CN114340746A

CN114340746A - Improved sports article

Info

Publication number: CN114340746A
Application number: CN202080062923.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·肯特
Original assignee: Aviation Technology Power Pte Ltd
Current assignee: Aviation Technology Power Pte Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2020-07-17
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Also published as: EP3999195A1; EP3999195A4; AU2021266200A1; JP2022541575A; WO2021012002A1; AU2021266200B2; US20220258017A1; AU2020317058A1

Abstract

Sporting goods having improved aerodynamics are provided, including golf clubs. The golf club includes a head, the head comprising: a plurality of dimples configured to reduce resistance of the head portion when a user swings; and a chamber defined in the head, the chamber including one or more weights movable within the chamber to adjust a balance of the golf club head. The movable weight enables adjustment to compensate for changes in the golf club characteristics associated with increased aerodynamic efficiency.

Description

Improved sports article

Technical Field

The present invention relates to improved sporting goods including clubs, rackets, bats and bats, and helmets such as motorcycle and bicycle helmets. In particular, but not exclusively, the invention relates to an improved golf club.

Background

When swinging a golf club, the club head moves through the air at a considerable velocity and is therefore subjected to a great deal of wind resistance. Specifically, the resistance acts in a direction opposite to the movement of the golf club head and ultimately reduces the speed of the swing.

For a typical male golfer, the head of the driver may travel at up to 95mph/152km/h, while for a long-shot professional, the head may travel at up to 150mph/241 km/h. At these speeds, wind resistance can create significant drag on the golfer's body, which can lead to injury. In addition, drag reduces the velocity of the club head, which corresponds to reducing the distance traveled by the ball.

Many attempts have been made to improve the flow of air around the golf club head to reduce drag on the head during a swing. Initially, golf club heads are given an aerodynamic shape, which is generally teardrop shaped in cross-section. A problem with such golf club heads is that they still create significant wind resistance.

Recently, cavities (cutouts) have been used to break up the eddy currents created behind the golf club head to reduce drag. The size of the cavity (cut-out) is typically a few centimeters and may take various shapes. One problem with the use of such cavities (cutouts) is that, due to their size, they can significantly alter the characteristics of the golf club head, including changing the shape and overall volume of the club head and reducing the visual appeal of the golf club.

Another problem with the use of such cavities (cuts) is that the United States Golf Association (USGA) is very strict on whether a cavity (cut) is present on the golf club head. It is therefore not possible to position the cavity (cut) in its desired position from a resistance perspective while maintaining compliance with the USGA standard.

Another problem with golf clubs is that the resistance of the head during the swing can cause the club to bend, which is beneficial when hitting a ball. Significantly reducing the drag of the golf club head changes the characteristics of the golf club, including the manner in which the club bends, which in turn affects the manner in which the head strikes the ball. Thus, changing the aerodynamics of the golf club head is a complex process and can affect the entire golf club.

Another problem with prior art golf clubs is that they typically have a fixed construction and are not easily changed. Accordingly, fitting clinics are provided where professionals assist golfers in selecting and fitting a set of clubs to meet their needs. While fitting clinics are good at helping golfers select a set of clubs, the clubs typically remain static after fitting, even as the golfer's skills, swing speed, and needs vary.

Many attempts have been made to alter the aerodynamic properties of other types of sporting goods such as clubs, rackets, bats and clubs. For example, tennis, squash and badminton rackets, baseball bats, hockey sticks, and the like, swing at an extremely fast speed in the air and face similar problems as the above-described golf clubs.

Also, helmets often pass through air at an extremely fast rate and therefore face similar problems. Another problem with helmets is that the desire to have a cool and comfortable helmet is in direct conflict with aerodynamics. Furthermore, in addition to poor aerodynamics, helmets with good airflow (e.g., bicycle helmets with large apertures) are not suitable for use in the rain because the rider's head can get wet. Normally closed helmets (e.g. motorcycle helmets) may be more weather resistant, but often problems with helmet ventilation and fogging of the mask occur, thereby creating a hazard to the rider.

Thus, there is a clear need for improved sporting goods, such as clubs, rackets, bats, clubs, helmets, and the like.

It should be clearly understood that if a prior art publication is referred to herein, this reference does not constitute a commitment to: the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in new zealand or in any other country.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention relates to sporting goods such as clubs, rackets, bats and helmets, which may at least partially overcome at least one of the above disadvantages or provide the consumer with a useful or commercial choice.

In view of the foregoing, the invention resides broadly in one form in a golf club including a head comprising

A plurality of depressions configured to reduce resistance of the head when the user swings; and

a chamber defined in the head, the chamber including one or more weights movable within the chamber to adjust the balance of the golf club head.

Advantageously, the use of dimples greatly increases the aerodynamic efficiency of the golf club head, and thus the golf club. The movable weight enables adjustment to compensate for changes in golf club characteristics associated with improved aerodynamic efficiency.

Preferably, the dimples comprise spherical dimples. Alternatively, the dimples comprise hexagonal dimples.

The depth of the dimple may be between about 0.01mm and 1.5mm and the diameter may be between about 0.5mm and 3 mm.

Preferably, the pocket does not include a gripping edge at the junction between the body surface and the pocket. The dimples may extend into the body at an angle of less than about 45 degrees.

One or more of the dimples may be located at least partially on the ball striking face of the golf club head, but configured so as not to interfere with a golf ball hit with the ball striking face.

The ball striking face may include a plurality of elongated grooves, and at least some of the dimples are located between adjacent grooves.

The dimples may include a first dimple that is substantially uniform in size and shape and a second dimple that is substantially uniform in size and shape, and the first dimple differs from the second dimple in at least one of size and shape.

At least some of the dimples may be arranged in rows that are parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the golf club.

At least 50% of the surface of the head portion may be covered with the dimples.

The position of the weight may be adjusted from the outside of the golf club head.

The chamber may be elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the striking face of the golf club. The cross-section of the chamber is substantially uniform.

