CN114326182B - Device and method for testing phase-shifting gray curve of liquid crystal phase shifter - Google Patents
Device and method for testing phase-shifting gray curve of liquid crystal phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid crystal phase shifter phase shift gray curve testing device and a method, and the device comprises a coupling detection structure and a liquid crystal box, wherein the coupling detection structure comprises a grounding probe pin, a coupling detection grounding sheet, a signal probe pin and a coupling detection radiation sheet; the invention adopts a movable coupling detection structure to realize frequency response and phase-shifting gray scale test of all or most of the liquid crystal phase shifters, screens out the phase-shifting gray scale test results of two or more frequencies through comparison analysis and calculation, and calculates the phase-shifting gray scale test result of any frequency point in a working frequency band, thereby realizing high-efficiency industrialized test and calculation of the liquid crystal phase shifters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal phase shifters, in particular to a device and a method for testing a phase shifting gray scale curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter.
Background
The liquid crystal phased array antenna becomes an industrial hotspot due to the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, easy batch production and the like. Generally, a liquid crystal phase shifter is composed of a liquid crystal material, a phase shifter structure and a control electrode. When the control electrode is loaded with different control voltages, the relative dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecules can be changed, and further phase shift control is realized. For phased array antennas, the frequency response curve of the phase shifter is particularly important in antenna wave steering systems and algorithms. The industrialized accurate measurement or calculation method of the frequency response curve is still blank. The measurement of the frequency response curve of continuous frequency cannot be realized theoretically, and the frequency measurement of discrete frequency has contradiction between measurement time and frequency selection precision. How to realize the compromise of low frequency selection precision and short measurement time becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
There is no complete solution for the industrialized frequency response curve test of the liquid crystal phase shifter. In the scientific research, a discrete frequency point testing method is generally adopted, and a proper frequency point number is selected in a working frequency band for carrying out frequency response curve testing. And if the frequency point of the frequency response curve which is not tested needs to be used as the working frequency point, selecting the frequency response curve of the tested frequency response curve frequency point nearby as an approximate curve for use. On one hand, in order to realize the comprehensiveness of frequency point coverage and the accuracy of a frequency response curve as much as possible, a large number of tests are needed; on the other hand, the discrete selection test method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of using continuous working frequency, and particularly for the phase shifter with higher and higher integration, because the frequency response curve caused by high integration has larger change along with the frequency, the error introduced by the method of selecting frequency points nearby for approximation is larger and larger.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for testing a phase shifting gray scale curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter, which aim to solve the problem of the prior art that the blank and discrete testing method of the frequency response curve testing method of the industrialized liquid crystal phase shifter is insufficient.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the liquid crystal phase shifter phase shift gray curve testing device comprises a coupling detection structure and a liquid crystal box, wherein the coupling detection structure comprises a grounding probe pin, a coupling detection grounding sheet, a signal probe pin and a coupling detection radiation sheet, the coupling detection radiation sheet is arranged in the middle of the coupling detection grounding sheet, the grounding probe pin is connected with the coupling detection grounding sheet, the signal probe pin is connected with the coupling detection radiation sheet, and the liquid crystal box is provided with a coupling gap and a counterpoint mark.
Furthermore, a transmission cable is arranged on the coupling detection radiation sheet.
Furthermore, the coupling detection grounding plate is U-shaped.
Furthermore, the liquid crystal box comprises a phase shifter layer and a metal floor layer, the phase shifter layer is located on the upper layer of the metal floor layer, a phase shifter and a coupling radiation sheet are arranged on the phase shifter layer, the phase shifter is connected with the coupling radiation sheet, the metal floor layer is provided with the coupling gap and the alignment mark, and the coupling gap corresponds to the coupling radiation sheet in position.
Furthermore, the liquid crystal box further comprises top glass, a liquid crystal layer and bottom glass, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located between the phase shifter layer and the metal floor layer, the top glass is located on the upper layer of the phase shifter layer, and the bottom glass is located on the lower layer of the metal floor layer.
