of blocking the calibration light path 7 and not blocking the calibration light path 7 by the standard black body 4 can be switched by moving the standard black body 4, when the radiation temperature and the radiation temperature uniformity are calibrated, the standard black body 4 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive the second infrared radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and the calibration of the radiation temperature and the radiation temperature uniformity is realized; when the noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference are calibrated, the standard black body 4 is moved so as not to block the calibration light path 7, and the target infrared load 6 can only receive the calibration light path 7 output by the collimation optical device 3, so that the noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference are calibrated;
in other words, when the temperature parameter calibration is performed on the target infrared load 6, the position or orientation of the target infrared load 6 does not need to be changed, so that the reliability of the calibration can be ensured.
Preferably, the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 includes:
A target assembly having a number of optically transparent targets 23;
a background black body 21, which is disposed corresponding to the reflecting surface of the transparent target 23, and is used for emitting a third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the transparent target 23;
a target black body 22, which is disposed corresponding to the back surface of the transparent target 23, and is used for emitting a fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the transparent target 23;
wherein the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the transparent target 23, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the transparent target 23 and combines with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
Specifically, the target black body 22 and the background black body 21 mainly include: blackbody radiation source, connecting cable, through-the-wall aviation plug, liquid nitrogen flow, temperature control system, etc. The radiation source is placed in the vacuum tank, and provides an infrared radiation source with variable temperature and stable performance for the collimation optical system. The control cable is divided into two parts, namely an inner part and an outer part, and the radiation source is electrically connected with the controller through the through-wall navigation socket. The flow of the liquid nitrogen flow can be controlled by adjusting the low-temperature liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, so that the refrigerating power of the high-temperature and low-temperature blackbody can be controlled. The control system is arranged outside the vacuum cold cabin 1, and the temperature display and setting of the target black body 22/background black body 21 can be realized through the controller; the principle of the structure of the target black body 22 is the same, and the main difference is that the radiation temperatures output by the target black body 22 and the background black body 21 are different.
The target assembly comprises a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 and a second translation guide rail 231, the second translation guide rail 231 is arranged between the background blackbody 21 and the target blackbody 22, the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 are movably and movably arranged on the second translation guide rail 231, different light-transmitting targets 23 can be switched by moving the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23, the reflecting surface of the selected light-transmitting target 23 is aligned with the third infrared radiation emitted by the background blackbody 21, the back surface of the selected light-transmitting target 23 is aligned with the target blackbody 22, so that the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target 23, and the fourth infrared radiation emitted by the target blackbody 22 passes through the light-transmitting target 23 and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference. Thereby realizing the output of the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference;
furthermore, different light-transmitting targets 23 can be switched according to the calibration requirements of the equivalent temperature difference of the calibration noise, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference.
In another preferred embodiment, the target assembly comprises four-bar targets, square targets, round targets of different sizes.
Preferably, the collimating optical means 3 comprises: the low-temperature collimator 31 is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2, and the first infrared radiation is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator 31 after being emitted from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator 31.
Specifically, the focal length of the low-temperature collimator 31 is 3m, the collimating optical device 3 further includes a plane mirror 24, the plane mirror 24 is disposed at the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator 31, and the first infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator 31 after being incident from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator 31 through the plane mirror 24, so as to form infrared radiation with infinity, clarity, uniformity, no vignetting and accurate temperature. The first infrared radiant energy emitted by the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 is clearly, accurately and parallelly transmitted to the target infrared load, and the noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load are calibrated; the influence of diffuse reflection on a calibration result is not required to be considered, so that the calibration of noise equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference and minimum detectable temperature difference in a low-temperature vacuum environment is possible, the calibration precision is improved, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the collimating optical means 3 further comprises: a two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32, which is respectively arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device 3 and the target infrared load 6, and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted by the collimating optical device 3 after the collimating treatment on the target infrared load 6; the vacuum low Wen Zhuaitai is 33, and the two-dimensional swing mirror 32 is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 and is used for driving the two-dimensional swing mirror 32 to rotate.
