CN114353967A - Low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and calibration method - Google Patents
Low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system and a calibration method, wherein the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system comprises: the vacuum cooling chamber is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment; the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin corresponding to the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with set temperature difference; and the collimating optical device is arranged in the vacuum cabin and used for receiving the first infrared radiation, collimating the first infrared radiation and then transmitting the collimated first infrared radiation to the target infrared load so as to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration on the target infrared load. The problem of radiation temperature parameter in the on-orbit space difficult to calibrate, test data accuracy can't be appraised for infrared load low temperature infrared target detection capability test has produced the hidden danger is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of infrared load calibration of an on-orbit space, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating low-temperature vacuum low-temperature radiation temperature parameters.
Background
With the development of aerospace technology, the application of infrared loads has been expanded to near space and outer space, the systems include space reconnaissance systems, near space early warning systems, outer space infrared guiding striking systems, high-speed penetration weapon systems, satellite-borne infrared remote sensing systems and the like, and with the gradual improvement of the tactical performance requirements of the infrared loads, the calibration of radiation temperature parameters under the low-temperature vacuum condition has become an inevitable trend for further development of target infrared loads.
For an application environment of an orbit space of an orbit satellite, low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration is a basic and precondition for realizing high-performance indexes of an infrared load, and key technical indexes of the infrared load can be calibrated by calibrating radiation temperature parameters in ground simulation environments in the stages of design, engineering development, test and the like of the infrared load, so that the infrared load target identification capability is improved, and the method has very important significance for an early warning system, an outer space infrared guidance system, a high-speed penetration weapon guidance system and the like. In order to meet the technical indexes of relevant models, ultralow-temperature radiation temperature parameter calibration needs to be carried out on the device in an on-orbit space environment. The calibration state needs to be consistent with the actual working state of the space so as to ensure the effectiveness of calibration, accurately master the inversion coefficient of the infrared load and ensure the target identification precision.
However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application find that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:
in the radiation temperature parameters, besides radiation temperature and radiation temperature uniformity, calibration traceability of NETD (noise equivalent temperature difference), MRTD (minimum distinguishable temperature difference) and MDTD (minimum detectable temperature difference) is also important, but the current in-orbit space infrared load low-temperature radiation temperature parameter test system can only test the radiation temperature, the tests of NETD (noise equivalent temperature difference), MRTD (minimum distinguishable temperature difference) and MDTD (minimum detectable temperature difference) cannot be carried out even if the calibration traceability is carried out, the radiation temperature parameters in the orbit space are difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of test data cannot be evaluated, and therefore hidden danger is generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems that the radiation temperature parameter in the on-orbit space is difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of the test data cannot be evaluated, and the detection performance test of the infrared load low-temperature infrared target creates a hidden danger, the present invention is proposed to provide a calibration system and a calibration method for low-temperature vacuum low-temperature radiation temperature parameter, which overcome the above-mentioned problems or at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a calibration system for temperature parameters of low temperature vacuum irradiation, comprising: the vacuum cooling chamber is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment; the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin and used for emitting first infrared radiation with set temperature difference; and the collimating optical device is arranged in the vacuum cabin and used for receiving the first infrared radiation, collimating the first infrared radiation and then transmitting the collimated first infrared radiation to the target infrared load so as to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration on the target infrared load.
Preferably, the calibration system for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further comprises: and the standard blackbody is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin and used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the infrared thermal difference radiation emitting device includes: a target assembly having a plurality of light transmissive targets; the background black body is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target; the target black body is arranged corresponding to the back surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target; and the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the light-transmitting target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
Preferably, the plurality of transparent targets at least comprise a square target, a round target and a four-bar target.
Preferably, the collimating optics comprise: and the low-temperature collimator is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device, and the first infrared radiation is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator after being emitted from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator.