The golf club head may include one or more weights that are biased against the front face of the club by a biasing member, such as a spring.

When a golf club strikes a ball, one or more weights can move a small amount within the chamber to create a slam when the club strikes the ball.

The golf club head may include a threaded shaft configured to engage the weight in the chamber such that the weight is movable along the length of the chamber by rotation of the threaded shaft.

The chamber may comprise a cylindrical chamber and the one or more weights may be disc-shaped.

The chamber may be located in the center of the golf club head. The chamber may be supported by one or more arms and an interior surface of the golf club head.

The golf club head may include a channel defined in a surface of the golf club head, wherein at least a subset of the dimples are defined in the channel.

The channel may be defined on the crown of the golf club head.

The channel may be tapered.

The channel may comprise a plurality of channels. The channels may be parallel.

The dimples may create a turbulent air boundary layer and allow smooth flowing air to travel over it. The dimples may also cause the wake region behind the body to be reduced in size when swinging, thereby reducing overall drag.

The dimples may be located on one or more of the sole, heel, face, shaft, crown, toe, top and back of the golf club or golf club head.

In another form, the invention resides broadly in a helmet comprising one or more airflow paths from an interior of the helmet to an exterior of the helmet and a passageway configured to direct an airflow to create a low pressure adjacent the airflow path, thereby drawing air from the helmet through the airflow path.

Advantageously, the use of channels to draw air out of the helmet can provide ventilation while providing aerodynamic efficiency.

The channel may comprise an opening at the front of the helmet and at the outlet at the rear of the helmet.

The channel may include a plurality of dimples at the opening. The channel may include a plurality of dimples along the length of the channel.

The channel may be at least partially closed. The channel may extend through the top of the helmet.

The channel may include a narrow central portion configured to create a low pressure region. The channel may be configured to create a venturi effect to draw air from the helmet.

The channel may include a plurality of covers configured to partially cover the airflow path. The cover may comprise a reverse bell cover. The cover may be adapted to prevent rain water from entering the airflow path. The cover may be positioned over the opening of the airflow path.

The airflow paths may be arranged in rows.

The gas flow path may comprise a tubular path. The airflow path may comprise a groove open to the interior of the helmet.

The airflow path may be configured to draw air from around a visor of the helmet. This in turn causes air to circulate over the inner surface of the mask, thereby reducing fogging of the mask.

The channel may include an adjustable cover configured to adjust the amount of airflow into the channel.

In yet another form, the invention resides broadly in an athletic article adapted to be swung by a user, the athletic article including a body including one or more channels, and a plurality of dimples defined in the channels, the dimples and channels being configured to reduce resistance of the body when swung by the user.

Advantageously, the dimples and channels reduce drag without substantially changing the shape of the sporting good. Thus, at a particular swing speed, the resistance on the player's body is less, thereby reducing the risk of injury. Alternatively, the swing speed may be increased.

The channel may extend in use in the direction of gas flow. The passage may comprise a central passage which extends in the direction of airflow in use, and one or more further passages which do not extend in the direction of airflow in use.

Preferably, the sporting good comprises a handle. Preferably, the sporting good includes a striking face configured to strike a ball or other item (e.g., a hockey puck).

Preferably, the sporting good comprises a golf club. The body may comprise a golf club head.

The depressions may be located on the striking face of the sporting good. The dimples may be configured to not interfere with an object (e.g., a ball or puck) struck with the striking face. In the case of a golf club, the dimples on the striking face may be configured to not affect the golf ball (e.g., not cause any significant additional spin to the golf ball).

In the case of a golf club, the striking face may include a plurality of elongated grooves, and at least some dimples are located between adjacent grooves. The grooves may be parallel and at least some of the dimples may form a row parallel to the grooves.

The sporting good may include a chamber including one or more weights movable within the chamber to adjust the balance of the sporting good. The chamber may comprise an internal chamber. The chamber may be defined in a handle of the sporting good.

The first dimple can be located on a first surface of the athletic article and the second dimple can be located on a second surface of the athletic article. The first surface may include a striking face of the sporting good and the second surface may be a non-striking face of the sporting good.

The body of the sporting good or a portion thereof may be formed of metal. The dimples may be cast into the body. The dimples may be machined, pressed or stamped into the body. The body may be 3D printed.

The body of the sporting good or a portion thereof may be formed from resin, polycarbonate, a composite material, or any other suitable material.

The body may be integrally formed. Alternatively, the body may be formed from two or more components. For example, the body may be formed of metal, with a thin polycarbonate sleeve covering a portion thereof, with at least some of the surface features being defined in the polycarbonate sleeve.

In yet another form, the invention resides broadly in a cover for attachment to and covering at least a portion of a golf club head, the cover including dimples defined in an outer surface thereof for improving the aerodynamic efficiency of the golf club.

The cover may be adapted to cover at least one face of the golf club.

The cover may clip onto the golf club. An adhesive may be used to adhere the cover to the golf club.

Any feature described herein may be combined with any one or more other features described herein, in any combination, within the scope of the invention.

The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge.

Drawings

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 illustrates a front view of the golf club head of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom cross-sectional view of a golf club head of the golf club of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the golf club head of fig. 1.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bottom cross-sectional view of a golf club head of a golf club according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 illustrates a front view of the golf club head of fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 shows a front view of the head of fig. 10.

FIG. 12 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 14 shows a bottom view of the head of fig. 13.

FIG. 15 illustrates a top view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 16 illustrates a bottom view of the head of fig. 15 showing the counterweight in a forward position.

Fig. 17 illustrates a bottom view of the head of fig. 15 showing the counterweight in a rearward position.

Fig. 18 illustrates a cut-away perspective view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 19 illustrates a cut-away perspective view of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 20 illustrates a golf club head including dimples on its entire surface to illustrate how the dimples improve the aerodynamics of the golf club.

Fig. 21 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a golf club head including a head portion and a dimpled cover, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 shows a cross-sectional view of the dimpled cover of fig. 21.

