CN114350373A - Resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114350373A
CN114350373A CN202210004788.8A CN202210004788A CN114350373A CN 114350373 A CN114350373 A CN 114350373A CN 202210004788 A CN202210004788 A CN 202210004788A CN 114350373 A CN114350373 A CN 114350373A
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arsenic
soil
rice
biochar
acidified soil
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冯才声
黄学顺
许伟
颜晶晶
徐聪
覃竹山
耿协苏
舒海啸
张质
尹称意
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Wuhan Xiugu Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Xiugu Technology Co ltd
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    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
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    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/165—Natural alumino-silicates, e.g. zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
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    • B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00—In situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

The invention provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. A resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in rice in acidified soil comprises the following raw materials: mineral components, biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate fertilizer to the milk vetch to the nano manganese dioxide is (1.5-3): (2-4): (0.01-0.02): (1-2): (0.2-2); it can prevent and control the arsenic content in rice and treat the soil polluted by the acidified arsenic. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking animal waste and corn straws, drying, grinding, and then heating for 1.5-2 hours in an anaerobic manner to obtain a biochar component; pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing with biochar component, phosphate fertilizer and nano manganese dioxide to obtain final product; the method has simple process, and the prepared product has good use effect.

Description

Resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Mining and smelting of arsenic and arsenic-containing metals, production of glass, pigments, raw chemicals and paper using arsenic or arsenic compounds as raw materials, combustion of coal and other processes can produce arsenic-containing waste water, waste gas and waste residues, and cause environmental pollution. Arsenic-containing wastewater, pesticides and smoke can all pollute soil. Naturally occurring soils containing high concentrations of arsenic are few, typically about 6 mg arsenic per kg soil. Arsenic in contaminated soil comes from application of arsenic-containing pesticides, discharge of arsenic-containing waste water in mines and factories, and falling of arsenic-containing fly ash discharged from coal burning and smelting.
Heavy metal contamination in soil results in crop losses in many areas. Arsenic accumulates in the soil and thus enters the crop tissue. The lowest concentration of arsenic which has toxic action on crops is 3mg/L, and the arsenic has great toxicity on aquatic organisms. Arsenic and arsenide generally enter the body through water, atmosphere, and food, causing harm. The toxicity of the element arsenic is extremely low, the arsenides are all toxic, and the trivalent arsenic compound is more toxic than other arsenic compounds. As the arsenic pollution poisoning event (acute arsenic poisoning) or the inverted public nuisance (chronic arsenic poisoning) is frequently seen, the health and the life safety of people are seriously threatened. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal pollution, especially arsenic pollution, is very important; the key to preventing and controlling arsenic pollution is to treat polluted soil and prevent arsenic from entering a food chain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which can control the content of arsenic in rice and treat acidified arsenic polluted soil.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in the acidified soil rice, the method has simple process, and the prepared product has good use effect.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which comprises the following raw materials: mineral components, biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate fertilizer to the milk vetch to the nano manganese dioxide is (1.5-3): (2-4): (0.01-0.02): (1-2): (0.2-2).
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which comprises the following steps:
taking animal waste and corn straws, drying, grinding, and then heating for 1.5-2 hours in an anaerobic manner to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing with biochar component, phosphate fertilizer and nano manganese dioxide to obtain the final product.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
according to the first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which comprises the following raw materials: mineral components, biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate fertilizer to the milk vetch to the nano manganese dioxide is (1.5-3): (2-4): (0.01-0.02): (1-2): (0.2-2).
The resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in the acidified soil rice has the advantages that mineral components such as limestone and attapulgite have good adsorption performance on heavy metals, the resistance control agent is green and environment-friendly, the cost is low, pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in the soil can be effectively controlled and passivated by matching with other raw material components, meanwhile, the mineral components can effectively neutralize the acidity of the soil, the pH environment of the soil is adjusted, and the treatment effect on the soil can be further enhanced; the biochar generally has a porous structure, has a large specific surface area, has rich functional groups on the surface, is an ideal soil remediation material, has good adsorption and passivation effects on pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil, and can improve the pH value of the soil and increase the net negative charge on the surface of the soil, so that the inhibition and control effect on heavy metal pollutants in the soil is enhanced; the soil can be supplemented with nutrients by adding the phosphate fertilizer, and meanwhile, the passivation effect on metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil can be enhanced; the nano manganese dioxide has strong adsorption capacity and oxidation capacity to heavy metal pollutants in soil, and can effectively control the migration of arsenic in the soil to rice; the milk vetch is matched as a plant material, the milk vetch can be used as an ecological feed, the nitrogen fixation capacity is strong, the utilization efficiency is high, the passivation effect on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil can be effectively enhanced by matching with other raw material components, the effectiveness of arsenic in acid soil can be reduced, and the treatment effect on the polluted soil is further enhanced. The raw materials are matched with each other, so that the pH of acidified soil can be effectively adjusted to relieve, heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil are passivated and controlled, the arsenic content in water is reduced, and the effect of treating the polluted soil is achieved.
According to a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which comprises the following steps:
taking animal waste and corn straws, drying, grinding, and then heating for 1.5-2 hours in an anaerobic manner to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing with biochar component, phosphate fertilizer and nano manganese dioxide to obtain the final product.
According to the preparation method of the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in the acidified soil rice, firstly, animal wastes and corn straws are pyrolyzed at high temperature under anaerobic conditions to form biochar, the obtained biochar contains rich functional groups on the surface, can adsorb heavy metals in the soil, can adjust the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH (potential of hydrogen), and further enhances the resistance control effect on the heavy metals, and plays a role in treating the soil; then, the mineral components and the milk vetch are crushed and sieved, and the contact area of the raw materials and the soil is increased through crushing, so that the raw materials can better exert respective effects; then uniformly mixing the mixture with the biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product. The whole preparation method is simple in flow, the prepared product resistance control agent can achieve the effects of adsorption, passivation and barrier on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in soil, can adjust the physical and chemical properties such as soil pH and the like, reduces the content of arsenic in the acidified soil rice, is good in soil treatment effect, and is convenient and rapid to use.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which comprises the following raw materials: mineral components, biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate fertilizer to the milk vetch to the nano manganese dioxide is (1.5-3): (2-4): (0.01-0.02): (1-2): (0.2-2).
The resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in the acidified soil rice has the advantages that mineral components such as limestone and attapulgite have good adsorption performance on heavy metals, the resistance control agent is green and environment-friendly, the cost is low, pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in the soil can be effectively controlled and passivated by matching with other raw material components, meanwhile, the mineral components can effectively neutralize the acidity of the soil, the pH environment of the soil is adjusted, and the treatment effect on the soil can be further enhanced; the biochar generally has a porous structure, has a large specific surface area, has rich functional groups on the surface, is an ideal soil remediation material, has good adsorption and passivation effects on pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil, and can improve the pH value of the soil, increase the net negative charge on the surface of the soil and increase cation exchange sites, so that the inhibition and control effect on heavy metal pollutants in the soil is enhanced; the soil can be supplemented with nutrients by adding the phosphate fertilizer, and meanwhile, the passivation effect on metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil can be enhanced; the nano manganese dioxide has strong adsorption capacity and oxidation capacity to heavy metal pollutants in soil, and can effectively control the migration of arsenic in the soil to rice; the milk vetch is matched as a plant material, the milk vetch can be used as an ecological feed, the nitrogen fixation capacity is strong, the utilization efficiency is high, the passivation effect on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil can be effectively enhanced by matching with other raw material components, the effectiveness of arsenic in acid soil can be reduced, and the treatment effect on the polluted soil is further enhanced. The raw materials are matched with each other, so that the pH of acidified soil can be effectively adjusted to relieve, heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil are passivated and controlled, the arsenic content in water is reduced, and the effect of treating the polluted soil is achieved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mineral component comprises the following raw materials: limestone, attapulgite and carbide slag, wherein the weight ratio of the limestone to the attapulgite is 4: 2: 1.
in the embodiment, the materials of limestone, attapulgite and carbide slag are cheap and easy to obtain, and the raw materials can effectively adsorb heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil, neutralize soil acidity and improve soil pH, so that the effect of treating soil is achieved, and the production and the use are facilitated.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the biochar component comprises the following raw materials: animal waste and corn stalks in a weight ratio of 1: 2.
