CN114346160A - Forging process for connecting rod of large internal combustion engine and die forging die thereof - Google Patents
Forging process for connecting rod of large internal combustion engine and die forging die thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114346160A CN114346160A CN202111641343.2A CN202111641343A CN114346160A CN 114346160 A CN114346160 A CN 114346160A CN 202111641343 A CN202111641343 A CN 202111641343A CN 114346160 A CN114346160 A CN 114346160A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging process of a large internal combustion engine connecting rod and a die forging die thereof, wherein the process comprises the following steps of blank making, blank inspection, blank surface cleaning, die preheating, first-fire heating, first-fire die forging, cutting flash, connecting skin, shot blasting, cleaning, forge piece inspection, die preheating again, second-fire heating, second-fire die forging, cutting flash, shot blasting, cleaning, forge piece inspection, heat treatment, shot blasting, flaw detection, final inspection and warehousing; the utility model provides a large-scale internal-combustion engine connecting rod die forging mould, includes mould lower mould, it is provided with the die cavity to go up the mould bottom, and the lower mould top is provided with die cavity down, be provided with material returned hole in the die cavity down, material returned hole has two, controls and sets up side by side, material returned downthehole be provided with rather than embedded complex ejector pin. The forging process and the die forging die for the large internal combustion engine connecting rod can realize the forging processing of the large connecting rod, the yield of the forged piece is high, the die forging die is flexible in material returning, the forging process is simple, the operation is flexible, and the processing efficiency of the forged piece is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining of connecting rods of large internal combustion engines, in particular to a forging process of the connecting rods of the large internal combustion engines and a die forging die thereof.
Background
A crank connecting rod mechanism in the internal combustion engine is an important component for realizing the working cycle and finishing energy conversion of the engine, and a connecting rod in the crank connecting rod mechanism is an important component for connecting a piston and a crankshaft.
The existing connecting rod of the internal combustion engine is formed by forging and machining. However, machining can only process a connecting rod having a relatively small structure, and the machining cost is relatively high because the machining allowance is relatively large. The forging processing is more flexible, the later-stage processing allowance is small, and the processing cost is lower, so the forging processing is most widely used.
Due to different sizes of internal combustion engines, connecting rods of large internal combustion engines such as internal combustion engines for ships have very large sizes, the conventional forging and forming effect is not obvious, metal is difficult to fill a die cavity during die forging, multi-fire die forging is needed, the machining efficiency is low, and the die is inconvenient to return materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a forging process of a large internal combustion engine connecting rod with good forming effect and convenient material returning after die forging and a die forging die thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a forging process of a large internal combustion engine connecting rod comprises the following steps:
s1, blank making: forging the bar stock into a rough blank required by the drawing paper in a free forging mode through a hydraulic hammer forging machine;
s2, checking a rough blank: detecting the size, surface quality, identification, chemical composition, grain size and weight of the rough blank by a caliper, a spectrometer and a platform scale;
s3, cleaning the surface of the rough blank: removing the surface crack defects of the blank by an angle grinder;
s4, preheating a mold: placing the die forging die in a natural gas furnace for preheating;
s5, heating with one fire: placing the rough blank in a natural gas furnace for heating;
s6, one-fire die forging: placing the heated blank in a die forging die of a connecting rod of a large internal combustion engine, and performing die forging through a die forging press;
s7, cutting the flash and connecting the skin: taking out the forged piece subjected to one-step hot die forging, and cutting the flash and the connecting skin of the forged piece in a flame cutting mode, wherein the forged piece cannot be damaged;
s8, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forge piece through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, and polishing an oxide skin pad pit and surface folding defects;
s9, checking the forged piece: checking whether the surface defect of the forging is thoroughly cleaned and whether the identification content is clear;
s10, preheating the die: placing the die forging die into a natural gas furnace again for preheating;
s11, heating with two fire: putting the forged piece subjected to one-fire die forging into a natural gas furnace for reheating;
s12, secondary-fire die forging: placing the forge piece heated by the second fire in a die forging die again, and performing die forging again through a die forging press to fill the die cavity of the die forging die with the forge piece;
s13, cutting a flash: taking out the forged piece subjected to the secondary hot forging, and cutting the flash of the forged piece in a flame cutting mode without damaging the forged piece;
s14, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forged piece through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, polishing oxide skin pad pits and surface folding defects, and not allowing cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects on the forged piece;
s15, checking the forged piece: checking whether the forge piece is full and whether the mark is clear;
s16, heat treatment: normalizing and quenching and tempering in a natural gas furnace;
s17, shot blasting: removing oxide skin of the forged piece after heat treatment by using a shot blasting machine;
s18, flaw detection: carrying out flaw detection on the forging through magnetic powder detection;
s19, final inspection: the size of the forged piece is detected through a caliper and a depth gauge, and meanwhile, the forged piece is ensured not to have cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects;
and S17, warehousing.