Fig. 23 illustrates a front view of the golf club head of fig. 21 with a cover installed.

Fig. 24 illustrates a partially exploded side view of a golf club head including a separate head portion and a dimpled cover, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 25 shows a front view of a motorcycle helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 26 shows a side view of the motorcycle helmet of figure 25.

Fig. 27 shows a rear view of the motorcycle helmet of fig. 25.

Fig. 28 shows a top view of the helmet of fig. 25.

Fig. 29 shows a side cross-sectional view through the helmet of a-a of fig. 28.

Fig. 30 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the helmet of fig. 25 showing two different types of airflow paths through the helmet.

Fig. 31 shows a side cross-sectional view of the helmet of fig. 25, showing region B of fig. 29.

Fig. 32 shows a side cross-sectional view of the helmet of fig. 25, illustrating region C of fig. 31.

Fig. 33 shows a side cross-sectional view of the helmet of fig. 25, illustrating use, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 34 shows a side view of a helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention with the shutter in a closed position.

Fig. 35 shows a side view of a helmet with the shutter in an open position.

Fig. 36 illustrates a tennis racket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 37 shows an inside view of region D of the tennis racket of fig. 36.

Fig. 38 shows a front view of region D of the tennis racket of fig. 36.

Fig. 39 shows an external view of region D of the tennis racket of fig. 36.

Fig. 40 illustrates a front view of a tennis racket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 41 shows a region E of the tennis racket of fig. 40.

Fig. 42 shows an end view of the handle of the racquet of fig. 40.

Fig. 43 shows a cross-sectional view through F-F of fig. 41 of the handle of the racquet of fig. 40.

Fig. 44 illustrates a front view of a tennis racket with a weight assembly, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Preferred features, embodiments and variants of the invention can be discerned from the following detailed description, which provides sufficient information to one skilled in the art to carry out the invention. The detailed description is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the foregoing summary of the invention in any way.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 illustrates a front view of the golf club head 100. The head 100 includes a plurality of dimples 105 configured to create a boundary layer of air, as described in further detail below, thereby reducing drag of the head 100 during a swing.

Advantageously, the dimples 105 reduce the drag of the head 100 without substantially changing the shape of the head 100. This may enable improved aerodynamics while maintaining compliance with the USGA and R & a rules of golf. As aerodynamics improve, swinging a club at a desired speed may require less effort, which in turn may reduce the risk of injury. Alternatively, improved aerodynamics may be used to improve swing speed. To compensate for the reduced resistance, the head 100 is adjustable, as described below.

The golf club includes a driver and the head 100 includes a striking face 110, a sole 115, a crown 120, a toe 125, a heel 130, and a shaft 135. The depression 105 is a spherical depression substantially uniform in size and shape and extends substantially over the entire ball striking face 110 and onto the leading portions of the sole 115, crown 120, toe 125, and heel 130. These portions correspond to the high resistance portions of the head 100 during a swing.

The dimples 105 on the striking face 110 are configured not to interfere with a golf ball struck by the club. In particular, the dimples 105 on the face 110 are sized, shaped and positioned so as not to cause any significant additional spin on the golf ball relative to a club that does not include such dimples 105. This configuration enables the dimples 105 on the face 110 to have minimal impact on the function of the striking face 110 while improving aerodynamics. This is particularly useful for maintaining compliance with standards (e.g., USGA standards).

Fig. 3 illustrates a bottom cross-sectional view of a golf club head 100 of a golf club according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the golf club head 100. The golf club head 100 is adjustable and enables a golfer to adjust the weight and balance of the golf club head.

Because the dimples 105 significantly reduce the drag on the golf club head 100, the flex of the golf club shaft is significantly reduced. This in turn changes the angle of attack of the golf club head 100, which in turn affects the trajectory of the golf ball.

The degree of curvature of a conventional golf club varies depending on the swing speed, and thus the variation in curvature caused by the reduction in resistance depends on the swing speed and thus on the golfer. Accordingly, adjustable weights 140 are provided in the club head 110 to allow golfers to compensate for such variations depending on their particular situation.

The golf club head 100 includes an elongated cylindrical chamber 145 that extends behind and perpendicular to the face 110 of the club head 100, particularly the center striking portion thereof (commonly referred to as the "sweet spot"), in a direction from the front to the rear of the golf club head 100.

The cylindrical chamber 145 includes a threaded rod 150 that extends through the movable weight 140 along the length of the cylindrical chamber 145. The movable weight 140 includes internal threads that engage threads of the threaded rod 150. Thus, as the threaded rod 150 rotates, the movable weight 140 moves back or forth within the cylindrical chamber 140, thereby changing the balance of the golf club without changing the weight of the golf club.

The outer end of the threaded rod 150 includes a hex head 155 that enables the rod 150 to be rotated using a tool. The head 155 may include a thin rubber seal to protect the head, prevent water from entering, and/or conceal the head 155.

When swinging, the centrifugal force of the head causes the shaft to bend according to the position of the weight 140. When the weight 140 is at the rear of the club, centrifugal force pushes the rear of the club head 100 outward (downward), increasing the angle of the face 110 in the upward direction. This effect is minimized when the weight 140 is near the front of the head 100 because the weight is near the lower end of the shaft. The angle of the face affects the trajectory of the golf ball.

The non-adjustable weight 160 is located directly behind the central ball striking portion of the face 110 and abuts against the rear of the face 110 by a biasing member in the form of a spring 165.

The counterweight 160 is slightly smaller than the cylindrical chamber 145 and can move slightly back and forth within the chamber 145. The weight 160 provides additional force to the rear of the face 110 and also produces a "pop" sound, which is useful for the golfer to identify that the ball has been in a sweet click on the face 110. Specifically, microsecond recoil creates more force on the rear of the face 110 and simultaneously creates noise. The rebound effect of the weight 160 may provide additional force to the ball, resulting in additional distance.

The counterweight 160 can move anywhere between a fraction of a millimeter to a few millimeters (e.g., up to 5mm) within the chamber 145.

