CN114351568A - A ecological water conservancy diversion protects mound structure for long-span bridge of wading - Google Patents
A ecological water conservancy diversion protects mound structure for long-span bridge of wading Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological diversion pier protection structure for a long-span wading bridge, which comprises a pier protection dam and a diversion dam, wherein the diversion dam is positioned on one side of a pier on the side of a channel, is linearly arranged along the water flow direction and forms an acute angle with the main flow direction of the water flow, and is convenient for leading the water flow into the channel under the action of the diversion dam; protect mound dam setting in the side of swimming of diversion dam and be located the pier upper reaches, protect the upper reaches end of mound dam and be connected with diversion dam middle part, protect the low reaches end of mound dam and be located the pier one side of keeping away from the channel side to diversion dam and protect mound dam form protection architecture in the pier upper reaches, and then avoid rivers direct impact pier. The diversion pier structure has the diversion function, can be used for punching deep navigation channels, maintaining the dimension of the navigation channel, reducing the influence of bridges on the navigation channel, improving the surrounding ecological environment and creating a good habitat for river organisms such as fishes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and water transportation, and particularly relates to an ecological type flow guide pier structure for a long-span wading bridge.
Background
In the mountainous river channel and the reservoir area tail water change area, the flow velocity in the river channel is easily influenced due to large slope drop and large water level amplitude in the river section and the reservoir area, so that the pier is scoured and eroded, and the operation safety of the bridge and the channel is influenced. In order to avoid the direct impact of water flow to damage the bridge pier, the bridge pier is usually required to be provided with a pier protecting structure, so that the scouring is reduced.
The traditional method is that a traditional inverted U-shaped pier protection structure is arranged near a bridge pier or an annular cofferdam type pier protection structure made of steel plates and concrete is adopted, so that a static flow area is formed near the bridge pier, the bridge pier is prevented from being washed away, and the bridge safety is ensured. The traditional pier protecting structure does not have a flow guiding effect generally, so that the navigation condition near the bridge is deteriorated, meanwhile, the rapid and slow flow alternating flow state and erosion-deposition combined terrain are difficult to generate in the non-navigation area of the section, and the energy and material exchange between the water flow near the pier and the water flow in the river channel is blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the ecological type flow guide pier structure for the long-span wading bridge, which has the flow guide function, can be used for punching deep navigation channels, maintaining the dimension of the navigation channels, reducing the influence of the bridge on the navigation channels, improving the surrounding ecological environment and creating a good habitat for river organisms such as fishes.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an ecological diversion pier protection structure for a long-span wading bridge comprises a pier protection dam and a diversion dam, wherein the diversion dam is positioned on one side of a pier on the side of a channel, and is linearly arranged along the water flow direction and forms an acute angle with the main water flow direction, so that the water flow is conveniently guided into the channel under the action of the diversion dam; protect mound dam setting in the side of swimming of diversion dam and be located the pier upper reaches, protect the upper reaches end of mound dam and be connected with diversion dam middle part, protect the low reaches end of mound dam and be located the pier one side of keeping away from the channel side to diversion dam and protect mound dam form protection architecture in the pier upper reaches, and then avoid rivers direct impact pier.
Further, the pier protecting dam is arranged linearly.
Further, the pier protecting dam is of an arc-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the top surface of the pier protecting dam is provided with a groove which penetrates through the water facing side and the backwater side of the pier protecting dam, so that water can conveniently flow into the pier through the groove part.
Furthermore, the included angle between the diversion dam and the main flow direction of the water flow is 10-30 degrees.
Furthermore, the width of the top of the diversion dam and the top of the pier protecting dam are 0.5-1 m; and the slope coefficients of the upstream sides of the diversion dam and the pier protection dam are both larger than 1, and the slope coefficients of the downstream sides are both larger than 0.5.
Furthermore, the distance between the water-facing surface slope toe of the diversion dam and the channel is more than 0.5 m.
Further, the distances between the pier and the water surfaces of the diversion dam backs and the pier protection dam backs are larger than 0.5 m.