in the embodiment, the animal waste and the corn straws are cheap and easy to obtain and are high-quality biological materials, so that high-quality biochar can be prepared, the pH physicochemical environment of soil can be effectively adjusted, heavy metals in the soil can be adsorbed, and the effects of passivation and inhibition control are achieved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer is sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the embodiment, sodium dihydrogen phosphate is added to serve as a phosphate fertilizer, so that the passivation effect on metal pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in soil can be enhanced in an auxiliary manner while soil nutrition is supplemented, and the treatment effect of the product on the soil is favorably improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the inhibiting and controlling agent for reducing arsenic in the rice in the acidified soil, which comprises the following steps:
taking animal waste and corn straws, drying, grinding, and then heating for 1.5-2 hours in an anaerobic manner to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing with biochar component, phosphate fertilizer and nano manganese dioxide to obtain the final product.
In the embodiment, animal manure and corn straws are pyrolyzed at high temperature and under anaerobic conditions to form biochar, the obtained biochar contains abundant functional groups on the surface, and can adsorb heavy metals in soil and adjust the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH (potential of hydrogen), so that the control effect of the heavy metals is enhanced, and the soil treatment effect is achieved; then, the mineral components and the milk vetch are crushed and sieved, and the contact area of the raw materials and the soil is increased through crushing, so that the raw materials can better exert respective effects; then uniformly mixing the mixture with the biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product. The whole preparation method is simple in flow, the prepared product resistance control agent can achieve the effects of adsorption, passivation and barrier on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in soil, can adjust the physical and chemical properties such as soil pH and the like, reduces the content of arsenic in the acidified soil rice, is good in soil treatment effect, and is convenient and rapid to use.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic heating is at 300cm3Nitrogen was introduced as protective gas at a rate of/min.
In the embodiment, nitrogen is introduced as protective gas, and the flow rate of the gas is controlled, so that air in the system can be discharged, anaerobic heating is facilitated, external pollution can be prevented, and the quality of the prepared biochar component is further improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic heating temperature is 600-.
In the embodiment, the temperature of anaerobic heating is controlled, so that the prepared biogenic amine component has stronger soil treatment capability, can better adsorb and passivate heavy metal pollutants in soil, improves the effect of regulating the pH value of the soil, can avoid the adverse effect on the effect of the prepared biochar component caused by improper heating temperature, and is more favorable for treating the soil.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, 0.04-0.3mol/L potassium permanganate solution is added into the prepared biochar component for modification treatment; wherein 5-10ml of potassium permanganate solution is added into each 1g of the biochar component.
In the embodiment, the potassium permanganate solution is added into the prepared biochar component for modification treatment, and the concentration and the added amount of the potassium permanganate solution are controlled, so that the adsorption and passivation effects of the potassium permanganate solution on arsenic in soil can be further enhanced, the treatment effect of the potassium permanganate solution on acidified soil is improved, the quality of the prepared modified biochar component is further improved, and the modified biochar component is more beneficial to production and use.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, after the potassium permanganate solution is added, ultrasonic treatment is performed for 2 hours, then constant-temperature water bath evaporation is performed, and then anaerobic heating is performed for 20-30min in a nitrogen environment at 600-700 ℃.
In the embodiment, through carrying out ultrasonic treatment, water bath evaporation to dryness and anaerobic heating treatment, the modification treatment can be more fully carried out on the biochar component through the potassium permanganate solution, the use effect of the modified biochar component obtained through preparation can be further improved, and the treatment on acidified soil can be further facilitated.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, sonication is performed at 20-30 ℃; evaporating to dryness in water bath at 85-95 deg.C.
