CN114335630A - Fuel cell cogeneration control method and system - Google Patents
Fuel cell cogeneration control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114335630A CN114335630A CN202111648708.4A CN202111648708A CN114335630A CN 114335630 A CN114335630 A CN 114335630A CN 202111648708 A CN202111648708 A CN 202111648708A CN 114335630 A CN114335630 A CN 114335630A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-energy systems, in particular to a fuel cell cogeneration control method and system. The combined heat and power supply control method for the fuel cell comprises an electric demand control mode and a heat demand control mode, and comprises the following steps: obtaining and comparing the electrical power demand PE‑DAnd the heat demand power PH‑DTo determine the priority of the electrical and thermal demands; and executing an electric demand control mode or a heat demand control mode based on the priority, wherein the heat demand control mode is used for controlling the waste heat of the fuel cell to heat the water in the heat storage water tank. The fuel cell provided by the invention determines the priority of the electric demand and the thermal demand by comparing the magnitudes of the electric demand power and the thermal demand power, and thenAnd the electric demand control mode or the heat demand control mode is executed according to the determined priority, so that the maximum demand of the user can be met, at least the demand of the user can be well met, and the user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-energy systems, in particular to a fuel cell cogeneration control method and system.
Background
The hydrogen energy is a clean and pollution-free energy source, the fuel cell is a hydrogen energy utilization device, and the fuel cell is a chemical device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and is also called an electrochemical generator. The electrical efficiency of the fuel cell is about 50%, the efficiency is low, and most of the rest energy is converted into heat. Because the fuel cell needs to operate at a stable temperature, extra energy is needed to drive a radiator, a fan and other devices to take away and dissipate heat generated by the stack, and therefore, the efficiency of a fuel cell system including fuel cell auxiliary devices is lower.
Although the heat of the fuel cell is recovered to the heat storage water tank in the prior art and the heat storage water tank is heated by other energy heating modes, the existing fuel cell cogeneration system cannot meet the electric demand and the heat demand of a user at the same time, and the user experience is poor.
Therefore, a combined heat and power control method for a fuel cell is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell cogeneration control method which can determine the priority of power supply and heat supply according to the actual use requirement of a user and determine and execute a corresponding control mode according to the priority so as to meet the actual requirement of the user.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell cogeneration control method, wherein the fuel cell comprises an electric demand control mode and a heat demand control mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining and comparing the electrical power demand PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DTo determinePriority of electrical and thermal demand;
and executing an electric demand control mode or a thermal demand control mode based on the priority, wherein the thermal demand control mode is used for controlling the waste heat of the fuel cell to heat the water in the heat storage water tank.
As a preferable technical solution of the co-generation control method of the fuel cell, the fuel cell has an electrical-to-thermal efficiency ratio of λ, PE-S＝λPH-S，PE-SFor electrical output power, PH-SThe heat output power;
the comparison of the electrical demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DPrioritizing the electrical demand and the thermal demand includes:
when P is presentE-D≥λPH-DIf so, executing an electricity demand control mode;
when P is presentE-D＜λPH-DThen, the heat demand control mode is executed.
As a preferable embodiment of the co-generation control method for a fuel cell, when the heat demand mode is executed, if P is greater than PE-D＞PE-SThen the electricity requires power PE-DSupplemented by the distribution network power supply system, if PE-D＜PE-SAnd the surplus electric quantity flows to the power supply system of the power distribution network.
As a preferred technical solution of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, when the heat demand mode is executed, if a use demand of hot water containing preset heat is received after a preset time, at least two moments are set before the preset time, each moment corresponds to a target heat, and before each moment is reached, the heat storage water tank is heated, so that the heat contained in the hot water in the heat storage water tank reaches the corresponding target heat.
As a preferable technical solution of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, before heating at any one of the heating times is started, if the current total heat in the hot water storage tank has reached the heat storage amount corresponding to the time, the heating task at the heating time is abandoned.
As a preferable technical solution of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, when the total heat in the heat storage water tank reaches the required heat, if the actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is greater than the sum of the set temperature and the correction temperature of the heat storage water tank, water is supplied to the heat storage water tank, and if the actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is less than or equal to the difference between the set temperature and the correction temperature of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage water tank is heated.
