CN1143337A - Centrifugal separations apparatus - Google Patents
Centrifugal separations apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1143337A CN1143337A CN95192002A CN95192002A CN1143337A CN 1143337 A CN1143337 A CN 1143337A CN 95192002 A CN95192002 A CN 95192002A CN 95192002 A CN95192002 A CN 95192002A CN 1143337 A CN1143337 A CN 1143337A
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- deflector
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- C13B30/00—Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus; Separating crystals from mother liquors ; Evaporating or boiling sugar juice
- C13B30/04—Separating crystals from mother liquor
- C13B30/06—Separating crystals from mother liquor by centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
- B04B11/06—Arrangement of distributors or collectors in centrifuges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
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Abstract
Centrifugal separations apparatus (10), for example for separating sugar from massecuite, including centrifuge means (11) having an inlet (32), a liquids discharge (31), a lip, a solids discharge (18), and a deflector (23) operatively associated with the solids discharge, wherein: a) the lip is adapted to operatively discharge solids being discharged from the centrifuge means (11) at a trajectory and the deflector (23) is adapted to interrupt the trajectory to decelerate and change the direction of travel of the solids, to prevent them impacting the walls of the chamber (24); or b) the deflector (23) is operatively associated with the lip of the centrifuge means (11) and cooperable with solids being discharged from the solids discharge whereby build-up of solids on the deflector is substantially prevented; or c) the lip configuration causes the trajectories of the discharging crystals to be relatively independent of their size and/or their residual syrup/moisture content; or d) including support means, such as a spider-like construction having one or more webs substantially parallel to the angular motion of the solids being discharged from the solids discharge, operatively supporting the centrifuge means whereby the impact area for solids discharged from the solids discharge may be minimized; or e) including blending means operatively associated with the solids discharge for blending solids discharged from the centrifugal separations apparatus.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of centrifugal separating device.
The present invention is especially suitable for use as the centrifugal separating device that the sugar crystal in the sugary soln is separated, yet is not restricted to such use again.Although will describe at above-mentioned special-purpose below, it only is a kind of character of giving an example.More particularly, the separation that the present invention relates to can provide through the table sugar crystal of highly cleaning and/or for the fine finishining of sugar the high quality crystal raw material is provided.Yet, should be pointed out that the present invention also is suitable for other purposes, for example to the centrifugation of other liquid and solid, especially to from liquid, isolating the occasion of fluidised form solid.
For the centrifugation of from the liquid that contains solid, isolating solid, mainly contain two kinds of separation machineries.Wherein isolated by filtration machinery is suitable for such situation, promptly in the mixture volume fraction of solid greater than mixing the clearance rate between the solid in the thing; Drainage machinery is suitable for such situation, promptly in the mixture volume fraction of solid less than the clearance rate between the solid in the mixture.If the volume fraction of solid equals clearance rate, then be referred to as the draining transition.
When sugar crystal is handled, often adopt the filtration centrifugal separation process from sugar juice, to separate sugar crystal.Above-mentioned filtration centrifugal separation process often carries out with batch mode, after batch processing each time, equipment need be soared and clean, and for the exigent edible and fine finishining high-purity sugar crystal of crystal mass, especially needs so.This batch processing mode can take the many isolated by filtration time, and needs some other equipment of configuration, and therefore a sugar crystal processing factory has to adopt a plurality of separative elements to satisfy the needs of its output.
People once attempted to design a kind of continuous filtering separation device for high-quality sugar production technology.Yet, because in this device, the collision of sugar crystal and centrifugal housing sidewall usually can cause the fragmentation of sugar crystal.Such device often can not provide suitable cleaning to sugar crystal.In addition, usually can coalescent one deck on this equipment hard sugar and/or in product, form coalescent sugar.
In most of factories, from massecuite, separate sugar and clean all and carry out with batch mode.In this centrifugal separation processes in batches, the massecuite of scheduled volume is encased among the centrifugal drum, then this centrifugal drum is accelerated to predetermined angular speed, the rotation that keeps certain hour, separate so that reach the impurity of required degree, and then in the time rinse water and/or a kind of different liquid are ejected on the crystal layer of gathering in predetermined " cleaning ".Allow cylinder keep above-mentioned angular speed or a kind of angular speed that alternately changes, allow centrifugal drum slow down then, therefrom take out sugar crystal through cleaning.
The advantage of above-mentioned batch processing machinery is because crystal does not stand high speed impact, thereby can keep the size and the shape of crystal, and residual impurity can be controlled in the required scope by suitable selection rotation and scavenging period.Yet this machinery needs elapsed time to come charging feedstock and takes out product, also needs elapsed time to quicken and speed-reducing drums, thereby has reduced its operating efficiency.
Because adopt the periodical operation mode, it is very high that the maintenance requirement of equipment becomes, the poor efficiency that while periodical operation mode causes has also increased energy resource consumption.In addition, owing to need alternately load and take out, thereby increased needed flow sheet equipment and the following flow sheet equipment gone up of centrifugal separating device.
The continuous centrifugal separation is widely used in " low-purity " occasion, and is lower to the requirement of residual impurity amount and crystal size distribution under such occasion.
Centrifugation separates at present with continuous centrifugal and is all adopted by people in batches.Have some shortcomings because continuous centrifugal separates, for example can not stably produce highly purified sugar (content of residual impurity is higher), therefore less employing continuous centrifugal separates in high-purity commerieal sugar generation technology.
Another problem that continuous centrifugal separates be since the crystal that leaves conical screen and sugared chamber sidewall collision and the collision between the crystal, can make crystal produce fragmentation.In addition, comprise on the chamber sidewall of discharging hopper, thereby can form moist sugar, this coalescent quality that can influence sugar crystal because sugar can be deposited in.Above-mentioned sugared chamber also can comprise a collection wall or deflector.