Specifically, the vacuum low Wen Zhuaitai 33 is a two-axis turntable, and the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is driven to swing in two dimensions by the two-axis turntable; on the one hand, the calibration light path 7 emitted by the collimation optics 3, namely the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31, is scanned to the target infrared load; on the other hand, the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 is scanned to an infrared standard radiometer described below, so that the radiation temperature parameter calibration of the target infrared load and the temperature calibration of the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 before the radiation temperature parameter calibration are respectively realized, the temperature difference of the calibration light path 7 is ensured to be the same as the set temperature difference, and the calibration accuracy is improved.
Further, the performance of the biaxial turntable can be greatly reduced in a vacuum low-temperature environment, a motor and a moving mechanism inside the turntable are required to be subjected to heat preservation treatment, a plurality of layers are covered outside the turntable after treatment, the moving part lubricating grease cannot be used in vacuum, and the conventional vacuum grease cannot be used in the low-temperature environment. Therefore, in the embodiment, molybdenum disulfide is used as a solid lubricant to be plated on the movement mechanism, so that the reliability is high and the maintenance is facilitated. In order to ensure the calibration accuracy, the vacuum low Wen Zhuaitai 33 selects a biaxial turntable with the angle control accuracy of 10'; the two-axis turntable is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin 1 through a vibration isolation platform, and supporting feet of the two-axis turntable penetrate through the vibration isolation platform and the vacuum cold cabin 1 and are directly arranged on a vibration isolation foundation outside the system; and the supporting legs of the biaxial turntable are covered by corrugated pipes to form a vacuum environment with the vacuum cabin 1. The vibration isolation platform and the vibration isolation foundation are respectively made of vibration isolation materials or provided with vibration isolation springs.
In addition, the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is made of microcrystalline materials, the expansion coefficient of the microcrystalline materials is low, the surface deformation is small under the low-temperature environment, in order to reduce the change of the surface of the reflecting surface caused by the compression joint of the front surface when the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is fixed, a boss is processed at the rear of the microcrystalline mirror, and the boss is fixed on a fixed structure by using an adhesive, so that the front surface of the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32, namely the reflecting surface, is not stressed; the surface of the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is plated with a dielectric film, high reflectivity can be realized in a wave band of 8-12 mu m, the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is fixed on a vacuum low-temperature turntable 33 and moves along with the movement of the turntable, that is, the two-dimensional swinging mirror 32 is matched with the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the simulation of a moving target in a certain range, and a calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 is scanned to a target infrared load; a scanning radiometer can be formed in cooperation with an infrared standard radiometer to measure the radiation temperature in each direction emitted by the cryogenic collimator 31.
It should be noted that the calibration optical path 7 also includes a path through which the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 reflectively scans to the target infrared load 6.
Preferably, the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 at least comprise square targets, round targets, and four-bar targets.
Specifically, the light-transmitting target 23 is made of red copper material, has higher heat conductivity and smaller heat capacity, can generate a uniform temperature field, is plated with a high-reflectivity gold film after polishing, has an effective reflectivity of 0.99 and reflects the radiation of the background blackbody 21 to form the low-temperature third infrared radiation; the back of the transparent target 23 is opposite to the target black body 22, and the back of the transparent target 23 is polished and covered by a plurality of layers of packages to prevent the transparent target 23 from being heated by the target black body 22;
further, the square target, the round target and the four-bar target are different in that light holes with different shapes are formed through the back surface and the reflecting surface, and the light holes are respectively square, round and four-bar; when the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is that the target infrared load 6 observes a square target or a round target, and the signal to noise ratio of the output signal is 1, the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target blackbody 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background blackbody 21; when the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value is the average value of the positive temperature difference and the negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 by the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 when the target infrared load 6 observes a four-bar target; when the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is the average value of the positive temperature difference and the negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 by the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 when the target infrared load 6 observes a round target; therefore, the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 at least include square targets, round targets, and four-bar targets, so as to meet the calibration requirements of calibrating noise equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference, and minimum detectable temperature difference.
