CN114349342A - Preparation method of novel color BIPV - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel color BIPV Download PDFInfo
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- CN114349342A CN114349342A CN202210184290.4A CN202210184290A CN114349342A CN 114349342 A CN114349342 A CN 114349342A CN 202210184290 A CN202210184290 A CN 202210184290A CN 114349342 A CN114349342 A CN 114349342A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a preparation method of novel colored BIPV, which comprises the following steps of S1, plating a multilayer optical film on the surface of a glass substrate, and controlling the visible light transmittance to be 30-90%, the reflectivity to be 70-10% and the absorptivity to be less than 0.5%; s2, separating the plated optical film from the glass substrate, and taking out the thin film layer; s3, grinding the thin film layer until the granularity of powder reaches 10-60 mu m to obtain semitransparent color pigment; s4, uniformly mixing and stirring the pigment and the transparent glaze, and selecting different mixing ratios of the pigment and the transparent glaze according to the requirements of appearance and transmittance; s5, coating the prepared pigment on front plate glass of BIPV (building integrated photovoltaics) through a screen printing process; and S6, sintering the front glass plate coated with the pigment at a high temperature to obtain the front colored glass sheet. The invention has rich color types, is coordinated with the appearance and color tone of a building, and greatly reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency loss of the photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a preparation method of novel colored BIPV.
Background
BIPV combines building materials with photovoltaic devices, and is directly used as a part of an external structure of a building, so that the building has the functions of power generation and building materials. The photovoltaic curtain wall can be applied to building roofs, can also be used as a photovoltaic curtain wall, a photovoltaic sun shield, a photovoltaic breast board and the like, and the photovoltaic power generation capacity of a building is greatly improved.
Whether a crystalline silicon cell or a thin film cell is used, the appearance color is dark blue or blue black tone, which is determined by the material characteristics of the solar cell, and the color is too dark and monotonous. However, in the design of building appearance, light and color are integrated and play an important role. The color can be used as an element independently, and can also be combined with the material to be used as a whole to play a role together, thereby adding points to the modeling of the building. Therefore, if the color of the solar cell is too single, the overall appearance color, style and shape of the building can be adversely affected, so that the colorful building photovoltaic glass with gorgeous color and controllable color selection can meet the increasingly-promoted aesthetic requirements of the public, meanwhile, the application prospect of the colorful building photovoltaic glass is widened, and the added value of the product is greatly increased.
In the prior art, color BIPV products are mainly divided into organic products and inorganic products, the defect of excessive power loss of a photovoltaic module exists, the organic color BIPV products are made of organic UV (ultraviolet) coatings and used as outdoor building appearance use products, and due to the existence of solar radiation, the service life of the organic products is greatly shortened, and the requirement of building appearance for not changing color for more than 25 years cannot be met; the optical film BIPV product is prepared by a vacuum coating process, and has expensive large-scale production equipment, complex manufacturing process, lower yield and high cost. Digital printing products are high in price, the light absorption of film materials is large, and the power loss of the photovoltaic module is large.
The color BIPV processing mainly comprises a vacuum coating process, a high-temperature colored glaze process and a digital printing process, but has certain defects, the vacuum coating mainly adopts a magnetron sputtering coating process, glass is firstly cleaned, then vacuum coating processing is carried out, and the deposition of multiple layers of materials is completed through a vacuum magnetron sputtering production line; the film type light splitting film has complex process, spectrum shift after glue clamping causes great change of film reflection, the problem of chromatic aberration of finished products is easy to generate in actual use, and the manufacturing cost is high. High-temperature colored glaze is prepared by printing inorganic glaze on the surface of glass, and then permanently sintering the glaze on the surface of the glass through drying, toughening or thermalization processing; the existing colored glaze has the problem of large light absorption of pigment, so that the power of a finished photovoltaic module is greatly reduced. The digital printing is that the organic low-temperature or high-temperature printing ink is printed on the surface of the glass through printing equipment, and then the coating is cured on the surface of the glass through drying and thermalization processing, so that the price is higher, the light absorption of the film material is large, and the power loss of the photovoltaic module is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a novel color BIPV, comprising the following steps:
s1, plating a plurality of layers of optical films on the surface of a glass substrate, and controlling the visible light transmittance to be 30-90%, the reflectivity to be 70-10% and the absorptivity to be less than 0.5%;
s2, separating the plated optical film from the glass substrate, and taking out the film layer;
s3, grinding the thin film layer until the granularity of powder reaches 10-60 mu m to obtain a transparent glaze;
s4, uniformly mixing and stirring the pigment and the transparent glaze, and selecting different mixing proportions of the pigment and the transparent glaze according to the requirements of appearance and transmittance;
s5, coating the prepared pigment on front glass of the BIPV through a screen printing process;
and S6, sintering the front glass plate coated with the pigment at a high temperature to obtain the front colored glass sheet.
Further, in the step S1, the optical film material is a high temperature resistant material, and can resist a high temperature of not less than 700 ℃.