The objective of the invention is to overcome one or more above-mentioned shortcomings, a kind of reliable and effective centrifugal separating device is provided, be used for from solid and mixtures of liquids separating solids and liquid.
According to top described, the present invention relates to a kind of being used for generally speaking and comprises from the centrifugal separating device of liquid separating solids:
Centrifugal device has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet, this deflector is used to stop the movement locus of the solid that leaves described solid outlet, so that reduce the movement velocity of solid and change its direction of motion;
Feasible solid in use of the shape of wherein said deflector and structure and deflector produce repeatedly collision.The shape of deflector makes the collision of solid and deflector can consume the radial motion speed of solid significantly.The form of deflector and structure preferably can in use allow solid and deflector produce 3 times to 20 times collisions.In addition, the shape of deflector and structure preferably can in use allow solid slip over the surface of deflector.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of centrifugal separating device, and it comprises:
Centrifugal device has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet;
Described solid outlet comprises lip limit shape, and the movement locus of feasible crystal of discharging is relative irrelevant with the content of its crystal size and/or its remaining syrup/moisture.
Solid outlet recited above has a curved edge that matches with described deflector, makes the solid of all size and/or the primary collision point of residual liquid composition be located substantially on the same position of deflector.Described solid and described deflector surface are preferably to carry out primary collision less than the angle of 15 degree.Described centrifugal device can be a filtering centrifuge structure, but preferably this centrifugal mechanism comprises a conical filtering sedimentator.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to a kind of centrifugal separating device, it comprises:
Centrifugal mechanism has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet;
Described solid outlet comprises lip limit structure, and the movement locus of feasible crystal of discharging is relative irrelevant with the content of its crystal size and/or its remaining syrup/moisture.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to a kind of centrifugal separating device, and comprise a blending mechanism that operatively is associated with described solid outlet, be used for the solid that described centrifugal separating device is discharged is admixed and rubbing, thereby make the solid of discharging have consistent basically desirable characteristics.In addition, described centrifugal separating device comprises:
Centrifugal mechanism has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that matches with described solid outlet;
With the blending mechanism that described solid outlet matches, be used for the solid that described centrifugal separating device is discharged is admixed and rubbing, thereby make the solid of discharging have consistent basically desirable characteristics.Described blending mechanism preferably includes a filter screen and at least one pivoted arm, and this pivoted arm can rotate on the plane that is positioned at a determining deviation on the described filter screen.
Centrifugal mechanism preferably includes a centrifugal drum, it has a top part and a bottom part, each part has by the formed upper and lower filter screen part of holing, described bottom part comprises a semicircle cone angle and chooses the filter screen characteristic that the draining transition region of the feasible solid that is passed through is positioned among the part of described top.Described upper filter screen part choose the required size that preferably is suitable for solid, choosing of described lower filter screen part is the required rate of filtration of passing through liquid in order to obtain.Described centrifugal separating device also comprises two parts, half-conical angle between its first or lower portion and the axis is less than 25 degree, half-conical angle between its second portion or upper portion and the axis is greater than the respective angles of described lower portion, the semicircle cone angle of described bottom part be preferably in 0 spend to 15 the degree scopes within, the semicircle cone angle of top part be preferably in 24 spend to 26 the degree scopes within.Described solid comprises sugar crystal, and described liquid comprises moisture syrup.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of continuous separation method that is used for isolating from the massecuite that comprises sugar crystal and syrup sugar, comprises the steps:
A kind of centrifugal separating device is provided, and this device comprises a centrifugal mechanism, this mechanism comprise an inlet,
A liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described centrifugal mechanism is provided;
Continuously described massecuite is sent into described inlet continuously;
Operate described centrifugal mechanism, described crystal is separated from described syrup;
Collect the crystal of separating by described centrifugal mechanism on the described deflector by crystal is collided, make at least a portion crystal and described deflector produce repeatedly collision.
On the other hand, the invention still further relates to a kind of continuous separation method that is used for going out sugar, comprise the steps: from the massecuite centrifugation that comprises sugar crystal and syrup
A kind of centrifugal separating device is provided, and this device comprises a centrifugal mechanism, and this mechanism comprises an inlet;
A liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described centrifugal mechanism is provided;
Continuously described massecuite is sent into described inlet continuously;
Operate described centrifugal mechanism, so that described crystal is separated from described syrup;
Collect the crystal of separating by described centrifugal mechanism on the described deflector by making described crystal collide, at least a portion crystal is collected on the track that described deflector stops, stopping of this deflector makes the crystal deceleration and changes its direction of motion, and makes crystal produce repeatedly collision on deflector.In addition, can allow crystal slip at least a portion surface of described deflector, described crystal is sugar crystal preferably, and 3 times to 20 times collisions of best and described deflector generation, and crystal and deflector surface are to carry out primary collision less than the angles of 15 degree.
In addition, said method can comprise the step that described deflector surface is lubricated.Described centrifugal mechanism preferably includes two parts, semicircle cone angle between its first or lower portion and the axis is less than 25 degree, and the angle between second portion or upper portion and the axis is greater than the respective angles of lower portion, and the separation of syrup and crystal is not arranged in described lower portion by filtration mechanism to the transition point the draining mechanism.
Described method preferably includes the step of in a blending mechanism described crystal being admixed, described blending mechanism operatively is associated with described solid outlet, the crystal that described centrifugal separating device is separated is admixed and rubbing, so that make the crystal of discharge have consistent basically characteristic.
Above-mentioned solid can be moisture solid, sand for example, mineral, food or analog.For example, described solid can be a sugar crystal, and described liquid can be moisture sugar juice.