As a preferable technical solution of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, the heat storage water tank is provided with a solar heat reservoir, and the solar heat reservoir provides heat for the heat storage water tank in the process of executing the electric demand control mode or the heat demand control mode.
As a preferable technical scheme of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, when the solar heat reservoir works, the water level in the heat storage water tank is greater than or equal to the preset maximum liquid level of the heat storage water tank, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset maximum temperature, the heat storage water tank releases hot water to supplement cold water.
As a preferable technical solution of the fuel cell cogeneration control method, the heat storage water tank is provided with a first circulation pump, an inlet and an outlet of the first circulation pump are respectively connected to the heat storage water tank and the solar heat reservoir, and when the water temperature in the solar heat reservoir is lower than the water temperature in the heat storage water tank, the first circulation pump stops working.
The invention also provides a fuel cell cogeneration system which can utilize the waste heat of the fuel cell and provide heat energy or electric energy according to the needs of users.
The utility model provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, includes fuel cell, heat exchanger, heat storage water tank and solar energy heat reservoir, the heat exchanger respectively with fuel cell with heat storage water tank connects, the heat exchanger is used for heating fuel cell's waste heat the water of heat storage water tank, solar energy heat reservoir does heat the water heating of heat storage water tank, use as above arbitrary scheme fuel cell cogeneration control method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fuel cell provided by the invention determines the priority of the electric demand and the thermal demand by comparing the electric demand power with the thermal demand power, and then executes the electric demand control mode or the thermal demand control mode according to the determined priority, so as to ensure that the user demand can be well met and improve the user experience.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating main steps of a co-generation control method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the detailed steps of a co-generation control method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating heating of the hot water storage tank when the heat demand control mode is executed according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
Aiming at the problem that the fuel cell energy utilization rate is low due to the fact that redundant heat of a fuel cell stack is taken away and dissipated in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration control system and a fuel cell cogeneration control method, which are used for solving the technical problem.
The fuel cell heat and electricity cogeneration control system comprises a fuel cell, a heat exchanger, a heat storage water tank and a solar heat reservoir, wherein the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the fuel cell and the heat storage water tank, the heat exchanger is used for heating water in the heat storage water tank by waste heat of the fuel cell, the solar heat reservoir is used for heating water in the heat storage water tank, namely, the fuel cell and the heat storage water tank realize the purpose of heat exchange through the heat exchanger, and further, redundant heat of the fuel cell is absorbed by water in the heat storage water tank, and the water in the heat storage water tank is supplied for users to use, such as heating or bathing. The solar heat reservoir is the water heating of heat storage water tank, and the heat source of heat storage water tank is not only including the heat that fuel cell produced, still comes from the solar heat reservoir so can be energy-conserving while, water in the supplementary fuel cell heating heat storage water tank.
Be provided with level sensor and first temperature sensor in the heat storage water tank, so can guarantee that the heat storage water tank is the constant temperature water tank, and can control water level and temperature according to user's actual need. The heat storage water tank is connected with a water replenishing pipe and a water supply pipe, the water replenishing pipe is connected with a water source, the water replenishing pipe is provided with a second temperature sensor to determine the temperature of cold water, and the water supply pipe is connected with user water utilization equipment. The heat storage water tank adopts a constant temperature water supplementing control mode, the temperature in the heat storage water tank is kept constant, and the heat storage water tank is used as cooling liquid of the fuel cell, so that the stable operation temperature of the fuel cell can be ensured, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell includes an electrical demand control mode in which the fuel cell mainly supplies heat according to the actual use demand of the user, and a thermal demand control mode in which the fuel cell mainly supplies electric power according to the actual use demand of the user. The fuel cell cogeneration control system is controlled by using a fuel cell cogeneration control method. As shown in fig. 1, the cogeneration control method for a fuel cell includes the steps of:
s11, obtaining and comparing the electric demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DTo determine the priority of the electrical and thermal demands;
i.e. according to the electrical demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DAnd determining whether the electricity demand of the user is large or the heat demand is large, and further distinguishing the priority according to the electricity demand and the heat demand.
And S12, executing the electric demand control mode or the heat demand control mode based on the priority.