Further, the downstream ends of the pier-protecting dams and the diversion dams reach at least 1/3 of the length of the pier.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the diversion pier protection structure has the diversion and pier protection functions, most of water flow can be guided into the channel and deeply rushes into the channel, the water depth and the flow speed in the channel are ensured, the navigation condition is optimized, meanwhile, the diversion dam and the pier protection dam can protect the pier, the phenomenon that the pier is damaged by the direct impact of the water flow is avoided, and therefore the stability of the bridge is ensured.
2. The invention can generate diversified flow states and terrains around the diversion pier protection structure by combining diversion and flow distribution, and can form an urgent flow area, a slow flow area and a still water area around the pier, wherein the urgent flow area can be used as a spawning site and a habitat of part of fishes, the slow flow area and the still water area are subjected to sediment deposition, and sediment substances can be used as a cable bait site, a spawning site and a habitat of benthos of the fishes, so that the purposes of improving the surrounding ecological environment and creating a good habitat for river organisms such as the fishes are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1-structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2-schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3-a cross-section view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4-B cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 5-a front view in the direction of C-C of fig. 1.
FIG. 6-D section view of FIG. 1
Wherein: 1-bridge pier; 2-diversion dam; 3-pier protecting dam; 4-a groove; firstly, a slow flow area is formed; ② a rush current area; ③ a still water area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, an ecological diversion pier protection structure for a long-span wading bridge comprises a pier protection dam 3 and a diversion dam 2, wherein the diversion dam 2 is located on one side of a pier 1 on a channel side, and the diversion dam 2 is linearly arranged along a water flow direction and forms an acute angle with the main water flow direction, so that water can be conveniently guided into the channel through the action of the diversion dam 2; protect mound dam 3 and set up in the back of the body water side of diversion dam 2 and be located pier 1 upper reaches, protect the upstream end of mound dam 3 and be connected with diversion dam 2 middle parts, protect the downstream end of mound dam 3 and be located 1 one side of pier far away from the navigation side to diversion dam 2 and protect mound dam 3 form the protection architecture in 1 upper reaches of pier, and then avoid rivers direct impact pier 1.
The long-span wading bridge generally has only one or two piers, and when only one pier is available, the channel is arranged on one side of the pier, so that a diversion pier protection structure is arranged on one side of the pier on the channel side; when two piers are arranged, the channel is arranged between the two piers, two diversion pier protection structures are arranged between the two piers, and the two diversion pier protection structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two piers and are symmetrically arranged relative to the channel. The diversion dam plays a role in diversion and diversion at the same time, most of water flow can be guided into the channel by the diversion dam, so that the water depth and the flow speed in the channel can be ensured, the navigation condition is optimized, only a small part of water flow flows into the back side of the diversion dam, and the scouring to the bridge pier is reduced; meanwhile, the diversion dam and the pier protection dam form a protection wall type structure, so that the pier is prevented from being damaged by direct impact of water flow on the pier.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, after the pier protection dam and the diversion dam are arranged, diverse flow states and landforms can be generated around the diversion pier protection structure in a diversion and diversion combination mode. The diversion pier protection structure can divide the flow field of the area around the pier into three types, the first type is an acute flow area on the upstream side of the diversion dam, the second type is a slow flow area near the pier corresponding to the downstream of the diversion pier protection structure, the downstream of the diversion pier protection structure and the upstream side of the diversion dam, and the third type is a still water area between the diversion pier protection structure and the pier, and the different flow areas are communicated with each other. The first torrent area and the second torrent area have stronger scouring characteristics, are easy to generate deep ponds, and the water depth changes along with the change of a water-facing slope, so that the first torrent area and the second torrent area can be used as spawning sites and habitats of part of fishes; and simultaneously, silt deposits in the second class slow flow area and the third class still water area, and sediment substances can be used as a fish bait station, a spawning site and a habitat of benthos.
The diversion pier protection structure is suitable for mountainous rivers and reservoir hydro-fluctuation belts with the water depth of 3-5 m, and the design top elevation h of the diversion pier protection structure is = the frequently encountered flood water level + the ship wave height + the safety superelevation, so that the scouring damage caused by large-flow dam turning is prevented.
In specific implementation, the pier-protecting dams 3 are arranged linearly as shown in fig. 2; meanwhile, the pier-protecting dam 3 can also be arranged to be in an arc-shaped structure as shown in figure 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the diversion pier protection structure formed by the diversion dam and the pier protection dam is in a lambda shape, and an inverted V-shaped or inverted U-shaped protection structure is formed at the upstream of the pier to protect the pier.