Described centrifugal mechanism can be that sedimentator is filtered in a continuous taper, and entering the mouth by it is encased in the mixture of described sugar juice and sugar crystal the bottom of continuous taper sedimentator, and the sidewall of this sedimentator is a filter screen.
In use, said mixture has formed a thin layer (it can be had different bevel angles and/or be adopted the tapering part of dissimilar filter screens to form by a plurality of) that flows along described conical screen up.Centrifugal force makes the position that sugar juice is collected this solution by strainer filtering to, and is discharged by a liquid collection chamber, carry out sugar from the time, this chamber is the syrup chamber.Solid layer such as sugar crystal, can clean this solid layer in this process towards the above conical screen of outflow, so that remove the residual liquid in the solid.Carry out sugar from situation under, can adopt syrup or water to clean the sugar crystal that flows along the filter screen of centrifugal drum up.Can realize cleaning to crystal by washer jet and control system are set, this control system changes the speed of water spray according to the adding speed of raw material, so that guarantee uniform crystal purity.
Crystal that discharge and/or that process is cleaned is discharged along the place, top of tangential direction by centrifugal drum basically, this centrifugal drum can have the top edge of curved shape, has movement locus identical or substantially the same when entering sugared chamber so that guarantee when having various sizes crystal big or small and/or remaining syrup and moisture.
Described deflector can have any structure, as long as can reduce the radial motion speed of sugar crystal significantly.For example, this deflector can comprise the surface of static state or rotation, the movement locus that makes crystal enter sugared chamber is subjected to stopping of this static state or surface of revolution, thereby reduces the speed of crystal and change its direction of motion, and wherein crystal can produce repeatedly collision with above-mentioned surface.
Crystal can produce 3 times to 20 times collisions with above-mentioned surface, and in a kind of most preferred embodiment, crystal and this surface collision at least 6 times are preferably 10 times.
In addition, in use, after the collision of crystal and deflector, can continue to collide its surface or slide, till the final position of its radial velocity of crystal arrival substantial loss along this surface.
Like this, when making deflector operatively be associated and the time spent being done in the solid generation of being discharged by the solid outlet with the solid outlet, deflector is matched with such centrifugal mechanism, this centrifugal mechanism has an edge that is curved shape, thereby makes the solid with various granular sizes and/or residual liquid content of being discharged by the solid outlet form substantially the same movement locus.Above-mentioned curved edge and deflector preferably can cooperatively interact, so that prevent accumulated solids on deflector basically.
Crystal subsequently can be by the bottom part of a solid collection chamber or sugared chamber, and it generally includes a taper and discharges bucket.The bottom of sugar chamber (be usually located at described taper and discharge bucket inside) can comprise a blending device, be used for sugar product is crumpled and admixed, so that finally remove moisture, and eliminate and moist sugar that blending might form, and make the product sugar of discharging have the consistent velocity of discharge by sugared chamber.
As mentioned above, the solid outlet can comprise a lip limit structure, and it makes that the movement locus of discharging crystal is irrelevant with size dimension and/or its remaining syrup/moisture of crystal basically.
Radius or similar structures that said structure can be a kind of curve, reduce gradually.In one embodiment, this lip limit structure is a kind of lip limit radius.
The numerical value on above-mentioned lip limit preferably is equal to or greater than the numerical value that is calculated by following formula:
V
2/δ＝9.8cosθ＋Rw
2sinθ
Wherein: V is the relative velocity between crystal and the centrifugal drum;
θ is a free crystal when leaving centrifugal drum and the angle between the horizontal direction, (its numerical value preferably is less than or equal to 2 degree);
R is the radius roller of the radius of centrifugal drum at the θ place;
W is the rotary speed of centrifugal drum, and its unit is the per second radian;
δ is the top radius that is positioned at the centrifugal drum top.
V is difficult to determine, still usually at 0.5-5ms
-1Scope within, for high-grade sugar, preferably approach 1ms
-1θ is typically about 1 degree, referring to accompanying drawing 5.
In addition, the crystal that is discharged from can collide by deflector static with or motion, and crystal and deflector are preferably less than 15 angles of spending and carry out primary collision with less than 90 degree.The shape of deflector should be chosen like this, makes that promptly the point of impingement subsequently is all close to each other, to obtain at least 10 collisions, makes the collision between solid and the deflector become a kind of so-called " slidingtype " collision.
Above-mentioned deflector preferably includes crooked a part and a part that bends outwards inwardly, and makes solid approach described sweep inwardly and bend outwards intersection between the part at the point of the primary collision on the deflector.Even more ideal is to make deflector have a radius that reduces gradually towards its lower end.
In another most preferred embodiment, choose the shape of deflector, make that crystal flying distance before collide with sugared chamber or monitor case subsequently after leaving deflector is big as much as possible.This point can realize by allowing deflector have the radius that reduces gradually towards its lower end in concrete practice.
Collision between crystal and the deflector is considered to and can forms one deck sugar and/or syrup film on deflector, and this film can further cause forming the accumulation of sugar and/or syrup again.For fear of this point, can lubricate deflector surface by spraying tiny water or steam, eject position should leave the position of centrifugal drum near crystal, can be injected on crystal or the cylinder, also can inject directly on the deflector surface.
For the sugar of predetermined quantity, the amounts of lubrication that need be applied depends primarily on the primary collision girth on deflector.In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, impact radius should be as much as possible little mutually, and its limit is used to provide enough gap, so that allow other foreign matters that might be included in the massecuite can pass through this gap.
In adopting the process of apparatus of the present invention, can so that solid with certain movement locus by ejecting in the centrifugal mechanism.Yet, preferably has substantially the same movement locus by the solid that ejects in the centrifugal mechanism, this track is subjected to stopping of deflector, so that make the direction of motion of solid deceleration and change solid, the collision between solid and the deflector can reduce the radial motion speed of solid effectively.