In the above embodiment, by controlling the ultrasonic temperature and the water bath temperature, the modification process can be better ensured, adverse effects on the biochar component due to accidents in the modification process are avoided, the quality of the modified biochar component obtained by preparation is further improved, and the acidified soil is further treated.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which is prepared by the following method:
according to the following steps: 2, drying and grinding the animal excrement and the corn straws in a weight ratio of 300cm3Introducing nitrogen as protective gas at the speed of/min, and carrying out anaerobic heating at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 2h to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing at a ratio of 1.5: 3: 0.01: 1: 0.5 weight ratio of mineral component, biochar component, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide are evenly mixed to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which is prepared by the following method:
according to the following steps: 2, drying and grinding the animal excrement and the corn straws in a weight ratio of 300cm3Introducing nitrogen as protective gas at the speed of/min, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 700 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing at a ratio of 3: 4: 0.02: 2: 1.2, uniformly mixing the mineral component, the biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer, the astragalus sinicus and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which is prepared by the following method:
according to the following steps: 2, drying and grinding the animal excrement and the corn straws in a weight ratio of 300cm3Introducing nitrogen as protective gas at the speed of/min, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 700 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain a biochar component; adding 0.1mol/L potassium permanganate solution into the prepared biochar component, adding 8ml potassium permanganate solution into each 1g biochar component during adding, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 25 ℃ for 2h, then carrying out evaporation drying in a constant-temperature water bath at 85 ℃, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 700 ℃ for 20min in a nitrogen environment to obtain the modified biochar component.
Pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing at a ratio of 2: 4: 0.02: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing the mineral component, the modified biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer, the astragalus sinicus and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which is prepared by the following method:
according to the following steps: 2, drying and grinding the animal excrement and the corn straws in a weight ratio of 300cm3Introducing nitrogen as protective gas at the speed of/min, and carrying out anaerobic heating at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 2h to obtain a biochar component; adding 0.25mol/L potassium permanganate solution into the prepared biochar component, adding 6ml potassium permanganate solution into each 1g biochar component during adding, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 25 ℃ for 2h, then carrying out evaporation drying in a constant-temperature water bath at 90 ℃, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 600 ℃ for 30min in a nitrogen environment to obtain the modified biochar component.
Pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing at a ratio of 2: 4: 0.02: 2: 0.15 weight ratio of mineral components, modified biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide are evenly mixed to obtain a finished product.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice, which is prepared by the following method:
according to the following steps: 2, drying and grinding the animal excrement and the corn straws in a weight ratio of 300cm3Introducing nitrogen as protective gas at the speed of/min, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 700 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain a biochar component; adding 0.25mol/L potassium permanganate solution into the prepared biochar component, adding 8ml potassium permanganate solution into each 1g biochar component during adding, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 25 ℃ for 2h, then carrying out evaporation drying in a constant-temperature water bath at 90 ℃, and carrying out anaerobic heating at 700 ℃ for 20min in a nitrogen environment to obtain the modified biochar component.
Pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing at a ratio of 2: 4: 0.02: 2: 1.5, uniformly mixing the mineral component, the modified biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer, the astragalus sinicus and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product.
Test examples
Selecting an acidic rice field polluted by heavy metals, dividing the rice field into 6 test fields according to 1.5m by 1.5m, and ploughing the soil before planting; the resistance control agents provided in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were applied to 5 of the test plots, respectively, at 2% of the soil mass, and the other test plot was not treated as a blank group; after maintaining and culturing for 30 days, planting the rice, and after the rice is mature, detecting the content of arsenic in the rice according to GB5009.11-2014 (determination of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in national standard food for food safety), wherein the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Group of Arsenic content in rice (mg/kg) Rate of decrease
Test field 1 0.25 61％
Test field 2 0.21 67％
Test field 3 0.17 73％
Test field 4 0.18 72％
Test field 5 0.16 75％
Blank group 0.64 -
According to results, the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in the rice in the acidified soil can effectively control the absorption of the rice to the arsenic; the effect of examples 3 to 5 in which the biocarbon component was modified was significantly stronger than that of examples 1 to 2 in which the biocarbon component was not modified, and the best effect was obtained in example 5.
