CN114324734A - Method and device for representing combustion performance of material - Google Patents
Method and device for representing combustion performance of material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114324734A CN114324734A CN202111524012.0A CN202111524012A CN114324734A CN 114324734 A CN114324734 A CN 114324734A CN 202111524012 A CN202111524012 A CN 202111524012A CN 114324734 A CN114324734 A CN 114324734A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular nitrogen;molecular oxygen Chemical compound N#N.O=O DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000178289 Verbascum thapsus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for representing the combustion performance of a material, wherein the method comprises the following steps: vertically placing a sample in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, igniting the bottom end of the sample, continuously adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, and testing the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the sample just maintains combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, namely the volume fraction concentration of the lowest oxygen required by stable combustion, namely obtaining the limit oxygen index of the sample; under the gas atmosphere of the limiting oxygen index, recording the melt dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion, namely obtaining the flame retardant grade of the sample; the device comprises a transparent combustion cylinder, a support rod, a sample clamp, a base and a nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel. The method can make up the defects of the prior vertical combustion method and the oxygen index method in representing the combustion performance of the material, so that the oxygen index and the vertical combustion performance have relevance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material testing and devices thereof, and relates to a method and a device for representing the combustion performance of a material.
Background
The characterization of the combustion properties of materials is of great importance, and the main test methods at present are the direct combustion method and the oxygen index method.
The test principles of national standard GB/T2406.2-2009 oxygen index method for testing combustion behavior for plastics, GB/T5454-1997 oxygen index method for testing textile combustion performance, GB/T10707-2008 oxygen index method for testing rubber combustion performance and GB/T8924-2005 oxygen index method for testing fiber reinforced plastics combustion performance are as follows: a sample with a specified size is vertically supported in a transparent combustion cylinder with a specified size, mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen with a certain concentration flowing from bottom to top at a specified flow rate is contained in the transparent combustion cylinder, an igniter is used for igniting the upper end of the sample, and the lowest oxygen concentration required by the combustion of the sample is gradually found through the principle of an ascending-descending method. Since the oxygen concentration in air is about 21% by volume, it is generally considered that the substance can be burned in air when the limited oxygen index is 22%, the oxygen index is less than 22% and is combustible material, the oxygen index is between 22% and 27% and is combustible material, and more than 27% is nonflammable material.
The testing principle of the national standard GB/T2048-2008 'horizontal method and vertical method for measuring the combustion performance of plastics' is as follows: a specimen of a specified size is vertically hung on a fixture, the specimen is ignited from the lower end for 10s in the air by using a bunsen burner, then the flame is removed, the burning time and the dripping condition of the specimen are recorded, then the ignition process is repeated, the burning time and the dripping condition after the second ignition are recorded, and then the vertical burning grade of the material is obtained according to a specified judgment standard.
However, the properties of the combustion of the material are various, and various characterization means can only characterize one aspect of the material, and although the vertical combustion method and the oxygen index method are the two most commonly used combustion performance test methods, the data of the vertical combustion method and the oxygen index method are lack of correlation, that is, the data of a material with excellent combustion performance under another test method may not perform well, and how to correlate the two test methods is a development direction in the field of the combustion performance test of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems in the prior art and to providing a method and apparatus for characterizing the combustion behavior of a material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for representing the combustion performance of a material comprises the steps of vertically placing a sample in nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, igniting the bottom end of the sample, continuously adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, and testing the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the sample just maintains combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, namely obtaining the limiting oxygen index of the sample;
under the gas atmosphere of the limiting oxygen index, the melt dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion is recorded, namely the flame retardant grade of the sample is obtained.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the method for representing the combustion performance of the material, the flow rate of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is 5-15L/min, and the purpose of the design is consistent with the requirements of the national current standard.
As one method of characterizing the combustion behavior of a material, as described above, sustained combustion means capable of being ignited within 30 seconds and extinguished 180 seconds after ignition.
According to the method for characterizing the combustion performance of the material, the corresponding relation between the melt dripping condition and the flame retardant grade when the sample is vertically combusted is as follows: no melt drip, V0 rating; with melt dripping and no flame on the melt, V1 rating; there were melt drips and the melt was flaming, grade V2.