In another preferred embodiment, the system further comprises: the infrared standard radiometer 5 and the third translation guide rail 51, the third translation guide rail 51 is arranged between the first translation guide rail 41 and the target infrared load, the infrared standard radiometer 5 is movably arranged on the third translation guide rail 51, namely, the infrared standard radiometer 5 can be switched to a state of blocking or not blocking the calibration light path 7 by moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third translation guide rail 51, and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is matched with the movement of the standard black body 4; before the infrared standard radiometer 5 is used, the standard blackbody 4 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, so that the calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5 is realized; when in use, the standard black body 4 is moved to not block the calibration light path 7, and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, so that the calibration of the calibration light path 7 is realized. Therefore, the radiation temperature parameter calibration precision of the system for the on-orbit space is greatly improved, and the problems that the radiation temperature parameter of the on-orbit space is difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, and hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test are solved.
Further, the infrared standard radiometer 5 is mainly composed of the following several main components: the system comprises an optical system, a modulator, a cold diaphragm, an infrared detector assembly, a modulation controller, a lock-in amplifier, a data acquisition processor and a controller. In addition, mechanical structures, system accessories, and the like are included. The modulator is arranged between the optical imaging system and the infrared detector component and modulates the detected optical radiation, and has the function of modulating the direct current optical radiation into pulse optical radiation and generating a synchronous signal as the synchronous input of the phase-locked amplifier. The infrared detector component is a unit infrared refrigeration detector, a liquid nitrogen refrigeration detector is selected, and is provided with a preamplifier, the amplified signal is connected to a phase-locked amplifier, the signal is processed by the phase-locked amplifier and then output, and the signal is stored by system software as final measurement data after being acquired and processed by a data acquisition and processing controller. In addition, in order to shield stray radiation, a cold stop is designed in front of the infrared detector.
In addition, the system also comprises an optical platform for bearing all components except the vacuum cold chamber 1, the optical platform uses a stainless steel table top, an M6 threaded hole is arranged on the upper surface of the platform, weight reduction processing is carried out below the platform, a plurality of temperature acquisition points are distributed on the platform, and the temperature of the platform can be acquired in real time. The three invar plates are welded on the platform and used for positioning the collimator, and the surface of the platform is coated with high-emissivity black paint, so that the high-emissivity invar plate has high emissivity and absorptivity, and stray light entering an optical system can be eliminated.
And because the precision requirement of this system is high, influences such as vibrations are extremely sensitive, in order to guarantee that it can normally work, consequently optical platform need carry out vibration isolation design, and the platform itself needs to be installed on vibration isolation foundation, and its supporting part passes the vacuum bulkhead through the bellows, because the low Wen Zhuaitai of vacuum in the calibrating device also need fix on vibration isolation foundation, consequently reserve the low Wen Zhuaitai 33 mounting hole of vacuum in the optical platform.
Further, the system also comprises a temperature measurement and thermal control subsystem: it includes a temperature detection component that mainly includes three parts. In the process of temperature and pressure return of the plane reflecting mirror 24, in order to prevent the optical lens from being polluted, the plane reflecting mirror 24 needs to be heated to the vicinity of normal temperature in advance; in order to ensure that the vacuum low Wen Zhuaitai 33 works normally under the vacuum low temperature condition, the vacuum low temperature turntable 33 needs to be controlled within a certain temperature range, so that locking phenomenon of a moving structure due to thermal expansion and cold contraction under the vacuum low temperature condition is avoided; therefore, the temperatures of the mechanical support structure of the low-temperature collimator 31, the plane mirror 24 and the infrared standard radiometer 5 are monitored in real time, the temperature field distribution of the low-temperature optical-mechanical structure is obtained, and whether the system reaches the heat balance is determined. The reliability of the system for carrying out radiation temperature parameter calibration is improved.
In addition, the target black body 22, the background black body 21 and the standard black body 4 adopt a hierarchical refrigeration mode.
