CN112453046A - Composite conditioner for repairing acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, repairing method and application - Google Patents
Composite conditioner for repairing acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, repairing method and application Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite conditioner for repairing acid cadmium-containing polluted soil, a repairing method and application, belongs to the technical field of polluted soil repairing, and aims at mild acid cadmium-containing polluted soil, wherein the composite conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite; aiming at the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate. The composite conditioner can effectively reduce the content of the cadmium in the effective state in the soil, reduce the absorption of crops to the cadmium in the soil, and obviously overcome the defect that the content of the cadmium in the effective state in the soil is reduced by a single conditioner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil remediation, in particular to a composite conditioner for remedying acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, a remediation method and application.
Background
The slag heap of the mining, smelting and stockpiling of metal mines is affected by acid rain, is easy to dissolve out acid wastewater containing heavy metals, and enters water environment or soil environment along with surface runoff, thereby indirectly or directly causing heavy metal pollution in peripheral water sources or soil. Among the heavy metal pollution mentioned above, cadmium is one of the most common heavy metals contaminated by soil; cadmium in soil can cause certain toxic action on plants, mainly manifested by withered and yellow leaves, reduced chlorophyll and obstruction of respiration, photosynthesis and transpiration of the plants, thereby reducing yield and quality. Meanwhile, after cadmium in soil enters a human body through respiration or a food chain, except for a small part of cadmium is excreted through excrement and urine, the rest part of cadmium is dissolved in blood, symptoms such as chest distress, short breath, dizziness, nausea, general aching pain, weakness, fever and the like occur, and the kidney, bones and digestive system of the organism are seriously damaged.
At present, the treatment and restoration technology of cadmium polluted soil is mainly divided into three methods of chemical method, physical method and biological restoration; the method is the first choice for repairing the cadmium-polluted soil. Chemical passivation repair refers to the process of adding a passivation material into soil to enable the passivation material to react with heavy metals such as ion exchange, complexing adsorption, precipitation/coprecipitation, oxidation reduction, isomorphous replacement and the like, so that the heavy metals are converted from a form which is easy to be absorbed by plants into a form which is inactive in chemical properties, the plant effectiveness and the biological toxicity of the heavy metals in the soil environment are reduced, and the heavy metals are blocked from entering crops. The chemical passivation restoration technology has the advantages of high restoration speed, good stability, low cost, simple operation and the like, does not influence agricultural production, can realize the restoration while producing, and is particularly suitable for restoring large-area medium-light heavy metal polluted farmland soil.
The passivation material is a key determinant factor of a chemical passivation repair technology, and because different heavy metals have unique chemical properties and migration performance in soil, the activity of cadmium in farmland soil can be directly reduced by finding out a single passivation material is difficult. Although some composite conditioners for repairing cadmium-polluted soil also appear in the prior art, most of the composite conditioners have the defects of common effect, high soil pH value, poor stability, soil hardening and the like. Therefore, a novel safe and efficient compound conditioner for cadmium-containing polluted soil is urgently needed to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a composite conditioner for repairing acid cadmium-containing polluted soil, a repairing method and application.
The invention aims to provide a compound conditioner for repairing acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, which comprises the following components in part by weight:
calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite; or the like, or, alternatively,
calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
aiming at the light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with the pH of 5-6 and the total cadmium content of 0.3-0.9 mg/kg, the compound conditioner comprises the following formula:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite;
component B1 including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and hydroxyapatite;
the mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B1 component is 3.2:1: 1.8.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
in the component A1, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component A2, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component B1, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite is 3:6: 1.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
aiming at moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with pH of 5-6 and total cadmium content of 0.9-1.5 mg/kg, the formula of the compound conditioner comprises the following components:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite;
b2 component including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate;
the mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B2 component is 2.4:1: 2.5.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
in the component A1, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component A2, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component B2, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite to the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the humic acid to the ferrous sulfate is 3:6:1:4:2: 1.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate are both in industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 80 percent;
the particle size of the diatomite is more than 200 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 60 percent;
the magnesium oxide is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 75 percent;
the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade, more than 12% of phosphorus pentoxide and more than 80 meshes of particle size;
the hydroxyapatite is of industrial grade, more than 50 percent of calcium oxide and more than 40 percent of phosphorus pentoxide;
the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is of an industrial grade, 40-60 meshes and has the purity of more than 90%;
the humic acid is of industrial grade, and the dry basis of the humic acid is more than 40%;
the ferrous sulfate is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than 85%.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a remediation method for remediating acidic cadmium-containing contaminated soil based on a composite conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting and analyzing cadmium contaminated soil to be repaired, and detecting the pH value of the contaminated soil and the total amount range of cadmium;
2, deeply ploughing the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by using a rotary cultivator, crushing and raking large soil particles, and uniformly spreading a compound conditioner;