According to the method for representing the combustion performance of the material, the material of the sample is a paper-plastic composite material, a wood-plastic composite material, plastic, rubber or fiber; the size of the test sample is the same as the size specified in the national standard GB/T2406.2-2009 oxygen index method for testing the combustion behavior of plastics or the national standard GB/T5454-1997 oxygen index method for testing the combustion performance of textiles.
The invention also provides a device for representing the combustion performance of the material, which comprises a transparent combustion cylinder, a support rod, a sample clamp, a base and a nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel;
the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder is detachably connected with the body of the transparent combustion cylinder, the supporting rod penetrates into the transparent combustion cylinder from the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder, and the bottom end of the supporting rod is connected with the sample clamp;
the bottom end of the transparent combustion cylinder is inserted into the base; the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is communicated with the transparent combustion cylinder.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the device for representing the combustion performance of the material, the supporting rod is connected with the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder in a lifting mode.
According to the device for representing the combustion performance of the material, the support rod is in threaded connection with the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder, the support rod is provided with threads, and the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder is provided with a threaded hole matched with the threads.
In the device for characterizing the combustion performance of the material, the sample clamp is a U-shaped frame or a mechanical clamp.
An apparatus for characterizing the combustion performance of a material as described above, further comprising a metal mesh and a diffuser ring; the bottom end of the transparent combustion cylinder is sealed by a metal net and a diffuser ring which are fixed in the base and arranged up and down.
According to the device for representing the combustion performance of the material, the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is composed of a gas mixing chamber, an oxygen pipeline, a nitrogen pipeline and an air outlet pipe; the inlet of the gas mixing chamber is simultaneously connected with an oxygen pipeline and a nitrogen pipeline, a partial pressure valve is respectively arranged on the oxygen pipeline and the nitrogen pipeline, the partial pressure of gas in the oxygen pipeline and the nitrogen pipeline is controlled by the partial pressure valve, the partial pressure in the oxygen pipeline and the partial pressure in the nitrogen pipeline are both 0-0.3 MPa, and the relative concentration of oxygen or nitrogen in the mixing chamber is 0-100%; an oxygen concentration sensor is arranged at the outlet of the gas mixing chamber and is connected with the inlet of the gas outlet pipe; the outlet of the air outlet pipe penetrates through the base and is connected with the diffuser ring; the outlet pipe is provided with a flowmeter.
An apparatus for characterizing the combustion behavior of a material as described above, further comprising a combustible gas conduit; the combustible gas pipeline sequentially penetrates through the base, the diffuser ring and the metal net to penetrate into the transparent combustion cylinder; a pressure dividing valve is arranged on the combustible gas pipeline; the top end of the combustible gas pipeline is provided with an automatic ignition device; the distance between the top end of the combustible gas pipeline and the bottom end of the sample is 1.5-2.5 cm, and the design aims to be consistent with the requirements of the national current standard.
The device for characterizing the combustion performance of the material has the following use process: firstly, clamping a sample in a sample clamp at the bottom end of a supporting rod, then inserting the bottom end of a transparent combustion cylinder into a base, and then adjusting the height of the supporting rod to enable the bottom of the sample to reach a position 1.5-2.5 cm above a combustible gas pipeline; then igniting the combustible gas, adjusting the height of the flame to be 2cm (consistent with the existing national standard), continuously igniting the clamped sample for 30s by using the flame, then extinguishing the flame, and observing the combustion condition of the sample; if the sample is not ignited within 30s or the sample is extinguished within 180s after the sample is ignited, the concentration of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas flowing into the combustion chamber is increased, otherwise, the concentration of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas in the combustion chamber is reduced until the oxygen concentration required when the sample is just extinguished within 180s is measured, and meanwhile, the melting and dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion is recorded.