CN101476844B - Calibration method and standard target plate for carrier optoelectronic series on-site dynamic self-calibration - Google Patents
Calibration method and standard target plate for carrier optoelectronic series on-site dynamic self-calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476844B CN101476844B CN2008102326185A CN200810232618A CN101476844B CN 101476844 B CN101476844 B CN 101476844B CN 2008102326185 A CN2008102326185 A CN 2008102326185A CN 200810232618 A CN200810232618 A CN 200810232618A CN 101476844 B CN101476844 B CN 101476844B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a common calibration method and a standard target plate used for in-situ dynamic multi-band multi-optical axis self calibration and imaging quality evaluation of carrier photoelectric series. The standard target plate consists of a standard target plate provided with an array pattern which is made of laser-induced instantaneous luminescent and heating materials, a standard distance simulator and a laser guider. When local laser (or laser emitted by other machines) of a carrier photoelectric system is irradiated on the standard target plate, instantaneous radiation is generated, and the photoelectric system receives and analyzes images of instantaneous radiation signals, and can obtain the coordinate (the coordinate of an aiming point) of a cross dividing center in a receiving visual field on the standard target plate, so that optical-axis self calibration and imaging quality evaluation are realized. The calibration method and the standard target plate can perform zero-position calibration on carrier photoelectric series rotating tables, and can also evaluate the distance measurement performance of a laser range finder. Moreover, the standard target plate can calibrate various parameters of the photoelectric system at a time without requiring precise aiming of the photoelectric system, and has a simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to generic calibration method and standard target plate that a kind of carrier optoelectronic series dynamic self-calibration uses, relate generally to a kind of carrier optoelectronic system for field and dynamically carry out the standard target plate of many optical axises of multiband self calibration and evaluation of imaging quality, relate in particular to the standard target plate that a kind of optoelectronic series with laser transmitter carries out quick on-the-spot optical axis self calibration and Performance Evaluation.
Technical background
Fast development along with precision Guidance Technique, the application of electro-optical system in the military and civilian product is more and more, especially set laser, infrared, visible light, TV, low-light are widely used on optoelectronic monitoring/Reconnaissance system, photoelectric follow-up and the laser compact system of the many optical axises of multiband of one and their photoelectric platform that is integrated in all kinds of purposes thereof, and the comprehensive function usefulness that improves carrier system has been played important function.For the carrier with a plurality of electro-optical systems, the electro-optical system of the many optical axises of multiband and each electro-optical system optical axis thereof, the axiality of its optical axis will directly have influence on the maximum operating range of carrier optoelectronic system, therefore it is one of important technical indicator, and can carry out objective and estimate accurately the axiality of each optical axis, be be related to this class electro-optical system can adjustment to the prerequisite that satisfies its axiality war skill index, be also to realize synergistic prerequisite between each electro-optical system.Image quality during the on-the-spot dynamic duty of electro-optical system directly has influence on correct investigation and identification to the effect target, is therefore also one of important technical indicator.In the search process to target, therefore the found probability correlation of the sample rate of electro-optical system detector and target is also one of important technology index of estimating the electro-optical system performance to the capture ability of fast blink target.The range capability of the range finder using laser of carrier optoelectronic system is also one of important technical indicator.
Laser is the active role part of multiband, many optical axises electro-optical system.When at present many optical axises of multiband electro-optical system being carried out the adjustment of light shaft coaxle degree, all generally as reference axis with laser beam axis, namely with Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation be positioned on the focal plane school axle target and according to other optical axis of laser spot position adjustment, when this method is used for the on-the-spot detection of dynamic of carrier, operation easier is very large.In the carrier duty, usually due to the rocking of carrier, the optical axis calibrator of a plurality of electro-optical systems adopts the star method of taking aim at that aims at simultaneously certain celestial body, when this method only is suitable for ceiling and visibility unlimited (CAVU); The optical axis accurate calibration of realizing a plurality of electro-optical systems carrier need to be sling fixing after, accurately aim at the cross-graduation center of a certain carrier special-purpose school axle target, carry out optical axis calibrator, this method wastes time and energy.Along with the development of laser technology, superpower laser and repetitive frequency laser are applied to photoelectricity investigation, photoelectric tracking and laser suppression system more and more.For the electro-optical system that adopts superpower laser; if on the employing focal plane, the method for hot spot position regulation is carried out the optical axis correction; often can introduce distortion because of the laser damage threshold serious ablation phenomen of low appearance and the laser attenuator assembly of focal plane; this will have influence on shape, size and the position of laser facula; finally have influence on the adjusting accuracy of each optical axis, simultaneously not easy to operate at the carrier field calibration.And for the electro-optical system that adopts repetitive frequency laser, during due to the continuous laser of launching, there is certain drift in the laser beam axis direction, thereby the spot center of a row laser pulse of getting on the focal plane distributes and to be sporadophyric, has reduced the correction accuracy of optical axis.In addition, carrier during movement can cause optics and support deformation thereof to the active force of electro-optical system, causes light shaft coaxle degree and image quality to reduce.Therefore, need to carry out on-site dynamic self-calibration.