After multiple tests, the technical indexes of the system are as follows: calibration band: 8-12 μm; radiation temperature calibration range: 150K-25 OK; uncertainty of radiation temperature measurement: 0.5K; uncertainty of radiation temperature uniformity measurement: 0.5K; NETD measurement uncertainty: 20Mk; MRTD measurement uncertainty: 30Mk; MDTD measurement uncertainty: 30Mk.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, including:
step 201, acquiring a radiation temperature target value and a radiation temperature calibration value, wherein the radiation temperature target value is the radiation temperature of first infrared radiation emitted by a standard blackbody 4, and the radiation temperature calibration value is the radiation temperature measured by observing the first infrared radiation for a target infrared load 6;
step 202, comparing the radiation temperature target value and the radiation temperature calibration value;
step 203, calibrating the radiation temperature of the target infrared load 6;
specifically, according to the calibration expression of the radiation temperature:
T z ＝T B
wherein T is B For the radiation temperature target value: the radiation temperature of the emitted first infrared radiation is generally set manually according to the calibration requirements; t (T) z Calibration values for radiation temperature: the radiation temperature of the first infrared radiation emitted by the standard black body 4; the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 can thus be performed by directly receiving the first infrared radiation emitted by the standard black body 4;
specifically, in this embodiment, by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation rail 41, the state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration optical path 7 is switched to, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive the radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and thus the radiation temperature calibration value can be directly adjusted according to the radiation temperature target value, and the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 is realized.
Step 301, acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load 6;
step 302, obtaining a standard deviation target value and a standard deviation calibration value, wherein the standard deviation target value is a target value calibrated by the standard deviation calibration value, and the standard deviation calibration value is a standard deviation of a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures;
in practice, this step is performed by calculating the standard deviation calibration value by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,an average value of the radiation temperatures of n pixels; t (T) i The temperature is radiated for the nth pixel.
Step 303, comparing the standard deviation target value and the standard deviation calibration value;
step 304, calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the uniformity of the radiation temperature of the target infrared load 6 refers to the uniformity of the temperature at different positions in the same time, so that the standard deviation of the radiation temperatures of a plurality of pixels can be obtained by sampling the signal output of different pixels of the target infrared load 6, namely the radiation temperatures of a plurality of pixels (the radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load 6); the standard deviation target value is a target value calibrated by the standard deviation calibration value, and means that when the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared radiation is calibrated to the target level, the standard deviation of the radiation temperature measured by different pixels of the target infrared radiation is supposed to be the same as the standard deviation target value; that is, when the standard deviation target value is determined, the calibration of the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6 can be achieved by comparing the standard deviation target value with the standard deviation calibration value. Wherein the standard deviation target value is generally set manually according to the calibration requirements.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation rail 41, the state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration optical path 7 is switched to make the target infrared load 6 able to receive the radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, so that the standard deviation calibration value of the target infrared load 6 can be adjusted according to the standard deviation target value and the standard deviation calibration value, and the temperature uniformity calibration of the target infrared load 6 is realized.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
step 401, obtaining a noise equivalent temperature difference target value and a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, wherein the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a target value of noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6, and the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is an equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the signal to noise ratio of an output signal of the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is 1 when the target infrared load 6 observes a square target or a round target;
in implementation, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
wherein V is S And V is equal to n Respectively outputting voltage values of a signal and output noise of the target infrared load 6, wherein NETD is a noise equivalent temperature difference; the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6, i.e., the ratio of the peak value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 to the root mean square of the noise signal of the target infrared load 6, is 1.
Step 402, comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value and the noise equivalent temperature difference target value;
step 403, calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the noise equivalent temperature difference is the thermal sensitivity, i.e., the minimum temperature difference that the target infrared load 6 can detect; therefore, the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 can be obtained by adjusting the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is 1; the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is the target value calibrated by the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, and means that when the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared radiation is calibrated to the target level, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value of the target infrared radiation is supposed to be the same as the noise equivalent temperature difference target value; that is, when the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is determined, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value and the noise equivalent temperature difference target value. The noise equivalent temperature difference target value is generally set manually according to the calibration requirement.