Further, in S1, the optical film material is formed by compounding a high refractive index material H and a low refractive index material L, and the number expression of the film layer structure is (H + L)n +H。
Further, the high refractive index material H is Si3N4， SnO2，AZO，ITO，TiO2， Ti3O5， Ti2O3，Nb2O5，ZrO2In AlNOne or more of (a).
Further, the low refractive index material L is Al2O3，SiO2And MgF.
Further, in S1, before the film is coated on the surface of the glass substrate, a release film is attached to the surface of the substrate.
Further, the release film material is PET.
Further, the glass substrate is ultra-thin glass, and after film coating is finished, the ultra-thin glass and the film layer are ground together to be used as pigment powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts multilayer film superposed nanometer inorganic material, disperses in transparent high temperature glaze, coats on the surface of front glass plate by silk screen printing, and forms color coating by high temperature sintering above 700 ℃; the novel color BIPV product greatly reduces the power loss of the BIPV photovoltaic module; the product has stable quality, strong film adhesion and stable production process, and meets the use requirement of photovoltaic products for 25 years.
The invention solves two problems of dark and single color and complex manufacturing process of the conventional BIPV product, so that the color of the BIPV product is rich and is coordinated with the appearance and color tone of a building, meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency loss of a photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, and the process manufacturing process is more flexible, simple and reliable; and the color BIPV product has lower cost and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Compared with the existing colored glaze type BIPV product, the photoelectric conversion efficiency loss of the invention is greatly reduced, the loss proportion is less than 20%, and the loss of other common glaze materials is about 40%; compared with the existing coating type BIPV product, the invention has simple and flexible process and is easy to control chromatic aberration. The method is suitable for low-cost mass production, meets the use requirement of photovoltaic products for 25 years, and has a stable processing technology.
Glaze uses in front bezel glass lateral surface or medial surface, on glass is printed on through the mode of printing, and the tempering is carried out to rethread tempering furnace, and glaze and glass combine closely under the high temperature, forms the optical film at the glass face, and glass can embody different colours, and colour accessible optical coating composition adjusts, realizes multiple colour.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of the present invention is provided below. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
Taking a cadmium telluride (CdTc) thin-film solar BIPV product as an example, a typical structure of the product comprises front plate glass, PVB, power generation glass, PVB and back plate glass which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the front plate glass is used as the outermost layer of the BIPV product, the appearance color of the front plate glass can determine the exterior three-dimensional color and the overall appearance effect of a building, and the preparation method of the colored front plate glass comprises the following steps:
1. plating a multilayer optical film on the surface of glass: the visible light transmittance is controlled to be 30-90%, the reflectivity is 70-10%, the absorptivity is less than 0.5%, the plated film material can resist high temperature (not less than 700 ℃), and the plated film material is an H-type high-refractive-index material, namely Si3N4， SnO2，AZO，ITO，TiO2， Ti3O5， Ti2O3，Nb2O5，ZrO2One or more of AlN, and L-type low refractive index material Al2O3，SiO2One or more of MgF, the optical film material is formed by compounding a high refractive index material H and a low refractive index material L, and the number expression of the film layer structure is (H + L)n+ H, i.e. on the glass substrate, high refractive index material and low refractive index material are plated alternately for n times, and the outermost layer is high refractive index material.
2. And (3) optical film extraction and processing: the plated optical film is separated from the glass substrate, the separation method is that before the substrate is plated with the film, a layer of release film is pasted on the surface of the substrate, the release film can adopt PET, and after the optical film is plated, the film is separated from the substrate.
3. Pigment preparation: grinding the optical film to obtain powder with a particle size of 10-60 μm.
4. Pigment dispersion in transparent glaze: the pigment and the transparent glaze are uniformly mixed and stirred, and different mixing ratios of the pigment and the transparent glaze are selected according to the requirements of appearance and transmittance.
5. Screen printing: the method is carried out according to the common glass screen printing process.
6. And (3) high-temperature sintering: and (4) sintering at high temperature according to the common glass toughening step to finish the color glass front piece.
By the above method, non-colored BIPV products can be prepared, and by this method, non-colored BIPV products can be prepared.
Influence on photoelectric conversion efficiency of the product:
the fabricated BIPV color module compares the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a cadmium telluride (CdTe) cell chip not encapsulated with a colored front sheet glass: compared with a CdTe chip which is not packaged by the colored front plate glass, the conversion efficiency of the BIPV assembly packaged by the colored front plate glass has certain breakage, and the breakage amplitude of the front plate glass with different colors is different. The power loss of the color BIPV manufactured by using the prepared colored glaze is within 20 percent, compared with the existing common colored glaze and the existing coated front plate glass, the power loss of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is greatly reduced (the power loss of the existing common colored glaze and the existing coated front plate glass is more than 40 percent), the product meets the use requirement of a photovoltaic product for 25 years, the processing technology is stable, the color adjustment is flexible, and the color difference control of the product is simple.