More particularly, above-mentioned process comprises the steps:
Mixture is loaded in " loading area " of rotating centrifugal cylinder bottom, this mixture forms a thin layer on the conical screen that centrifugal drum supported, described loading area can have boring and have the laying of a band filter screen, so that realize the early stage separation of syrup.
Along with gradually centrifugal force being applied on the mixture, will form a mixture thin layer, flow to up in the process of conical screen at this thin layer, constantly discharge syrup in the mixture by described filter screen.
Can spray a kind of liquid on described thin layer, normally water or impurities are less than the another kind of liquid of syrup, so that help the separation to syrup.
Also can be near described thin layer uperize.
Be collected in the syrup of discharging and flushing liquor in the chamber and from sedimentator, discharged, perhaps collected respectively and from sedimentator, separated.
The filtration of the described thin layer on filter screen and motion have caused the sorting to crystal, make tiny crystal to flow to filter screen by this thin layer.
The crystal of discharging is considered to leave with tangential direction the top of conical drum, and its vertical and radial component is to a certain extent less than the component on the circumferencial direction.In addition, the vertical component of crystal speed is very little.
The crystal that may cause discharging to the crystal sorting in the thin layer on the filter screen has different movement locus when leaving cylinder.More particularly, tiny crystal can comprise certain residual liquid, thereby the expectation meeting moves and has very little vertical component along the top of cylinder, and bigger crystal has the vertical velocity component when being similar to them and moving above filter screen when leaving.Yet although there is above-mentioned assorting room, the lip limit radius shape of solid outlet will make all solids all have similar movement locus.
Leave after the cylinder, the crystal that is discharged from passes through the surface that sugared chamber arrives deflector with the smaller angle between and the deflector surface, so that make collision energy enough little, thereby prevent to make crystal fracture, but this can cause the change with the direction of motion of reducing of speed.Can make crystal and/or deflector surface become moist, after colliding, continue motion with deflector so that help crystal.
In a kind of most preferred embodiment, allow crystal pass through to produce several times collision subsequently with deflector before the ring-type sugar chamber, collide then on the sidewall of sugared chamber, its position is lower than deflector end certain distance.
Before leaving sugared chamber, can mix in a kind of mild mode the crystal that comprises different sizes and different moisture content and the commerieal sugar that might comprise sugar (normally Chao Shi sugar crystal), so that being provided, a kind of process fully mixes crystal finished product afterwards, it has water content and crystal size distribution relatively uniformly, does not comprise sugar.
In a kind of optimum implementation, cylinder has two parts.Wherein first or bottom part and axis between the taper half-angle less than 25 the degree, be preferably within the scope of 0-15 degree, more preferably the 9-12 degree.Suitably choose the length of filter screen in this part in conjunction with the type (filtration resistance is mainly by determining such as parameters such as mesh size, aperture area and thickness) of filter screen, so that only syrup is obtained enough discharge effects, make that the transition point from filter mechanism to output mechanism is not present among the part of described bottom.For the very low syrup of viscosity, preferably choose the filter screen of bottom part like this, make it not discharge basically syrup.
Taper half-angle between top part and the axis can be greater than 18 degree more preferably greater than this angle of bottom part, and it depends on size and other character of the solid that needs are separated.When sugar crystal had equivalent diameter greater than 600 μ m, this taper half-angle was preferably within the scope of 24-26 degree, is preferably 25 degree.This a part of cylinder has filter screen, makes syrup to be separated fast, and makes the major part of filter screen be higher than the discharge transition point, so that by discharging mechanism and discharging remaining syrup by means of cleaning usually.
The shape of deflector and position are to determine according to such requirement, be that crystal collides on the point of impingement of deflector surface with a kind of less angle, produce several times collision (6-10 time at least) subsequently with less spacing and deflector then, after leaving deflector, through one section long flying distance, collide at last on the housing of centrifugal separating device.Therefore, there are 3 design principles shape and the position about deflector: reduce the primary collision angle the first, as far as possible; The second, produce repeatedly collision with deflector surface; Three, the distance that allows crystal after leaving deflector, fly and to grow as far as possible.
For above-mentioned article one principle, want to reduce as much as possible solid to the angle of the motion path of the point of impingement for the first time, should choose the shape and the position of deflector, make the cross section of deflector by the point of impingement have less tangential angle as shown in Figure 11.Angle on the cutaway view direction is necessary, but also is not enough to collision angle is reduced to minimum degree.Second requirement is to reduce the angle of collision path angle on plan view as far as possible, for example reduces the radius of the point of impingement as shown in Figure 12 as much as possible.One requirement of above-mentioned back should with more following balance mutually, promptly between cylinder opening and deflector, keep suitable radial spacing, so that allow the foreign matter that might occur or lump can be by passing through in the described spacing.
For above-mentioned second principle, want to design and a kind ofly can produce the repeatedly deflector of collision with less spacing, need the deflector of a kind of three dimensional pattern of design, so as to estimate exactly sugar crystal after leaving centrifugal drum movement locus and to the collision of the deflector of different shape.
Above-mentioned three dimensional pattern also should allow people can estimate the motion path of crystal after leaving deflector, thereby realizes above-mentioned the 3rd principle, promptly guarantees solid long as far as possible distance of flight before producing collision with housing.
Developed a kind of computer model, be used to estimate crystal along deflector with leave motion path after the deflector, so that select the geometry and the structure of the best.Can adopt a computer program, calculate the trace graphics of crystal according to the determined model of above-mentioned formula.
Aforementioned calculation machine model is used to accurately to estimate that sugar crystal is after leaving centrifugal drum and collide movement locus on the deflector of different shape.Such computer program can relate to multiple deflector shape, comprises a plurality of angle of taper, full curve and cylindrical combination or the like, so that determine the motion path of crystal.