Further, the calculation process of the voltage value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 and the voltage value of the output noise of the target infrared load 6 is as follows: the radiation power received by the target infrared load 6 is obtained, then the difference of the received power caused by the temperature difference of the second infrared radiation and the third infrared radiation is obtained, and then the voltage variation and the signal to noise ratio of the target infrared load 6 are obtained, so that the voltage value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 and the voltage value of the output noise of the target infrared load 6 are obtained.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation rail 41, the state is switched to a state in which the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration optical path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration optical path 7; the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail are moved, the reflecting surfaces of the square targets/round targets are aligned with the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surfaces of the square targets/round targets are aligned with the target black body 22, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surfaces of the square targets/round targets, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the square targets/round targets and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation standard black body 4 of the target infrared load 6 to the observation of a square target or a round target; at this time, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is adjusted, so that an equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 can be obtained when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is 1; and then determining a noise equivalent temperature difference target value, and realizing noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of target infrared radiation by comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value and the noise equivalent temperature difference target value.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
step 501, obtaining a minimum resolvable temperature difference target value and a minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6, and the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 by the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 when the target infrared load 6 observes a four-bar target;
in practice, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula DeltaT 1 A positive temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 for the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22; delta T 2 A negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 for the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22; MRTD is the minimum resolvable temperature difference;
step 502, comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value and the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value;
step 503, calibrating the minimum resolvable temperature difference of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the minimum resolvable temperature difference is an important parameter for comprehensively evaluating the temperature resolution and the spatial resolution of the target infrared load 6. It is defined as: for a standard stripe pattern of four stripe blackbody targets with an aspect ratio of 1 to 7 at a certain spatial frequency in a uniform blackbody background, an infinitely long observation is made on the display screen by the observer. When the difference between the target and the background gradually increases from zero to the point that the observer confirms the target pattern capable of distinguishing the four strips, the difference between the target and the background becomes the minimum distinguishable difference under the spatial frequency; the above target refers to the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22, and the above background refers to the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; that is, when the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is determined, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value. The target value of the minimum distinguishable temperature difference of noise is generally set manually according to the calibration requirement.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation rail 41, the state is switched to a state in which the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration optical path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration optical path 7; the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail are moved, the reflecting surfaces of the four-bar targets face the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surfaces of the four-bar targets face the target black body 22, so that the second infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surfaces of the four-bar targets, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the four-bar targets and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the target infrared load 6 to the observation standard blackbody 4 to the observation four-bar target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 is adjusted, and gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern of the four strips; therefore, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum resolvable temperature difference, and the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is determined, so that the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value with the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value.
Preferably, the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method further comprises:
step 601, obtaining a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of a positive temperature difference and a negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 by the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 when the target infrared load 6 observes a circular target;
in practice, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula DeltaT 1 A positive temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 for the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22; delta T 2 A negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 for the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22; MDTD is the minimum detectable temperature difference;
step 602, comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference target value and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value;
step 603, calibrating the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the minimum detectable temperature difference is an important parameter for estimating the target load for observing the detectability of the point source target, and is obtained by taking the concept of the noise equivalent temperature difference and the minimum resolvable temperature difference. The minimum detectable temperature difference is still defined by the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation and the third infrared radiation when the observer can just distinguish the target pattern by adopting the same observation mode of the minimum distinguishable temperature difference. But the minimum detectable temperature difference is observed for a single circle, and the size of the circle is adjustable; that is, the target load is adjusted to observe the circular target, and when the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is determined, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum detectable temperature difference target value. The target value of the minimum detectable temperature difference of noise is generally set manually according to the calibration requirement.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation rail 41, the state is switched to a state in which the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration optical path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration optical path 7; moving the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail to enable the reflecting surface of the round targets to face the background black body 21, so that third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the round targets, and second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the round targets to combine with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation standard black body 4 of the target infrared load 6 to the observation round target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 is adjusted, and gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern; therefore, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum detectable temperature difference, and the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is determined, so that the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum detectable temperature difference target value.