In conclusion, in the barrier agent for reducing arsenic in rice in acidified soil and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the barrier agent, mineral components such as limestone and attapulgite have good adsorption performance on heavy metals, are green and environment-friendly, have low cost, can effectively control and passivate pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in soil by matching with other raw material components, and can effectively neutralize soil acidity, adjust soil pH environment and further enhance the treatment effect on soil; the biochar generally has a porous structure, has a large specific surface area, has rich functional groups on the surface, is an ideal soil remediation material, has good adsorption and passivation effects on pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil, and can improve the pH value of the soil, increase the net negative charge on the surface of the soil and increase cation exchange sites, so that the inhibition and control effect on heavy metal pollutants in the soil is enhanced; the soil can be supplemented with nutrients by adding the phosphate fertilizer, and meanwhile, the passivation effect on metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil can be enhanced; the nano manganese dioxide has strong adsorption capacity and oxidation capacity to heavy metal pollutants in soil, and can effectively control the migration of arsenic in the soil to rice; the milk vetch is matched as a plant material, the milk vetch can be used as an ecological feed, the nitrogen fixation capacity is strong, the utilization efficiency is high, the passivation effect on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in soil can be effectively enhanced by matching with other raw material components, the effectiveness of arsenic in acid soil can be reduced, and the treatment effect on the polluted soil is further enhanced. The raw materials are matched with each other, so that the pH of acidified soil can be effectively adjusted to relieve, heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic, cadmium and the like in the soil are passivated and controlled, the arsenic content in water is reduced, and the effect of treating the polluted soil is achieved.
According to the preparation method, firstly, animal wastes and corn straws are pyrolyzed under high-temperature and anaerobic conditions to form biochar, the obtained biochar contains abundant functional groups on the surface, can adsorb heavy metals in soil, can adjust the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH (potential of hydrogen), further enhances the control effect of the heavy metals, and plays a role in treating the soil; then, the mineral components and the milk vetch are crushed and sieved, and the contact area of the raw materials and the soil is increased through crushing, so that the raw materials can better exert respective effects; then uniformly mixing the mixture with the biochar component, the phosphate fertilizer and the nano manganese dioxide to obtain a finished product. The whole preparation method is simple in flow, the prepared product resistance control agent can achieve the effects of adsorption, passivation and barrier on heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic and cadmium in soil, can adjust the physical and chemical properties such as soil pH and the like, reduces the content of arsenic in the acidified soil rice, is good in soil treatment effect, and is convenient and rapid to use.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in rice in acidified soil is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: mineral components, biochar components, phosphate fertilizer, milk vetch and nano manganese dioxide, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate fertilizer to the milk vetch to the nano manganese dioxide is (1.5-3): (2-4): (0.01-0.02): (1-2): (0.2-2).
2. The resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mineral components comprise the following raw materials: limestone, attapulgite and carbide slag, wherein the weight ratio of the limestone to the attapulgite is 4: 2: 1.
3. the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biochar component comprises the following raw materials: animal waste and corn stalks in a weight ratio of 1: 2.
4. the inhibitor for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
5. A method for preparing the inhibitor for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
taking animal waste and corn straws, drying, grinding, and then heating for 1.5-2 hours in an anaerobic manner to obtain a biochar component;
pulverizing and sieving mineral components and Astragalus sinicus, and mixing with biochar component, phosphate fertilizer and nano manganese dioxide to obtain the final product.
6. The method for preparing the inhibitor for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 5, wherein the concentration of arsenic in the acidified soil rice is 300cm during anaerobic heating3Nitrogen was introduced as protective gas at a rate of/min.
7. The method for preparing the inhibitor for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 5, wherein the anaerobic heating temperature is 600-700 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 5, wherein 0.04-0.3mol/L potassium permanganate solution is added into the prepared biochar component for modification treatment; wherein 5-10ml of potassium permanganate solution is added into each 1g of the biochar component.
9. The method for preparing the inhibitor for reducing arsenic in rice in acidified soil as claimed in claim 8, wherein the potassium permanganate solution is added, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 2h, then constant temperature water bath is carried out for evaporation, and anaerobic heating is carried out for 20-30min under the nitrogen environment and the temperature of 600-.
10. The preparation method of the resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice as claimed in claim 9, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of performing ultrasonic treatment at 20-30 ℃; evaporating to dryness in water bath at 85-95 deg.C.
CN202210004788.8A 2022-01-04 2022-01-04 Resistance control agent for reducing arsenic in acidified soil rice and preparation method thereof Pending CN114350373A (en)

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Application publication date: 20220415