Furthermore, the preheating temperature of the die forging die in the step S4 and the step S10 is 300 +/-50 ℃, and the preheating time is more than or equal to 8 h.
Further, when the rough blank is heated by fire in the step S5, the rough blank is heated to 830-870 ℃ firstly, the temperature is kept for 60 minutes, and then the rough blank is continuously heated to 1160-1200 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 90 minutes; and in the step S11, heating the forging to 1120-1160 ℃ during second-fire heating, and keeping the temperature for 60 minutes.
Further, the die forging hydraulic press in the step S6 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging specifically includes the steps of:
1) uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2) the upper and lower dies are matched and provided with a 0 position;
3) the rough blank after the first fire is quickly transferred, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4) placing the rough blank into a lower die cavity of a lower die and positioning;
5) starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 10-20 mm/s, and the pressing is carried out until the under-pressure of the forged piece is 9-12 mm;
6) ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7) the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8) marking: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9) cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10) cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite;
11) and if the die cavity of the forge piece is filled after one-shot die forging, the steps S7-S12 are omitted, and the steps S13-S17 are directly performed.
Further, the die forging hydraulic press in the step S12 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging specifically includes the steps of:
1') uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2') the upper and lower dies are matched and set to be at 0 position;
3') quickly transferring the forged piece after the second fire, wherein the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4') placing the forging piece into a lower die cavity of the lower die and positioning;
5') starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 15mm/s, a saw dust and graphite powder mixture is scattered on the surface of the forging piece, the forging piece is pressed to be under-pressure of 5-10 mm, the mode cavity is mainly filled with the forging piece, and the size of the forging piece is checked frequently to adjust the under-pressure value in time;
6') ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7') the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8') identifying: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9') cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10') cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite.
A die forging die for a large internal combustion engine connecting rod comprises an upper die fixedly arranged at the bottom of an upper base plate of a hydraulic machine and a lower die arranged at the top of a lower base plate of the hydraulic machine, wherein the upper die and the lower die correspond to each other up and down; the lower die cavity is internally provided with two material returning holes which are communicated up and down and arranged side by side in the left and right directions, one material returning hole is positioned at a shaft hole forming boss for forming a shaft hole on a forge piece in the lower die cavity, the material returning hole is offset at the center of the top of the shaft hole forming boss, and an ejector rod matched with the material returning hole in an embedded mode is arranged in the material returning hole.
Further, the top of the lower backing plate is provided with a cavity, the lower die is erected right above the cavity, the lower end of the ejector rod extends downwards into the cavity, a top plate which vertically corresponds to the bottom of the ejector rod is arranged in the cavity, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a material returning hole which vertically communicates with the bottom of the lower backing plate, and the top of the material returning hole vertically corresponds to the bottom of the top plate.
Furthermore, the material returning holes are at least two and are arranged in parallel from left to right.
Further, a distance is reserved between the bottom of the ejector rod and the top of the top plate, and the vertical height h of the distance is 10 mm.