In another preferred implementation scenario, before obtaining the noise equivalent temperature difference target value, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value/obtaining the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value/obtaining the minimum detectable temperature difference target value, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, the temperature difference of the calibration light path 7 needs to be calibrated:
by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state in which the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration optical path 7; moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, and switching to a state that the infrared standard radiometer 5 receives the calibration light path 7; at this time, only the output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5 is collected, and then the output signal is compared with the set temperature difference of the first infrared radiation, so that the calibration of the calibration light path 7 can be completed. Wherein the calibration of the collimator 7, i.e. the low-temperature collimator 31.
Further, before the calibration of the calibration light path 7 by the infrared standard radiometer 5, the infrared standard radiometer needs to be calibrated:
switching to a state in which the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration optical path 7 by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41; and (3) moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, enabling the standard black body 4 to cover the whole view field of the infrared standard radiometer 5 and provide standard infrared radiation, collecting and processing the output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5, and comparing the output signal with the standard infrared radiation to finish the calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for execution, which when executed by a processor, implements a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method as described in any one of the above.
Further, the present invention also provides a shallow embodiment 2, combining a radiation temperature calibration system and a radiation temperature calibration method, performing a temperature parameter calibration for a target infrared load 6 in an on-orbit space;
first, the calibration optical path 7 includes a path in which the low-temperature collimator 31 receives the first infrared radiation having the set temperature difference and outputs the first infrared radiation after the collimation treatment, and a path in which the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 reflectively scans the first infrared radiation to the target infrared load 6.
Calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5 is performed: moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7, moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, enabling the standard black body 4 to cover the whole view field of the infrared standard radiometer 5 and provide standard infrared radiation, collecting and processing output signals of the infrared standard radiometer 5, comparing the output signals with the standard infrared radiation, and completing calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5;
Calibration of the calibration light path 7 is performed: moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7; moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, and switching to a state that the infrared standard radiometer 5 receives the calibration light path 7; collecting an output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5, and comparing the output signal with a set temperature difference of first infrared radiation to finish the calibration of the calibration light path 7;
radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 is performed: the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved, and the state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7 is switched to, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive the radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and the radiation temperature calibration value is directly adjusted according to the radiation temperature target value, so that the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 is realized;
performing temperature uniformity calibration on the target infrared load 6, setting a standard deviation target value, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7 by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, enabling the target infrared load 6 to receive radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and sampling signal output of different pixels of the target infrared load 6, namely a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures (radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load 6), so as to obtain standard deviations of a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures; adjusting the standard deviation calibration value of the target infrared load 6 according to the standard deviation target value and the standard deviation calibration value to finish the temperature uniformity calibration of the target infrared load 6;
Performing noise equivalent temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a noise equivalent temperature difference target value, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7 by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail are moved, the reflecting surfaces of the square targets/round targets are aligned with the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surfaces of the square targets/round targets are aligned with the target black body 22, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surfaces of the square targets/round targets, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the square targets/round targets and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation standard black body 4 of the target infrared load 6 to the observation of a square target or a round target; at this time, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is adjusted, and when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is 1, an equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 is obtained; comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value and the noise equivalent temperature difference target value to realize noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation;
Performing minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a minimum resolvable temperature difference target value, moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail are moved, the reflecting surfaces of the four-bar targets face the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surfaces of the four-bar targets face the target black body 22, so that the second infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surfaces of the four-bar targets, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the four-bar targets and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the target infrared load 6 to the observation standard blackbody 4 to the observation four-bar target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 is adjusted, and gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern of the four strips; therefore, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum resolvable temperature difference, and the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value are compared to realize the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation.