Example 2
Taking a cadmium telluride (CdTc) thin-film solar BIPV product as an example, a typical structure of the product comprises front plate glass, PVB, power generation glass, PVB and back plate glass which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the front plate glass is used as the outermost layer of the BIPV product, the appearance color of the front plate glass can determine the exterior three-dimensional color and the overall appearance effect of a building, and the preparation method of the colored front plate glass comprises the following steps:
1. plating a multilayer optical film on the surface of glass: the visible light transmittance is controlled to be 30-90%, the reflectivity is 70-10%, the absorptivity is less than 0.5%, the plated film material can resist high temperature (not less than 700 ℃), and the film material is an H-type high-refractive-index material, namely Si3N4， SnO2，AZO，ITO，TiO2， Ti3O5， Ti2O3，Nb2O5，ZrO2One or more of AlN, and L-type low refractive index material Al2O3，SiO2One or more of MgF, the optical film material is formed by compounding a high refractive index material H and a low refractive index material L, and the number expression of the film layer structure is (H + L)n+ H, i.e. on the glass substrate, high refractive index material and low refractive index material are plated alternately for n times, and the outermost layer is high refractive index material.
2. And (3) optical film extraction and processing: the optical film is directly plated on the ultrathin glass, and after the film plating is finished, the ultrathin glass and the film layer are ground together to be used as pigment powder.
3. Pigment preparation: grinding the optical film to obtain powder with a particle size of 10-60 μm.
4. Pigment dispersion in transparent glaze: the pigment and the transparent glaze are uniformly mixed and stirred, and different mixing ratios of the pigment and the transparent glaze are selected according to the requirements of appearance and transmittance.
5. Screen printing: the method is carried out according to the common glass screen printing process.
6. And (3) high-temperature sintering: and (4) sintering at high temperature according to the common glass toughening step to finish the color glass front piece.
The product appearance is as follows: by this method we can produce BIPV products without color.
Influence on photoelectric conversion efficiency of the product:
the fabricated BIPV color module compares the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a cadmium telluride (CdTe) cell chip not encapsulated with a colored front sheet glass: compared with a CdTe chip which is not packaged by the colored front plate glass, the conversion efficiency of the BIPV assembly packaged by the colored front plate glass has certain breakage, and the breakage amplitude of the front plate glass with different colors is different. The power loss of the color BIPV manufactured by using the prepared colored glaze is within 20 percent, compared with the existing common colored glaze and the existing coated front plate glass, the power loss of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is greatly reduced (the power loss of the existing common colored glaze and the existing coated front plate glass is more than 40 percent), the product meets the use requirement of a photovoltaic product for 25 years, the processing technology is stable, the color adjustment is flexible, and the color difference control of the product is simple.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of novel color BIPV is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, plating a plurality of layers of optical films on the surface of a glass substrate, and controlling the visible light transmittance to be 30-90%, the reflectivity to be 70-10% and the absorptivity to be less than 0.5%;
s2, separating the plated optical film from the glass substrate, and taking out the film layer;
s3, grinding the thin film layer until the granularity of powder reaches 10-60 mu m to obtain a transparent glaze;
s4, uniformly mixing and stirring the pigment and the transparent glaze, and selecting different mixing proportions of the pigment and the transparent glaze according to the requirements of appearance and transmittance;
s5, coating the prepared pigment on front glass of the BIPV through a screen printing process;
and S6, sintering the front glass plate coated with the pigment at a high temperature to obtain the front colored glass sheet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in S1, the optical film is made of a high temperature resistant material, which can resist a high temperature of 700 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in S1, the optical film material is composed of high refractive index material H and low refractive index material L, and the number expression of the film layer structure is (H + L)n +H。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the high refractive index material H is Si3N4， SnO2，AZO，ITO，TiO2， Ti3O5， Ti2O3，Nb2O5，ZrO2One or more of AlN.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the low refractive index material L is Al2O3，SiO2And MgF.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, a release film is applied to the surface of the glass substrate before the surface of the substrate is coated with the film.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the release film material is PET.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the glass substrate is ultra-thin glass, and after the coating process is completed, the ultra-thin glass and the thin film layer are ground together to form pigment powder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210184290.4A CN114349342A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Preparation method of novel color BIPV |
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| CN202210184290.4A CN114349342A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Preparation method of novel color BIPV |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116063880A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-05-05 | 隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Printing ink and color photovoltaic assembly |
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| CN110888187A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-17 | 深圳市融光纳米科技有限公司 | Multilayer optical film, high-brightness pigment and preparation method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-02-28 CN CN202210184290.4A patent/CN114349342A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| JP2009075325A (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-04-09 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Antireflection film |
| CN201424436Y (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-03-17 | 天津南玻节能玻璃有限公司 | Low-reflective coated glass |
| CN101898871A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-01 | 天津南玻节能玻璃有限公司 | Low-reflection plating glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN104553126A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 宜昌南玻显示器件有限公司 | Antireflection glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN105398120A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-16 | 北京航玻新材料技术有限公司 | Disapparate permeability-improvement film, conductive film, conductive glass and touch screen |
| CN109383083A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-26 | 中国南玻集团股份有限公司 | Anti reflection glass and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116063880A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-05-05 | 隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Printing ink and color photovoltaic assembly |
| CN116063880B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-02-06 | 隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Printing ink and color photovoltaic assembly |
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