Furthermore, a plurality of inwards concave detection grooves are formed in the upper die cavity, the end faces of the detection grooves are of circular structures, and the detection grooves are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the upper die cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the forging process and the die forging die for the large internal combustion engine connecting rod can realize the forging processing of the large connecting rod, the yield of the forged piece is high, the die forging die is flexible in material returning, the forging process is simple, the operation is flexible, and the processing efficiency of the forged piece is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph of temperature and time during heating of a blank in a forging process of a connecting rod of a large internal combustion engine;
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature and time during a second heat heating of a forging in a connecting rod forging process of a large internal combustion engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod die forging die for a large internal combustion engine according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper die in a connecting rod die forging die for a large internal combustion engine according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a middle lower die of a connecting rod die forging die for a large internal combustion engine according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the blank according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a forging of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper die; 11. an upper mold cavity; 12. inspecting the groove; 2. a lower die; 21. a lower die cavity; 22. a material returning hole; 23. forming a boss in the shaft hole; 24. a lower guide hole; 3. an upper base plate; 4. a lower base plate; 41. a material returning hole; 5. a top plate; 6. a top rod; 7. a concave cavity; 8. blanking; 9. forging; 91. and the shaft hole.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
A forging process of a large internal combustion engine connecting rod comprises the following steps:
s1, blank making: forging the bar stock into a blank 8 required by the drawing paper in a free forging mode through a hydraulic hammer forging machine (the structural shape of the blank 8 is shown in the attached figure 7 in detail);
s2, checking a rough blank: detecting the size, the surface quality, the identification, the chemical composition, the grain size and the weight of the rough blank 8 by a caliper, a spectrometer and a platform scale;
s3, cleaning the surface of the rough blank: removing the surface crack defects of the blank by an angle grinder;
s4, preheating a mold: placing the die forging die in a natural gas furnace for preheating;
s5, heating with one fire: placing the rough blank 8 in a natural gas furnace for heating;
s6, one-fire die forging: placing the heated blank 8 in a die forging die of a connecting rod of a large internal combustion engine, and performing die forging through a die forging press;
s7, cutting the flash and connecting the skin: taking out the forged piece 9 subjected to one-step die forging, and cutting the flash and the connecting skin of the forged piece 9 in a flame cutting mode, wherein the forged piece 9 cannot be damaged (the structural shape of the forged piece 9 is shown in detail in the attached figure 8);
s8, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forging piece 9 through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, and polishing an oxide skin pad pit and surface folding defects;
s9, checking the forged piece: checking whether the defect cleaning on the surface of the forging 9 is thorough and whether the identification content is clear;
s10, preheating the die: placing the die forging die into a natural gas furnace again for preheating;
s11, heating with two fire: placing the forged piece 9 subjected to one-fire die forging into a natural gas furnace for reheating;
s12, secondary-fire die forging: placing the forging 9 heated by the second fire into the die forging die again, and performing die forging again through the die forging press to fill the die cavity of the die forging die with the forging;
s13, cutting a flash: taking out the forged piece 9 subjected to the secondary-fire die forging, and cutting the flash of the forged piece 9 in a flame cutting mode, wherein the forged piece 9 cannot be damaged;
s14, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forging piece 9 through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, polishing oxide skin pad pits and surface folding defects, and not allowing cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects on the forging piece;
s15, checking the forged piece: checking whether the forging 9 is full and whether the mark is clear;
s16, heat treatment;
s17, shot blasting: removing oxide skin of the forged piece 9 after heat treatment by using a shot blasting machine;
s18, flaw detection: carrying out flaw detection on the forging 9 through magnetic powder detection;
s19, final inspection: the size of the forging 9 is detected through a caliper and a depth gauge, and meanwhile, the forging 9 is ensured not to have cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects;
and S17, warehousing.
In order to ensure the optimal temperature for die forging of the die forging die, the preheating temperature of the die forging die in the steps S4 and S10 is 300 +/-50 ℃, and the preheating time is more than or equal to 8 h.