US Patent No. 6734448B2 (Methed and apparatus for boresighting alaser with a forward looking infrared device) discloses a kind of method for laser instrument and forward looking infrared optical axis calibrator and school axle target.This method adopts at focal plane polishing spot, can not be adapted to on-the-spot dynamic optical axis calibration.
US Patent No. 5838014 (Laser beam boresighting apparatus) discloses a kind of laser school axle target of being made by hot target material.The target surface of this school axle target is made of materials at two layers, and the ground floor material is anisotropic lower thermal conductivity spectrum transition material, and second layer material has been the high heat conductance absorbing material of heat sink effect.The major defect that this school axle target exists is: target surface is whole block material, causes hot spot to increase after its thermal diffusion; The thermal conductivity of spectrum transition material is lower, can not realize variations in temperature fast, when getting ready with the repetition rate laser pulse, the phenomenon that a plurality of luminous points can't be distinguished can occur, and has influence on the computational accuracy of automatic school axle datum mark.
Existing electro-optical system calibration and assessment method of testing have only been considered the impact of space factor, calibration when being generally carrier static state and staring, not relating to carrier calibrates during instantaneous search at the volley, do not relate to electro-optical system at the characteristic evaluation of spectral domain and time-domain, more do not consider each detection system result of detection whether synchronously.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is that system provides a kind of on-site dynamic self-calibration measuring method for carrier optoelectronic.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve be, for the many optical axises that carry out many optical axises of the dynamic multiband of carrier optoelectronic series proofread and correct provide a kind of adopt that composite consists of have a laser light-emitting function self calibration standard target plate.
The 3rd technical problem that the present invention will solve is, the carrier dynamic optical axis calibration problem that the standard target plate that provides not only can solve, but also provide the time dependent pattern with master scale with different spectrum to carry out the self calibration standard target plate of the imaging quality assessment of spectral domain and time-domain.
The 4th technical problem that the present invention will solve be, the standard target plate that provides not only can solve dynamic school axle and imaging quality assessment, but also the self calibration standard target plate of range capability that can alignment light electric system range finder using laser.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention includes on-site dynamic self-calibration method, standard target plate, gauged distance simulator, the laser designator of electro-optical system.
the on-site dynamic self-calibration method of described electro-optical system is: some standard target plate cloth become a battle array, the long-pending laser possibility radiation areas that are calibrated electro-optical system that cover of this front, when the machine laser (or other machine Emission Lasers) irradiation of carrier optoelectronic system to the different object planes of standard target plate, the transient-radiation effect that produces is different, the laser of electro-optical system, infrared, visible-light detector receives the image of this instantaneous radiation signal, time dependent pattern with master scale with different spectrum is provided, the brightness temporal evolution of this image, analyze the corresponding relation of this image and standard target plate epigraph, in the acquisition field of view of receiver, the cross-graduation center is at the coordinate at standard target plate place, it is the coordinate of aiming point, calculate and obtain this coordinate and laser spot center coordinate, compare with the analysis of carrier optoelectronic system's self-position parameter and kinematic parameter, multiband many optical axis self calibration and the evaluation of imaging quality of realization to electro-optical system.Same method is realized the zero adjustment to the carrier optoelectronic series turntable.