Preferably, the collimating optical device further comprises: the two-dimensional swing mirror is respectively arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device and the target infrared load and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted after the collimating optical device collimates on the target infrared load; and the two-dimensional swing mirror is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature rotary table and is used for driving the two-dimensional swing mirror to rotate.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for calibrating a temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum radiation, comprising:
acquiring a radiation temperature target value and a radiation temperature calibration value, wherein the radiation temperature target value is the radiation temperature of first infrared radiation emitted by a standard black body, and the radiation temperature calibration value is the radiation temperature measured by observing the first infrared radiation by a target infrared load;
comparing the radiation temperature target value with the radiation temperature calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature of the target infrared load;
acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load;
acquiring a standard deviation target value and a standard deviation calibration value, wherein the standard deviation target value is a target value for calibrating the standard deviation calibration value, and the standard deviation calibration value is the standard deviation of the radiation temperatures of a plurality of picture elements;
comparing the standard deviation target value with the standard deviation calibration value;
and calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
acquiring a noise equivalent temperature difference target value and a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, wherein the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a target value of noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is an equivalent temperature difference between second infrared radiation output by the target black body and third infrared radiation output by the background black body when the target infrared load observes the square target or the round target and the signal-to-noise ratio of an output signal of the target infrared load is 1;
comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with a noise equivalent temperature difference target value;
and calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
acquiring a minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value and a minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background black body when the target infrared load observes the four-bar target;
comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value with the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating the minimum resolvable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
acquiring a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of a positive temperature difference and a negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background black body when the circular target is observed by the target infrared load;
comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference target value with the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the calibration method of the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter as described above when executing the computer program.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for implementing the calibration method of the low temperature vacuum irradiation temperature parameter as described in any one of the above when the computer program is executed by a processor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is reasonable and ingenious in design, a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space is simulated through the vacuum cold cabin, first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference is emitted through the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device, and the first infrared radiation is received by the collimating optical device and is sent to a target infrared load after being collimated; by combining the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, the radiation temperature calibration, the temperature uniformity calibration, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load are executed, and the calibration traceability of the radiation temperature parameters is realized; the problem that potential hazards are generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test due to the fact that the radiation temperature parameters of the on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate and the accuracy of test data cannot be evaluated is solved; the first, second and third translation guide rails are combined, the positions of the standard black body, the standard infrared radiometer and the light-transmitting target can be respectively adjusted according to calibration requirements, namely, the target infrared load does not need to move or change the direction when temperature parameter calibration is carried out, the consistency of calibration environments among different parameters can be kept, and the calibration precision is greatly improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration system for temperature parameters of low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart A of a method for calibrating a temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart B of a method for calibrating a temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart C of a method for calibrating the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart D of a method for calibrating the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart E of a method for calibrating the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum irradiation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a calibration diagram of the temperature and temperature uniformity of the infrared load radiation of the target in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a calibration schematic diagram of calibration of equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference and minimum detectable temperature difference of target infrared load noise in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the calibration of the low temperature collimator in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a calibration diagram of the infrared standard radiometer in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a vacuum cooling chamber; 2. an infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device; 3. a collimating optical device; 4. a standard black body; 5. an infrared standard radiometer; 6. target infrared load; 7. calibrating the light path; 21. background black body; 22. a target black body; 23. a light-transmitting target; 24. a plane mirror; 31. a low temperature collimator; 32. a two-dimensional swing mirror; 33. a vacuum low-temperature turntable; 41. a first translation guide rail; 51. a third translation rail; 231. a second translation guide.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 is arranged in the vacuum cold cabin 1 and is used for emitting first infrared radiation with set temperature difference;
and the collimating optical device 3 is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber 1 corresponding to the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 and is used for receiving the first infrared radiation, collimating the first infrared radiation and emitting the collimated first infrared radiation to a target infrared load 6 so as to enable the target infrared load 6 to carry out noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration.
Specifically, the calibration system for the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameters is mainly applied to calibration of the infrared load low-temperature radiation temperature parameters of an in-orbit space, wherein the in-orbit space is an operation space of an orbit satellite; the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration system simulates a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space through the vacuum cold cabin 1; then, the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 emits first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference, the collimating optical device 3 receives the first infrared radiation and collimates the first infrared radiation to form a parallel radiation beam (hereinafter, the parallel radiation beam is referred to as a calibration light path 7) and then emits the parallel radiation beam to a target infrared load 6; due to the fact that the temperature difference is determined, the value is obtained by comparing the output signal of the target infrared load 6 and/or the output signal of the target infrared load 6 under a specific condition, and then the calibration of the infrared load can be implemented;
wherein the set temperature difference is artificially defined according to the radiation temperature parameter calibration requirement, so that when the subsequent target infrared load 6 is calibrated aiming at the parameter with high radiation temperature correlation, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load are realized.
Further, the vacuum cooling chamber 1 is: the simulation cabin can effectively shield the stray radiation of infrared and visible light to form a space simulation environment; various interfaces are arranged outside the simulation cabin to realize the connection with a vacuum pumping system, liquid nitrogen, a cable and a data line, so that the simulation of a low-temperature vacuum environment and the transmission of data are realized.
Preferably, the calibration system for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further comprises:
and the standard black body 4 is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin 1 and is used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the standard black body 4 may fill the entire field of view of the target infrared load 6, and the temperature thereof may be continuously varied between 150K and 250K to emit the second infrared radiation with stable temperature for the target infrared load 6 to perform the radiation temperature and temperature uniformity calibration. The standard black body 4 mainly includes: the device comprises a front support frame, a heat insulation layer, a radiation plate, a low-temperature sensor, a heating plate, a liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate, a refrigerating pipeline, a support, an auxiliary support and the like. The radiation plate and the front support frame are insulated and thermally insulated through the thermal insulation layer, so that heat loss and edge heat dissipation of the radiation plate caused by heat conduction are reduced, and the uniformity of a temperature field of a radiation surface is improved. The heating plate is adhered to the back face of the radiation plate through the low-temperature heat-conducting adhesive, the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate is installed behind the heating plate through screws, the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate is installed on the radiation plate through three rows and five columns of screws, and the radiation plate is locked by the front supporting frame and the radiation plate, so that the radiation plate, the heating plate and the liquid nitrogen cold plate are ensured to be in close contact and stressed uniformly, and the uniformity of the temperature field of the radiation plate is further improved. The inlet and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen refrigerating plate are directly welded with the corrugated pipe, and the other end of the corrugated pipe is led out of the vacuum cabin through a transition flange structure and is connected with an extra-cabin liquid nitrogen tank.