In order to facilitate die forging forming, when the blank 8 in the step S5 is heated by fire, the blank is heated to 830-870 ℃ firstly, the temperature is kept for 60 minutes, and then the blank is continuously heated to 1160-1200 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 90 minutes; as shown in FIG. 2, in the step S11, the forging 9 is heated to 1120-1160 ℃ during second-fire heating, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes.
In order to ensure the die forging effect, the die forging hydraulic press in the step S6 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging comprises the following specific steps:
1) uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2) the upper and lower dies are matched and provided with a 0 position;
3) the rough blank after the first fire is quickly transferred, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4) placing the rough blank into a lower die cavity of a lower die and positioning;
5) starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 10-20 mm/s, and the pressing is carried out until the under-pressure of the forged piece is 9-12 mm;
6) ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7) the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8) marking: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9) cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10) cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite;
11) and if the die cavity of the forge piece is filled after one-shot die forging, the steps S7-S12 are omitted, and the steps S13-S17 are directly performed.
In order to ensure the die forging effect, the die forging hydraulic press in the step S12 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging comprises the following specific steps:
1') uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2') the upper and lower dies are matched and set to be at 0 position;
3') quickly transferring the forged piece after the second fire, wherein the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4') placing the forging piece into a lower die cavity of the lower die and positioning;
5') starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 15mm/s, a saw dust and graphite powder mixture is scattered on the surface of the forging piece, the forging piece is pressed to be under-pressure of 5-10 mm, the mode cavity is mainly filled with the forging piece, and the size of the forging piece is checked frequently to adjust the under-pressure value in time;
6') ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7') the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8') identifying: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9') cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10') cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite.
Fig. 3, 5 and 6 show a die forging die for connecting rods of a large internal combustion engine, which comprises an upper die 1 fixedly arranged at the bottom of an upper backing plate 3 of a hydraulic machine and a lower die 2 arranged at the top of a lower backing plate 4 of the hydraulic machine, wherein the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 correspond to each other up and down, an upper die cavity 11 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die 1, a lower die cavity 21 is arranged at the top of the lower die 2, and the upper die cavity 11 and the lower die cavity 21 are symmetrical up and down; the lower die cavity 21 is internally provided with two material returning holes 22 which are communicated up and down, the material returning holes 22 are arranged side by side left and right, one material returning hole 22 is positioned in the lower die cavity 21 and used for forming a shaft hole forming boss 23 of an upper shaft hole 91 of the forge piece 9, the material returning hole 22 is offset at the top center of the shaft hole forming boss 23, jacking rods 6 in the material returning holes 22 can be prevented from being jacked out during material returning, and jacking rods 6 matched with the material returning holes 22 in an embedded mode are arranged in the material returning holes 22.
In order to facilitate the material returning of the material returning mechanism to balance the action of the two ejector rods 6, the cavity 7 is arranged at the top of the lower base plate 4, the lower die 2 is erected right above the cavity 7, the lower ends of the ejector rods 6 extend downwards into the cavity 7, the top plate 5 vertically corresponding to the bottoms of the ejector rods 6 is arranged in the cavity 7, the material returning holes 41 vertically communicated with the bottom of the lower base plate 4 are formed in the bottom of the cavity 7, and the tops of the material returning holes 41 vertically correspond to the bottom of the top plate 5.
In order to ensure the balance when the top plate 5 is pushed upwards, at least two material returning holes 41 are arranged in parallel from left to right.
In order to prevent the interference between the bottom of the ejector pin 6 and the top plate 5 when the ejector pin is subjected to a force during swaging, as shown in fig. 4, a gap is provided between the bottom of the ejector pin 6 and the top of the top plate 5, and the vertical height h of the gap is 10 mm.
In order to form a detection boss on the forged piece 9 and facilitate detection of the forged piece 9, a plurality of concave detection grooves 13 are arranged in the upper die cavity 11, and the end faces of the detection grooves 13 are of circular structures and are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the upper die cavity 11.
