CN114337256B - Circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion - Google Patents
Circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN114337256B CN114337256B CN202210002855.2A CN202210002855A CN114337256B CN 114337256 B CN114337256 B CN 114337256B CN 202210002855 A CN202210002855 A CN 202210002855A CN 114337256 B CN114337256 B CN 114337256B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power management, and particularly relates to a circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion. The invention mainly aims at the problem that the traditional method cannot be popularized to low-cost charging equipment because the number of the used semiconductor devices is too large and the cost is too high, and proposes to fuse a switching power supply and a switching capacitor so that part of switching tubes can be reused by the switching power supply and the switching capacitor, thereby reducing the number of the used semiconductor devices and further reducing the cost of a charging scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power management, and particularly relates to a circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion.
Background
With the dramatic increase in the number of portable devices, rechargeable batteries have been widely used. The circuit structure widely used at present for the charge and discharge functions of the battery is as follows in fig. 1. Wherein the switching power supply composed of switching transistors (Q5 and Q6), an inductor (L1) and a capacitor (C1) has the function of converting an input voltage into a voltage amplitude which satisfies a load (R1) or is suitable for charging a rechargeable battery (BT 1). When the lowest supply voltage satisfying the power supply of the load is higher than the battery voltage, the output voltage of the switching voltage is selected as the lowest supply voltage of the load, and the battery is charged through a current source consisting of a switching tube QT 1. When the lowest supply voltage satisfying the load supply is lower than the battery voltage, the output voltage of the switching power supply is selected to be higher than the battery voltage so as to charge the battery, and the switching tube QT1 works in a through state. Furthermore, the switched capacitor consisting of the switching tubes (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) and the capacitance (CFLY 1) provides a fast charging path with high efficiency. When the battery voltage in the battery pack meets the voltage for quick charge, the switching power supply stops working, the input voltage is regulated to a proper voltage amplitude, the switching capacitor starts working, the amplitude of the input voltage is converted into 1/2 times and the battery pack is directly charged, QT1 at the moment works in a direct-through state, and the battery pack directly supplies power to the power utilization unit. QT1 can operate in a bi-directional off state, i.e., not allowing current to flow in either direction, in addition to the above-described function.
With the widespread use of rechargeable batteries, the charging scheme shown in fig. 1 is too costly due to the large number of semiconductor devices used, and thus cannot be popularized to low-cost charging equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the prior art needs to design a switching power supply and a switching capacitor circuit independently, so that the cost is high, the invention provides a circuit topology for converting voltage by combining the switching power supply and the switching capacitor, so that the scheme cost and the development time are reduced.
The invention fuses the switch power supply and the switch capacitor, so that the switch power supply and the switch capacitor can multiplex part of switch tubes to reduce the number of semiconductor devices used, and the invention provides the following two implementation modes:
A first implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2, includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a fifth switching tube QT1, a capacitor, an inductor and a battery; the circuit is characterized in that one end of a first switching tube Q1 is an input end of circuit topology and is connected with external input voltage, and the other end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with one end of a capacitor, one end of a second switching tube Q2 and one end of an inductor; the other end of the second switching tube Q2 is respectively connected with one end of a third switching tube Q3, one end of a fifth switching tube QT1 and the positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the capacitor and one end of a fourth switching tube Q4, and the other end of the fourth switching tube Q4 is grounded; the other end of the inductor is connected with the other end of the fifth switching tube QT 1; the negative electrode of the battery is grounded; the connection point of the inductor and the fifth switching tube QT1 is an output end of the circuit topology.
In the above-described scheme, the second switching tube Q2 has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
In the above-described scheme, the fifth switching transistor QT1 has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
In the above scheme, the on-time of the first switching tube Q1 and the on-time of the fourth switching tube Q4 are complementary, the on-off of the first switching tube Q1 and the third switching tube Q3 are in the same phase, and the second switching tube Q2 is kept off.
In the above scheme, the capacitor is a flying capacitor.