Described standard target plate comprises substrate, can send instantaneous visible light and different-waveband infrared and consist of multiple display material, gauged distance simulator, the diaphragm of certain pattern under laser emission.Its technical characteristics is, substrate is thermal insulation board, and substrate is provided with the square formation of m * m through hole; Multiple display material comprises and shows powder and be attached to the hole wall of substrate and the demonstration film on positive and negative, show that film is low heat capacity and the good material of heat conduction, and be connected by the front and back of the heat conducting film on hole wall with substrate, show that film is different with line weight with groove and size at substrate front surface composition rule pattern, the distribution of described regular pattern on target surface has certain target signature; Described demonstration film can be selected the various metals film, and pattern and lines surfaces be lambertian, and consists of the unit to the different radiating rates of laser-induced heating in the front, and the back side is whole is metal film; Show that powder is filled in through hole, the demonstration powder can be selected the material of infrared laser being realized the wavelength conversion.Diaphragm adopts the transparent plastic foil of laser, visible light and infrared light, and diaphragm sticks on two surfaces of substrate.Hole dot matrix, demonstration film figure and groove consist of the master scale chi.
Described gauged distance simulator comprises some to GRIN Lens, some gauged distance optical fiber and FC interface and connection bracket thereof.All on the focus of GRIN Lens, also can adopt an end is the gauged distance optical fiber of total reflection end face to the I/O end of described gauged distance optical fiber, is used for the simulated laser propagation in atmosphere, to time delay and the peak power decay of laser pulse.The optical axis of described GRIN Lens is positive vertical with substrate, and the I/O end of described gauged distance optical fiber is positioned on the focus of GRIN Lens, and described FC interface and connection bracket thereof are used for being connected of gauged distance optical fiber and GRIN Lens.The length of described gauged distance optical fiber is decided according to the range finder using laser test request of tested electro-optical system; Described several gauged distance simulators are distributed in side by side by certain position on the substrate of standard target plate, each unit at the area that occupies on target surface much smaller than measured laser hot spot on target surface.The I/O end face of described GRIN Lens has also been simulated the optical window of electro-optical system.
Described laser designator comprises the laser instrument, Transmission Fibers, the GRIN Lens that send visible light.The optical axis of described GRIN Lens is positive vertical with substrate, described Transmission Fibers is used for Laser Transmission that laser instrument sends to the focus of GRIN Lens, and the output beam of laser is calibrated electro-optical system and enters in this Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation zone, can to the standard target plate Emission Lasers, carry out self calibration.When the cooperation detector is arranged, also can adopt other long wavelength lasers.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
(1) standard target plate of the present invention is simple in structure, with low cost, can large tracts of land structure the formation, and electro-optical system need not accurately to aim at, and has solved carrier and has adopted at the volley cross-graduation to stare the aiming difficult problem.
(2) the present invention has adopted the difference of laser light-emitting dot matrix, laser-induced heating to show the master scale chi that film figure consists of, and by the instantaneous picture that electro-optical system receives, obtains the instantaneous coordinate of aiming point.
(3) the present invention has adopted the demonstration film that laser light-emitting dot matrix, laser-induced generate heat, these materials are the quick responsive materials of laser emission, by real-time radiation visible light and infrared light after Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation, and the sunset glow time of the visible light of radiation and infrared light is short, the TV of electro-optical system and infrared imaging system can receive in real time, the holder shadow that receives image is few, is beneficial to the computer graphics data that carries out figure and processes, and realizes quick self calibration.
(4) the present invention adopts regular pattern and groove and the distribution thereof that multiple display material consists of, make the laser-induced radiation image have multiband, many brightness, a plurality of spatial resolution, a plurality of sunset glow time, be methodically arranged, the information when being convenient to self calibration observation personnel and image processing is separated out.Realize simultaneously the photoelectric target simulation of complex background, especially be fit to the Performance Evaluation to photoelectricity active searching system.