In a second aspect, a method for testing a phase shift gray scale curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter includes:
fixing a liquid crystal box to be tested on a clamp;
the test system determines the position of the liquid crystal box through the alignment mark;
moving a coupling detection structure according to the relative position of the alignment mark and the coupling gap to enable the coupling detection structure to be accurately aligned with the coupling gap;
the test system inputs a test signal with specific frequency to the input coupling detection structure and tests an output signal through the output coupling detection structure;
and loading different voltages to the phase shifter, and performing phase shift gray scale test.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
calculating the mean value of the phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency in the designated area;
calculating the mean square error between the phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency in the designated area and the mean value;
removing the phase-shifting gray curve with the mean square error exceeding a threshold value;
and calculating the average value of the residual phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency after removal.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
calculating a phase-shifting gray curve of any frequency in the working frequency band according to a formula;
the formula is:
wherein F H For high operating frequency point, F, of the measured phase-shift gray curve 0 Working frequency point, phi, of phase-shift gray curve to be calculated H And the measured phase-shifting gray scale curve is the phase-shifting gray scale curve when the working frequency point is at the measured height.
Furthermore, different voltages are loaded on the phase shifter, and the phase shifting gray scale of more than two frequencies is tested when the phase shifting gray scale test is carried out.
Further, moving the coupling detection structure according to the relative position of the alignment mark and the coupling gap, so that when the coupling detection structure is accurately aligned with the coupling gap, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
moving the coupling detection structure to be right above the coupling gap of the phase shifter and ensuring that a probe of the coupling detection structure is parallel to a coupling radiation sheet;
and moving the coupling detection structure downwards to be tightly attached to the upper layer of the top layer glass.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a liquid crystal phase shifter phase shift gray curve testing device and a method, comprising a coupling detection structure and a liquid crystal box, wherein the coupling detection structure comprises a grounding probe pin, a coupling detection grounding sheet, a signal probe pin and a coupling detection radiation sheet; the invention adopts a movable coupling detection structure to realize frequency response and phase-shifting gray scale test of all or most of the liquid crystal phase shifters, screens out phase-shifting gray scale test results of two or more frequencies through comparative analysis and calculation, and calculates out the phase-shifting gray scale test result of any frequency point in a working frequency band, thereby realizing high-efficiency industrialized test and calculation of the liquid crystal phase shifters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the prior art and the present invention, the drawings which are needed to be used in the description of the prior art and the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other drawings may be derived from the provided drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, and other dimensions shown in the specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, and it is to be understood that all such modifications, changes in proportions, or alterations in size which do not affect the efficacy or objectives of the invention are not to be seen as within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a phase shift gray scale curve testing apparatus for a liquid crystal phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coupling detection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a test of a single signal input port system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a phase shift gray scale test structure of a holographic liquid crystal array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for testing a phase shift gray scale curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-a coupled probing structure; 11-out-coupling detection structure; 12-an input coupled probing structure; 101-a transmission cable; 102-coupling detection grounding piece; 103-coupling detection radiation piece; 104-signal probe pins; 105-a ground probe pin; 2-a liquid crystal cell; 21-top glass; 22-a phase shifter layer; 221-a phase shifter; 222-coupled radiating patches; 23-a liquid crystal layer; 24-a metal floor layer; 241-coupling slot; 2411-output coupling slot; 2412-input coupling gap; 242-bit identification; 25-bottom glass.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the above-described drawings (if any) are intended to distinguish between referenced items. For a scheme with a time sequence flow, the expression of the terms is not necessarily understood to describe a specific sequence or order, and for a scheme with a device structure, the expression of the terms does not have distinction of importance degree, position relation and the like.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements specifically listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed that are inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus or that are added to a further optimization scheme based on the present inventive concept.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for testing a phase-shifting gray curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter, including a coupling detection structure 1 and a liquid crystal cell 2, where the coupling detection structure 1 includes a ground probe pin 105, a coupling detection ground strip 102, a signal probe pin 104, and a coupling detection radiation strip 103, the coupling detection ground strip 102 is in a "U" shape, the coupling detection radiation strip 103 is disposed in the middle of the coupling detection ground strip 102, and a transmission cable 101 is disposed on the coupling detection radiation strip 103; two grounding probe pins 105 are arranged, the two grounding probe pins 105 are connected with two ends of the coupling detection grounding sheet 102, and the signal probe pin 104 is connected with the coupling detection radiating sheet 103 to form a complete grounding-signal-grounding pin structure; the coupling detection radiation piece 103 connected with the signal probe pin 104 captures signal energy radiated by the coupling radiation piece 222 and transmits the signal to the signal probe pin 104; the coupling detection ground plate 102 is designed to have a special length (usually half the wavelength of the operating frequency medium), which is equivalent to the same rf property of the metal ground plate layer 24 in the liquid crystal cell 2, and the signal capture and transmission are realized by the ground-signal-ground pin structure. The coupling probe structure 1 may comprise a plurality of input coupling probe structures 11 and output coupling probe structures under test.