The working principle of the die forging die for the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine is as follows: the method comprises the steps that a first-fire pierced billet 8 or a second-fire forged piece 9 is placed in a lower die cavity 21 of a lower die 2, a hydraulic machine is started, an upper die plate of the hydraulic machine drives an upper die 1 to move downwards synchronously, an upper die cavity 11 at the bottom of the upper die 1 and the pierced billet 8 or the forged piece 9 in the lower die cavity 21 are folded and extrude the pierced billet 8 or the forged piece 9, so that metal is filled in the upper die cavity 11 and the lower die cavity 21, after die forging is completed, the hydraulic machine drives the upper die plate 3 to drive the upper die 1 to reset upwards to separate from the formed forged piece 9, then a material returning ejection cylinder arranged below a lower die plate 4 is jacked upwards through a piston rod along a corresponding material returning hole 41, a top plate 5 is pushed to move upwards, the ejector rod 6 at the top of the top plate 5 is driven to move upwards by upward under the force, and the forged piece positioned in the lower die cavity 21 is ejected through the ejector rod 6.
The forging process and the die forging die for the large internal combustion engine connecting rod can realize the forging processing of the large connecting rod, the yield of the forged piece is high, the die forging die is flexible in material returning, the forging process is simple, the operation is flexible, and the processing efficiency of the forged piece is improved.
It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forging process for a connecting rod of a large internal combustion engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, blank making: forging the bar stock into a rough blank required by the drawing paper in a free forging mode through a hydraulic hammer forging machine;
s2, checking a rough blank: detecting the size, surface quality, identification, chemical composition, grain size and weight of the rough blank by a caliper, a spectrometer and a platform scale;
s3, cleaning the surface of the rough blank: removing the surface crack defects of the blank by an angle grinder;
s4, preheating a mold: placing the die forging die in a natural gas furnace for preheating;
s5, heating with one fire: placing the rough blank in a natural gas furnace for heating;
s6, one-fire die forging: placing the heated blank in a die forging die of a connecting rod of a large internal combustion engine, and performing die forging through a die forging press;
s7, cutting the flash and connecting the skin: taking out the forged piece subjected to one-step hot die forging, and cutting the flash and the connecting skin of the forged piece in a flame cutting mode, wherein the forged piece cannot be damaged;
s8, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forge piece through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, and polishing an oxide skin pad pit and surface folding defects;
s9, checking the forged piece: checking whether the surface defect of the forging is thoroughly cleaned and whether the identification content is clear;
s10, preheating the die: placing the die forging die into a natural gas furnace again for preheating;
s11, heating with two fire: putting the forged piece subjected to one-fire die forging into a natural gas furnace for reheating;
s12, secondary-fire die forging: placing the forge piece heated by the second fire in a die forging die again, and performing die forging again through a die forging press to fill the die cavity of the die forging die with the forge piece;
s13, cutting a flash: taking out the forged piece subjected to the secondary hot forging, and cutting the flash of the forged piece in a flame cutting mode without damaging the forged piece;
s14, shot blasting and cleaning: removing oxide skin of the forged piece through a shot blasting machine and an angle grinder, polishing oxide skin pad pits and surface folding defects, and not allowing cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects on the forged piece;
s15, checking the forged piece: checking whether the forge piece is full and whether the mark is clear;
s16, heat treatment;
s17, shot blasting: removing oxide skin of the forged piece after heat treatment by using a shot blasting machine;
s18, flaw detection: carrying out flaw detection on the forging through magnetic powder detection;
s19, final inspection: the size of the forged piece is detected through a caliper and a depth gauge, and meanwhile, the forged piece is ensured not to have cracks, clamping damage and folding related defects;
and S17, warehousing.
2. The forging process of the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating temperature of the die forging die in the steps S4 and S10 is 300 +/-50 ℃, and the preheating time is not less than 8 h.
3. The forging process of the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blank in the step S5 is heated to 830-870 ℃ firstly and is kept warm for 60 minutes, and then is continuously heated to 1160-1200 ℃ and is kept warm for 90 minutes; and in the step S11, heating the forging to 1120-1160 ℃ during second-fire heating, and keeping the temperature for 60 minutes.