(5) the present invention has adopted the standard target plate with GRIN Lens and gauged distance simulator, makes the calibration of carrier optoelectronic systematic optical axis and the calibration of range finder using laser range capability once complete.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the partial structurtes of standard target plate of the present invention form schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the part sectioned view of standard target plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 contains the single electro-optical system on-site dynamic self-calibration of carrier of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 contains carrier optoelectronic series on-site dynamic self-calibration schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
According to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise substrate 1, pattern 2, gauged distance simulator 3, diaphragm 4, laser designator 5.The substrate 1 of this preferred embodiment is printed circuit board, and specification is 400 * 400 * 5mm, the square formation of m * m φ amm through hole on substrate 1, and pitch of holes is 2amm.The pattern 2 of this preferred embodiment is made of multiple display material 20, comprises showing powder 21, demonstration film 23, demonstration film 24, demonstration film 25, heat conducting film 22, heat dissipation film 26, is metal film, can be copper film, can also be the nickel film; Show that film 23 is the donuts centered by through hole, this donut is connected with backside heat film 26 by heat conducting film on hole wall 22, after laser irradiation, shows that the radiating rate of film 23 is fast; Show that film 24 is the donut that is not connected with the back side, radiating rate is relatively slow.The donut of adjacent through-holes is respectively and shows film 23,24.Diamond-shaped area between four adjacent through-holes is for showing film 25, and the acutance of rhombus picture can directly parse the resolution ratio of electro-optical system in the visual field of electro-optical system.Show that film and heat dissipation film all carry out hacking and process, make its surface form lambertian.Show that powder 21 is up-conversion.Show the dot matrix that powder 21 consists of and show that film 23,24,25 pattern 2 arrays form the master scale chi of electro-optical systems.
Fig. 2 is the profile of standard target plate, has provided working light path and the cross-section structure of laser.The diameter of GRIN Lens 31 is decided according to being calibrated the minimum detectivity of electro-optical system Emission Lasers power density and laser, its optical axis is positioned at the center of certain through hole, the optical axis of GRIN Lens 31 and positive vertical with substrate 1 are fastened on substrate 1 by connector 35 at the back side of substrate 1; Seat and the connector 35 of FC interface 32 are fastenedly connected, and guarantee that the input/output end of the FC interface 32 of gauged distance optical fiber 33 is positioned on the focus of GRIN Lens 31.Gauged distance optical fiber 34 is that an end is the optical fiber of completely reflecting mirror.Described gauged distance optical fiber 33 is used for the simulated laser propagation in atmosphere, to time delay and the peak power decay of laser pulse.Transmission Fibers 51 imports indication laser in a GRIN Lens 31, exports a branch of laser beam perpendicular to substrate 1, is used for being calibrated the position guiding of electro-optical system.
Fig. 3 has adopted the on-the-spot dynamic self calibration schematic diagram of the single electro-optical system of carrier of the present invention.The below further sets forth measuring method of the present invention take this calibration process as example.Substrate 1 of the present invention is structured the formation and with its plate face vertical hanging, it is regional that electro-optical system enters indication laser irradiation, the thick a series of laser pulses of standard target plate emission that aim at, and the unlatching photoelectric receiving system receives visible light, infrared light, the laser image of laser-induced radiation, the TV of visible light sensitivity is obtained to show the some face system of battle formations picture of powder 21, infrared light activated thermal imaging system is obtained to show the donut of film, the face system of battle formations picture with a fixed difference difference that rhombus consists of.Position and the resolution data analysis of each face system of battle formations picture in the visual field by a series of corresponding laser pulses, the cross-graduation center that obtains each optical axis of electro-optical system is at the coordinate of standard target plate place aiming point, obtain axiality and the image quality data of each optical axis of electro-optical system in conjunction with the analysis of the mutual alignment coordinate of carrier optoelectronic system and motion state, carry out respective electrical cross automatic calibration or micrometric displacement and manually adjust calibration.
Fig. 4 has adopted carrier optoelectronic series on-site dynamic self-calibration schematic diagram of the present invention.The below further sets forth measuring method of the present invention take this calibration process as example.The measuring process of carrier optoelectronic series is as follows:
1. substrate 1 of the present invention structured the formation and with its plate face vertical hanging, first each electro-optical system calibrated according to the described method of Fig. 3;
2. orientation/the pitching with each electro-optical system turntable is arranged on identical angular coordinate;
3. will be wherein certain electro-optical system enter indication laser irradiation zone, slightly aim at a series of laser pulses of standard target plate emission, and the receiving system of opening other electro-optical systems on carrier receives visible light, infrared light, the laser image of laser-induced radiation;
4. the cross-graduation center that obtains each each optical axis of electro-optical system by the position in field of view of receiver separately and resolution data analysis to these face system of battle formations pictures is at the coordinate of standard target plate place aiming point, compare with the relative position coordinates of each electro-optical system of carrier, its departure obtains the relative deviation of each electro-optical system turntable zero-bit to the distance of standard target plate divided by carrier;
5. according to the relative deviation of each turntable zero-bit, carry out automatic calibration or manual calibration.