Referring to fig. 1, the liquid crystal cell 2 includes a top glass 21, a phase shifter layer 22, a liquid crystal layer 23, a metal floor layer 24 and a bottom glass 25, the liquid crystal layer 23 is located between the phase shifter layer 22 and the metal floor layer 24, the top glass 21 is located on the phase shifter layer 22, the bottom glass 25 is located on the metal floor layer 24, the phase shifter layer 22 is provided with a phase shifter 221 and a coupling radiation sheet 222, the phase shifter 221 is connected to the coupling radiation sheet 222, the metal floor layer 24 is provided with a coupling gap 241 and an alignment mark 242, the coupling gap 241 corresponds to the coupling radiation sheet 22, and the coupling gap 241 includes a plurality of input coupling gaps 2412 and a plurality of output coupling gaps 2411, and a plurality of input coupling detection structures 11 and output coupling detection structures are aligned precisely.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the testing apparatus for phase shifting gray scale curve of liquid crystal phase shifter provided by the present invention can be applied to the testing of single signal input port system and the phase shifting gray scale testing of holographic liquid crystal array antenna.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for testing a phase shift gray scale curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter, including:
s1: fixing a liquid crystal box to be tested on a clamp;
specifically, the liquid crystal phase shifter panel to be tested is fixed on a special fixture plane, so that the panel is ensured to be horizontally placed, and meanwhile, the displacement of the panel in the testing process is avoided.
S2: the test system determines the position of the liquid crystal box through the alignment mark;
specifically, the test system accurately finds the panel position through the alignment mark on the liquid crystal phase shifter panel.
S3: moving a coupling detection structure according to the relative position of the alignment mark and the coupling gap, so that the coupling detection structure and the coupling gap are accurately aligned;
specifically, the input-output coupling detection structure with the transmission cable is moved to a position right above an input-output coupling gap of the phase shifter to be tested, a probe of the coupling detection structure is ensured to be parallel to the coupling radiation sheet, and the input-output coupling detection structure is moved downwards to be tightly attached to the upper layer of the top layer glass.
S4: the test system inputs a test signal with specific frequency to the input coupling detection structure and tests an output signal through the output coupling detection structure;
specifically, the other end of the transmission cable is communicated with a test instrument, the test instrument inputs a test signal with specific frequency to the input coupling detection structure through the cable, and the test instrument outputs the signal through the transmission cable connected with the output coupling detection structure.
S5: and loading different voltages to the phase shifter, and performing phase shift gray scale test.
Specifically, a control voltage is loaded through a phase shifter electrode, and the loaded known voltage is ensured to be synchronous with an instrument signal; after the test is finished, the motor is controlled to move the position of the input-output coupling detection structure, and the phase shifting gray scale of a specific frequency point is carried out on the next phase shifter.