During the concrete implementation, the top surface of the pier protecting dam 3 is provided with a groove 4 which penetrates through the water facing side and the backwater side of the pier protecting dam 3, so that water can flow into the pier 1 through the groove 4.
In the embodiment, the two grooves are 0.5m in width, the bottom of each groove is 0.2m lower than the water level in normal use, the periphery of each groove is reinforced by thin concrete, the water system of the stagnant water area III and the calm water area I can be better communicated, the types of plankton, algae and aquatic weeds on the surface of the stagnant water area III are improved, and the material exchange, fish food sources and oviposited attachments are increased.
In specific implementation, the included angle between the diversion dam 2 and the main flow direction of the water flow is 10-30 degrees. The diversion dam is prevented from bearing larger water flow impact load.
In specific implementation, the widths of the tops of the diversion dam 2 and the pier protecting dam 3 are 0.5-1 m; and the slope coefficients of the upstream sides of the diversion dam 2 and the pier protecting dam 3 are both larger than 1, and the slope coefficients of the downstream sides are both larger than 0.5.
The stability of the structure of the diversion pier is ensured.
In specific implementation, the distance between the upstream slope toe of the diversion dam 2 and the boundary line of the channel is more than 0.5 m. The distances between the back surface of the diversion dam 2 and the back surface of the pier protection dam 3 and the pier 1 are both larger than 0.5 m. The downstream ends of the pier-protecting dams 3 and the diversion dams 2 reach at least 1/3 of the length of the pier 1.
During specific implementation, the water permeability and the ecological property of the diversion pier protecting structure can be ensured by selecting rock stacking, grouted block stones or gabion gabions according to the flow velocity of a river channel, the erosion and deposition condition and the incoming flow sand-carrying condition. The upstream end of the diversion dam is in a pile bearing structure or a riprap bottom protection technology to prevent the dam head from being damaged due to water flow elutriation. The diversion pier-protecting structure adopting the gabion adopts binding connection among the gabions. The slope toe of the whole diversion pier structure is provided with a fish tank brick to build a suitable habitat environment for fishes.
The engineering profiles for first, example 1 and comparative example 1 are as follows:
a river-crossing bridge is newly built on a river in a certain mountain area, and according to the ground survey data, a deep covering layer is covered on a river bed to reach 27 m. The flood position of the planned bridge center line in the flood season is 1272m, the corresponding water depth is 3.0m, and the average flow velocity in the river is 6.7 m/s. A travel channel with the maximum passenger capacity of 40 persons is arranged in the river channel. According to the earlier ecological investigation, 12 kinds of fishes and 31 kinds of benthic organisms exist in the river reach.
For the above-described works, different pier structures were set up according to example 1 and comparative example 1 at the right pier, and prototype observations of the flow regime and the surrounding ecology for one year were carried out.
Example 1
In the embodiment, a lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is adopted, and the structure is shown in fig. 2, and the difference is that no groove is arranged on the top surface of the pier protection dam, and the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is arranged on the upstream of the pier 1. The left side of the pier is a main channel, and the main stream is guided into the main channel through the diversion dam and the pier protection dam. The dam foot of the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure adopts fish nest bricks, the dam head of the diversion dam adopts a pile sinking structure, and the rest of the dam body and the diversion pier protection structure adopt rockfill. The included angle between the diversion dam and the water flow is set to be 30 degrees, and the whole top width of the structure is 1.0 m. The structure height is 3.6m depending on the channel depth, so its top elevation is 1272.6 m. The coefficient of the upstream side slope and the coefficient of the downstream side slope of the pier protection structure are both set to be 1, so that the total width of the pier protection structure is 8.2m, and the distance between the downstream side slope foot of the flow guide pier protection structure and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the upstream slope toe of the diversion pier protection structure and the main channel is more than 0.5 m. In order to ensure good pier protection effect, the tail end position of the pier protection structure is located at 1/3 of the length of the pier.