The

counterweights

140, 160 are cylindrical to match the internal shape of the cylindrical chamber 145. While the

counterweights

140, 160 are shown as substantially solid discs, in other embodiments, the front of the counterweight 160 may be hollowed out, and the

counterweights

140, 160 may include holes or apertures.

In other embodiments, the cross-section of the chamber 145 and

weights

140, 160 may be elliptical to provide weights extending on either side of the central hitting portion (sweet spot), which is particularly useful for golfers that do not consistently hit a ball with a sweet spot.

In some embodiments, the counterweight may include a central cylinder with adjacent side cylinders adjacent thereto. The central cylinder may be larger than the side cylinders and aligned with the central striking portion, with the side cylinders disposed on either side of the striking portion. The use of a central cylinder and adjacent side cylinders may include smaller weights than a correspondingly sized elliptical weight.

In alternative embodiments, the golf club head may include multiple elongated chambers, each chamber having a movable weight and a threaded shaft similar to or the same as chamber 145. The chambers may be arranged in different orientations. For example, one or more chambers may extend in a direction transverse to chamber 145. Specifically, the first and second chambers may be located on either side of chamber 145.

Fig. 5 illustrates a bottom cross-sectional view of a golf club head 500 of a golf club according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. The golf club head 100 is adjustable in two directions and enables a golfer to adjust the weight and balance of the golf club head in the front-rear direction and the side direction.

In addition to the cylindrical chamber 145 and the movable weight 140, the head 500 also includes first and second lateral chambers 545 extending from a central portion of the head 500 to the toe 125 and heel 130, respectively. Each of the first and second lateral chambers 545 includes a threaded rod 550 and a weight 540 that function much like the weight 140 in chamber 145, but wherein the weight 540 instead moves laterally.

As the head 555 rotates, the threaded rod 550 rotates, thereby moving the movable weight 540 laterally within the cylindrical chamber 545, thereby changing the balance of the golf club without changing the weight of the golf club. Each weight 540 may be independently adjusted to enable the club to be balanced in multiple directions.

The chambers may be formed together as a single unit for positioning within a housing defining a golf club. This configuration may simplify the manufacturing process of the golf club head 500 because it allows such adjustments to be relatively easily incorporated into existing manufacturing systems.

Although the above embodiments illustrate dimples on the face 110 and a majority of the head 100, in other embodiments, air-directing channels are defined in the club head. The channel includes a depression that creates a low resistance area that helps guide the club.

Fig. 6 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 illustrates a front view of the golf club head 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The head 600 includes a plurality of channels 605 that extend behind and perpendicular to a face 610 of the club head 600 in a direction from the front to the rear of the golf club head 600. The channels 605 each include a dimple 105 extending along the length of the channel 605, thereby forming a low resistance area that helps guide the club. Dimpled channels may provide more controlled movement in air and help control the orientation of the club head.

Specifically, the channel 605 directs air with low resistance from the front to the back of the club. When the club is swung at an angle, the channel helps guide the club head 600 back "straight," thereby helping golfers improve their swing.

The channel 605 has a depth of between about 0.5mm and 5mm and includes a dimple along its length that is a fraction of the depth of the channel 605.

The ball striking face 610 includes a plurality of parallel grooves 615 machined or cast into the ball striking face 610. Dimples 105 may be located between adjacent grooves 605 and form rows of dimples parallel to the grooves to further aid in the aerodynamics of club head 600.

The club head 600 may include an internal weight similar or identical to the weight of the

head

100 or 500. The centrally located internal weight and dimpled central channel (on the crown or sole) help control the orientation of the club head (i.e., provide a more controlled swing). Furthermore, combined with the reduced drag of the head, the centrally located weight creates more power and a greater ball distance directly behind the sweet spot.

In other embodiments, channels including dimples may be defined in club heads having different shapes.

Fig. 8 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The head 800 is similar to the head 600, but with the channels 805 all pointing to points at or near the rear of the club head 800. This configuration may be used to direct air to a point at the rear of the club, thereby reducing the overall drag associated with the club head 800.

Fig. 9 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 900 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The head 900 is similar to the head 800, but with a single channel 905 that is tapered to direct air to a point at or near the rear of the club head 900.

Fig. 10 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 shows a front view of the head 1000.

The head 1000 is similar to the head 900, but with a single channel 1005 extending over a majority of the crown of the club head 1000. The channel 1005 has a base with a curved shape.

Fig. 12 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 1200 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The head 1200 is similar to the head 900, but wherein the width of the channel 1205 is initially substantially uniform, but tapers at the rear of the club head 1200.

Fig. 13 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 1300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 shows a bottom view of head 1300.

Head 1300 is similar to head 600, but includes five parallel channels 1305 on the crown of the head. Five parallel channels 1405 are also provided on the bottom of the head 1300.

Fig. 15 illustrates a top view of a golf club head 1500 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 16 shows a bottom view of the head 1500.

The head 1500 includes tapered

channels

1505, 1510 on the crown and sole of the club head, as well as the internal weighting mechanism of the head 100. The head 1500 includes a removable cover 1515 (removed in fig. 16) that provides access to the internal weighting mechanism. For example, this configuration may enable the counterweight 140 to be removed and replaced with a smaller or larger counterweight.

When fully forward, the weight 140 is forward of the balance line of the club head 1500, as shown in fig. 16. When moved to the rear of the club head 1500 as shown in fig. 17, the weight 140 is located completely behind the balance line (rearward of the balance line).

Thus, the balance of the club head 1500 may be significantly changed by moving the weight 140, thereby changing the angle of attack of the golf club during the swing. This in turn changes the angle of the face when the club strikes the golf ball, thereby affecting the shot.

Various methods of attaching the weight and cylinder to the inside of the club head may be used. In some embodiments, the weight assembly may be inserted into the head through an open face thereof. Preferably, the internal weighting mechanism is configured so as not to significantly alter the expansion characteristics of the club head when a ball is struck. In particular, the golf club head typically expands laterally when striking a golf ball, which in turn increases the additional velocity of the golf ball when it is reshaped.

