CN114353748A - Total station triangular elevation back-and-forth measurement method for setting station with distance of 20-40m from prism - Google Patents
Total station triangular elevation back-and-forth measurement method for setting station with distance of 20-40m from prism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114353748A CN114353748A CN202210008652.4A CN202210008652A CN114353748A CN 114353748 A CN114353748 A CN 114353748A CN 202210008652 A CN202210008652 A CN 202210008652A CN 114353748 A CN114353748 A CN 114353748A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional height back-and-forth measurement method for a total station with a distance of 20-40m from a prism, and relates to the technical field of height measurement. The method for measuring the station setting triangle elevation back and forth of the total station with the distance between the total station and the prism being 20-40m comprises the following specific operations: relevant equipment is prepared, a Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod are used as a measuring instrument, the triangulation height measurement adopts 8:00-10:30 in the morning, and the line length is 2.5 km. The total station triangular elevation back-and-forth measurement method for the station setting distance of 20-40m from the prism can obtain error sources, is mainly used for distance and vertical angle measurement, is superior in precision and flexibility in operation, has high feasibility and practicability, can work strictly according to standard specifications in actual operation, selects the optimal observation conditions, and has unique advantages and wide application prospects in mountainous areas with large height difference compared with the traditional triangular elevation measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of elevation measurement, in particular to a method for measuring the height of a station-setting triangle of a total station instrument 20-40m away from a prism in a reciprocating manner.
Background
The triangular elevation is superior to leveling measurement in mountain land topographic survey, the stations are flexibly erected to facilitate the conduction of elevation, the stations need to be erected at the middle positions of two measuring points in the traditional triangular elevation survey, the stations are difficult to erect in actual operation, and the positions which accord with the measurement are difficult to find.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a total station triangle elevation back-and-forth measurement method for setting stations 20-40m away from a prism, and solves the problems that the stations are required to be erected at the middle positions of two measuring points in the traditional triangle elevation measurement, the actual operation is relatively difficult, and the positions which accord with the measurement are not easy to find.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a total station instrument is 20-40m away from a prism and is set up a station triangle elevation to-and-fro measurement method, which comprises the following specific operations:
preparing related equipment, using Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod as a measuring instrument, wherein the triangulation height measurement adopts 8:00-10:30 in the morning, the line length is 2.5km, the height difference of a closed route is 1.2mm, and an electronic level measures the closing difference of the section to be 1.8 mm;
the instrument is erected at a point A and a point C in a rear view, a forward view point A is shown as an instrument height, i is shown as a rear view vertical angle, D 'is a rear view distance, V' is a rear view target height, a is a forward view vertical angle, D is a forward view distance, V is a forward view target elevation, and Hab is a height difference of A, B points.
Hac-Hc-Ha, Hab-Hb-Ha, then
Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc
Hab＝D*Sina1+i-V1+fb
Hbc＝Hc-Hb＝Hc-Hb-Ha+Ha＝(Hc-Ha)-(Hb-Ha)＝Hac-Hab
Hbc＝Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc-(D*Sina1+i-V1+fb)
The same prism is used in the observation process and the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged
V’＝V
fc＝0.43*Dac2/R、fb＝0.43*Dab2/R
fc. fb is the spherical air difference on both sides (when the distance D is less than or equal to 40m, the influence of the spherical air difference, the deviation of the vertical line and the like can not be considered), that is, only the spherical air difference from the measuring station to the other prism needs to be considered at present, and the spherical air difference from the other side can be eliminated in the measurement of the round-trip station.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for measuring the back and forth height of a station-setting triangle of a total station at a distance of 20-40m from a prism. The method has the following beneficial effects:
the total station is set with a station triangle elevation reciprocating measurement method 20-40m away from a prism, the distance between the instrument and the prism is shortened by erecting the instrument to a position which is close to any prism, normal angle measurement and distance measurement are carried out by a measuring method, an existing control point is used for guiding and measuring an elevation control point on a project site, the experiment adopts Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod as the measurement instrument, the triangle elevation measurement adopts 8:00-10:30 at the morning, the line length is 2.5km, the closed difference fh of the closed route is 1.2mm, an electronic level gauge measures the closed difference fh of the section to be 1.8mm, so that the allowable altitude difference fh of the method with the error smaller than the second-class is obtained, the error source of the error can be measured mainly in the distance and the vertical angle, and the simplest method for improving the accuracy is to shorten the distance between a measurement station and a measurement point as much as possible, the method has the advantages of superior precision and flexibility in operation, strong feasibility and practicability, operation is strictly performed according to standard specifications in actual operation, the optimal observation condition is selected, the measurement data is reliable, and the method has unique advantages and wide application prospects in mountain areas with large altitude difference compared with traditional triangulation height measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a total station instrument is 20-40m away from a prism and is set up a station triangle elevation to-and-fro measurement method, which comprises the following specific operations:
preparing related equipment, using Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod as a measuring instrument, wherein the triangulation height measurement adopts 8:00-10:30 in the morning, the line length is 2.5km, the height difference of a closed route is 1.2mm, and an electronic level measures the closing difference of the section to be 1.8 mm;
the instrument is erected at a point A and a point C in a rear view, a forward view point A is shown as an instrument height, i is shown as a rear view vertical angle, D 'is a rear view distance, V' is a rear view target height, a is a forward view vertical angle, D is a forward view distance, V is a forward view target elevation, and Hab is a height difference of A, B points.