The method is executed according to the actual requirements of the users, and the party with large user demand is preferentially met.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell has an electrical-to-thermal efficiency ratio of λ, i.e., PE-S＝λPH-S，PE-SFor electrical output power, PH-SIs the thermal output power.
The above-mentioned comparative electric demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DPrioritizing the electrical demand and the thermal demand includes: when P is presentE-D＜λPH-DIf so, executing a heat demand control mode; i.e. the fuel cell mainly provides heat for the user, the system enters a heat demand control mode, in which if P is presentE-D＞PE-SThen the power lacking in the user's power demand at that timeThe amount is supplemented by the distribution network power supply system, if PE-D＜PE-SAnd the generated redundant electric quantity is fed back to the power supply system of the power distribution network.
Wherein the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell is gamma, the gamma is obtained according to the actual working condition of the fuel cell, and the electrical output power PE-S；
Thermal efficiency of (1-gamma), heat output power PH-S，
PE-S＝γ/(1-γ)PH-S，
Let λ be γ/(1- γ),
then P isE-S＝λPH-S，
When P is presentE-D＝λPH-DWhen the thermoelectric demand is exactly equal to the thermoelectric supply, there is no redundancy in thermoelectric.
Fuel cell electricity generation is used for the user, when fuel cell is preferred to satisfy the heat demand, the user power consumption only depends on fuel cell meeting electricity supply not enough, accessible distribution network power supply system supplements this moment, wherein distribution network power supply system can be energy storage battery module or national power supply network system, it is little when user power consumption, when fuel cell generated energy surpassed user power consumption this moment, then can directly feed back unnecessary electric quantity to distribution network power supply system, so can guarantee distribution network power supply system release electric energy under the not enough condition of power consumption, in the abundant condition of electric quantity, for distribution network power supply system electricity supplementation.
When P isE-D≥λPH-DThen, the electrical demand control mode is executed. When the electric demand control mode is executed, the heat generated by the fuel cell is stored in the hot water storage tank through heat exchange. In order to ensure that the water temperature and the water amount in the constant temperature water tank are constant and do not overflow, in the embodiment of the invention, the water level of the heat storage water tank is more than or equal to the preset maximum liquid level of the heat storage water tank, and the temperature in the heat storage water tank is more than the preset maximum temperature of the heat storage water tank, the operation of supplementing cold water by hot water is carried out at the moment, and the preset maximum liquid level is met when the temperature in the heat storage water tank is more than the preset maximum temperature of the heat storage water tankOn the premise that the temperature in the heat storage water tank is not higher than the maximum temperature allowed by the heat storage water tank, the heat storage water tank continues to store heat.
As shown in fig. 2, the co-generation control method of the fuel cell includes the following steps:
s21, obtaining the electric demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-D；
S22, judgment PE-D＜λPH-DIf yes, go to step S23, otherwise go to step S27;
s23, executing a heat demand control mode;
s24, judgment PE-D＞PE-SIf yes, go to step S28, otherwise go to step S25;
s25, judgment PE-D＜PE-SIf yes, go to step S26, otherwise go to step S29;
s26, allowing the surplus electric quantity to flow to a power distribution network power supply system;
s27, executing an electric demand control mode;
s28 electric demand power PE-DIs supplemented by a power distribution network power supply system;
and S29, the power distribution network power supply system does not work.
The user's hot demand can be reserved in advance, namely the user can predetermine and use hot water after the time of predetermineeing, if once only heat to user's appointed temperature and liquid level the hot water in the heat storage water tank in the time of predetermineeing, because the problem of heat loss can cause the actual temperature to reduce, the heat retaining function is realized to the continuous heating of heat storage water tank's water needs, and be not favorable to retrieving the waste heat that fuel cell gived off, for this reason, adopt sectional type heating to realize the water heating to in the heat storage water tank in this embodiment.
Specifically, in the working process of the cell stack, if the use requirement of hot water containing preset heat is received after the preset time, at least two moments are set before the preset time, each moment corresponds to one target heat, and after each moment is reached, the heat storage water tank is heated, so that the heat contained in the hot water in the heat storage water tank reaches the corresponding target heat. The preset heat hot water is hot water with preset water volume at preset temperature. It can be understood that, before reaching the preset time, carry out the sectional type heating to the water in the heat storage water tank, the heat of injecing in the heat storage water tank at every moment should reach the target heat, so can be under the longer condition of preset time, through the solar energy heat accumulator heating water that is connected with the heat storage water tank, when avoiding temperature (heat) in the water tank not to reach the heat that corresponds at this moment, fuel cell accelerates the condition that causes the inside operation of fuel cell to stabilize the decline and takes place with the heat exchange of water, and then improve fuel cell's life-span.