During testing, testing the phase-shifting gray curve of more than two frequencies; when the coupling detection structure is moved, the detection structure is moved upwards, then the coupling detection structure is moved to the position right above the next phase shifter to be detected, and the steps of S1-S5 are repeated to test the phase-shifting gray curve of each phase shifter with more than two frequencies one by one.
S6: calculating the mean value of the phase-shifting gray level curves with the same frequency in the designated area;
s7: calculating the mean square error between the phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency in the designated area and the mean value;
s8: removing the phase-shifting gray curve with the mean square error exceeding a threshold value;
s9: and calculating the average value of the residual phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency after removal.
S10: calculating a phase-shifting gray curve of any frequency in the working frequency band according to a formula;
the formula is:
wherein F H For high operating frequency point, F, of the measured phase-shift gray curve 0 Working frequency point, phi, of phase-shift gray curve to be calculated H And the measured phase-shifting gray scale curve is the phase-shifting gray scale curve when the working frequency point is at the measured height.
Specifically, the phase shifter in the form of a liquid crystal microstrip transmission line is not provided
Wherein, F H High frequency point, F, for the measured phase-shift gray curve L For low working frequency point, phi, of the measured phase-shift gray curve H Is a phase-shift gray scale curve phi at the measured high working frequency point L The phase-shifting gray curve is the measured phase-shifting gray curve at the low working frequency point.
F 0 ＝F L Time phi 0 ＝Φ L ；F H ＝F L Time phi H ＝Φ L ；
Thus, it is possible to provide
A＝1
Wherein, F0 is the working frequency point of the phase-shifting gray curve to be calculated, and the phase-shifting gray relation corresponding to any frequency point in the working frequency band is as follows:
as can be seen from the above formula, for the liquid crystal phase shifter, the minimum value needs to test two-point phase-shifting gray scale curves, and the phase-shifting gray scale calculation of any frequency point in the working frequency band can be realized.
S11: testing and calculating a phase-shifting gray curve of any frequency in different areas of the phase shifter panel according to the S6-S10;
s12: and writing the calculated phase-shifting gray level curves of any frequency of all the areas into a table, and waiting for the control and calling of a phased array system and an algorithm.
Liquid crystal phase shifters in a liquid crystal phased array antenna system are usually arranged in a group array mode, due to the production process, the process of the liquid crystal phase shifters distributed at different positions has deviation, and if the phase shifting gray scale test result of a single phase shifter is applied to all the phase shifters, error accumulation is prone to occur, and the system performance is affected. The invention adopts a movable coupling detection structure to realize frequency response and phase-shifting gray scale test of all or most of the liquid crystal phase shifters, screens out phase-shifting gray scale test results of two or more frequencies through comparative analysis and calculation, calculates out the phase-shifting gray scale test result of any frequency point in a working frequency band, realizes a phase-shifting gray scale test result table of continuous frequencies, and provides the phase-shifting gray scale test result table for phased array systems and algorithm requirements.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the industrialized movable coupling detection structure can realize timely large-scale fast beat test of a production line;
2. the testing method of the phase shifter in the phase shifter panel, the testing method in non-contact time of the coupling form realizes the accurate test on the premise of not contacting and damaging the structure of the liquid crystal phase shifter;
3. the phase-shifting gray level mean value calculation, variance threshold value selection and updating of the phase-shifting gray level mean value calculation method ensure that the calculated phase-shifting gray level is closer to the actual situation;
4. the test and calculation of the phase shift gray scale of the designated area are carried out according to the actual production condition of the liquid crystal panel (the process problem which is most easily caused in the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal panel is that the process data realization capability of different areas is different), the provided test method reduces the data amount of the test table, further improves the accuracy of the phase shift gray scale result, and can reversely promote the production line process according to the calculation result of different areas and give the production line process guidance to the production line process
5. According to the liquid crystal phase shifter principle, a phase shift gray curve calculation formula of any frequency point in a working frequency band is theoretically calculated and pushed out, and a large amount of tests and a large amount of data formed after the tests are performed in a large amount are avoided.