Hac-Hc-Ha, Hab-Hb-Ha, then
Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc
Hab＝D*Sina1+i-V1+fb
Hbc＝Hc-Hb＝Hc-Hb-Ha+Ha＝(Hc-Ha)-(Hb-Ha)＝Hac-Hab
Hbc＝Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc-(D*Sina1+i-V1+fb)
The same prism is used in the observation process and the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged
V’＝V
fc＝0.43*Dac2/R、fb＝0.43*Dab2/R
fc. fb is the spherical air difference on both sides (when the distance D is less than or equal to 40m, the influence of the spherical air difference, the deviation of the vertical line and the like can not be considered), that is, only the spherical air difference from the measuring station to the other prism needs to be considered at present, and the spherical air difference from the other side can be eliminated in the measurement of the round-trip station.
In summary, the total station is provided with a station triangle elevation reciprocating measurement method 20-40m away from a prism, the distance between the instrument and the prism is shortened by erecting the instrument to a position which is close to any prism, normal angle measurement and distance measurement are carried out by a measuring method, an existing control point is used for guiding and measuring an elevation control point on a project site, the experiment adopts Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod as the measurement instrument, the triangle elevation measurement adopts 8:00-10:30 in the morning, the line length is 2.5km, the closed line height difference fh is 1.2mm, an electronic level measures the closed difference fh of the section to be 1.8mm, so that the allowable height difference fh of the method with the error smaller than the second-level can be obtained, the error source can be measured mainly in the distance and the vertical angle, and the simplest method is to shorten the distance between the measurement station and the measurement point as much as possible, the method has the advantages of superior precision and flexibility in operation, strong feasibility and practicability, operation is strictly performed according to standard specifications in actual operation, the optimal observation condition is selected, the measurement data is reliable, and the method has unique advantages and wide application prospects in mountain areas with large altitude difference compared with traditional triangulation height measurement.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A total station instrument is apart from the prism 20-40m and establishes the station triangle elevation to come and go measuring method, characterized by that: the specific operation is as follows:
preparing related equipment, using Leica TZ08 (the angle precision is 1', the EDM distance measurement precision is 1mm +1.5ppm) and a matched prism and a centering rod as a measuring instrument, wherein the triangulation height measurement adopts 8 & lt-10 & gt/30 & gt in the morning, the line length is 2.5km, the height difference of a closed route and the closing difference fh is 1.2mm, and an electronic level measures the closing difference fh of the section to be 1.8 mm;
the instrument is erected at a point A and a point C in a rear view, a forward view point A is shown as an instrument height, i is shown as a rear view vertical angle, D 'is a rear view distance, V' is a rear view target height, a is a forward view vertical angle, D is a forward view distance, V is a forward view target elevation, and Hab is a height difference of A, B points.
Hac-Hc-Ha, Hab-Hb-Ha, then
Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc
Hab＝D*Sinal+i-V1+fb
Hbc＝Hc-Hb＝Hc-Hb-Ha+Ha＝(Hc-Ha)-(Hb-Ha)＝Hac-Hab
Hbc＝Hac＝D’*Sina’+i-V’+fc-(D*Sinal+i-V1+fb)
The same prism is used in the observation process and the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the absolute height of the prism is kept unchanged
V’＝V
fc＝0.43*Dac2/R、fb＝0.43*Dab2/R
fc. fb is the spherical air difference on both sides (when the distance D is less than or equal to 40m, the influence of the spherical air difference, the deviation of the vertical line and the like can not be considered), that is, only the spherical air difference from the measuring station to the other prism needs to be considered at present, and the spherical air difference from the other side can be eliminated in the measurement of the round-trip station.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101140164A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2008-03-12 | 唐发志 | All-station instrument accurate measurement height method |
| CN108981661A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | The measuring device and measuring method of spheric and atmospheric aberration are eliminated in trigonometric levelling |
| US20190204077A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-07-04 | Dalian Senbior Surveying Instrument Technology Co,. Ltd. | Traverse-type measurement method for dual-system bilateral-survey composite level |
| CN110186426A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-30 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of remote triangulated height river-crossing leveling method |
| CN111076705A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-04-28 | 吉林通钢矿业有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing triangulation elevation measurement by using total station |
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2022
- 2022-01-06 CN CN202210008652.4A patent/CN114353748A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101140164A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2008-03-12 | 唐发志 | All-station instrument accurate measurement height method |
| US20190204077A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-07-04 | Dalian Senbior Surveying Instrument Technology Co,. Ltd. | Traverse-type measurement method for dual-system bilateral-survey composite level |
| CN108981661A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | The measuring device and measuring method of spheric and atmospheric aberration are eliminated in trigonometric levelling |
| CN110186426A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-30 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of remote triangulated height river-crossing leveling method |
| CN111076705A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-04-28 | 吉林通钢矿业有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing triangulation elevation measurement by using total station |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张勇: "全站仪三角高程新方法及精度估算", 测绘工程, no. 06 * |
| 钱政权: "全站仪任意点设站三角高程测量方法初探", 铁道建筑技术, no. 11 * |
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