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the existing material combustion test, particularly the vertical combustion test, is greatly different from the international limit oxygen index test method, namely the clamping mode and the ignition mode of a sample are different, the upper end of the sample is clamped during the vertical combustion test, ignition is carried out from the lower end of the sample, the lower end of the sample is clamped during the limit oxygen index test, and ignition is carried out from the upper end of the sample, so that test results with contradictory vertical combustion and limit oxygen index results often occur, for example, the limit oxygen index of some materials is very high, but the level of vertical combustion is rather low. The invention adopts the same sample clamping mode and ignition mode as the vertical combustion when testing and maintaining the lowest oxygen concentration (oxygen index) of the sample with flame combustion, thereby realizing good correlation of the oxygen index and the vertical combustion test result and further more accurately reflecting the combustion property of the material. In addition, the vertical combustion test in the prior art is tested in an atmospheric environment, namely the oxygen concentration is about 21%, the situation that the material is inevitably in a flamed combustion state cannot be guaranteed, the vertical combustion test is tested after the limit oxygen index is measured, the oxygen concentration is the limit oxygen index, the material can be guaranteed to be in the flamed combustion state, and the vertical combustion state under the oxygen concentration under the condition of just maintaining combustion can be more accurately represented.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the device is simple and convenient to operate, and the sample applicability is wide;
(2) according to the method, the vertical combustion performance and the combustion oxygen index can be synchronously obtained only through single test, so that the combustion evaluation process is optimized;
(3) the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the test data is more real, and the phenomenon that the combustion performance evaluation results of the limited oxygen index test and the vertical combustion test are not matched can be avoided.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-2 are partial views of apparatus for characterizing the combustion behavior of a material in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a transparent combustion can;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mechanical clip;
the device comprises a transparent combustion cylinder 1, a support rod 2, a base 4, a metal net 5, a diffuser ring 6, a gas mixing chamber 7, an oxygen pipeline 8, a nitrogen pipeline 9, an air outlet pipe 10, a combustible gas pipeline 11, a U-shaped frame 12, a mechanical clamp 13, a threaded hole 14, a pressure dividing valve 15, an oxygen concentration sensor 16, a flow meter 17 and an automatic ignition device 18.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
A method for representing the combustion performance of a material comprises the steps of vertically placing a sample in nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas with the flow rate of 5-15L/min, igniting the bottom end of the sample, continuously adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, and testing the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the sample just maintains combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas (namely the sample can be ignited within 30s and just extinguishes 180s after ignition), so that the limit oxygen index of the sample is obtained;
under the gas atmosphere of the limiting oxygen index, recording the melt dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion, namely obtaining the flame retardant grade of the sample; the corresponding relation between the melting and dripping condition and the flame retardant grade when the test sample is vertically combusted is as follows: no melt drip, V0 rating; with melt dripping and no flame on the melt, V1 rating; there were melt dripping and melt flaming, V2 rating;
the material of the sample is paper-plastic composite material, wood-plastic composite material, plastic, rubber or fiber; the size of the test sample is the same as the size specified in the national standard GB/T2406.2-2009 oxygen index method for testing the combustion behavior of plastics or the national standard GB/T5454-1997 oxygen index method for testing the combustion performance of textiles.
A device for representing the combustion performance of a material is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises a transparent combustion cylinder 1, a support rod 2, a sample clamp, a base 4, a metal net 5, a diffuser ring 6, a gas mixing chamber 7, an oxygen pipeline 8, a nitrogen pipeline 9, an air outlet pipe 10 and a combustible gas pipeline 11;
the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder 1 is detachably connected with the body of the transparent combustion cylinder 1, the support rod 2 penetrates into the transparent combustion cylinder 1 from the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder 1, the bottom end of the support rod 2 is connected with a sample clamp, and the sample clamp is a U-shaped frame 12 or a mechanical clamp 13; the support rod 2 is in threaded connection with the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder 1, threads are arranged on the support rod 2, and a threaded hole 14 matched with the threads is formed in the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder 1;
the bottom end of the transparent combustion cylinder 1 is inserted into the base 4 and is blocked by a metal net 5 and a diffuser ring 6 which are fixed in the base 4 and are arranged up and down;
the inlet of the gas mixing chamber 7 is simultaneously connected with an oxygen pipeline 8 and a nitrogen pipeline 9, and a partial pressure valve 15 is respectively arranged on the oxygen pipeline 8 and the nitrogen pipeline 9; an oxygen concentration sensor 16 is arranged at the outlet of the gas mixing chamber 7 and is connected with the inlet of the gas outlet pipe 10; the outlet of the air outlet pipe 10 passes through the base 4 and is connected with the diffuser ring 6; a flowmeter 17 is arranged on the air outlet pipe 10;
the combustible gas pipeline 11 sequentially penetrates through the base 4, the diffuser ring 6 and the metal net 5 and penetrates into the transparent combustion cylinder 1; a pressure dividing valve is arranged on the combustible gas pipeline 11; an automatic ignition device 18 is mounted on the top end of the combustible gas conduit 11.