step 3, carrying out secondary deep ploughing on the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by using a rotary cultivator, fully and uniformly mixing the composite conditioner and the cadmium-polluted soil, and then spraying a proper amount of water to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%;
and 4, after one week of maintenance, planting crops and managing water and fertilizer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in said step 1,
the pH value of the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.3-0.9 mg/kg;
the pH value of the moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.9-1.5 mg/kg.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in said step 2,
in slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite, and the adding amount of the compound conditioner is 1.49 t/mu;
in moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate, and the addition amount of the compound conditioner is 1.29 t/mu.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the compound conditioner, and the compound conditioner is suitable for the application of improving medium and light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the composite conditioner can effectively reduce the content of the cadmium in the effective state in the soil, reduce the absorption of crops to the cadmium in the soil, and obviously overcome the defect that the content of the cadmium in the effective state in the soil is reduced by a single conditioner;
2. magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is introduced into the composite conditioner, so that the pH value can be effectively prevented from being too high, and meanwhile, the introduced magnesium ions and heavy metal ions such as cadmium in soil generate an antagonistic effect, so that the repairing effect is improved;
3. the diatomite is introduced into the composite conditioner, the composite conditioner belongs to clay minerals, and the surfaces of the minerals can effectively perform ion exchange adsorption, fix heavy metals and the like; meanwhile, the diatomite is a biogenic mineral and is a natural, safe and environment-friendly soil conditioner;
4. the composite conditioner disclosed by the invention is low in dosage when used for repairing acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, can adjust the pH of the soil, improve the soil fertility, promote the growth of crops, increase the crop yield and reduce the dosage of pesticides, and is suitable for engineering application of moderate and mild acidic cadmium-containing polluted farmland soil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below:
the invention provides a composite conditioner for repairing acid cadmium-containing polluted soil, which comprises the following components in part by weight:
aiming at the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite;
aiming at the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
aiming at the light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with the pH of 5-6 and the total cadmium content of 0.3-0.9 mg/kg, the compound conditioner comprises the following formula:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth; preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite; preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
component B1 including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and hydroxyapatite; preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite is 3:6: 1.
The mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B1 component is 3.2:1: 1.8.
Aiming at moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with pH of 5-6 and total cadmium content of 0.9-1.5 mg/kg, the formula of the compound conditioner comprises the following components:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth; preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite; preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
b2 component including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate; preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite to the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the humic acid to the ferrous sulfate is 3:6:1:4:2: 1;
the mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B2 component is 2.4:1: 2.5.
Further, the selection requirements of the components are as follows:
the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate are both in industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 80 percent;
the particle size of the diatomite is more than 200 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 60 percent;
the magnesium oxide is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 75 percent;
the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade, more than 12 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and more than 80 meshes of particle size;
the hydroxyapatite is of industrial grade, more than 50 percent of calcium oxide and more than 40 percent of phosphorus pentoxide;
magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is of industrial grade, 40-60 meshes and has the purity of more than 90%;
the humic acid is of industrial grade, and the dry basis of the humic acid is more than 40 percent;
the ferrous sulfate is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than 85 percent.
The invention also provides a restoration method for restoring the acid cadmium-containing polluted soil based on the compound conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting and analyzing cadmium contaminated soil to be repaired, and detecting the pH value of the contaminated soil and the total amount range of cadmium; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pH value of the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.3-0.9 mg/kg;
the pH value of the moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.9-1.5 mg/kg.
2, ploughing the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by a rotary cultivator to a depth of 30cm, crushing and raking large soil particles, and uniformly spreading a compound conditioner; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the adding amount of the compound conditioner is 1.49 t/mu;
in moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the addition amount of the compound conditioner is 1.29 t/mu.
Step 3, performing secondary deep ploughing of 30cm on the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by using a rotary cultivator to fully and uniformly mix the compound conditioner and the cadmium-polluted soil, and then spraying a proper amount of water to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%;
and 4, after one week of maintenance, planting crops such as corn and the like and managing water and fertilizer.
The invention also provides an application of the composite conditioner, and the composite conditioner is suitable for the application of improving medium and light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil.
After the moderate and mild acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is treated by adopting a chemical passivation method, the reduction rate of the effective cadmium in the soil in the mild region reaches over 47.7 percent, and the cadmium content in the crop corn is lower than the standard limit value in the national food safety standard; the reduction rate of the available cadmium in the soil in the moderate area averagely reaches over 55.9 percent, and the cadmium content in the crop corn is lower than the standard limit value in the national standard food for food safety.