Prototype observations: under the condition of a flood position in common use, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.17m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.12m/s, and the navigation requirement is met. After the flood peak crosses the border, siltation appears before and after the pier, and destructive scouring is avoided. The structure of the lambda-shaped diversion pier is kept stable. In the investigation of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the lambda-shaped flow guide pier structure is built, 12 kinds of fishes and 30 kinds of benthic organisms are found near the flow guide pier structure.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example adopts the upright type to fall "U" shape concrete fender mound structure. The width of the top of the structure is 0.6m, the height is 4m, and the distance between the back water surface and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the pier protecting structure and the main channel is 8.9 m.
Prototype observations: under the condition of a flood position which is frequently encountered, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.57m/s, the maximum reflux velocity is 0.23m/s, and the navigation requirement cannot be met. After the flood peak crosses the border, siltation appears before and after the pier, and destructive scouring is avoided. The front part of the inverted U-shaped pier protecting structure is washed, and the punching depth is 2.0 m. In the biomass survey in spring and autumn after the inverted U-shaped protective pier structure is built, only 6 kinds of fishes and 11 kinds of benthonic organisms are found nearby.
Second, the engineering overview of example 2 and comparative example 2 is as follows
The bridge in the hydro-fluctuation belt of a certain reservoir area is affected by steep rising and falling of the water level for a long time, the bridge pier is eroded, and according to underwater monitoring data, the maximum pit near the bridge pier reaches 4.5m, so that the operation safety of the bridge is affected. The flood position of the bridge center line in the flood season is 877m, the corresponding water depth is 5.0m, and the maximum bottom-facing flow velocity in the river is 4.6 m/s. A three-level freight channel with 1000 tons of navigable ships is arranged in the river channel. According to the earlier ecological investigation, 8 kinds of fishes and 46 kinds of benthic organisms exist in the river reach.
For the above-described works, different pier structures were set according to example 2 and comparative example 2 at the right pier, and prototype observations of the flow regime and the surrounding ecology for one year were carried out.
Example 2
In the embodiment, a reverse lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is adopted, the structure is shown in fig. 1, and the difference is that no groove is arranged on the top surface of the pier protection dam, and the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is arranged on the upstream of the pier 1. The right side of the pier is a main channel, and the main stream is guided into the main channel through the diversion dam 2 and the pier protection dam 3. The dam foot of the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure adopts fish nest bricks, the dam head of the diversion dam adopts rockfill bottom protection, and the rest of the dam body and the pier protection structure adopt gabion cages. The gabion is formed by mechanically weaving low-carbon steel wires with high corrosion resistance, high strength and ductility. The included angle between the diversion dam and the main flow is set to be 10 degrees, and the whole top width of the structure is 0.5 m. The structure height is 5.5m depending on the channel depth, so its top elevation is 877.5 m. The upstream side slope of the diversion pier protection structure is 1, the coefficient of the back side slope is 0.5, so the total width of the pier protection structure is 8.75m, and the distance between the back side slope foot of the diversion pier protection structure and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 12m, the distance between the upstream slope toe of the diversion pier protection structure and the main channel is more than 0.5 m. In order to ensure good pier protection effect, the tail end (downstream end) of the pier protection structure is positioned at 1/2 of the length of the pier.
Prototype observations: under the condition that the highest water level is combined with the water level of the flood, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.11m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.08m/s, and the navigation requirement is met. The pier is not scoured again after the pit is flushed, and is not scoured destructively. The maximum punching depth of the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is 0.8 m. In the investigation of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the lambda-shaped flow guide pier structure is built, 8 kinds of fishes and 37 kinds of benthic organisms are found near the flow guide pier structure.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example adopts vertical type steel sheet to protect mound structure. The width of the top of the structure is 0.1m, the height is 5.5m, and the distance between the back water surface and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 12m, the distance between the pier protecting structure and the main channel is 11.4 m.
Prototype observations: under the condition of a flood position which is frequently encountered, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.66m/s, the maximum reflux velocity is 0.10m/s, and the navigation requirement cannot be met. After the flood peak crosses the border, the front and the back of the bridge pier are not washed destructively. But the front part of the pier protecting structure is washed, and the punching depth is 3.2 m. In the survey of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the pier protection structure is built, only 3 kinds of fishes and 18 kinds of benthic organisms are found nearby.