Said procedure can calculate single crystal and leave centrifugal drum and produce the repeatedly track of collision with deflector, housing and discharge cone.Can comprise multiple variable, for example geometry of the shape of the vertical speed that makes progress along centrifugal drum, deflector, housing and discharge cone, collision efficiency etc. are so that make this model have general applicability.
Adopt said procedure to design a kind of deflector of the present invention, make crystal to produce repeatedly collision, usually greater than 12 times with this deflector with self-cleaning function.Repeatedly between the collision, should allow crystal remain on above-mentioned near on the position of deflector surface, so that prevent to form deposit.
Locus model can relate to various difform deflectors, comprises a plurality of cones, full curve, cylindrical combination or other analogues, so that determine the movement locus of crystal.In a kind of most preferred embodiment, the shape of deflector is determined by following formula:
R
ref－R＝(K1/Z)
k2＋K3Z
k4
Wherein the definition of variable R and Z as shown in Figure 8, parameters R
Ref, K1, K2, K3 and K4 numerical value choose as follows:
R
Ref=0.7-1.2 is preferably greater than 0.85;
K1=0.0005-0.002 is preferably about 0.001;
K2=0.4-0.66 is preferably about 0.5;
K3=0-3 is preferably 2.5;
K4=0-4 is preferably 3.5.
Should be pointed out that also to calculate other shapes, be used to satisfy three principles recited above.Yet the formed deflector shape of above-mentioned recommended parameter approaches the deflector shape shown in accompanying drawing 6 and 7, physics that this deflector can obtain to expect in actual use and technic index.
As shown in Figure 8 crystal spring curve is based on according to the determined deflector of top listed parameter and obtains, and supposes that its spring efficient is 1.In practice, the spring efficient less than 1, thereby will slightly change its spring curve.When adopting deflector of the present invention, during listed parameter, crystal in fact will remain on the position that is in close proximity to deflector surface above particularly adopting, even looks like along deflector surface and slip over.
The lip limit radius at centrifugal drum top makes all basically crystal and the collision of deflector all concentrate on the narrow and small collision area, and aforesaid deflector shape can cause a kind of motion that is similar to slip, that is repeatedly collision.
In one embodiment, can adopt direct drive mode to drive centrifugal drum, this can omit vee-belt and guard shield associated therewith, because sugar crystal might collide on such guard shield, forms caking.Adopt this direct drive mode, swing pinion and syrup chamber pass through a kind of " cross " structure support on a framework, this structure has the spoke that parallels with the circular motion path of the sugar crystal that leaves centrifugal drum basically, so that reduce the zone that crystal might collide and form caking.
In addition, can carry out mild relatively grinding, be used for mixed sugar, provide a kind of its crystal size, humidity and remaining syrup or impurity level all comparatively uniform crystal product the sugar that adopts device of the present invention to produce.In an embodiment, above-mentioned processing realizes that by allowing sugar grind the maximum relative linear velocity on these two surfaces is less than 30ms between two surfaces
-1, greater than 0.3ms
-1, be preferably in 3-10ms
-1Scope within.
In addition, can hole for one in the above-mentioned surface, discharge by this machine by described hole through the sugar crystal after the blending so that make.Boring surface can be static surface, and moving surface can be a rotor, has the pivoted arm on the whole diameter of the static surface of extending to, so as can be inswept continuously should the surface.
Gap between above-mentioned two surfaces can be 1-50mm, is preferably within the scope of 3-12mm.Similarly, holed in one of them surface, the size in hole can be 1-50mm, is preferably within the scope of 3-12mm, and is better within the scope of 5-8mm.
For the ease of equipment is safeguarded, described lapping device can be arranged on the exit point that product sugar leaves sugared chamber.This position is usually located at the bottom that bucket is discharged in taper.Yet lapping device also can be positioned on any position of sugar crystal movement locus.In one embodiment, lapping device is arranged on the position that sugar crystal leaves deflector, perhaps be arranged on sugared chamber and produce on the position after the collision for the first time, produce on the position of a velocity component down owing to himself gravity but be preferably disposed on crystal.
For the ease of understanding the present invention and being implemented, exemplary embodiments of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of phantom of centrifugal separating device;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagrames of the centrifugal drum that centrifugal separating device adopts as shown in accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is schematic diagrames of a centrifugal drum part, has shown raw material placement situation thereon;
Accompanying drawing 4 is schematic diagrames of a centrifugal drum part, has shown the shape of centrifugal drum opening portion;
Accompanying drawing 5 is detailed maps of the part of centrifugal drum as shown in Figure 4, has shown the movement locus by the solid of discharging in it;
Accompanying drawing 6 is cutaway views of a kind of deflector of adopting of centrifugal separating device as shown in Figure 1;
Accompanying drawing 7 is schematic cross sectional views of deflector as shown in Figure 6;
Accompanying drawing 8 is the crystal spring curves on a kind of deflector of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 9,10 is respectively the top view and the cutaway view of blending device;
Accompanying drawing 11,12 has shown the primary collision angle of solid and deflector respectively.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of centrifugal separating device 10 comprises a centrifugal drum 11, and a feed(raw material)inlet 32 is housed on this centrifugal drum; A syrup outlet 31 that is associated with the filtration side of centrifugal drum 11 with turning round; And solid outlet 18 that is connected with sugared chamber 24 running ground.Described sugared chamber separates by the filtration side of syrup chamber sidewall 19 with centrifugal drum 11.
As shown in drawings, centrifugal drum 11 comprises a top part 12 and a base section 13.In addition, be provided with a deflector 23 in monitor case 28, it is connected with the sidewall of sugared chamber 24.Discharging bucket 25 is connected with the bottom of sugared chamber 24.