Fig. 18 illustrates a cut-away perspective view of a golf club head 1800 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The golf club head 1800 includes an elongated cylindrical chamber 1805 that extends behind and perpendicular to the face (particularly the "sweet spot") of the club head 1800 in a direction from the front to the rear of the golf club head 1800.

The chamber 1805 houses a weight similar or identical to the weight 140 that can move back and forth within the chamber to adjust the balance of the head 1800.

The chamber 1805 is supported by a plurality of legs 1810 that extend outwardly from the chamber 1805 perpendicular to the axis of the chamber 1805 and engage the interior walls of the club head 1800.

Fig. 19 illustrates a cut-away perspective view of a golf club head 1900 according to an embodiment of the invention. The head 1900 is similar to the head 1800, but with the chamber 1805 supported by a frame 1910 that includes an interior portion that encloses the chamber 1805, an exterior portion that is supported against the interior walls of the club head 1800, and arms extending therebetween.

The internal weighting mechanism described above may be used with any of the dimpled and/or channeled arrangements described above.

As discussed above, the dimples 105 improve the aerodynamics of the golf club head. Fig. 20 illustrates a golf club head 2000 that includes dimples 105 across its surface to illustrate how the dimples improve the aerodynamics of the golf club. Although the head 2000 has dimples over its entire surface, aerodynamic features may be applied where the dimples are only on a portion of the club head.

As indicated by arrows 2005, the pits 105 form turbulent air boundary layers immediately adjacent the pits 105 over which a smooth flow of air may travel, as indicated by arrows 2010. This configuration reduces the size of the wake region behind the golf club head 100 during a swing, thereby reducing drag.

In other configurations and/or circumstances, air may rapidly pass through the dimples such that the air flows in a smooth undulating pattern. In this case, the speed of exiting the pit may be faster (up to twice the speed) than when entering the pit.

In addition to providing a golf club head that includes dimples, embodiments of the present invention provide a cover that can be used to add dimples to the golf club head after manufacture.

Fig. 21 illustrates a partially exploded side view of a golf club head 2100 including a head portion 2105 and a dimpled cover 2110 (shown separated). Fig. 22 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the dimpled cover 2110 and fig. 23 illustrates a front view of the golf club head 2100 with the cover 2110 installed.

The head portion 2105 may comprise a conventional golf club head, and a dimpled cover 2110 may be selectively attached to the front of the golf club head to improve its aerodynamics.

Dimpled cover 2110 is thin and conforms to the front of head 2105 and may be attached by any suitable means, including snap-fit means, or by using an adhesive.

As can be seen from fig. 23, the dimples extend not only on the ball striking face, but also on the crown, heel, and toe portions of the club head 2100.

Fig. 24 illustrates a partially exploded side view of a golf club head 2400 that includes a head portion 2405 and a dimpled cover 2410 (shown separated). The golf club head 2400 is similar to the club head 2100, but the cover 2410 extends further onto the head. Such a configuration is useful in providing further aerodynamics to the head 2400.

The golf club head may include first and second dimples 105 that are different from each other in size and/or shape. As an illustrative example, the dimples 105 on the ball striking face 110 may be smaller in depth or diameter than the dimples 105 not on the face 110. The depth of the dimples on face 110 may be about 0.04mm, while the depth of the dimples on face 110 may not be about 0.1 mm.

The pits 105 may be arranged in rows on the head, the rows being parallel to the bottom (or ground) of the head. The second pits may be arranged in a row perpendicular to the bottom (or ground) forming a pit matrix.

In alternative embodiments, the dimples may be integrated into a honeycomb arrangement, wherein the dimples are tightly packed on the surface of the club head with little or no gaps between them. In some cases, the dimples (or edges thereof) may contact each other.

The dimple 105 is a spherical dimple and is configured such that the edge between the face (of the club head) on which the dimple 105 is disposed and the dimple 105 itself is about 45 degrees or less.

Various other types of dimple shapes may be used. In some embodiments, the dimples may be configured such that they are directional, rather than axially symmetric, to promote air flow in a direction corresponding to a swing of a golf club (i.e., from front to back as the golf club is swung).

The cross-section of the dimple, in a plane perpendicular to the face (of the club head), may be sinusoidal. This configuration removes the edge between the land and the dimple. Thus, the dimples do not include any gripping edges, which may reduce interaction with the golf ball if provided on the striking face, or alter the characteristics of the turbulent air boundary layer.

In yet another alternative embodiment, the dimples may be hexagonal dimples.

In some embodiments, hexagonal shaped dimples may be combined with spherical shaped dimples or another shape of dimples. For example, spherical dimples (or dimples having a circular cross-section) may be located on the striking face of the golf club head while hexagonal dimples are located on one or more other surfaces of the head.

The hexagonal dimples may be arranged such that adjacent dimples abut each other in a honeycomb arrangement. However, the hexagonal dimples may also be spaced apart in a similar manner to the spherical dimples 105 described above. Similarly, spherical dimples may be arranged in groups of dimples, with smaller and larger dimples grouped together in a triangular cross-section. In short, any suitable shape and arrangement of dimples may be used.

At least 10% of the surface of the golf club head may be covered with dimples. In some embodiments, at least 50% of the surface of the head may be covered with dimples. Substantially the entire surface of the body may be covered with the dimples.

While a driver has been specifically illustrated, dimples may be provided on any suitable type of golf club.

The golf club head may be formed of metal. Surface features (i.e., dimples or beads) may be cast into the head. Alternatively, the surface features may be machined, pressed or stamped into the head.

In one embodiment, the golf club head may be formed from multiple pieces of stamped metal. In the case of a driver, each piece may be dimpled and formed and then micro-welded to form the head. During this process, weight or other components may be added to the interior of the club head. Finally, a small vent hole may be provided to allow hot air to escape during manufacturing. The vent holes may be sealed after manufacture.