Third, the engineering overview of example 3 and comparative example 3 is as follows
The construction bridge is affected by seasonal changes of reservoir water level and flow velocity for a long time, the bridge piers are eroded, soil bodies around the piers are excavated, and according to underwater monitoring data, the maximum pit near the bridge piers reaches 3.6m, so that the operation safety of the bridge is affected. The flood position of the central line of the bridge is 196.6m in the flood season, the corresponding water depth is 3.5m, and the maximum near-bottom flow velocity in the river channel is 2.7 m/s. A four-level freight channel with 500 tons of navigable ships is arranged in the river channel. According to the earlier ecological investigation, 9 kinds of fishes and 24 kinds of benthic organisms exist in the river reach.
For the above-described works, different pier structures were set according to example 3 and comparative example 3 at the right pier, and prototype observations of the flow regime and the surrounding ecology for one year were carried out.
Example 3-1
In the embodiment, a reverse lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure with a groove on the dam crest is adopted, and the structure is shown in fig. 1, and the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is arranged on the upstream of a pier. The lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is characterized in that the diversion dam is connected with the pier protection structure through a short arc, and the pier protection structure is arranged in an inverted U shape. The right side of the pier is a main channel, and the main stream is guided into the main channel through the diversion dam and the pier protection dam. The dam foot of the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure adopts fish nest bricks, the groove part is reinforced by thin-layer concrete, the dam head of the diversion dam adopts rockfill to protect the bottom, and the rest of the dam body and the diversion pier protection structure adopt gabions. The gabion is formed by mechanically weaving low-carbon steel wires with high corrosion resistance, high strength and ductility. The included angle between the diversion dam and the main flow is set to be 20 degrees, and the whole top width of the structure is 0.8 m. The structure height is 4m according to the river depth, so the top elevation is 200.6 m. The upstream side slope of the diversion pier protection structure is 1, and the coefficient of the back side slope is 0.6, so the total width of the diversion pier protection structure is 7.2 m. Two grooves with the depth of 0.7m and the width of 0.5m are arranged on the top of the pier protecting dam and are respectively arranged at the positions 4m and 6m away from the diversion dam. The distance between the slope toe on the back surface of the diversion pier protection structure and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the upstream slope toe of the diversion pier protection structure and the main channel is more than 0.5 m. In order to ensure good pier protection effect, the tail end of the diversion pier protection structure is located at 1/3 of the length of the pier.
Prototype observations: under the condition that the highest water level is combined with the water level of the flood, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.16m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.10m/s, and the navigation requirement is met. And the pier is not scoured again after pit flushing repair. The structure of the lambda-shaped diversion pier is kept stable. In the survey of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the lambda-shaped flow guide pier protection structure is built, 10 kinds of fishes and 28 kinds of benthic organisms are found near the flow guide pier protection structure.
Comparative example 3-1
This comparative example adopts the notched vertical type of dam crest to "U" shape concrete fender mound structure. The width of the top of the structure is 0.5m, the height of the structure is 4.5m, and the distance between the back water surface and the pier is 0.5 m. Two grooves with the depth of 0.7m and the width of 0.5m are arranged on the top of the pier-protecting structure dam and are respectively arranged at the positions 4m and 6m away from the diversion dam. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the pier protecting structure and the main channel is 9 m.
Prototype observations: under the condition of a flood position which is frequently encountered, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.49m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.14m/s, and the navigation requirement cannot be met. After the flood peak crosses the border, siltation appears before and after the pier, and destructive scouring is avoided. But the front part of the pier protecting structure is washed, and the punching depth is 2.4 m. In the survey of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the pier protection structure is built, only 5 kinds of fishes and 14 kinds of benthic organisms are found nearby.