4. The forging process of the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the die forging hydraulic press in the step S6 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging comprises the following specific steps:
1) uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2) the upper and lower dies are matched and provided with a 0 position;
3) the rough blank after the first fire is quickly transferred, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4) placing the rough blank into a lower die cavity of a lower die and positioning;
5) starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 10-20 mm/s, and the pressing is carried out until the under-pressure of the forged piece is 9-12 mm;
6) ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7) the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8) marking: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9) cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10) cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite;
11) and if the die cavity of the forge piece is filled after one-shot die forging, the steps S7-S12 are omitted, and the steps S13-S17 are directly performed.
5. The forging process of the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the die forging hydraulic press in the step S12 is a 300MN die forging hydraulic press, and the die forging comprises the following specific steps:
1') uniformly spraying water-based graphite on an upper die and a lower die of a die forging die;
2') the upper and lower dies are matched and set to be at 0 position;
3') quickly transferring the forged piece after the second fire, wherein the transfer time is less than or equal to 60 seconds;
4') placing the forging piece into a lower die cavity of the lower die and positioning;
5') starting a die forging hydraulic press, wherein the pressing force is 200MN, the pressing speed is 15mm/s, a saw dust and graphite powder mixture is scattered on the surface of the forging piece, the forging piece is pressed to be under-pressure of 5-10 mm, the mode cavity is mainly filled with the forging piece, and the size of the forging piece is checked frequently to adjust the under-pressure value in time;
6') ejecting the forged piece after the pressing is finished, wherein the ejection stroke is 60 mm;
7') the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃;
8') identifying: marking the furnace code number and the sequence number on the end face of the big end by using a steel character head;
9') cooling after forging: placing the forge piece in a furnace for slow cooling or heap cooling;
10') cooling the upper and lower dies with water-based graphite.
6. A large internal combustion engine connecting rod die forging die as set forth in claim 1, which comprises an upper die (1) fixedly arranged at the bottom of an upper backing plate (3) of a hydraulic machine and a lower die (2) arranged at the top of a lower backing plate (4) of the hydraulic machine, wherein the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are vertically corresponding, an upper die cavity (11) is arranged at the bottom of the upper die (1), a lower die cavity (21) is arranged at the top of the lower die (2), and the upper die cavity (11) and the lower die cavity (21) are vertically symmetrical; the lower die cavity (21) is internally provided with two material returning holes (22) which are communicated up and down, the material returning holes (22) are arranged side by side left and right, one material returning hole (22) is positioned in the lower die cavity (21) and used for forming a shaft hole (91) on a forge piece (9), the material returning hole (22) is biased at the center of the top of the shaft hole forming boss (23), and the material returning hole (22) is internally provided with an ejector rod (6) matched with the material returning hole in an embedded mode.
7. The die forging die for the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein a concave cavity (7) is formed in the top of the lower backing plate (4), the lower die (2) is erected directly above the concave cavity (7), the lower end of the ejector rod (6) extends downwards into the concave cavity (7), a top plate (5) which vertically corresponds to the bottom of the ejector rod (6) is arranged in the concave cavity (7), a material returning hole (41) which is vertically communicated with the bottom of the lower backing plate (4) is formed in the bottom of the concave cavity (7), and the top of the material returning hole (41) vertically corresponds to the bottom of the top plate (5).
8. The die forging die for the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the number of the material returning holes (41) is at least two, and the material returning holes are arranged in parallel in the left and right direction.
9. The die forging die for the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein a space is formed between the bottom of the ejector rod (6) and the top of the top plate (5), and the vertical height h of the space is 10 mm.
10. The die forging die for the connecting rod of the large internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein a plurality of concave checking grooves (13) are formed in the upper die cavity (11), the end faces of the checking grooves (13) are of a circular structure, and the checking grooves are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the upper die cavity (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111641343.2A CN114346160A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Forging process for connecting rod of large internal combustion engine and die forging die thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111641343.2A CN114346160A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Forging process for connecting rod of large internal combustion engine and die forging die thereof |
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