Of course, the hot water storage tank may be heated before reaching each time, so that the heat contained in the hot water storage tank reaches the corresponding target heat at the time.
It should be noted that there are two time division manners for the time division, for example, if the user makes an appointment for using hot water for 8 hours, four times are set, which are 2h, 4h, 6h and 8h, respectively, and then the target heat in the hot water storage tank should be reached before 2h, 4h, 6h and 8 h. Or four moments are set to be 1h, 3h, 5h and 7h respectively, so that the target heat in the heat storage water tank is heated after 1h, 3h, 5h and 7 h.
As described above, since the solar thermal storage provides thermal energy to the thermal storage water tank, the thermal energy that can be provided by the solar thermal storage at a certain time is enough for the water in the thermal storage water tank to be heated to the target heat corresponding to the certain time, so in this embodiment, before heating at any one of the heating times is started, if the current total heat in the thermal storage water tank has reached the heat storage amount corresponding to the certain time, the heating task at the heating time is abandoned.
All heat of solar energy can be stored, the system preferably and fully utilizes the solar energy, and the fuel cell is used as a heat source for supplement under the condition of insufficient solar energy, so that the operation cost is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Defining a predetermined heat quantity as QDIf the total heat in the heat storage water tank is Q, the target total heat of the heat storage water tank is QD-Q。
Wherein, the total heat quantity needed by the heat storage water tank is Q ═ T (T)Act-TCwt)×XAct×S×ρWT×Cwt. The actual liquid level of the water tank is XActThe actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is TActCold water temperature of TCwtThe horizontal cross-sectional area of the water tank is S, and the specific heat capacity of water is Cwt。
After T time, the preset heat quantity is QDAt this time, the current heat is QIThen the required heating amount is QD-QIDividing the required heating quantity into n heating moments, wherein the n heating moments correspond to each other (T)1，T2…Tn) The target heat quantity corresponding to each heating time is (Q)D-QI)Txand/T. When entering the first heating time, if the heat storage quantity Q reaches QI+(QD-QI)T1T, heating is not needed; if the requirement of heat storage quantity is not met, the heat storage quantity is increased by (Q)D-QI) And heating is carried out by the aid of the/T thermal power until the heat storage capacity meets the requirement, and then heating is stopped. The same, when the time enters the next heating judgment time, the calculation method is the same, and the time period n and the time length T of each period arexCan be determined arbitrarily according to requirements. This embodiment is not particularly limited.
As shown in fig. 3, the flow chart of the heating step of the hot water storage tank when the heat demand control mode is executed is as follows:
s31, starting;
S32、T1whether the time is reached; if yes, go to step S33, otherwise go to step S32;
s33, judging that Q is more than or equal to QI+(QD-QI)T1If yes, executing S35, if no, executing step S34, and returning to S33;
s34, fuel cell and (Q)D-QI) the/T power operation;
S35、Tnwhether the time is reached; if yes, go to step S36, otherwise go to step S35;
s36, judging that Q is more than or equal to QDIf yes, go to step S38; if not, executing the step S37 and returning to S36;
s37, fuel cell and (Q)D-QI) the/T power operation;
and S38, ending.
Because certain heat loss exists, the actual temperature in the heat storage water tank and the set temperature in the heat storage water tank can be inconsistent, when the total heat in the heat storage water tank reaches the heat for demand, if the actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is greater than the sum of the set temperature and the correction temperature of the heat storage water tank, the actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is indicated to exceed the maximum allowable temperature, the heat storage water tank is used for supplying water at the moment, and if the actual temperature of the heat storage water tank is less than or equal to the difference between the set temperature and the correction temperature of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage water tank is heated. In this embodiment, the correction of the hot actual temperature means a range value in which the actual temperature of the hot water storage tank may fluctuate with respect to the set temperature of the hot water storage tank, and no action is performed between the set temperature of the hot water storage tank and the difference between the set temperature of the hot water storage tank and the positive and negative correction temperatures.