The above specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
All the technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined (as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features), and for brevity of description, all the possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described; such non-explicitly written embodiments should be considered as being within the scope of the present description.
The present invention has been described in considerable detail by the general description and the specific examples given above. It should be noted that numerous variations and modifications could be made to the specific embodiments described without departing from the inventive concept, and such are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The liquid crystal phase shifter phase shift gray curve testing device is characterized by comprising a coupling detection structure and a liquid crystal box, wherein the coupling detection structure comprises a grounding probe pin, a coupling detection grounding sheet, a signal probe pin and a coupling detection radiation sheet, the coupling detection radiation sheet is arranged in the middle of the coupling detection grounding sheet, the grounding probe pin is connected with the coupling detection grounding sheet, the signal probe pin is connected with the coupling detection radiation sheet, and the liquid crystal box is provided with a coupling gap and a counterpoint mark.
2. The apparatus for testing phase-shifting gray scale curve of liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein a transmission cable is disposed on the coupling detection radiation sheet.
3. The testing device for phase shifting gray scale curve of liquid crystal phase shifter of claim 1, wherein the coupling detection grounding plate is U-shaped.
4. The device for testing the phase shifting gray curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal box comprises a phase shifter layer and a metal floor layer, the phase shifter layer is located on the upper layer of the metal floor layer, the phase shifter layer is provided with a phase shifter and a coupling radiation sheet, the phase shifter is connected with the coupling radiation sheet, the metal floor layer is provided with the coupling gap and the alignment mark, and the coupling gap corresponds to the coupling radiation sheet.
5. The device for testing the phase shifting gray scale curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter of claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal cell further comprises a top glass, a liquid crystal layer and a bottom glass, the liquid crystal layer is located between the phase shifter layer and the metal floor layer, the top glass is located on the phase shifter layer, and the bottom glass is located on the metal floor layer.
6. A method for testing a phase shift gray curve of a liquid crystal phase shifter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing the liquid crystal box to be tested on a clamp;
the test system determines the position of the liquid crystal box through the alignment mark;
moving a coupling detection structure according to the relative position of the alignment mark and the coupling gap, so that the coupling detection structure and the coupling gap are accurately aligned;
the test system inputs a test signal with specific frequency to the input coupling detection structure and tests an output signal through the output coupling detection structure;
and loading different voltages to the phase shifter, and performing phase shift gray scale test.
7. The method for testing the phase shifting gray scale curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 6, further comprising:
calculating the mean value of the phase-shifting gray level curves with the same frequency in the designated area;
calculating the mean square error between the phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency in the designated area and the mean value;
removing the phase-shifting gray curve with the mean square error exceeding a threshold value;
and calculating the average value of the residual phase-shifting gray curve with the same frequency after removal.
8. The method for testing the phase shifting gray scale curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 7, further comprising:
calculating a phase-shifting gray curve of any frequency in the working frequency band according to a formula;
the formula is:
wherein F H For high operating frequency point, F, of the measured phase-shift gray curve 0 Working frequency point, phi, of phase-shift gray curve to be calculated H The phase-shifting gray curve is the phase-shifting gray curve when the measured high working frequency point is reached.
9. The method for testing the phase shifting gray curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein different voltages are applied to the phase shifter, and the phase shifting gray is tested at least at two frequencies during the phase shifting gray test.
10. The method for testing the phase shifting gray scale curve of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein the step of moving the coupling detection structure according to the relative position of the alignment mark and the coupling gap to precisely align the coupling detection structure and the coupling gap comprises the following steps:
moving the coupling detection structure to be right above the coupling gap of the phase shifter and ensuring that a probe of the coupling detection structure is parallel to a coupling radiation sheet;
and moving the coupling detection structure downwards to be tightly attached to the upper layer of the top layer glass.
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