Further, the system further comprises a first translation guide rail 41, the first translation guide rail 41 is arranged corresponding to the calibration light path 7, the standard black body 4 is movably mounted on the first translation guide rail 41, two states of blocking the calibration light path 7 and unblocking the calibration light path 7 by the standard black body 4 can be switched by moving the standard black body 4, and when the radiation temperature and the radiation temperature uniformity are calibrated, the standard black body 4 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive second infrared radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and the calibration of the radiation temperature and the radiation temperature uniformity is realized; when the noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference are calibrated, the standard black body 4 is moved to not block the calibration light path 7, and the target infrared load 6 only can receive the calibration light path 7 output by the collimating optical device 3, so that the calibration of the noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference is realized;
in other words, when the target infrared load 6 is calibrated according to the temperature parameters, the position or the orientation of the target infrared load 6 does not need to be changed, and the reliability of the calibration can be ensured.
Preferably, the infrared thermal difference radiation emitting device 2 comprises:
a target assembly having a number of light transmissive targets 23;
the background black body 21 is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target 23 and is used for emitting third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target 23;
a target black body 22, which is disposed corresponding to the back surface of the transparent target 23 and is used for emitting a fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the transparent target 23;
wherein the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflective surface of the transparent target 23, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the transparent target 23 and combines with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
Specifically, the target black body 22 and the background black body 21 mainly include: black body radiation source, connecting cable, through-wall aviation plug, liquid nitrogen flow, temperature control system and the like. The radiation source is arranged in the vacuum tank, and provides an infrared radiation source with variable temperature and stable performance for the collimation optical system. The control cable is divided into an in-tank part and an out-tank part, and the electrical connection between the radiation source and the controller is realized through the wall-through navigation socket. The liquid nitrogen flow is adjusted by a low-temperature liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve, and the flow of the liquid nitrogen flow can be controlled, so that the refrigeration power of the high-low temperature black body can be controlled. The control system is arranged outside the vacuum cooling chamber 1, and can realize the temperature display and setting of the target black body 22/the background black body 21 through the controller; the target black body 22 has the same structure principle, and the main difference is that the target black body 22 and the background black body 21 output different radiation temperatures.
The target assembly comprises a plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 and a second translation guide rail 231, the second translation guide rail 231 is arranged between the background black body 21 and the target black body 22, the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 are movably mounted on the second translation guide rail 231, different light-transmitting targets 23 can be switched by moving the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23, the reflecting surface of the selected light-transmitting target 23 is aligned with third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surface of the selected light-transmitting target 23 is aligned with the target black body 22, so that the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target 23, and the fourth infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the light-transmitting target 23 and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference. Thereby realizing the output of the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference;
furthermore, different transparent targets 23 can be switched according to the calibration requirements of the calibration noise equivalent temperature difference, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference and the minimum detectable temperature difference.
In another preferred embodiment, the target assembly comprises four-bar targets, square targets, circular targets of different sizes.
Preferably, the collimating optical device 3 comprises: and the low-temperature collimator 31 is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2, and the first infrared radiation enters from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator 31 and then exits from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator 31.
Specifically, the focal length of the low temperature collimator 31 is 3m, the collimating optical device 3 further includes a plane mirror 24, the plane mirror 24 is placed at the focal plane of the low temperature collimator 31, and the first infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 is emitted from the focal plane of the low temperature collimator 31 and then emitted from the exit pupil of the low temperature collimator 31 through the plane mirror 24, so as to form infinite, clear, uniform, non-vignetting, and accurate temperature infrared radiation. Therefore, the first infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2 can be clearly, accurately and parallelly sent to the target infrared load, and the target infrared load can be calibrated for noise equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference and minimum detectable temperature difference; the influence of diffuse reflection on a calibration result is not required to be considered, so that the calibration of noise equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference and minimum detectable temperature difference in a low-temperature vacuum environment becomes possible, the calibration precision is improved, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the collimating optical device 3 further comprises: the two-dimensional swing mirror 32 is respectively arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device 3 and the target infrared load 6, and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted after the collimating optical device 3 collimates on the target infrared load 6; and the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 and is used for driving the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 to rotate.
Specifically, the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 is a two-axis rotary table, and the two-axis rotary table drives the two-dimensional swing mirror 32 to swing in two dimensions; on one hand, the calibration light path 7 emitted by the collimating optical device 3, namely the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31, is scanned to a target infrared load; on the other hand, the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 is scanned to an infrared standard radiometer described below, so that the calibration of the radiation temperature parameter of the target infrared load and the temperature calibration of the calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 before the calibration of the radiation temperature parameter are respectively realized, the temperature difference of the calibration light path 7 is ensured to be the same as the set temperature difference, and the calibration precision is improved.
