CN114352269A - Method for dividing positions of heat storage layers of high-temperature geothermal field - Google Patents
Method for dividing positions of heat storage layers of high-temperature geothermal field Download PDFInfo
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- CN114352269A CN114352269A CN202111551961.8A CN202111551961A CN114352269A CN 114352269 A CN114352269 A CN 114352269A CN 202111551961 A CN202111551961 A CN 202111551961A CN 114352269 A CN114352269 A CN 114352269A
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- temperature
- drilling
- heat storage
- dividing
- well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal resource exploration, and particularly discloses a method for dividing positions of a heat storage layer of a high-temperature geothermal field, which comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring drilling time data in a drilling process; step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is finished; step 3, measuring the temperature in the well; step 4, making a drilling time curve and a well temperature curve graph; and 5, dividing the position of the heat storage layer. The method has the advantages of less required data, high dividing precision and strong applicability, and can accurately judge the position depth of the high-temperature thermal reservoir under the condition of lacking necessary rock core and conventional logging data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal resource exploration, and particularly relates to a method for dividing positions of a heat storage layer of a high-temperature geothermal field.
Background
Energy is an important material basis on which human society relies to survive and develop. With the development of socio-economy, the shortage of energy and environmental pollution have become important problems facing the whole mankind. Geothermal energy is regarded as the most potential energy resource in the 21 st century as a clean and renewable energy source. In the process of geothermal resource exploration and development, how to quickly and accurately identify and divide the position of a thermal reservoir is a very important work.
In the prior art, thermal reservoir division is mainly performed through comprehensive data such as drilling (core data), geophysical exploration (electrical characteristics), geophysical logging (resistivity, acoustic moveout, well temperature and the like). The division of a thermal reservoir usually requires accurate lithology data and logging data, for example, seismic exploration data, lithology data, logging data and water chemistry data are used in the division of the thermal reservoir; for relatively low levels of exploration and high temperature fields involved, these data are difficult to obtain unless significant engineering costs are incurred. The accuracy of dividing the heat storage is more in units of tens of meters and hundreds of meters, and the accuracy is relatively poor, for example, the position of the first heat storage layer is divided into 300-500 m.
In summary, the following problems mainly exist in the division of the thermal reservoir: (1) the method is mainly used for dividing layered medium-low temperature heat storage of a sedimentary rock region, and no relevant report is found on high-temperature banded heat storage for fracture control; (2) the method is mainly used for dividing medium-low temperature layered heat storage, so that the accuracy of dividing the position of a heat storage layer is not high; (3) more data is required, which is difficult to obtain or costly to acquire during a high temperature geothermal field survey.
Therefore, it is desired to develop a method for dividing the location of the heat storage layer suitable for the high-temperature geothermal field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for dividing the position of a high-temperature geothermal field thermal reservoir, which has the advantages of less required data, high dividing precision and strong applicability, and can accurately judge the position depth of the high-temperature geothermal reservoir under the condition of lacking necessary rock cores and conventional logging data.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a method of partitioning locations of a high temperature geothermal field heat reservoir, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in a drilling process;
step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is finished;
step 3, measuring the temperature in the well;
step 4, making a drilling time curve and a well temperature curve graph;
and 5, dividing the position of the heat storage layer.
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: and collecting the drilling time data in the drilling process, wherein the drilling time data takes meters as units, and the time required by drilling in each meter is recorded.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: after geological drilling is completed, a large amount of cold water is injected into the drilled well through the high-pressure manifold, and a high-temperature stratum in the drilled well is cooled.
The temperature of the cold water injected in the step 2 is far lower than the temperature of the drilling fluid or the water of the formation water burst section in the drilling hole.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: repeatedly measuring the well temperature in the well for a plurality of times at certain intervals; after the cold water injection is completed, the temperature measurement in the well is carried out as soon as possible.
The temperature measuring instrument used in the temperature measurement in the step 3 has continuous temperature measuring capacity, and at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter; the downward or upward speed of the temperature measuring instrument is not more than 12 m/min.