Also be provided with a syrup chamber 30, have the fluid passage that is connected with syrup floss hole 31, the feed stream shown in the arrow in the accompanying drawing 14 enters feed(raw material)inlet 32.In addition, also provide 3 water jet nozzle roads, they are arranged at water with a stream spray gun and are ejected in the centrifugal separating device 10.Also be provided with a monitor window 35 on the sugar chamber 24.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, described centrifugal drum 11 comprises a top section 12 and a base section 13.Angle between this base section and the vertical direction is generally 12 degree, and the angle between top section 12 and the vertical direction is 25 degree.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2 and 3, filtration zone 16 is crossed over whole base section 13, and partly enters top section 12, has formed drainage 15 on the remainder of top section 12.Intersection between drainage 15 and the filtration zone 16 should be on the intersection between top section 12 and the base section 13.In other words, drainage 15 need be positioned at its angle of inclination be equal to or greater than 24 the degree those a part of centrifugal drums on.When viscosity is low, can allow filtration zone 15 fully in entire top part 12.In other words, base section 13 should be provided with the filter screen with very high filtration resistance or filter screen (not holed) is not set fully.
The sidewall of centrifugal drum 11 preferably forms the hole by bore mode, and comprises a support net with relative higher permeability, is used to support a filter screen, suitably chooses the mesh size of this filter screen, so that filter out the crystal greater than required size.
The length of drainage 15 is 5 to 20 times of length of filtration zone 16 preferably.When needs improve the efficient of removing impurity from be filtered solid, perhaps when the viscosity increase of syrup or particle size reduce, should increase the length ratio between drainage and the filtration zone 16.
Attached Figure 4 and 5 have shown the part of centrifugal drum 11 in a schematic way, and whole centrifugal drum 11 can rotate on the direction shown in the arrow 17, and it comprises a lip limit 42, and its thin portion 47 is shown in accompanying drawing 4 in more detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing 6 and 7, deflector 23 comprises that inwardly sweep 61 and one bend outwards part 62.Therefore should be noted in the discussion above that deflector 23 has the radius that reduces on the position near its bottom 65, make deflector at the radius at its place, bottom radius less than sugared chamber 24, its bottom is left the sidewall of sugared chamber 24 inwardly on radial direction.This feature is to guarantee that crystal obtained the major measure of maximum flight path before colliding housing.
Referring to accompanying drawing 7, in a most preferred embodiment, allow deflector form by 3 arch section A, B, C, the radius of these arch sections is as follows:
Arc A B C
Beginning X 760.000 759.252 633.846
Y 0.000 270.672 375.081
Center X 326.226 616.014 642.168
Y 132.373 226.145 444.585
End X 759.252 633.846 572.168
Y 270.672 375.081 444.585
Arc radius 460.00 150.00 70.00
Angle 34.22 65.9 83.17
Referring to accompanying drawing 8, when crystal leaves centrifugal drum 11 shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2, they are discharged by discharge point 22 places, and collide on the deflector 23 before entering sugared chamber 24 and discharging bucket 25, and shown in the accompanying drawing 8 is a kind of " bidimensional " representation in crystal spring path 20.It is spiral-shaped to should be noted in the discussion above that crystal spring path 20 has, and the figure that shows in the accompanying drawing is to have omitted a kind of bidimensional representation that is discharged from after the motion of crystal on circumferencial direction or tangential position.In addition, crystal shown in the accompanying drawing 8 spring path only is schematically, has for the sake of clarity only represented 5 points of impingement, but for the deflector of shape shown in having, actual collision frequency surpasses 12 times, and these spring points of impingement concentrate on the position of the approaching first point of impingement.
Referring to accompanying drawing 9 and 10, sugar crystal collides after leaving deflector on housing, enters taper at last and discharges bucket, and glide along the sidewall of discharging bucket, enters a packing machine 80.Solid is at first fallen on the filter screen 90, and a part of solid is by this filter screen 90, and remaining is retained on this filter screen, is crumpled between in 4 pivoted arms 94 of rotor 93 one and the filter screen 90.When pivoted arm 94 rotated on the direction shown in the arrow 92, some sugar were with pivoted arm 94 motions.
When described solid was sugar crystal, what above-mentioned rubbing action made that product sugar becomes caking not can free flowing granule shape material.Above-mentioned filter screen 90 is made of fleece, has the square opening that the length of side is 7mm, can be at an easy rate by described hole under the light pressure of rotor through the product of blending thereby make.
In the above-described embodiments, pivoted arm 94 is that 20 to 40mm pole is made by diameter.Gap between the bottom of pivoted arm 94 and the filter screen 90 is approximately 8mm.The overall diameter of pivoted arm is identical with the diameter of filter screen dish, is approximately 1000mm.The rotating speed of rotor is approximately 150rpm.Under such condition, can under the situation of broken single crystal not, realize blending effectively and disperse.
Referring to accompanying drawing 11, the solid that leaves lip limit 42 is along track 110, is that the angle of α s is put 111 places in primary collision and struck on the deflector 23 to have vertical component, and above-mentioned component should be as much as possible little, is preferably less than 15 degree.Referring to accompanying drawing 12, as shown in the figure track 110 intersects with intrinsic deflection device 120 and extrinsic deflection device 121, as can be seen the horizontal component of the initial contact angle α 1 of this track and intrinsic deflection device 120 less than with the contact angle α 2 of extrinsic deflection device 121.Like this, at first deflector position in vertical direction should make the point of impingement 111 for the first time approach the bending point of deflector, that is to say and approach sweep 61 and the point of interface that bends outwards part 62 inwardly, therefore the slight change of the point of impingement only can produce slight influence to contact angle α s, and secondly deflector 23 should be as much as possible near the discharge point by lip limit 42.