In another embodiment, the golf club head may be 3D printed from a metal, a metal alloy, a combination of a metal and another material (e.g., polycarbonate), carbon fiber, nylon, or any other suitable material. In this case, the golf club head may be custom printed for a single user, or mass produced by such 3D printing.

Alternatively, the head may be formed in whole or in part from other materials. For example, the head may be formed of resin, polycarbonate, composite material, or any other suitable material.

The head may be integrally formed. Alternatively, the head may be formed of two or more components. For example, the head may be formed of metal with a thin polycarbonate sleeve covering a portion thereof, with at least some of the surface features (e.g., dimples or beads) being located on the polycarbonate sleeve.

The exact number, size, shape, and arrangement of dimples may vary depending on the size and shape of the golf club head, and/or one or more desired characteristics of the golf club. Similarly, the number, size, shape, and arrangement of dimples or beads may be balanced according to the aesthetics of the golf club head. Regardless of number, size, shape, and arrangement, the dimples may be smooth to the touch.

The golf club may conform to the USGA. In this case, the dimples may be arranged such that they do not engage the ball in any significant manner. Unlike grooves, stamped indicia, etc. designed to impart spin on the ball, the dimples may be arranged so that they do not catch the ball and therefore do not alter the movement of the ball. As described above, this can be achieved by forming the dimples with edges having an angle of less than 45 degrees or by not having any significant edges at all. Similarly, dimples may be located on portions of the golf club face that do not normally contact the golf ball during use. As an illustrative example, the sweet spot (or the area around the sweet spot) may be free of indentations.

Although a golf club has been described, the teachings of the present invention may be applied to a variety of sporting goods adapted to be swung by a user. These sporting goods may include a handle and a striking face configured to strike a ball or other item, and may include improved aerodynamics and/or balance.

As illustrative examples, sporting goods may include clubs (e.g., golf clubs), rackets (e.g., tennis squash or badminton rackets), bats (e.g., baseball bats), or bats (e.g., hockey sticks). Embodiments of the present invention also include helmets in which dimples are provided on the outer surface of the helmet to improve the aerodynamics of the helmet and thereby reduce drag, while increasing ventilation of the helmet.

Fig. 25 shows a front view of a motorcycle helmet 2500, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 26 shows a side view of the motorcycle helmet 2500, and fig. 27 shows a rear view of the motorcycle helmet 2500. The motorcycle helmet 2500 is shaped much like a conventional motorcycle helmet, but includes a ventilation mechanism for ventilating the helmet.

Specifically, helmet 2500 includes a passage 2505 that extends from an opening 2510 at the front of helmet 2500 to an outlet 2515 at the rear of helmet 2500. Channel 2505 includes a plurality of dimples 2520 on the outer surface of opening 2510 and through channel 2505. The dimples 2520 increase airflow through the channels 2505, thereby increasing ventilation through the helmet 2500.

Fig. 28 shows a top view of the helmet 2500, and fig. 29 shows a side cross-sectional view through the helmet a-a of fig. 28. As best shown in fig. 28 and 29, an airflow path 2525 is provided between the interior of the helmet 2500 and the channel 2505. Because outlet 2515 is larger than the central portion of passage 2505, a venturi effect is provided in passage 2505, creating a low pressure in the passage at airflow path 2525. This low pressure causes air to flow through airflow path 2525, thereby ventilating the helmet.

As shown in fig. 29, a raised cap 2530 is provided in a reverse hood-like arrangement above each airflow path 2525 to prevent the helmet from leaking water when raining. Specifically, as air flows through the channel 2505, any water with air will also flow through the channel 2505. Each airflow path 2525 is protected by a cover 2530 that overhangs the opening of the airflow path 2525 and any water in the channels will flow out of the channels 2505 along the top of each cover 2530.

The covers 2530 are arranged in rows corresponding to the bundles of airflow paths 2525. Grooved valleys 2535 are defined between adjacent rows, which is also useful for re-conveying any water entering channel 2505 away from channel 2505.

Fig. 30 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the helmet 2500, which shows two different types of airflow paths 2525 through the helmet 2500.

The airflow path 2525 includes an air groove 2525a defined in the inner surface (foam) of the helmet 2500. The grooves 2525a extend vertically along the height of the helmet 2500, thus allowing air to flow from any point inside the helmet 2500. The grooves allow air entering the bottom of the helmet 2500 to flow along the entire interior of the helmet 2500 near the rider's head, thereby cooling the helmet 2500 and thus the rider's head.

The airflow path 2525 also includes a tubular passage 2525b defined in the inner surface of the helmet 2500. A passage 2525b extends from an opening in the lower end of the helmet 2500 to an outlet in the passage 2505. The channels 2525b will generally extend from different portions of the helmet 2500 to the channels 2505, thereby ventilating the helmet 2500. The airflow path 2525 may include dimples therein to improve airflow through the path 2525.

Although the grooves 2525a and channels 2525b are shown on respective sides of the helmet, in a typical situation only the grooves 2525a or the channels 2525b will be used for the sides of the helmet, and the presence of both in a single helmet is only for the purpose of illustrating the different options in a simple manner.

Fig. 31 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the helmet 2500, which shows region B of fig. 29. Fig. 32 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the helmet 2500, which shows region C of fig. 31.

Lid 2530 includes a base 2530b attached to the lower edge of channel 2505; and an upper cover portion 2530a positioned directly above and depending from the air flow path 2525. The covers 2530 are arranged end-to-end in their respective rows such that the upper cover portion 2530 of one cover 2530 overlaps/overhangs the base 2530b of an adjacent cover 2530.

The edge of base 2530a includes a lip 2530c that prevents any water dripping from one lid from entering airflow path 2525.

As described above, a pocket 2520 is provided at the outer surface of opening 2510 and through channel 2505. Specifically, dimples are provided on the cover 2530 to increase the airflow through the channels 2505.