In the step 3, the temperature is measured every 2 hours after cold water is injected until 24 hours.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) manufacturing a drilling time curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling time data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3).
The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: the position and the characteristic of the high-temperature thermal reservoir are comprehensively divided through analyzing a temperature measurement curve of the well temperature changing along with the time and a drilling time curve of the drilling time changing along with the well depth, and the position of the thermal reservoir is determined.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the method for dividing the position of the high-temperature geothermal field heat reservoir provided by the invention needs less data, only needs temperature measurement data and drilling time data for many times, and greatly saves the cost of related data required to be acquired for dividing the heat reservoir.
2. The method for dividing the position of the heat storage layer of the high-temperature geothermal field improves the accuracy of dividing the heat storage layer, the division of the position of the heat storage layer takes meters as units, the division accuracy is higher, and the judgment of the position of the heat storage layer is more accurate.
3. The method for dividing the position of the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer provided by the invention has stronger applicability, and although the method is mainly used for dividing the fracture-controlled bedrock fracture-type high-temperature heat storage layer, the method is also suitable for layered medium-low temperature heat storage in sedimentary rock under certain conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a temperature measurement curve and a drilling time curve graph after cold water is injected for 2 hours in the method for dividing the position of the high-temperature geothermal field heat reservoir provided by the present invention, wherein the horizontal axis in the graph is depth, the vertical axis is a data value, and a temperature value (centigrade degree) is represented when corresponding to the temperature curve; the corresponding time-on-bit curve represents time-on-bit (min/m).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a method for dividing the position of a heat storage layer of a high-temperature geothermal field, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in a drilling process
In the implementation process of drilling, the drilling time data in the drilling process needs to be acquired. The primary purpose of acquiring the while-drilling data is to interpret the location of the fractured zone.
The borehole type may be an exploration well, an exploration integral well, or a production well. Regardless of the borehole, whether coring or not, it is necessary to obtain the while drilling data. Especially for the type where fracture-controlled thermal reservoirs are located in bedrock fractures. No matter the bedrock is granite or volcanic, the lithologic components of the bedrock are relatively stable. In the absence of core data and logging data, the hardness of the rock can be reflected when the drill bit is drilled. In a stable homogeneous matrix, the relatively soft rock formation is usually the location of altered or fractured zones. Based on this, the rough position of the altered zone or the fractured zone can be judged through the drilling data. The drilling time data is in meters, and the time required for drilling per meter is recorded. The partial drill time data obtained this time are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 drilling time data table for a certain drilling hole 110-
| Depth (Rice) | Drilling time (minute/meter) | Depth (Rice) | Drilling time (minute/meter) |
| 110.00 | 42.45 | 125.00 | 34.13 |
| 111.00 | 28.07 | 126.00 | 24.89 |
| 112.00 | 22.74 | 127.00 | 56.48 |
| 113.00 | 30.11 | 128.00 | 23.61 |
| 114.00 | 15.17 | 129.00 | 34.30 |
| 115.00 | 20.06 | 130.00 | 23.30 |
| 116.00 | 23.28 | 131.00 | 36.27 |
| 117.00 | 14.55 | 132.00 | 34.66 |
| 118.00 | 6.01 | 133.00 | 22.78 |
| 119.00 | 6.34 | 134.00 | 35.80 |
| 120.00 | 18.02 | 135.00 | 13.54 |
| 121.00 | 38.09 | 136.00 | 18.66 |
| 122.00 | 53.24 | 137.00 | 42.16 |
| 123.00 | 47.64 | 138.00 | 43.00 |
| 124.00 | 45.66 | 139.00 | 24.15 |
Step 2, injecting cold water after drilling
After drilling is completed (or periodically completed), cold water is injected. The main purpose is to make cold water enter a thermal reservoir to cool the thermal reservoir, so that temperature abnormality can be conveniently found in the subsequent temperature measurement. The temperature of the injected cold water is much lower than the temperature of the drilling fluid (or the water gushing section) in the borehole. The larger the difference between the temperature of the injected cold water and the temperature of the thermal reservoir, the more obvious the cooling effect on the thermal reservoir, and the better the accuracy in subsequent temperature measurement. The temperature of the cold water injected in this test was 10 ℃. The amount of cold water injected is determined according to the water inflow of the stratum. The water inflow is small, which indicates that the water content of the heat reservoir is small, and the injection of cold water can be properly reduced. The water inflow is large, which indicates that the water content of the heat reservoir is large, and the cold water injection needs to be properly increased. When the water inflow is large, if the injected cold water is less, the purpose of cooling the stratum cannot be achieved, the subsequent temperature measurement effect is not good, and the failure of division of the thermal reservoir is possibly caused. The method suggests that the amount of cold water injected is the amount of water per hour during drilling. The amount of cold water injected in the test is equivalent to the water inflow amount per hour in the drilling process, and is about 300 tons.