Performing minimum detectable temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a minimum detectable temperature difference target value, moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; moving the positions of a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail to enable the reflecting surface of the round targets to face the background black body 21, so that third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the round targets, and second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the round targets to combine with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation standard black body 4 of the target infrared load 6 to the observation round target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 is adjusted, and gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern; and then, determining a minimum detectable temperature difference target value, and comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value with the minimum detectable temperature difference target value to realize the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation.
The system has reasonable and ingenious design, simulates a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space through the vacuum cabin 1, sends out first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference through the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2, receives the first infrared radiation through the collimation optical device 3, and sends the first infrared radiation to the target infrared load 6 after collimation treatment; by combining the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, radiation temperature calibration, temperature uniformity calibration, noise equivalent temperature difference calibration, minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6 are executed, so that calibration tracing of radiation temperature parameters is realized; the problems that radiation temperature parameters of an on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of test data cannot be assessed, and hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test are solved; the positions of the standard blackbody 4, the standard infrared radiometer and the light-transmitting target 23 can be respectively adjusted according to the calibration requirements by combining the first, second and third translation guide rails 51, namely, when the temperature parameter calibration is implemented by the target infrared load 6, the calibration precision can be greatly improved without moving or changing the orientation, and the consistency of the calibration environment among different parameters can be maintained.
It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing the association object, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, in computer software, or in a combination of the two, and that the elements and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices, or elements, or may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or a part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer system (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network system, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (9)
1. A low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system, comprising:
the vacuum cabin is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment;
the infrared temperature difference radiation emission device is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference;
the collimation optical device is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber and is used for receiving the first infrared radiation and transmitting the first infrared radiation to a target infrared load after collimation treatment so as to enable the target infrared load to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration;
the standard blackbody is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin and is used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load;
The infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device comprises:
a target assembly having a number of optically transmissive targets;
the background blackbody is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target;
the target blackbody is arranged corresponding to the back surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target;
the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the light-transmitting target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of optically transparent targets comprises at least a square target, a round target, a four-bar target.
3. The low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system of claim 1, wherein the collimating optics comprises:
the low-temperature collimator is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device, and the first infrared radiation is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator after being emitted from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator.
4. A low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system as defined in claim 3, wherein the collimating optics further comprise:
the two-dimensional oscillating mirror is arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device and the target infrared load respectively and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted by the collimating optical device after the collimating treatment on the target infrared load;
the vacuum is low Wen Zhuaitai, and the two-dimensional swing mirror is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature turntable and used for driving the two-dimensional swing mirror to rotate.
5. A method for calibrating parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation temperature, said method being calibrated using the calibration system of any one of claims 1-4, said method comprising:
acquiring a radiation temperature target value and a radiation temperature calibration value, wherein the radiation temperature target value is the radiation temperature of first infrared radiation emitted by a standard black body, and the radiation temperature calibration value is the radiation temperature measured by observing the first infrared radiation under the condition of target infrared load;
comparing the radiation temperature target value with a radiation temperature calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature of the target infrared load;
acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load;
Obtaining a standard deviation target value and a standard deviation calibration value, wherein the standard deviation target value is a target value calibrated by the standard deviation calibration value, and the standard deviation calibration value is the standard deviation of a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures;
comparing the standard deviation target value with a standard deviation calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load;
acquiring a noise equivalent temperature difference target value and a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, wherein the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration target value of the target infrared load, and the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is an equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body when the signal to noise ratio of an output signal of the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is 1 when the target infrared load observes a square target or a round target;
comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with a noise equivalent temperature difference target value;
and calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load.
6. The method for calibrating a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter according to claim 5, further comprising:
acquiring a minimum resolvable temperature difference target value and a minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background blackbody when the target infrared load observes a four-bar target;
Comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value with a minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating a minimum resolvable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
7. The method for calibrating a low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter according to claim 5, further comprising:
acquiring a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background blackbody when the target infrared load observes a circular target;
comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference target value with a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value;
and calibrating the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 when executing the computer program.
9. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores an executing computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method of any one of claims 5 to 7.
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