The repairing principle of each component in the compound conditioner is as follows:
the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the hydroxyapatite belong to phosphorus-containing materials and can effectively adsorb heavy metals or form precipitates with the heavy metals; the magnesium oxide, the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate can improve the pH value of the soil, increase the negative charge on the surface of soil colloid and promote the adsorption or induction of heavy metals to form hydroxide precipitates; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate can effectively prevent the pH value from being too high, and meanwhile, introduced magnesium ions and heavy metal ions such as cadmium in soil generate antagonistic action; the diatomite belongs to clay minerals, and the surfaces of the minerals can effectively perform ion exchange adsorption, heavy metal fixation and the like; various active functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, alcoholic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl and the like in humic acid molecules can also interact with soluble heavy metal ions such as cadmium and the like to form a stable complex.
The invention can fully exert the synergistic effect of a plurality of medicaments through different action mechanisms of the components, thereby reducing the content of easily soluble heavy metals such as cadmium and the like in the soil in a short time, realizing the purposes of harmless treatment on the polluted soil and soil improvement, blocking the cadmium in the soil from entering crops and ensuring the safety of the crops.
Example (b):
selection and preparation of contaminated land
The land blocks to be tested are selected from a cadmium-polluted farmland in Luzhou city, Sichuan province, and about 10 mu of land is selected from a light-polluted area and a medium-polluted area respectively, wherein the number of the light-polluted area is Q1, the interior of the light-polluted area is divided into a contrast area, a No. 1 restoration area and a No. 2 restoration area, the areas of the light-polluted area are respectively 2 mu, 4 mu and 4 mu, and the numbers of the light-polluted area and the medium-polluted area are respectively CK1, QH1 and QH 2. The medium pollution area is numbered as Z1, the interior of the medium pollution area is divided into a contrast area, a No. 1 repair area and a No. 2 repair area, the areas are respectively 2 mu, 4 mu and 4 mu, and the numbers are respectively CK2, ZH1 and ZH 2. After the target plot is selected, deep ploughing is carried out on the cadmium-polluted farmland soil to be restored by a rotary cultivator by 30cm, large soil particles are crushed and raked to be used subsequently. The soil heavy metal pollution degree determination method, the agricultural land soil pollution risk screening value and the physical and chemical properties of the tested soil are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 determination method of soil heavy metal pollution degree
| Super-standard grade | Pi value | Degree of exceeding standard |
| Ⅰ | Pi≤1.0 | Not exceeding standard |
| Ⅱ | 1.0＜Pi≤2.0 | Light and slight |
| Ⅲ | 2.0＜Pi≤3.0 | Mild degree of |
| Ⅳ | 3.0＜Pi≤5.0 | Of moderate degree |
| Ⅴ | Pi＞5.0 | Severe degree |
TABLE 2 agricultural land soil pollution Risk screening value (mg/kg)
TABLE 3 summary of physicochemical properties of soil to be tested
Example 1
Accurately weighing 5.96t of the compound conditioner, adding the compound conditioner into a QH1 plot, wherein 2.56tA1 (calcium hydroxide), 0.8tA2 (calcium carbonate) and 1.76tB1(0.528t of magnesium oxide, 1.056t of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 0.176t of hydroxyapatite). After the conditioner is added, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 30cm, so that the conditioner and the cadmium polluted soil are fully and uniformly mixed, and then a proper amount of water is sprayed to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%.
Example 2
5.96t of complex conditioner was weighed out and added to QH2 plots, 3.2tA1(2.56t calcium hydroxide, 0.64t diatomaceous earth), 1tA2(0.8t calcium carbonate, 0.2t diatomaceous earth) and 1.76tB1(0.528t magnesium oxide, 1.056t calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.176t hydroxyapatite). After the conditioner is added, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 30cm, so that the conditioner and the cadmium polluted soil are fully and uniformly mixed, and then a proper amount of water is sprayed to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%.
Example 3
5.368t of the complex conditioner was weighed out and added to a ZH1 plot, 2.048tA1 (calcium hydroxide), 0.8tA2 (calcium carbonate) and 2.52tB2(0.445 magnesium oxide, 0.9t calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.148t hydroxyapatite, 0.593t magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.286t humic acid, 0.148t ferrous sulfate). After the conditioner is added, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 30cm, so that the conditioner and the cadmium polluted soil are fully and uniformly mixed, and then a proper amount of water is sprayed to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%.