A method for representing the combustion performance of a material by adopting the device comprises the following specific steps:
(1) clamping the top end of a sample by using a sample clamp to vertically fix the sample in a transparent combustion cylinder 1, adjusting the distance between the bottom end of the sample and a pipeline outlet of a combustible gas pipeline 11 to be 1.5-2.5 cm, adjusting a pressure division valve 15 on an oxygen pipeline 8 to enable the pressure in the oxygen pipeline 8 to be 0.1-0.3 MPa, adjusting the pressure division valve 15 on a nitrogen pipeline 9 to enable the pressure in the nitrogen pipeline 9 to be 0.1-0.3 MPa, and adjusting a flow meter 17 to enable the flow of nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas to be 5-15L/min; adjusting a partial pressure valve of the combustible gas pipeline 11 to enable the pressure in the combustible gas pipeline to be 0.04-0.1 MPa; wherein the material of the sample is paper-plastic composite material, wood-plastic composite material, plastic, rubber or fiber;
(2) starting an automatic ignition device to ignite the bottom end of the sample;
(3) when the bottom end of the sample is not ignited within 30s, adjusting a partial pressure valve 15 on the oxygen pipeline 8 to increase the pressure, so as to increase the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas (the reading can be obtained from an oxygen concentration sensor 16); when the bottom end of the sample can be ignited within 30s but is extinguished within 180s, the partial pressure valve 15 on the oxygen pipeline 8 is adjusted to increase the pressure, so as to increase the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas (the reading can be obtained from the oxygen concentration sensor 16); when the bottom end of the sample can be ignited within 30s and continues to burn after 180s without extinguishing, the partial pressure valve 15 on the oxygen pipeline 8 is adjusted to reduce the pressure, so that the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is reduced (the reading can be obtained from the oxygen concentration sensor 16); after the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is continuously adjusted, the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the test sample just maintains combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is tested, the gas partial pressure of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is kept unchanged, and the melting and dripping condition of the test sample during vertical combustion is recorded; the maintenance of combustion means that the ignition can be performed within 30 seconds and the ignition is extinguished at 180 seconds.
Judging the flame-retardant grade of the sample according to the melt dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion, wherein the corresponding relation between the melt dripping condition and the flame-retardant grade during vertical combustion of the sample is as follows: no melt drip, V0 rating; with melt dripping and no flame on the melt, V1 rating; there were melt dripping and melt flaming, V2 rating; the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas at which the sample just maintained combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas was also recorded as the limiting oxygen index of the sample.
Aiming at some samples, comparing the test method of the invention with the test method of the prior art, wherein the flow rate of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas of the device adopted by the test method of the invention is 10L/min, the pressure in the oxygen pipeline 8 is 0.15MPa, the pressure in the nitrogen pipeline 9 is 0.15MPa, the pressure in the combustible gas pipeline is 0.05MPa, the distance between the bottom end of the sample and the pipeline outlet of the combustible gas pipeline 11 is 2cm, and the sample clamp is a mechanical clamp, and the test results are as follows:
the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced PA6 can realize no molten drop self-extinguishing in a UL94 vertical burning test, reaches a V0 grade, has an oxygen index of only 25.5 percent when the addition amount is about 20 percent due to a burning candlewick effect, is judged as a combustible material according to a routine, and is not consistent with the judgment result of the UL94 test; the vertical burning evaluation of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced PA6 measured by the method is V0, the oxygen index is 29.5 percent, and the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced PA6 is a flame-retardant material.
The low-halogen high-efficiency flame-retardant polypropylene is characterized in that a large amount of flame drops are generated during combustion, the flame drops are V2 grade during UL94 vertical combustion test, but flame molten drops can quickly extinguish flame during oxygen index test, so the oxygen index is extremely high and is 30.5 percent, the vertical combustion of the low-halogen high-efficiency flame-retardant polypropylene is determined to be V2 by the method, the oxygen index is 26 percent and is a difficult-to-burn material, and the oxygen index is reduced because the flame molten drops cannot prevent the continuous combustion from going on because the combustion of the material starts from the lower part, and the oxygen index is reduced.
The MPP flame retardant PA6 can achieve no molten drop in combustion in UL94 vertical combustion test, reaches V0 grade, has an oxygen index of only 24.2 percent and is a combustible material, and the MPP flame retardant PA6 measured by the method has a vertical combustion evaluation of V0 and an oxygen index of 28.5 percent and is a flame retardant material.