Step 3, measuring the temperature in the well
The recovery temperature in the well should be measured after 24 hours or 72 hours as required by geothermal resource exploration regulations. After long-time recovery, the temperature in the well gradually tends to be uniform, and the measurement of the static recovery temperature in the well has little significance for accurately dividing the thermal reservoir. According to the technical principle of the method, the temperature of the well in the well is repeatedly measured for many times at certain intervals; the measurement of temperature as soon as possible after the injection of cold water is the key to the partitioning of thermal reservoirs. In order to ensure the precision of temperature measurement and subsequent hot reservoir division, an instrument used for temperature measurement has continuous temperature measurement capacity, and at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter. The lowering or lifting speed of the temperature measuring instrument cannot be too fast and cannot exceed 12 m/min. The temperature measurement time interval cannot be measured after 24 hours of drill stop according to the geothermal exploration standard. In the test, the temperature is measured every 2 hours after cold water is injected until 24 hours. The temperature measurement is carried out every 2 hours after cold water is injected so as to judge the approximate position of the thermal reservoir; the reason why the temperature measurement is performed again after 24 hours is to determine the approximate temperature of the thermal reservoir.
Step 4, making a drilling time curve and well temperature curve graph
And (3) manufacturing a drilling time curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling time data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3). After the test is finished, the obtained drilling time data and the temperature measurement data two hours after cold water injection are made into a curve, and the curve chart is shown in fig. 1.
Step 5, dividing the position of the heat storage layer
From FIG. 1, we can see that between the depths of 111m-120m, the drilling time drops below 30 minutes/meter; at a depth of 118m, drilling was only 6 minutes/meter, indicating that this section of rock is relatively soft. There are two possibilities: one is that the rock is altered, resulting in softer rock; the other is in a fracture zone, where the rock is relatively broken. The temperature data of two hours after cold water is injected are combined, and the temperature of the section is relatively high, and the temperature of the main body is above 70 ℃, and is not reduced. This indicates that after injecting cold water, not much cold water enters the formation. It can therefore be concluded that the lower probability of this section being drilled is due to rock erosion. At the well depth of 125m-136m, the drilling time is suddenly increased or decreased, and the drilling time is repeatedly decreased to be below 30 minutes/meter, so that the hardness of the rock in the section is alternate. This corresponds to the characteristics of a broken fracture zone. And combining a temperature measurement curve two hours after cold water is injected, wherein the temperature is obviously reduced between the well depth of 125m and 136m, which shows that a large amount of cold water enters a stratum along cracks in rocks in the cold water injection process, so that the temperature of an originally normal temperature increasing curve is reduced. Thus, in accordance with the principles of the present invention and the above-described curve features, it is presumed that a thermal reservoir exists between well depths of 125m-136 m. And judging that the heat storage temperature of the heat storage layer is about 174 ℃ according to the temperature measurement result after cold water is injected for 24 hours.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: in fracture-controlled high-temperature fracture-type thermal storage, the thermal storage is usually located in a fracture zone, and the thermal storage layer is located at a water burst layer and a water permeable layer. In the drilling process, after a large amount of cold water is pressed in through a high-pressure manifold, the cold water can move along a hot reservoir (a permeable layer), so that the temperature of the position of the hot reservoir is rapidly reduced. Then, the temperature in the well is measured quickly, and the obvious abnormity of the temperature in the well can be found: an abnormal warming tendency and a local temperature decrease. And the position of the thermal reservoir can be accurately judged by combining the drilling time data.