Fig. 33 shows a side cross-sectional view of a helmet 2500, illustrating use, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As the air flows over the smooth surfaces of the sides of the helmet, the top air separates from the surfaces, creating a lower air pressure behind the helmet, as indicated by arrows 3305.

The vent at the front of the channel 2505 in combination with the dimples 2520 creates turbulence as indicated by arrows 3310, thereby reducing resistance to air flow within the helmet.

Channel 2505 tapers to a larger sized opening at the rear of the helmet, creating a venturi effect and low pressure at circle 3315.

The venturi effect draws air from the interior of the helmet, as shown by arrow 3320, through airflow path 2525 (which acts as a conduit) and into channel 2505, and then out through the rear of the helmet.

Although not shown, the helmet 2500 typically includes a visor, and the airflow path 2525 at the front of the helmet is configured to ventilate the visor to avoid fogging of the visor.

While the above description illustrates several independent airflow paths 2525, the skilled person will readily appreciate that multiple airflow paths may be joined. For example, the airflow paths may join in a branching manner, and/or form a network of airflow paths. As an illustrative example, a single (or small number) of openings may be coupled to the airflow path branching to multiple portions of the helmet.

In some embodiments, channel 2505 may include a movable shutter to enable a wearer to adjust the level of flow through channel 2505, thereby adjusting the level of ventilation in helmet 2500.

Figure 34 shows a side view of a helmet 3400 according to an embodiment of the invention with a shutter 3405 in a closed position. Fig. 35 shows a side view of helmet 3400 with shutter 3405 in an open position.

The shutter 3405 slides up and down, opening and closing the opening 2510, thereby opening and closing the passage. This enables the wearer of the helmet to adjust the level of airflow through the channels 2505, and thus the level of ventilation in the helmet.

Although not shown, the

helmet

2500, 3400 can include dimples on its outer surface. In this case, the dimples may be arranged in a row from the front to the rear of the helmet, so as to direct the airflow from the front to the rear of the helmet.

The

helmet

2500, 3400 can also include molded channels that direct airflow through the helmet. The molded channel may taper towards the rear of the helmet, and the plurality of dimples may extend along the length of the channel. The inventors believe that the use of dimples in the channels improves aerodynamics over either the channel or one of the dimples alone.

As described above, the

helmet

2500, 3400 can include a visor. Dimples may be provided on the surface of the mask to optimize airflow without obstructing vision. The mask may be partially or fully concave. In a partially dimpled configuration, the dimples may leave clear visual bands (i.e., no dimples). In a fully dimpled configuration, the dimples may be sized so that they do not significantly affect the vision through the mask.

The shape and/or size of the dimples may be uniform, or the dimples may comprise a variety of shapes and/or sizes. Any suitable shape or combination of shapes conforms to the regulations for helmets.

Although the above embodiments show a motorcycle helmet, the skilled person will readily appreciate that the present invention may be used with any type of helmet, including sports helmets (e.g. bicycle helmets), as well as helmets designed for use on land and at sea.

Advantageously, the helmet may reduce drag, which in turn may improve performance, and/or reduce stress on the user's head.

As noted above, other types of sporting goods may incorporate the teachings described above.

Fig. 36 shows a tennis racket 3600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 37 shows an inside view of the region D of fig. 36, fig. 38 shows a front view of the region D, and fig. 39 shows an outside view of the region D.

The tennis racket 3600 includes a body in the form of a frame 3600a, a handle 3600b, and a plurality of strings (not shown for clarity) disposed in openings defined by the frame 3600 a.

The frame 3600a includes a plurality of dimples 3605 disposed in the channel 3610 to reduce drag of the frame 3600a (and thus the racquet 3600) when a user swings by creating a boundary layer of air proximate to the frame 3600 a.

The dimples 3605 may be similar or identical to the dimples described above in the context of golf clubs and helmets.

The pockets 3605 extend around the frame 3600a in the channel 3610 and thus are located on the inside, sides, and outside of the racquet 3600. This maintains symmetry so that the racquet 3600 can function in both directions.

Much like the golf club described above, the paddle 3600 has a reduced wind resistance, which can reduce the risk of injury or increase the swing speed.

In an alternative embodiment, the racquet may include weights similar to those described above to adjust the balance of the tennis racquet.

Fig. 40 illustrates a front view of a tennis racket 4000 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 41 shows region E of fig. 40, fig. 42 shows an end view of the handle 4000b of the racket 4000, and fig. 43 shows a cross-sectional view of the handle 4000b through F-F of fig. 41.

The tennis racket 3600 includes a body in the form of a frame 4000a similar to the body 3600a, and includes a depression. Wires (not shown for clarity) are provided in the openings defined by the frame 4000 a.

Frame 4000a includes a plurality of dimples arranged in the channel to reduce the drag of frame 4000a (and thus racket 4000) during a user swing by creating a boundary layer of air in close proximity to frame 4000a, as outlined above with respect to racket 3600.

Handle 4000b includes a weight 4005 that is movable along the length of handle 4000b to change the balance of the handle and paddle 4000. Specifically, the handle includes a cylindrical chamber 4010 along which the weight 4005 can move. The weight 4005 fits snugly within the chamber 4010 and therefore does not move or rattle during use.

Knobs 4015 are provided in the weight 4005 to enable adjustment of the position of the weight 4005 within the chamber 4010. The knob 4015 extends through the elongate channel 4020, which enables access to the knob 4015 from outside of the handle 4000b while also providing a visual indicator of the position of the weight 4005 relative to the handle 4000 b.

By moving the weight 4005 up towards the line, a more powerful serve can be achieved. By moving the weight 4005 toward the lower portion of the handle, a more balanced racquet 4000 may be provided.

The handle 4000b also includes a removable endcap 4025 that enables access to the chamber 4010 to be provided. This enables, for example, replacement or removal of the weight 4005.

Although the chamber is shown as cylindrical, the skilled person will readily appreciate that it may take any suitable shape, but preferably is uniform in cross-section along its length.