The dicyclic phosphate flame-retardant PET lamp box cloth is ignited from the upper part of the model due to the oxygen index, the air flow is weak, the oxygen index reaches 30 percent, but in the vertical combustion, due to the ignition from the lower part of the sample, the air flow is fast, the oxygen supply is sufficient, the oxygen supply is only V2 grade, the vertical combustion rating of the dicyclic phosphate flame-retardant PET lamp box cloth measured by the method is V2 grade, and the oxygen index is 25 percent.
The composite flame-retardant PBT can be self-extinguished without molten drops during a UL94 vertical combustion test, reaches the V0 grade, has an oxygen index of only 24.5 percent and is a combustible material, and the composite flame-retardant PBT has a vertical combustion evaluation of V0 and an oxygen index of 29 percent and is a flame-retardant material.
In conclusion, the combustion performance evaluation results of the limited oxygen index test and the vertical combustion test which are measured by the method can be well matched, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.
Claims (10)
1. A method for representing the combustion performance of a material is characterized in that a sample is vertically placed in a nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, the bottom end of the sample is ignited, the concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is continuously adjusted, the volume fraction concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the sample just maintains combustion in the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is tested, and the limit oxygen index of the sample is obtained;
under the gas atmosphere of the limiting oxygen index, the melt dripping condition of the sample during vertical combustion is recorded, namely the flame retardant grade of the sample is obtained.
2. The method for characterizing the combustion performance of a material according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is 5-15L/min.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein maintaining combustion means that the material can be ignited within 30 seconds and extinguished 180 seconds after ignition.
4. The method for characterizing the combustion performance of materials according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding relation between the melt dripping condition and the flame retardant grade when the test sample is vertically combusted is as follows: no melt drip, V0 rating; with melt dripping and no flame on the melt, V1 rating; there were melt drips and the melt was flaming, grade V2.
5. The method for characterizing the combustion performance of materials according to claim 1, wherein the material of the sample is paper-plastic composite, wood-plastic composite, plastic, rubber or fiber; the size of the test sample is the same as the size specified in the national standard GB/T2406.2-2009 oxygen index method for testing the combustion behavior of plastics or the national standard GB/T5454-1997 oxygen index method for testing the combustion performance of textiles.
6. A device for representing the combustion performance of a material is characterized by comprising a transparent combustion cylinder, a support rod, a sample clamp, a base and a nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel;
the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder is detachably connected with the body of the transparent combustion cylinder, the supporting rod penetrates into the transparent combustion cylinder from the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder, and the bottom end of the supporting rod is connected with the sample clamp;
the bottom end of the transparent combustion cylinder is inserted into the base; the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is communicated with the transparent combustion cylinder.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the rod is elevationally coupled to the top end of the transparent combustion cylinder.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a metal mesh and a diffuser ring; the bottom end of the transparent combustion cylinder is sealed by a metal net and a diffuser ring which are fixed in the base and arranged up and down.
9. The apparatus for characterizing the combustion performance of a material according to claim 8, wherein the nitrogen-oxygen mixture gas channel is composed of a gas mixing chamber, an oxygen pipeline, a nitrogen pipeline and an air outlet pipe; the inlet of the gas mixing chamber is simultaneously connected with an oxygen pipeline and a nitrogen pipeline, and the oxygen pipeline and the nitrogen pipeline are respectively provided with a partial pressure valve; an oxygen concentration sensor is arranged at the outlet of the gas mixing chamber and is connected with the inlet of the gas outlet pipe; the outlet of the air outlet pipe penetrates through the base and is connected with the diffuser ring; the outlet pipe is provided with a flowmeter.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a combustible gas conduit; the combustible gas pipeline sequentially penetrates through the base, the diffuser ring and the metal net to penetrate into the transparent combustion cylinder; a pressure dividing valve is arranged on the combustible gas pipeline; the top end of the combustible gas pipeline is provided with an automatic ignition device; the distance between the top end of the combustible gas pipeline and the bottom end of the sample is 1.5-2.5 cm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116893243A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-17 | 泰州市华通消防装备厂有限公司 | Detection device for fireproof performance of fireproof fabric |
| CN117214376A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-12 | 清远市一丞阻燃材料有限公司 | Method for testing flame-retardant effect of phosphorus-containing intumescent flame-retardant particles |
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