Furthermore, the performance of the two-axis turntable can be greatly reduced in a vacuum low-temperature environment, a motor and a moving mechanism in the turntable need to be subjected to heat preservation treatment, multiple layers are covered outside the turntable after treatment, lubricating grease of a moving part cannot be used in the vacuum environment, and conventional vacuum grease cannot be used in the low-temperature environment. Therefore, in the embodiment, the molybdenum disulfide is used as the solid lubricant to be plated on the movement mechanism, so that the reliability is high and the maintenance is facilitated. In order to ensure the calibration accuracy, the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 selects a two-axis rotary table with the angle control accuracy of 10 ″; the two-axis turntable is arranged in the vacuum cold chamber 1 through a vibration isolation platform, and supporting legs of the two-axis turntable penetrate through the vibration isolation platform and the vacuum cold chamber 1 and are directly arranged on a vibration isolation foundation outside the system; and the supporting legs of the two-axis turntable are coated by a corrugated pipe to form a vacuum environment with the vacuum cooling chamber 1. The vibration isolation platform and the vibration isolation foundation are respectively made of vibration isolation materials or provided with vibration isolation springs.
Moreover, the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 is made of microcrystalline materials, the expansion coefficient of the microcrystalline materials is low, the surface deformation of the two-dimensional oscillating mirror is small in a low-temperature environment, in order to reduce the change of the surface type of the reflecting surface of the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 caused by the compression joint of the front surface when the two-dimensional oscillating mirror is fixed, a boss is machined at the rear part of the microcrystalline lens, the two-dimensional oscillating mirror is fixed on a fixing structure by using an adhesive, and the front surface of the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32, namely the reflecting surface, is guaranteed not to bear pressure; the surface of the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 is plated with a dielectric film, so that high reflectivity can be realized in a wave band of 8-12 microns, the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 is fixed on a vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 and moves along with the movement of the rotary table, namely, the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 can be matched with the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the simulation of a moving target in a certain range, and a calibration light path 7 emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 scans to a target infrared load; the scanning radiometer can be formed by matching with an infrared standard radiometer, and the radiation temperature of each direction emitted by the low-temperature collimator 31 is measured.
It should be noted that the calibration optical path 7 also includes a path that the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 scans to reflect the target infrared load 6.
Preferably, the plurality of transparent targets 23 at least include a square target, a circular target, and a four-bar target.
Specifically, the light-transmitting target 23 is made of red copper material, has high thermal conductivity and small heat capacity, and can generate a uniform temperature field, and the target is plated with a high-reflectivity gold film after being polished, so that the effective reflectivity of the target can reach 0.99, and the target reflects the radiation of the background black body 21 to form the low-temperature third infrared radiation; the back surface of the light-transmitting target 23 is opposite to the target black body 22, the back surface of the light-transmitting target 23 is also polished and covered by a plurality of layers of packages, so that the target black body 22 is prevented from being heated;
furthermore, the square target, the circular target and the four-bar target are different in that light holes with different shapes are formed in the back surface and the reflecting surface in a penetrating mode, and the light holes are square, circular and four-bar in shape respectively; the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is 1 when the target infrared load observes the square target or the round target; the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value is the average value of the positive temperature difference and the negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 by the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 when the target infrared load 6 observes the four-bar target; the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is the average value of the positive temperature difference and the negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the target infrared load 6 observes the round target and the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22; therefore, the plurality of transparent targets 23 at least comprise a square target, a round target and a four-bar target, so as to meet the calibration requirements of calibrating noise equivalent temperature difference, minimum distinguishable temperature difference and minimum detectable temperature difference.
In another preferred embodiment, the system further comprises: the infrared standard radiometer 5 and the third translation guide rail 51, the third translation guide rail 51 is arranged between the first translation guide rail 41 and the target infrared load, the infrared standard radiometer 5 is movably mounted on the third translation guide rail 51, that is, by moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third translation guide rail 51, the infrared standard radiometer 5 can be switched to block or not block the calibration light path 7, and the movement of the standard black body 4 is matched; before the infrared standard radiometer 5 is used, the standard black body 4 is moved to the blocking calibration light path 7, and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is moved to the blocking calibration light path 7, so that the infrared standard radiometer 5 is calibrated; when the calibration light path calibration device is used, the standard black body 4 is moved to not block the calibration light path 7, and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is moved to block the calibration light path 7, so that the calibration of the calibration light path 7 is realized. Therefore, the calibration precision of the radiation temperature parameters of the system used for the on-orbit space is greatly improved, and the problems that the radiation temperature parameters of the on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate, the accuracy of test data cannot be evaluated, and hidden dangers are generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test are solved.