The method has the advantages of relatively simple operation flow, less required data, capability of rapidly and visually judging the depth position of the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position controlled by the fracture, capability of providing necessary data support for decision making in the process of geothermal exploration and subsequent geothermal production, and relatively wide application value.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for dividing the position of a high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in a drilling process;
step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is finished;
step 3, measuring the temperature in the well;
step 4, making a drilling time curve and a well temperature curve graph;
and 5, dividing the position of the heat storage layer.
2. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises: and collecting the drilling time data in the drilling process, wherein the drilling time data takes meters as units, and the time required by drilling in each meter is recorded.
3. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises: after geological drilling is completed, a large amount of cold water is injected into the drilled well through the high-pressure manifold, and a high-temperature stratum in the drilled well is cooled.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature of the cold water injected in step 2 is much lower than the temperature of the drilling fluid or the water burst section of the formation in the borehole.
5. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises: repeatedly measuring the well temperature in the well for a plurality of times at certain intervals; after the cold water injection is completed, the temperature measurement in the well is carried out as soon as possible.
6. The method for dividing the position of the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer according to the claim 5, wherein the temperature measuring instrument used in the step 3 has continuous temperature measuring capacity, at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter; the downward or upward speed of the temperature measuring instrument is not more than 12 m/min.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature measurement is performed every 2 hours until 24 hours after the cold water is injected in step 3.
8. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises: and (3) manufacturing a drilling time curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling time data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3).
9. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal field heat storage layer position according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 specifically comprises: the position and the characteristic of the high-temperature thermal reservoir are comprehensively divided through analyzing a temperature measurement curve of the well temperature changing along with the time and a drilling time curve of the drilling time changing along with the well depth, and the position of the thermal reservoir is determined.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1455457A (en) * | 1973-11-27 | 1976-11-10 | Shell Int Research | Method and arrangement for recovering geothermal energy |
| US20020112888A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-08-22 | Christian Leuchtenberg | Drilling system and method |
| US20060137349A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Tassilo Pflanz | Power plant system for utilizing the heat energy of geothermal reservoirs |
| US20090272528A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Method of miscible injection testing of oil wells and system thereof |
| WO2012039631A1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-29 | Geothermal Solutions Limited | Method of operating a geothermal plant |
| CN105863568A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for exploring dry-hot-rock geotherm through underground heat siphon self-circulation |
| US20200199998A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-06-25 | Geomec Engineering Limited | Improvements In Or Relating To Injection Wells |
| CN212985095U (en) * | 2019-11-03 | 2021-04-16 | 肖英佳 | Low-temperature deep-cooling rapid drilling device |
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202111551961.8A patent/CN114352269B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1455457A (en) * | 1973-11-27 | 1976-11-10 | Shell Int Research | Method and arrangement for recovering geothermal energy |
| US20020112888A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-08-22 | Christian Leuchtenberg | Drilling system and method |
| US20060137349A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Tassilo Pflanz | Power plant system for utilizing the heat energy of geothermal reservoirs |
| US20090272528A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Method of miscible injection testing of oil wells and system thereof |
| WO2012039631A1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-29 | Geothermal Solutions Limited | Method of operating a geothermal plant |
| CN105863568A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for exploring dry-hot-rock geotherm through underground heat siphon self-circulation |
| US20200199998A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-06-25 | Geomec Engineering Limited | Improvements In Or Relating To Injection Wells |
| CN212985095U (en) * | 2019-11-03 | 2021-04-16 | 肖英佳 | Low-temperature deep-cooling rapid drilling device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 郑文龙;乌效鸣;吴笛;肖长波;卢予北;: "深部盐岩层绳索取心钻井液技术研究与应用", 地质与勘探 * |
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