Examples 3 to 2
In the embodiment, a reverse lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure without a groove is adopted, and the structure is shown in fig. 1, and the difference is that no groove is arranged on the top surface of the pier protection dam, and the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is arranged on the upstream of a pier. The lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure is characterized in that the diversion dam and the pier protection dam are connected through a short arc, and the pier protection structure is arranged in an inverted U shape. The right side of the pier is a main channel, and the main stream is guided into the main channel through the diversion dam and the pier protection dam. The dam foot of the lambda-shaped diversion pier protection structure adopts fish nest bricks, the dam head of the diversion dam adopts rockfill bottom protection, and the rest dam bodies and the pier protection structure adopt gabion cages. The gabion is formed by mechanically weaving low-carbon steel wires with high corrosion resistance, high strength and ductility. The included angle between the diversion dam and the main flow is set to be 20 degrees, and the whole top width of the structure is 0.8 m. The structure height is 4m according to the river depth, so the top elevation is 200.6 m. The upstream side slope of the diversion pier protection structure is 1, the coefficient of the back side slope is 0.6, so the total width of the diversion pier protection structure is 7.2m, and the distance between the back side slope foot of the diversion pier protection structure and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the upstream slope toe of the diversion pier protection structure and the main channel is more than 0.5 m. In order to ensure good pier protection effect, the tail end of the diversion pier protection structure is located at 1/3 of the length of the pier.
Prototype observations: under the condition that the highest water level is combined with the water level of the flood, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.16m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.10m/s, and the navigation requirement is met. The pier is not scoured again after the pit is flushed, and is not scoured destructively. The structure of the lambda-shaped diversion pier is kept stable. In the investigation of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the lambda-shaped flow guide pier structure is built, 9 kinds of fishes and 23 kinds of benthic organisms are found near the flow guide pier structure.
Comparative examples 3 to 2
This comparative example adopts the vertical type of no recess to fall "U" shape concrete fender mound structure. The width of the top of the structure is 0.5m, the height of the structure is 4.5m, and the distance between the back water surface and the pier is 0.5 m. Considering that the distance between the pier and the main channel is 10m, the distance between the pier protecting structure and the main channel is 9 m.
Prototype observations: under the condition of a flood position which is frequently encountered, the maximum cross flow velocity in the main channel is 0.49m/s, the maximum backflow velocity is 0.14m/s, and the navigation requirement cannot be met. After the flood peak crosses the border, siltation appears before and after the pier, and destructive scouring is avoided. But the front part of the pier protecting structure is washed, and the punching depth is 2.2 m. In the survey of the number of organisms in spring and autumn after the pier protection structure is built, only 4 kinds of fishes and 11 kinds of benthonic organisms are found nearby.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned examples of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Variations and modifications in other variations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological diversion pier protection structure for a long-span wading bridge is characterized by comprising a pier protection dam and a diversion dam, wherein the diversion dam is positioned on one side of a pier on the side of a channel, is linearly arranged along the water flow direction and forms an acute angle with the main flow direction of the water flow, and is convenient for the water flow to be guided into the channel under the action of the diversion dam; protect mound dam setting in the side of swimming of diversion dam and be located the pier upper reaches, protect the upper reaches end of mound dam and be connected with diversion dam middle part, protect the low reaches end of mound dam and be located the pier one side of keeping away from the channel side to diversion dam and protect mound dam form protection architecture in the pier upper reaches, and then avoid rivers direct impact pier.
2. The ecological type diversion pier protection structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein the pier protection dam is arranged in a straight line.
3. The ecological type diversion pier protection structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein the pier protection dam is of an arc-shaped structure.
4. The ecological type diversion pier structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the top surface of the pier protection dam is provided with grooves penetrating through the water facing side and the water backing side of the pier protection dam so as to facilitate water flowing through the groove parts to flow into piers.
5. The ecological type flow guide pier structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between a flow guide dam and a main flow direction of water flow is 10-30 degrees.
6. The ecological type diversion pier protecting structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein the top widths of the diversion dam and the pier protecting dam are 0.5-1 m; and the slope coefficients of the upstream sides of the diversion dam and the pier protection dam are both larger than 1, and the slope coefficients of the downstream sides are both larger than 0.5.
7. The ecological type diversion pier structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the water-facing slope toe of the diversion dam and the channel is more than 0.5 m.
8. The ecotype diversion pier protection structure for the long-span wading bridge according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the pier abutment surface and the diversion dam abutment surface is greater than 0.5 m.
9. The ecotype flow-guiding pier structure for the long-span wading bridge of claim 1, wherein the downstream ends of the pier-guiding dams and the flow-guiding dams reach at least 1/3 of the length of the pier.
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| CN202210014536.3A CN114351568B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Ecological diversion pier structure for long-span wading bridge |
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