Example 4
5.92t of the complex conditioner was weighed out and added to a ZH2 plot, 2.4tA1(2.048t calcium hydroxide, 0.352t diatomaceous earth), 1tA2(0.8t calcium carbonate, 0.2t diatomaceous earth) and 2.52tB2(0.445 magnesium oxide, 0.9t calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.148t hydroxyapatite, 0.593t magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.286t humic acid, 0.148t ferrous sulfate). After the conditioner is added, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 30cm, so that the conditioner and the cadmium polluted soil are fully and uniformly mixed, and then a proper amount of water is sprayed to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%.
The control zone was identical to the repair zone except that no conditioning agent was applied. The crop to be tested is corn, and the variety is Yuhao Single No. 4. And (5) sowing and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to a normal planting method.
The test results are shown in the following table.
Table 4 general table of physical and chemical properties of soil after remediation
As can be seen from the above table, the pH value of the soil is changed from acidic to weakly alkaline after the conditioner is added. The content of the effective cadmium in the slightly polluted soil is reduced by 49.95 percent compared with that in the control area on average, and after the kieselguhr is added into the conditioner, the reduction rate of the effective cadmium is improved from 47.7 percent to 52.2 percent. The content of the effective cadmium in the moderately polluted soil is averagely reduced by 62.25 percent compared with that in the control area, and after the diatomite is added into the conditioner, the reduction rate of the effective cadmium is improved from 55.9 percent to 68.6 percent. In addition, the cadmium content in all the corn samples in the repair area is lower than the standard limit value in the national food safety standard, namely pollutant limit, and the cadmium content in the corn samples in the repair area is averagely reduced by 95.4-97.7% compared with that in the control area, so that the cadmium content in the corn plants is greatly reduced.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The compound conditioner for repairing acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite; or the like, or, alternatively,
calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate.
2. Compound conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that,
aiming at the light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with the pH of 5-6 and the total cadmium content of 0.3-0.9 mg/kg, the compound conditioner comprises the following formula:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite;
component B1 including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and hydroxyapatite;
the mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B1 component is 3.2:1: 1.8.
3. Compound conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that,
in the component A1, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component A2, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component B1, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite is 3:6: 1.
4. Compound conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that,
aiming at moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil with pH of 5-6 and total cadmium content of 0.9-1.5 mg/kg, the formula of the compound conditioner comprises the following components:
a1 component comprising calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth;
a2 component comprising calcium carbonate and diatomite;
b2 component including magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate;
the mass ratio of the A1 component to the A2 component to the B2 component is 2.4:1: 2.5.
5. Compound conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that,
in the component A1, the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component A2, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the diatomite is 8: 2;
in the component B2, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the hydroxyapatite to the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the humic acid to the ferrous sulfate is 3:6:1:4:2: 1.
6. A composite conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate are both in industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 80 percent;
the particle size of the diatomite is more than 200 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 60 percent;
the magnesium oxide is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than or equal to 75 percent;
the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade, more than 12% of phosphorus pentoxide and more than 80 meshes of particle size;
the hydroxyapatite is of industrial grade, more than 50 percent of calcium oxide and more than 40 percent of phosphorus pentoxide;
the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is of an industrial grade, 40-60 meshes and has the purity of more than 90%;
the humic acid is of industrial grade, and the dry basis of the humic acid is more than 40%;
the ferrous sulfate is of industrial grade, and the effective content is more than 85%.
7. A restoration method for restoring acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil based on the compound conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting and analyzing cadmium contaminated soil to be repaired, and detecting the pH value of the contaminated soil and the total amount range of cadmium;
2, deeply ploughing the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by using a rotary cultivator, crushing and raking large soil particles, and uniformly spreading a compound conditioner;
step 3, carrying out secondary deep ploughing on the cadmium-polluted soil to be repaired by using a rotary cultivator, fully and uniformly mixing the composite conditioner and the cadmium-polluted soil, and then spraying a proper amount of water to keep the water content of the soil between 25% and 30%;
and 4, after one week of maintenance, planting crops and managing water and fertilizer.
8. The repair method according to claim 7, wherein, in the step 1,
the pH value of the slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.3-0.9 mg/kg;
the pH value of the moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil is 5-6, and the total amount of cadmium is 0.9-1.5 mg/kg.
9. The repair method according to claim 8, wherein, in the step 2,
in slightly acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and hydroxyapatite, and the adding amount of the compound conditioner is 1.49 t/mu;
in moderate acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil, the compound conditioner comprises calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, diatomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, hydroxyapatite, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, humic acid and ferrous sulfate, and the addition amount of the compound conditioner is 1.29 t/mu.
10. The application of the compound conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the compound conditioner is suitable for application in improving medium and light acidic cadmium-containing polluted soil.
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