A second implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3, includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a fifth switching tube QT1, a capacitor, an inductor and a battery; the circuit is characterized in that one end of a first switching tube Q1 is an input end of a circuit topology and is connected with external input voltage, and the other end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with one end of a capacitor and one end of a second switching tube Q2; the other end of the second switching tube Q2 is respectively connected with one end of a third switching tube Q3, one end of a fifth switching tube QT1 and the positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the capacitor, one end of a fourth switching tube Q4 and one end of the inductor, and the other end of the fourth switching tube Q4 is grounded; the other end of the inductor is connected with the other end of the fifth switching tube QT 1; the negative electrode of the battery is grounded; the connection point of the inductor and the fifth switching tube QT1 is an output end of the circuit topology.
In the above-described scheme, the third switching tube Q3 has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
In the above-described scheme, the fifth switching transistor QT1 has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
In the above scheme, the on-time of the first switching tube Q1 and the on-time of the fourth switching tube Q4 are complementary, the on-off of the second switching tube Q2 and the fourth switching tube Q4 are in phase, and the fourth switching tube Q4 is kept off
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention fuses the switching power supply and the switching capacitor, so that the switching power supply and the switching capacitor can multiplex part of the switching tubes, thereby reducing the number of semiconductor devices used and further reducing the cost of a charging scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology of a conventional voltage conversion circuit.
Fig. 2 is a topology of a first voltage conversion circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a topology of a second voltage conversion circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the first voltage converting electric switching tubes (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) of the present invention, a capacitor (CFLY 1) and an inductor (L1) constitute a voltage converting circuit. The switching tube QT1 constitutes a charging path selection circuit. In which the switching transistors Q2 and QT1 can perform a function of bi-directional closing, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
When the lowest power supply voltage meeting the requirement of load power supply is higher than the battery voltage, the circuit works in a switch power supply state, and the working method is as follows: the Q1 and Q3 switching tubes are switched and kept in the same phase with time in the on state and the off state, the Q2 switching tube is kept off, the Q4 switching tube is complementary to the working state of Q1, namely, when Q1 is on, Q4 is off, and when Q1 is off, Q4 is on. And provides a stable voltage to the load through filtering of L1 and C1, and simultaneously charges the battery BT1 through a current source formed by a switching tube QT 1.
When the lowest power supply voltage meeting the power supply of the load is lower than the battery voltage, the circuit works in a switched capacitor state, and the working method is as follows: q1 and Q4 operate in a complementary state, and Q2 and Q3 operate in a complementary state, while switching tube QT1 remains on to charge the battery and power the load.
Further, when the input voltage is high, the inductor L1 is connected to the connection point of the switching transistors Q3 and Q4 on the basis of fig. 2, so that a topology of a second voltage conversion circuit is obtained, as shown in fig. 3. In which the switching transistors Q3 and QT1 can perform a function of bi-directional closing, i.e., current cannot flow in either direction.
When the lowest power supply voltage meeting the requirement of load power supply is higher than the battery voltage, the circuit works in a switch power supply state, and the working method is as follows: the Q2 and Q4 switching tubes are switched and kept in the same phase with time in the on state and the off state, the Q3 switching tube is kept to be closed, the Q1 switching tube is complementary with the working state of Q2, namely, when Q1 is on, Q2 is off, and when Q1 is off, Q2 is on. And provides a stable voltage to the load through filtering of L1 and C1, and simultaneously charges the battery BT1 through a current source formed by a switching tube QT 1.
When the lowest power supply voltage meeting the power supply of the load is lower than the battery voltage, the circuit works in a switched capacitor state, and the working method is as follows: q1 and Q4 operate in a complementary state, and Q2 and Q3 operate in a complementary state, while switching tube QT1 remains on to charge the battery and power the load.