Can adopt centrifugal separating device 10 from massecuite, to separate sugar crystal, in use, the feed stream 14 that will contain the mixture (massecuite) of syrup and sugar crystal is sent to the feed(raw material)inlet 32 of centrifugal separating device 10, by starting centrifugal motor 37, makes centrifugal drum 11 rotations.The feed stream of massecuite enters the base section 13 of centrifugal drum 11, under the action of centrifugal force of rotating centrifugal cylinder 11, flows to top section 12 up with towards the other places.
The syrup that filters by centrifugal drum 11 enters syrup chamber 30, is discharged by syrup outlet 31, and the sugar crystal of separating from syrup enters into sugared chamber 24 through centrifugal drum 11 after repeatedly colliding deflector 23.Sugar crystal in the sugar chamber 24 flows through discharges bucket 25.The rotary speed of cylinder should make the tangential velocity of sugar crystal when discharging be not more than 80ms
-1, be preferably less than 60ms
-1
The sugar crystal of being discharged by discharge point is stirred and is admixed by crumpling between a rotor and static filter screen.Send by the hole on the above-mentioned filter screen through the sugar crystal after the blending.
Should be noted that; above-mentioned explanation only is a kind of illustrating of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the present technique field can also be made all improvement to the present invention in essentiality content scope of the present invention, these improve all within following claim scope required for protection.
Claims (26)
1, a kind of being used for comprises from the centrifugal separating device of liquid separating solids:
Centrifugal mechanism has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet is used to block the solids movement track that leaves described solid outlet, so that reduce the movement velocity of solid and change its direction of motion;
The structure of described deflector and mounting means should in use make solid to produce repeatedly collision with described deflector.
2, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the structure of described deflector and mounting means in use solid make described solid and described deflector produce 3 to 20 collisions.
3, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the structure of described deflector and mounting means should make in use that described solid slips over the surface of deflector.
4, a kind of centrifugal separating device comprises:
Centrifugal mechanism has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet;
Described solid outlet comprises lip limit structure, and the movement locus of feasible crystal of discharging is relatively independent of the content of its size and/or its remaining syrup/moisture.
5, as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that described solid outlet has a curved edge that matches with described deflector, make the solid of all size and/or the primary collision point of residual liquid composition be located substantially on the same position of deflector.
6, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described solid and described deflector surface are to carry out primary collision less than the angle of 5 degree.
7, as claim 5 or 6 described centrifugal separating devices, it is characterized in that described centrifugal mechanism comprises a conical filtering sedimentator, described curved edge comprises a lip limit radius, the size of this lip limit radius is equal to or greater than the calculated value of following formula:
V
2/δ＝9.8cosθ＋Rw
2sinθ
It is characterized in that: V is the relative velocity between crystal and the sedimentator;
θ is that free crystal leaves the position of sedimentator and the angle between the horizontal direction, and its numerical value is less than or equal to 2 degree;
R is the radius of the radius of centrifugal drum at the θ place;
W is the rotary speed of sedimentator, and its unit is the per second radian;
δ is the lip limit radius that is positioned at the sedimentator top.
8, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described solid is a sugar crystal, and described liquid is moisture syrup, and V is approximately 1 meter per second, and θ is equal to or less than 1 degree.
9, as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim, sweep and one bend outwards part inwardly to it is characterized in that comprising one by described deflector.
10, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the primary collision point of described solid on deflector is near described sweep inwardly and the intersection that bends outwards part.
11,, it is characterized in that described deflector has the radius that reduces in its lower end as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim.
12, as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim, comprise a blending mechanism that operatively is associated with described solid outlet, be used for the solid of discharging from described centrifugal separating device is admixed and rubbing, thereby make the solid of discharging have required characteristic uniformly basically.
13, a kind of centrifugal separating device comprises:
Centrifugal device has an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described solid outlet;
With the blending mechanism that described solid outlet operatively is associated, be used for the solid that described centrifugal separating device is discharged is admixed and rubbing, thereby make the solid of discharging have consistent basically desirable characteristics.
14, as claim 12 or 13 described centrifugal separating devices, it is characterized in that described blending mechanism comprises a filter screen and at least one pivoted arm, this pivoted arm can rotate on the plane that is positioned at a determining deviation on the described filter screen.
15, as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that described centrifugal mechanism comprises a centrifugal drum, it has a top part and a bottom part, each part has by the formed upper and lower filter screen part of holing, described bottom part comprises a semicircle cone angle and chooses the filter screen characteristic, makes that operatively the draining transition region by solid is positioned at described top part.
15, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 14 it is characterized in that choosing of described upper filter screen part is the required size scope that is used for being fit to solid, and choosing of described lower filter screen part is the required rate of filtration of passing through liquid in order to be fit to.
16, the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any claim, it is characterized in that described centrifugal separating device comprises two parts, semicircle cone angle between its first or lower portion and the axis is less than 25 degree, and the half-conical angle between its second portion or upper portion and the axis is greater than the respective angles of described lower portion.
17, centrifugal separating device as claimed in claim 16, the semicircle cone angle that it is characterized in that described bottom part is spent within the scopes of 15 degree 0, and the semicircle cone angle of top part is spent within the scopes of 26 degree 24.
18, as the described centrifugal separating device of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that described solid comprises sugar crystal, described liquid comprises moisture syrup.
19, be used for going out the continuous separation method of sugar, comprise the steps: from the massecuite centrifugation that comprises sugar crystal and syrup
A kind of centrifugal separating device is provided, and this device comprises a centrifugal mechanism, and this mechanism comprises an inlet, a liquid outlet and a solid outlet;
A deflector that operatively is associated with described centrifugal mechanism is provided;
Continuously described massecuite is sent into described inlet;
Operate described centrifugal mechanism, so that described crystal is separated from described syrup;
Collect the crystal of separating by described centrifugal mechanism on the described deflector by making described crystal collide, at least a portion crystal is collected on the track that described deflector stops, stopping of this deflector makes the crystal deceleration and changes its direction of motion, and described crystal produces repeatedly collision on deflector.