Further, the infrared standard radiometer 5 is mainly composed of the following several main components: the system comprises an optical system, a modulator, a cold diaphragm, an infrared detector assembly, a modulation controller, a phase-locked amplifier and a data acquisition processing and controller. Also included are mechanical structures, system accessories, and the like. The modulator is arranged between the optical imaging system and the infrared detector assembly, modulates the detected light radiation, and has the functions of modulating direct-current light radiation into pulse light radiation and generating a synchronous signal as the synchronous input of the phase-locked amplifier. The infrared detector assembly is a unit infrared refrigeration detector, a liquid nitrogen refrigeration detector is selected, a preamplifier is arranged in the infrared detector assembly, the amplified signal is connected to a phase-locked amplifier, the phase-locked amplifier outputs the amplified signal after processing, and the amplified signal is stored by system software after data acquisition processing and controller acquisition processing and is used as final measurement data. In addition, in order to shield stray radiation, a cold diaphragm is designed in front of the infrared detector.
In addition, the system also comprises an optical platform for bearing all the components except the vacuum cooling cabin 1, the optical platform uses a stainless steel table top, the upper surface of the platform is provided with an M6 threaded hole, weight reduction treatment is carried out below the platform, and a plurality of temperature acquisition points are distributed on the platform, so that the temperature of the platform can be acquired in real time. Three invar steel plates are welded on the platform and used for positioning the collimator, and the surface of the platform is coated with high-emissivity black paint, so that the platform has high emissivity and absorptivity, and can eliminate stray light entering an optical system.
And because the precision requirement of this system is high, very sensitive to influences such as vibrations, in order to guarantee its normal work, therefore optical platform need carry out the vibration isolation design, and the platform itself need install on the vibration isolation foundation, and its support portion passes the vacuum bulkhead through the bellows, because the vacuum low temperature revolving stage 33 among the calibrating device also need fix on the vibration isolation foundation, consequently reserves the vacuum low temperature revolving stage 33 mounting hole in the optical platform.
Further, the system also comprises a temperature measurement and thermal control subsystem: the temperature monitoring device comprises a temperature detection component, and the temperature monitoring component mainly comprises three parts. In the process of returning temperature and pressure, the plane mirror 24 needs to be heated to near the normal temperature in advance to prevent the optical lens from being polluted; in order to ensure that the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 works normally under the vacuum low-temperature condition, the vacuum low-temperature rotary table 33 needs to be controlled within a certain temperature range, so that the locking phenomenon of a moving structure caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold under the vacuum low-temperature condition is avoided; therefore, the temperature of the mechanical support structure of the low-temperature collimator 31, the plane reflector 24 and the infrared standard radiometer 5 is monitored in real time, the temperature field distribution of the low-temperature optical-mechanical structure is obtained, and whether the system reaches thermal balance or not is determined. The reliability of the system for calibrating the radiation temperature parameter is improved.
In addition, the target black body 22, the background black body 21 and the standard black body 4 adopt a graded refrigeration mode.
After a plurality of tests, the technical indexes of the system are as follows: calibrating the wave band: 8-12 μm; radiation temperature calibration range: 150K to 25 OK; radiation temperature measurement uncertainty: 0.5K; radiation temperature uniformity measurement uncertainty: 0.5K; NETD measurement uncertainty: 20 Mk; MRTD measurement uncertainty: 30 Mk; MDTD measurement uncertainty: 30 Mk.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a calibration method for a low temperature vacuum irradiation temperature parameter, including:
specifically, according to a calibration expression for radiation temperature:
Tz＝TB
in the formula, TBFor the radiant temperature target value: the radiation temperature of the emitted first infrared radiation is generally set artificially according to the calibration requirement; t iszCalibration values for radiation temperature: the radiation temperature of the first infrared radiation emitted by the standard black body 4; so that the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 can be performed by directly receiving the first infrared radiation emitted from the standard black body 4;
specifically, in this embodiment, the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved, and the state in which the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7 is switched, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and thus the radiation temperature calibration value can be directly adjusted according to the radiation temperature target value, and the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 is realized.
301, acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load 6;
when the step is implemented, the standard deviation calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the average value of the radiation temperatures of the n image elements is obtained; t isiIs the radiation temperature of the nth pixel.
and step 304, calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6 refers to the temperature uniformity degree at different positions in the same time, so that the standard deviation of the radiation temperatures of a plurality of pixels can be obtained by sampling the signal output of different pixels of the target infrared load 6, namely the radiation temperatures of the plurality of pixels (the radiation temperatures measured by the different pixels of the target infrared load 6); the standard deviation target value is a target value for calibrating the standard deviation calibration value, which means that when the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared radiation is calibrated to a target level, the standard deviation of the radiation temperature measured by different pixels of the target infrared radiation should be the same as the standard deviation target value; that is, when the standard deviation target value is determined, the calibration of the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6 can be realized by comparing the standard deviation target value with the standard deviation calibration value. Wherein, the standard deviation target value is generally set artificially according to the calibration requirement.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved, and the standard black body 4 is switched to the state in which the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and thus the standard deviation calibration value of the target infrared load 6 can be adjusted according to the standard deviation target value and the standard deviation calibration value, and temperature uniformity calibration of the target infrared load 6 is achieved.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
when the step is implemented, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, VSAnd VnVoltage values of a signal output by the target infrared load 6 and output noise are respectively, and NETD is noise equivalent temperature difference; in addition, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6, i.e. the ratio of the peak value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 to the root mean square of the noise signal of the target infrared load 6, is 1.
and 403, calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load 6.