Claims (4)
1. A circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion comprises a first switching tube (Q1), a second switching tube (Q2), a third switching tube (Q3), a fourth switching tube (Q4), a fifth switching tube (QT 1), a capacitor, an inductor and a battery; the circuit is characterized in that one end of a first switching tube (Q1) is an input end of a circuit topology and is connected with external input voltage, and the other end of the first switching tube (Q1) is connected with one end of a capacitor, one end of a second switching tube (Q2) and one end of an inductor; the other end of the second switching tube (Q2) is respectively connected with one end of the third switching tube (Q3), one end of the fifth switching tube (QT 1) and the positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the third switching tube (Q3) is connected with the other end of the capacitor and one end of the fourth switching tube (Q4), and the other end of the fourth switching tube (Q4) is grounded; the other end of the inductor is connected with the other end of the fifth switching tube (QT 1); the negative electrode of the battery is grounded; the connection point of the inductor and the fifth switching tube (QT 1) is an output end of the circuit topology;
the second switching tube (Q2) has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., a current cannot flow from either direction;
the fifth switching tube (QT 1) has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., a current cannot flow from either direction;
The on-time of the first switching tube (Q1) and the on-time of the fourth switching tube (Q4) are complementary, the on-off of the first switching tube (Q1) and the third switching tube (Q3) are in the same phase, and the second switching tube (Q2) is kept off.
2. A circuit topology for effecting voltage conversion as recited in claim 1, wherein said capacitor is a flying capacitor.
3. A circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion comprises a first switching tube (Q1), a second switching tube (Q2), a third switching tube (Q3), a fourth switching tube (Q4), a fifth switching tube (QT 1), a capacitor, an inductor and a battery; the circuit is characterized in that one end of a first switching tube (Q1) is an input end of a circuit topology, is connected with external input voltage, and the other end of the first switching tube (Q1) is connected with one end of a capacitor and one end of a second switching tube (Q2); the other end of the second switching tube (Q2) is respectively connected with one end of a third switching tube (Q3), one end of a fifth switching tube (QT 1) and the positive electrode of the battery, the other end of the third switching tube (Q3) is connected with the other end of the capacitor, one end of a fourth switching tube (Q4) and one end of the inductor, and the other end of the fourth switching tube (Q4) is grounded; the other end of the inductor is connected with the other end of the fifth switching tube (QT 1); the negative electrode of the battery is grounded; the connection point of the inductor and the fifth switching tube (QT 1) is an output end of the circuit topology;
the third switching tube (Q3) has a function of being turned off in both directions, that is, a current cannot flow in either direction;
the fifth switching tube (QT 1) has a function of being turned off in both directions, i.e., a current cannot flow from either direction;
The on-time of the first switching tube (Q1) and the on-time of the fourth switching tube (Q4) are complementary, the on-off of the second switching tube (Q2) and the on-off of the fourth switching tube (Q4) are in the same phase, and the third switching tube (Q3) is kept off.
4. A circuit topology for effecting voltage conversion as recited in claim 3, wherein said capacitor is a flying capacitor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210002855.2A CN114337256B (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210002855.2A CN114337256B (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Circuit topology for realizing voltage conversion |
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| CN114337256A CN114337256A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN114337256B true CN114337256B (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019005047A1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Intel Corporation | Voltage control |
| CN109478842A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-03-15 | 凌力尔特科技有限责任公司 | The balancing technique and circuit of charge pump |
| CN110729888A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-24 | 上海南芯半导体科技有限公司 | Hybrid power converter with high voltage conversion ratio |
| CN113507149A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-15 | 珠海智融科技有限公司 | Mixed-mode charging circuit and charging method |
| CN113595177A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 南京矽力微电子技术有限公司 | Mixed-mode charging circuit, system and charging method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102717184B1 (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2024-10-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Power switching circuit, DC-DC converter including the same and voltage conversion method |
| US11532987B2 (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2022-12-20 | Halo Microelectronics Co., Ltd. | Power conversion circuit, power conversion system and power chip |
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- 2022-01-04 CN CN202210002855.2A patent/CN114337256B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109478842A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-03-15 | 凌力尔特科技有限责任公司 | The balancing technique and circuit of charge pump |
| WO2019005047A1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Intel Corporation | Voltage control |
| CN110729888A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-24 | 上海南芯半导体科技有限公司 | Hybrid power converter with high voltage conversion ratio |
| CN113507149A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-15 | 珠海智融科技有限公司 | Mixed-mode charging circuit and charging method |
| CN113595177A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 南京矽力微电子技术有限公司 | Mixed-mode charging circuit, system and charging method |
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