Claims (7)
1. the general method for self-calibrating that uses of a carrier optoelectronic series on-site dynamic self-calibration, it is characterized in that: some standard target plates (1) cloth becomes a battle array, the long-pending laser possibility radiation areas that are calibrated electro-optical system that cover of this front, when the laser instrument Emission Lasers irradiation of a certain electro-optical system of carrier optoelectronic series to the different object planes of standard target plate (1), produce the instantaneous radiation image, received by this electro-optical system or other electro-optical systems, analyze the corresponding relation that receives image and the upper pattern (2) of standard target plate (1), obtain the coordinate that in field of view of receiver, the cross-graduation center is located at standard target plate (1), it is the aiming point coordinate, analysis by this coordinate and carrier optoelectronic system's self-position parameter and kinematic parameter is compared, realization is to the spectral domain of optoelectronic series and evaluation of imaging quality and the optical axis self calibration of time-domain.
2. method for self-calibrating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the standard target plate (1) that also comprises the laser-induced instantaneous light emission, generates heat and have certain pattern (2), this pattern (2) upward evenly distributes according to master scale at standard target plate (1), forming array; Standard target plate (1) provides time dependent image and the signal with different spectrum and brightness, and the laser of electro-optical system, infrared, visible-light detector receive this instantaneous radiation image and signal.
3. a standard target plate as claimed in claim 2 (1), is characterized in that: also comprise substrate (11), pattern (2), gauged distance simulator (3), diaphragm (4), laser designator (5); Described substrate (11) is thermal insulation board, and substrate (11) is provided with the square formation of m * m through hole; Described pattern (2) is the instantaneous emission visible light of laser-induced, different-waveband infrared multiple display material (20); Described multiple display material (20) comprises the demonstration film (23,24,25) that shows powder (21) and front, show that film is low heat capacity and the good material of heat conduction, and be connected with backside heat film (26) by the front demonstration film (23) of the heat conducting film on hole wall (22) with substrate (11), show that film (23,24,25) consists of figure in the front of substrate (11) different with line weight with groove and size, its surperficial hacking is processed and is formed lambertian, makes pattern (2) have target signature; Described demonstration powder (21) is filled in through hole, and for infrared laser being realized the material of wavelength conversion; Described heat conducting film (22) and demonstration film (23,24,25) are selected the various metals film, and consist of the graphic array to the different radiating rates of laser-induced heating; Gauged distance simulator (3) is used for the range finder using laser range capability is calibrated; Diaphragm (4) plays sealing function; Laser designator (5) is used for being calibrated the position guiding of electro-optical system.
4. standard target plate according to claim 3 (1), it is characterized in that: also comprise gauged distance simulator (3), described gauged distance simulator (3) comprises some GRIN Lens (31), some groups of FC interfaces (32), some gauged distance optical fiber (33), described gauged distance optical fiber (33) is used for the simulated laser propagation in atmosphere, and laser pulse is realized time delay and peak power decay; The I/O end face of described GRIN Lens (31) is the optical window of analog photoelectricity system also.
5. standard target plate according to claim 3 (1), is characterized in that: comprise that also diaphragm (4) adopts the transparent plastic foil of laser, visible light and infrared light, sticks on two surfaces of substrate (11).
6. standard target plate according to claim 3 (1), is characterized in that: comprise that also Transmission Fibers (51) imports indication laser in GRIN Lens (31), exports a branch of laser beam perpendicular to substrate (11).
7. gauged distance optical fiber according to claim 4 (33), it is characterized in that: comprise that also an end is the gauged distance optical fiber (34) of completely reflecting mirror, described gauged distance optical fiber (34) is used for the simulated laser propagation in atmosphere, and laser pulse is realized time delay and peak power decay.
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