Specifically, the noise equivalent temperature difference is also referred to as thermal sensitivity, i.e., the minimum temperature difference that the target infrared load 6 can detect; therefore, the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is 1 can be obtained by adjusting the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load; the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a target value for calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, and means that when the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared radiation is calibrated to a target level, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value of the target infrared radiation is the same as the noise equivalent temperature difference target value; that is, when the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is determined, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with the noise equivalent temperature difference target value. Wherein, the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is generally set artificially according to the calibration requirement.
Further, the calculation process of the voltage value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 and the voltage value of the output noise of the target infrared load 6 is as follows: the radiation power received by the target infrared load 6 is firstly solved, then the difference of the receiving power caused by the temperature difference of the second infrared radiation and the third infrared radiation is solved, and then the voltage variation and the signal-to-noise ratio of the target infrared load 6 are solved, so that the voltage value of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 and the voltage value of the output noise of the target infrared load 6 are solved.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved to a state where the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the square target/circular target is aligned to the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, and the back surface of the square target/circular target is aligned to the target black body 22, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the square target/circular target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the square target/circular target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the standard black body 4 to the observation of the square target or the round target by the target infrared load 6; at this time, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is adjusted, so that the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 can be obtained when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is 1; and then determining the noise equivalent temperature difference target value, and realizing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation by comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with the noise equivalent temperature difference target value.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
when the step is implemented, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula,. DELTA.T1A positive temperature difference observed for the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; delta T2A negative temperature difference observed for the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; MRTD is the minimum distinguishable temperature difference;
Specifically, the minimum resolvable temperature difference is an important parameter for comprehensively evaluating the temperature resolution and the spatial resolution of the target infrared load 6. It is defined as: the standard stripe pattern for a four stripe blackbody target with an aspect ratio of 1 to 7 at a certain spatial frequency in a uniform blackbody background is observed by the observer on the display screen for an infinitely long time. When the temperature difference between the target and the background gradually increases from zero to the point that the observer confirms that the target pattern of the four strips can be distinguished, the temperature difference between the target and the background becomes the minimum distinguishable temperature difference under the spatial frequency; the target refers to the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22, and the background refers to the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; that is, when the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is determined, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value are compared to realize the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation. Wherein the noise minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value is generally set artificially according to the calibration requirement.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved to a state where the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the four-bar target is aligned to the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surface of the four-bar target is aligned to the target black body 22, so that the second infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the four-bar target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the four-bar target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the target infrared load 6 on the standard black body 4 to the observation on the four-bar target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 is adjusted to gradually increase from zero until the target pattern of the four bands can be recognized by the observer; therefore, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum resolvable temperature difference, and then the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value is determined, so that the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value with the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value.
Preferably, the calibration method for the temperature parameter of the low-temperature vacuum radiation further includes:
601, obtaining a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, where the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of a positive temperature difference and a negative temperature difference observed in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the target infrared load 6 observes a circular target;
when the step is implemented, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula,. DELTA.T1A positive temperature difference observed for the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; delta T2A negative temperature difference observed for the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 in the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21; MDTD is the minimum detectable temperature difference;
Specifically, the minimum detectable temperature difference is an important parameter for estimating the detectability of the target load for observing the point source target, and is obtained by taking the concept of the noise equivalent temperature difference and the minimum distinguishable temperature difference into consideration. The minimum detectable temperature difference is still defined by the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation and the third infrared radiation when the observer can just distinguish the target pattern, in the same observation mode as the minimum distinguishable temperature difference. But the smallest detectable temperature difference observes a single circular object, and the size of the circle is adjustable; that is, the target load is adjusted to view the circular target, and when the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is determined, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value with the minimum detectable temperature difference target value. Wherein the target value of the minimum detectable temperature difference is generally set artificially according to the calibration requirement.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41 is moved to a state where the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the circular target is aligned with the background black body 21, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the circular target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the circular target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the standard black body 4 to the observation of the round target by the target infrared load 6; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 is adjusted, and the temperature difference gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern; therefore, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum detectable temperature difference, and then the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is determined, so that the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation can be realized by comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value with the minimum detectable temperature difference target value.
In another preferred implementation scenario, before obtaining the noise equivalent temperature difference target value, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value/obtaining the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value, the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value/obtaining the minimum detectable temperature difference target value, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, the temperature difference of the calibration optical path 7 needs to be calibrated:
by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7; moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, and switching to a state that the infrared standard radiometer 5 receives the calibration light path 7; at this time, only the output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5 needs to be collected, and then the output signal is compared with the set temperature difference of the first infrared radiation, so that the calibration of the calibration light path 7 can be completed. Wherein, the calibration of the calibration light path 7 is the calibration of the low temperature collimator 31.