The heat storage water tank is provided with a solar heat reservoir, and the solar heat reservoir provides heat for the heat storage water tank in the execution process of any one of the electric demand control mode and the heat demand control mode.
The heat in the solar heat reservoir is determined according to the illumination intensity and the ambient temperature of the solar heat reservoir, when the solar heat reservoir is a metal flat plate heat reservoir, when the temperature of water in the solar heat reservoir is lower than that of water in the heat storage water tank, the temperature (heat) of the water in the heat storage water tank is reduced, therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the heat storage water tank is provided with the first circulating pump, and when the temperature of the water in the solar heat reservoir is lower than that of the water in the heat storage water tank, the first circulating pump stops working.
In addition, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell cogeneration control method, characterized in that a fuel cell includes an electric demand control mode and a heat demand control mode, comprising the steps of:
obtaining and comparing the electrical power demand PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DTo determine the priority of the electrical and thermal demands;
and executing an electric demand control mode or a thermal demand control mode based on the priority, wherein the thermal demand control mode is used for controlling the waste heat of the fuel cell to heat the water in the heat storage water tank.
2. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell has an electric-to-heat efficiency ratio of λ, PE-S＝λPH-S，PE-SFor electrical output power, PH-SThe heat output power;
the comparison of the electrical demand power PE-DAnd the heat demand power PH-DPrioritizing the electrical demand and the thermal demand includes:
when P is presentE-D≥λPH-DIf so, executing an electricity demand control mode;
when P is presentE-D＜λPH-DThen, the heat demand control mode is executed.
3. The co-generation control method of a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the heat demand mode is executed if P isE-D＞PE-SThen the electricity requires power PE-DSupplemented by the distribution network power supply system, if PE-D＜PE-SAnd the surplus electric quantity flows to the power supply system of the power distribution network.
4. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 2, wherein when the heat demand mode is executed, if a demand for using hot water containing a preset amount of heat is received after a preset time, at least two moments are set before the preset time, each moment corresponds to a target amount of heat, and before each moment is reached, the hot water storage tank is heated, so that the amount of heat contained in the hot water storage tank reaches the corresponding target amount of heat.
5. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 4, wherein, before heating at any one of the heating times is started, if the current total heat in the hot-water storage tank has reached the heat storage amount corresponding to the time, the heating task at the heating time is abandoned.
6. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 3, wherein when the total heat in the hot water storage tank reaches the required heat, if the actual temperature of the hot water storage tank is greater than the sum of the set temperature and the correction temperature of the hot water storage tank, water is supplied to the hot water storage tank, and if the actual temperature of the hot water storage tank is less than or equal to the difference between the set temperature and the correction temperature of the hot water storage tank, the hot water storage tank is heated.
7. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 2, wherein a solar heat reservoir is provided to the hot water storage tank, and the solar heat reservoir supplies heat to the hot water storage tank during execution of the electric demand control mode or the heat demand control mode.
8. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 7, wherein when the solar heat reservoir is in operation, the water level in the heat storage water tank is greater than or equal to a preset maximum liquid level of the heat storage water tank, and the temperature is greater than or equal to a preset maximum temperature, the heat storage water tank releases hot water to supplement cold water.
9. The fuel cell cogeneration control method according to claim 7, wherein a first circulation pump is provided in the hot water storage tank, an inlet and an outlet of the first circulation pump are connected to the hot water storage tank and the solar heat reservoir, respectively, and when the temperature of water in the solar heat reservoir is lower than the temperature of water in the hot water storage tank, the first circulation pump stops operating.
10. A fuel cell cogeneration system comprising a fuel cell, a heat exchanger, a heat storage water tank and a solar heat reservoir, wherein the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the fuel cell and the heat storage water tank, and the heat exchanger is used for heating water in the heat storage water tank by using waste heat of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell cogeneration control method is used according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202111648708.4A CN114335630B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Combined heat and power control method and system for fuel cell |
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| CN202111648708.4A CN114335630B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Combined heat and power control method and system for fuel cell |
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| CN114335630A true CN114335630A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN114335630B CN114335630B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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