20, method as claimed in claim 19 comprises described crystal is slipped at least a portion surface of described deflector.
21,, it is characterized in that described crystal and described deflector produce 3 times to 20 times collisions as claim 19 or 20 described methods.
22, method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that described crystal and deflector surface are to carry out primary collision less than the angle of 15 degree.
23,, comprise described deflector surface is lubricated as the described method of one of claim 19 to 22.
24, as the described method of any one claim in the claim 19 to 23, it is characterized in that described centrifugal mechanism comprises two parts, semicircle cone angle between its first or lower portion and the axis is less than 25 degree, and the angle between second portion or upper portion and the axis does not appear at the lower portion from the transmission of filter mechanism to drainage mechanism for syrup separation from crystal greater than the respective angles of lower portion.
25, as any one the described method in the claim 19 to 24, it is characterized in that being included in the blending mechanism described crystal is admixed, described blending mechanism operatively is associated with described solid outlet, be used for the crystal that described centrifugal separating device is separated is admixed and rubbing, so that make the crystal of discharge have consistent basically characteristic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPM3760 | 1994-02-08 | ||
| AUPM3760A AUPM376094A0 (en) | 1994-02-08 | 1994-02-08 | Centrifugal separations apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1143337A true CN1143337A (en) | 1997-02-19 |
Family
ID=3778380
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95192002A Pending CN1143337A (en) | 1994-02-08 | 1995-02-02 | Centrifugal separations apparatus |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0742740A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09508574A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1143337A (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPM376094A0 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9506766A (en) |
| CU (1) | CU22472A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995021697A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA95787B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE513831C2 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2000-11-13 | Alfa Laval Ab | centrifugal |
| GB9919555D0 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 1999-10-20 | Broadbent & Sons Ltd Thomas | Improvements in continuous centrifuges |
| DE10135317A1 (en) | 2001-07-19 | 2003-01-30 | Bayer Ag | Deflection ring for a self-discharging centrifuge |
| US8721793B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2014-05-13 | The Western States Machine Company | Continuous centrifuge feed pipe mixing system |
| US8647505B2 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2014-02-11 | The Western States Machine Company | Screen clamp with integrated center feed |
| CN115301118B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-24 | 陕西瑞沃生物科技有限公司 | Separation device and process for preparing sodium copper chlorophyllin |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2058739A (en) * | 1934-12-17 | 1936-10-27 | Stoner William | Drier |
| US2910184A (en) * | 1957-09-30 | 1959-10-27 | Philippe P Strich | Centrifugal separator |
| GB918386A (en) * | 1959-05-22 | 1963-02-13 | Braunschweigische Maschb Ansta | Improvements in continuous acting sieve centrifuges |
| FR1355763A (en) * | 1963-02-08 | 1964-03-20 | Fives Lille Cail | Continuous wringer, with washing and sewer separation |
| FR1379054A (en) * | 1963-10-10 | 1964-11-20 | Fives Lille Cail | Improvements to continuous spinners with conical basket to obtain a mixture rich in crystals |
| FR1483826A (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1967-06-09 | Yernaux & Cie Ets | Centrifugal sand wringer |
| DE1532688B1 (en) * | 1966-08-26 | 1970-04-30 | Braunschweigische Maschb Ansta | Continuously operating centrifuge, especially sugar centrifuge |
| AU443783B2 (en) * | 1969-12-11 | 1973-12-12 | The Western States Machine Company | Anti-crusting apparatus for continuous sugar centrifugal |
| DE2151476C2 (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1980-10-23 | Kurt 4044 Kaarst Pause | Thick film flow centrifuge |
| FR2184502B1 (en) * | 1972-05-19 | 1974-12-27 | Fives Lille Cail | |
| DE2550496B2 (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1980-12-04 | Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt, 3300 Braunschweig | Process and centrifuge for spinning off and redissolving sugar |
| EP0031549A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-08 | Verenigde Machinefabrieken Stork N.V. | Continuously working centrifuge |
| NL7909208A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-16 | Stork Maschf Nv | Centrifuge for sepn. of crystal sugar etc. - has cap minimising damage on way to rotationally oscillating annular trough with outlet |
| DE3415519A1 (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1985-10-31 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Continuously operating screen-type centrifuge |
| DE3615224C3 (en) * | 1986-05-06 | 1993-12-02 | Selwig & Lange Gmbh | Continuously operating sugar centrifuge |
| US5269849A (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1993-12-14 | Silver-Weibull | Apparatus and method for reducing lump formation and crystal impact damage in a sugar centrifugal |
-
1994
- 1994-02-08 AU AUPM3760A patent/AUPM376094A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-02-01 ZA ZA95787A patent/ZA95787B/en unknown
- 1995-02-02 EP EP95908171A patent/EP0742740A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-02-02 CN CN95192002A patent/CN1143337A/en active Pending
- 1995-02-02 JP JP7520850A patent/JPH09508574A/en active Pending
- 1995-02-02 BR BR9506766A patent/BR9506766A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-02 WO PCT/AU1995/000055 patent/WO1995021697A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-02-06 CU CU00895A patent/CU22472A3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CU22472A3 (en) | 1997-12-24 |
| AUPM376094A0 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| BR9506766A (en) | 1997-10-07 |
| WO1995021697A1 (en) | 1995-08-17 |
| JPH09508574A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
| EP0742740A4 (en) | 1998-04-22 |
| ZA95787B (en) | 1995-10-09 |
| EP0742740A1 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
| MX9603283A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
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