The handle may be formed of two parts and the cylindrical chamber may be defined in one part. This is particularly useful in the case where the frame is continuously defined from one side of the handle, around the opening and back to the other side of the handle (e.g., as in the case of a bent-tube tennis racket).

In an alternative embodiment, the lower end of the handle may be rotated to move the weight up and down in the handle, for example using a threaded shaft and a cylindrical chamber, much like in a golf club, but sized and shaped to fit the handle.

The length of the handle may be extended compared to a typical handle, thereby enabling the weight to move a greater distance relative to the user's hand. This in turn enables the weight to be positioned higher, and therefore a greater force to be applied to the tennis ball.

Fig. 44 illustrates a front view of a tennis racket 4400 having a weight assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Although generally hidden by the handle, certain portions of the counterweight assembly are shown to clearly show the counterweight assembly.

Tennis racquet 4400 is similar to racquet 4000 and includes a frame 4400a including depressions and providing strings (not shown for clarity) in openings defined by the frame 4400 a.

The racket 4400 includes a handle 4400b and a weight 4405 that is movable along the length of the racket 4400 along the axis of the handle 4400b to change the balance of the handle and the racket 4400. Specifically, a cylindrical chamber 4410 extends outwardly from one end of the handle 4400b toward the opening, and the weight 4405 can move along the cylindrical chamber. The weight 4405 fits snugly within the chamber 4410 and therefore does not move or rattle during use.

A shaft 4415 extends along the length of the handle 4400b and engages the weight to enable the position of the weight 4405 to be adjusted within the chamber 4410. The shaft may be threaded, or at least partially threaded, whereby adjustment of the weight 4405 is performed by rotation of the shaft (similar to adjustment of weights in golf club heads, as described above). Alternatively, the shaft 4415 may be moved longitudinally in the handle to move the weight 4405 longitudinally in the chamber 4410.

By moving the weight 4405 up towards the thread, a more powerful serve can be achieved. By moving the weight 4405 toward the lower portion of the handle, a more balanced racquet 4400 may be provided.

By altering the aerodynamics of the sporting good as described above, pressure and strain are removed from the user's body, including the pelvis and buttocks, back, elbows, shoulders, neck, wrists, and soft tissue areas of the body.

The surface features reduce the drag of the athletic article without substantially changing the shape of the athletic article. This may enable improved aerodynamics while maintaining compliance with rules and standards (USGA rules and R & a rules for golf clubs). As aerodynamics improve, swinging an athletic article at a desired speed may require less effort, which in turn may reduce the risk of injury. Alternatively, improved aerodynamics may be used to improve swing speed.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and the skilled person will readily appreciate that any suitable pattern or configuration of dimples or indentations may be used on any portion of a golf club, sports equipment or helmet, including the use of multiple patterns or configurations on different portions of a golf club, sports equipment or helmet.

The pits or indentations described above may have any suitable depth, and may include a depth that is proportional to the diameter of the pit or indentation. Furthermore, the depth of the pits or indentations, or the depth relative to the diameter, may be selected such that it provides maximum (or near maximum) efficiency in use.

Such maximum efficiency may include reference to the speed and direction of air travel over portions of the golf club, sports equipment, or helmet and taking into account the aerodynamic characteristics and efficiency of the golf club, sports equipment, or helmet. As an illustrative example, if a golf club, sports equipment, or helmet is designed to travel in a particular direction, the dimples or indentations may be configured to increase the aerodynamic performance and efficiency of the golf club, sports equipment, or helmet when traveling in that direction.

In this specification and in the claims, if any, the words "comprise" and its derivatives, including "and" comprise ", include each said integer but do not preclude the inclusion of one or more other integers.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific features shown or described, since the means herein described comprise preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art, if any.

Claims

1. A golf club comprising a head, the head comprising

A plurality of dimples configured to reduce resistance of the head portion when a user swings; and

a chamber defined in the head, the chamber including one or more weights movable within the chamber to adjust a balance of a golf club head.

2. The golf club head of claim 2, wherein the dimples comprise spherical dimples or hexagonal dimples.

3. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the dimples are between about 0.01mm and 1.5mm deep and between about 0.5mm and 3mm in diameter.

4. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein one or more of the dimples are located on a ball striking face of the golf club head but are configured not to affect a golf ball struck with the ball striking face.

5. The golf club head of claim 4, wherein the ball striking face includes a plurality of elongated grooves and at least some of the dimples are located between adjacent grooves.

6. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the dimples comprise a first dimple that is substantially uniform in size and shape and a second dimple that is substantially uniform in size and shape, and the first dimple differs from the second dimple in at least one of size and shape.

7. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein at least some of the dimples are arranged in rows that are parallel or perpendicular to an edge of the golf club.

8. The golf club head of claim 2, wherein at least 50% of the surface of the head is covered with dimples.

9. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the position of the weight is adjustable from outside the golf club head.

10. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the chamber is elongated substantially in a direction perpendicular to a ball striking face of the golf club, and wherein a cross-section of the chamber is substantially uniform.

11. A golf club head as defined in claim 1, comprising one or more weights biased against the front face of the club by a biasing member, such as a spring.

12. The golf club head of claim 11, wherein the one or more weights are capable of moving a small amount within the chamber when the golf club strikes a ball to create a pop when the club strikes a ball.

13. The golf club head of claim 1, comprising a threaded rod configured to engage a weight in the chamber such that the weight is movable along a length of the chamber by rotation of the threaded rod.

14. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the chamber comprises a cylindrical chamber and the one or more weights are disc-shaped.

15. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the chamber is located at a center of the golf club head.

16. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the chamber is supported by one or more arms and an interior surface of the golf club head.

17. The golf club head of claim 1, comprising a channel defined in a surface of the golf club head, wherein at least a subset of the dimples are defined in the channel.

18. The golf club head of claim 17, wherein the channel is defined on a crown of the golf club head.

19. The golf club head of claim 17, wherein the channel is tapered.

20. The golf club head of claim 17, wherein the channel comprises a plurality of channels.