Further, before calibrating the calibration light path 7 by the infrared standard radiometer 5, the infrared standard radiometer needs to be calibrated:
by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7; and moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, enabling the standard black body 4 to cover the whole view field of the infrared standard radiometer 5 and provide standard infrared radiation, collecting and processing an output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5, and comparing the output signal with the standard infrared radiation to finish the calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the calibration method of the low temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter as described above when executing the computer program.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for implementing the calibration method of the low temperature vacuum irradiation temperature parameter as described in any one of the above when the computer program is executed by a processor.
Further, the invention also provides a simple and easy embodiment 2, which combines a radiation temperature calibration system and a radiation temperature calibration method to calibrate the temperature parameters of the target infrared load 6 in the on-orbit space;
firstly, the calibration light path 7 includes a path that the low-temperature collimator 31 receives the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference and outputs the first infrared radiation after collimation processing, and a path that the two-dimensional oscillating mirror 32 reflects and scans the first infrared radiation to the target infrared load 6.
Calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5 was carried out: moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7, moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, enabling the standard black body 4 to cover the whole view field of the infrared standard radiometer 5 and provide standard infrared radiation, collecting and processing an output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5, comparing the output signal with the standard infrared radiation, and completing the calibration of the infrared standard radiometer 5;
calibration of the calibration light path 7 is performed: moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7; moving the position of the infrared standard radiometer 5 on the third guide rail, moving the infrared standard radiometer 5 into the calibration light path 7, and switching to a state that the infrared standard radiometer 5 receives the calibration light path 7; collecting an output signal of the infrared standard radiometer 5, and comparing the output signal with a set temperature difference of first infrared radiation to finish calibration of the calibration light path 7;
a radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6 is performed: moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can only receive the radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, and directly adjusting the radiation temperature calibration value according to the radiation temperature target value to realize the radiation temperature calibration of the target infrared load 6;
calibrating and calibrating the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load 6, setting a standard deviation target value, switching to a state that the standard black body 4 blocks the calibration light path 7 by moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive radiation emitted by the standard black body 4, sampling signal outputs of different pixels of the target infrared load 6, namely, a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures (radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load 6), and acquiring the standard deviation of the pixel radiation temperatures; adjusting the standard deviation calibration value of the target infrared load 6 according to the standard deviation target value and the standard deviation calibration value to finish temperature uniformity calibration of the target infrared load 6;
performing noise equivalent temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a noise equivalent temperature difference target value, and switching to a state that the standard blackbody 4 does not block the calibration light path 7 by moving the position of the standard blackbody 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the square target/circular target is aligned to the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, and the back surface of the square target/circular target is aligned to the target black body 22, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the square target/circular target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the square target/circular target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the standard black body 4 to the observation of the square target or the round target by the target infrared load 6; at this time, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the target infrared load 6 is adjusted to obtain the equivalent temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output by the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output by the background black body 21 when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal is 1; comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with the noise equivalent temperature difference target value to realize noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of target infrared radiation;
carrying out minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value, moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the four-bar target is aligned to the second infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21, the back surface of the four-bar target is aligned to the target black body 22, so that the second infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the four-bar target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the four-bar target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the target infrared load 6 on the standard black body 4 to the observation on the four-bar target; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 is adjusted to gradually increase from zero until the target pattern of the four bands can be recognized by the observer; therefore, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value can be calculated according to the formula of the minimum distinguishable temperature difference, and the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value are compared to realize the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation.
Carrying out minimum detectable temperature difference calibration on target infrared radiation, setting a minimum detectable temperature difference target value, moving the position of the standard black body 4 on the first translation guide rail 41, and switching to a state that the standard black body 4 does not block the calibration light path 7, so that the target infrared load 6 can receive the calibration light path 7; by moving the positions of the plurality of light-transmitting targets 23 on the second guide rail, the reflecting surface of the circular target is aligned with the background black body 21, so that the third infrared radiation emitted by the background black body 21 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the circular target, the second infrared radiation emitted by the target black body 22 passes through the circular target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference, and the first infrared radiation is collimated by the low-temperature collimator 31 to form the calibration light path 7; thereby realizing the state switching from the observation of the standard black body 4 to the observation of the round target by the target infrared load 6; at this time, the temperature difference between the second infrared radiation output from the target black body 22 and the third infrared radiation output from the background black body 21 is adjusted, and the temperature difference gradually increases from zero until the observer can recognize the target pattern; therefore, the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is calculated according to the formula of the minimum detectable temperature difference, then the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is determined, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value and the minimum detectable temperature difference target value are compared to realize the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared radiation.
The system is reasonable and ingenious in design, a low-temperature vacuum environment which is the same as an on-orbit space is simulated through the vacuum cold cabin 1, first infrared radiation with a set temperature difference is emitted through the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device 2, and the first infrared radiation is received by the collimating optical device 3 and is sent to the target infrared load 6 after being collimated; by combining the low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameter calibration method, the radiation temperature calibration, the temperature uniformity calibration, the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration, the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load 6 are executed, and the calibration traceability of the radiation temperature parameters is realized; the problem that potential hazards are generated in the infrared load low-temperature infrared target detection performance test due to the fact that the radiation temperature parameters of the on-orbit space are difficult to calibrate and the accuracy of test data cannot be evaluated is solved; by combining the first, second and third translation guide rails 51, the positions of the standard black body 4, the standard infrared radiometer and the transparent target 23 can be respectively adjusted according to the calibration requirement, that is, the target infrared load 6 does not need to move or change the orientation when implementing temperature parameter calibration, so that the consistency of the calibration environment among different parameters can be maintained, and the calibration precision can be greatly improved.
It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relation describing an associated object, and means that three kinds of relations may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer system (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network system) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A calibration system for temperature parameters of low temperature vacuum radiation, comprising:
the vacuum cooling chamber is used for simulating a low-temperature vacuum environment;
the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin and used for emitting first infrared radiation with set temperature difference;
and the collimating optical device is arranged in the vacuum cabin and used for receiving the first infrared radiation, collimating the first infrared radiation and then transmitting the collimated first infrared radiation to the target infrared load so as to perform noise equivalent temperature difference calibration and/or minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration and/or minimum detectable temperature difference calibration on the target infrared load.
2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the standard blackbody is arranged in the vacuum cooling cabin and used for emitting second infrared radiation with stable temperature so as to calibrate the radiation temperature and the temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the infrared thermal differential radiation emitting device comprises:
a target assembly having a plurality of light transmissive targets;
the background black body is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting third infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target;
the target black body is arranged corresponding to the back surface of the light-transmitting target and is used for emitting fourth infrared radiation with stable temperature to the light-transmitting target;
and the third infrared radiation is reflected by the reflecting surface of the light-transmitting target, and the fourth infrared radiation passes through the light-transmitting target and is combined with the third infrared radiation to form the first infrared radiation with the set temperature difference.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of transparent targets comprises at least one of a square target, a circular target, and a four-bar target.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the collimating optics comprise:
and the low-temperature collimator is arranged corresponding to the output end of the infrared temperature difference radiation emitting device, and the first infrared radiation is emitted from the exit pupil of the low-temperature collimator after being emitted from the focal plane of the low-temperature collimator.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the collimating optics further comprise:
the two-dimensional swing mirror is respectively arranged corresponding to the collimating optical device and the target infrared load and is used for scanning the first infrared radiation emitted after the collimating optical device collimates on the target infrared load;
and the two-dimensional swing mirror is movably arranged on the vacuum low-temperature rotary table and is used for driving the two-dimensional swing mirror to rotate.
7. A method for calibrating low-temperature vacuum radiation temperature parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a radiation temperature target value and a radiation temperature calibration value, wherein the radiation temperature target value is the radiation temperature of first infrared radiation emitted by a standard black body, and the radiation temperature calibration value is the radiation temperature measured by observing the first infrared radiation by a target infrared load;
comparing the radiation temperature target value with the radiation temperature calibration value;
calibrating the radiation temperature of the target infrared load;
acquiring a plurality of pixel radiation temperatures, wherein the pixel radiation temperatures are radiation temperatures measured by different pixels of the target infrared load;
acquiring a standard deviation target value and a standard deviation calibration value, wherein the standard deviation target value is a target value for calibrating the standard deviation calibration value, and the standard deviation calibration value is the standard deviation of the radiation temperatures of a plurality of picture elements;
comparing the standard deviation target value with the standard deviation calibration value;
and calibrating the radiation temperature uniformity of the target infrared load.
8. The method for calibrating the temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum radiation according to claim 7, further comprising:
acquiring a noise equivalent temperature difference target value and a noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value, wherein the noise equivalent temperature difference target value is a target value of noise equivalent temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value is an equivalent temperature difference between second infrared radiation output by the target black body and third infrared radiation output by the background black body when the target infrared load observes the square target or the round target and the signal-to-noise ratio of an output signal of the target infrared load is 1;
comparing the noise equivalent temperature difference calibration value with a noise equivalent temperature difference target value;
and calibrating the noise equivalent temperature difference of the target infrared load.
9. The method for calibrating the temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum radiation according to claim 7, further comprising:
acquiring a minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value and a minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum distinguishable temperature difference target value is a target value of minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum distinguishable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of positive temperature difference and negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background black body when the target infrared load observes the four-bar target;
comparing the minimum resolvable temperature difference target value with the minimum resolvable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating the minimum resolvable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
10. The method for calibrating the temperature parameter of low-temperature vacuum radiation according to claim 7, further comprising:
acquiring a minimum detectable temperature difference target value and a minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value, wherein the minimum detectable temperature difference target value is a target value of the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration of the target infrared load, and the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value is an average value of a positive temperature difference and a negative temperature difference observed in third infrared radiation output by a background black body when the circular target is observed by the target infrared load;
comparing the minimum detectable temperature difference target value with the minimum detectable temperature difference calibration value;
calibrating the minimum detectable temperature difference of the target infrared load.
11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements the method of calibrating a temperature parameter of cryogenic vacuum radiation according to any one of claims 7 to 10.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores an executable computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the method for calibrating a temperature parameter of cryogenic vacuum radiation according to any one of claims 7 to 10.
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