CN113049735A - Power cable flame retardant performance field detection method - Google Patents

Power cable flame retardant performance field detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113049735A
CN113049735A CN202110264517.1A CN202110264517A CN113049735A CN 113049735 A CN113049735 A CN 113049735A CN 202110264517 A CN202110264517 A CN 202110264517A CN 113049735 A CN113049735 A CN 113049735A
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China
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combustion
flame
power cable
sheath sample
sheath
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CN202110264517.1A
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张伟
陈杰
李陈莹
胡丽斌
谭笑
曹京荥
刘建军
陶风波
王永强
李鸿泽
柏仓
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110264517.1A priority Critical patent/CN113049735A/en
Publication of CN113049735A publication Critical patent/CN113049735A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/12Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field detection of flame retardant property of a power cable, in particular to a field detection method of the flame retardant property of the power cable; s1, firstly assembling the detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of the power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in a mechanical clamping jaw, and controlling the mechanical clamping jaw to place the sheath sample in a combustion chamber by a swinging mechanical arm; s2, fixing a medical degreasing surface layer below the sheath sample in the combustion chamber through a fixing table; s3, starting the gas supply mechanism, injecting mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen into the combustion chamber, and starting the combustion mechanism; the invention aims to provide a field detection method for the flame retardant performance of a power cable aiming at the defects in the prior art, manual ignition is not needed, the size and the position of flame are adjusted by controlling a flame control unit, the oxygen index and the vertical combustion performance can be simultaneously tested, the combustion performance is directly judged by an oxygen index and vertical combustion criterion module, and the field application is facilitated.

Description

Power cable flame retardant performance field detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of field detection of flame retardant property of power cables, in particular to a field detection method of flame retardant property of a power cable.
Background
In recent years, electrical fire disasters are at the head of the fire causes of buildings in China continuously for many years and are in an ascending trend, and account for about 60 percent of the fire disasters which are serious in all buildings. Therefore, the state puts forward the requirement of adopting the flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free power cable for important public building places. The power cable is an important component of residential projects such as residential districts and important building sites, and in case of fire, personal safety is seriously endangered.
At present, the flame retardant performance of the power cable needs to be tested by burning a plurality of 3.5 meter cable samples, and the flame retardant performance is judged to be qualified. For the installed power cable and the operated power cable, the flame retardant performance of the cable sheath can be tested by further knowing the flame retardant performance of the cable without influencing the operation of the cable. The existing sheath flame retardant property testing device on the market has single function and can only test the oxygen index or vertical combustion. The flame retardant test equipment is too large to be suitable for on-site real-time testing. The test result also needs to be edited manually to complete the test report, which cannot meet the intelligent detection requirement.
In view of the problems, the designer directly adjusts the size and the position of the flame by controlling the flame control unit and directly judges the combustion performance by the oxygen index and vertical combustion criterion module based on the practical experience and professional knowledge which is abundant for years in engineering application of such products and by the application of theory without manual ignition, and the device is convenient and rapid to use, has intuitive detection results and is beneficial to field application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a field detection method for the flame retardant performance of a power cable aiming at the defects in the prior art, which does not need manual ignition, directly adjusts the size and the position of flame by controlling a flame control unit, directly judges the combustion performance by an oxygen index and vertical combustion criterion module, is convenient and quick to use, has visual detection result and is beneficial to field application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly assembling the detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of the power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in a mechanical clamping jaw, and controlling the mechanical clamping jaw to place the sheath sample in a combustion chamber by a swinging mechanical arm;
s2, placing a fixed table in the combustion chamber;
s3, starting a gas supply mechanism, and injecting oxygen and nitrogen into the combustion chamber;
s4, adjusting the air flow of the ignition supply mechanism to control the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism; moving the flame to a position 10mm away from the center of the bottom end of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
s5, recording the combustion time of the sheath sample, and if the sheath sample is ignited for 30S and the flame is removed to enable the sheath sample to continuously burn, recording the combustion time of the sheath sample; if the flame action time exceeds 30S and the sheath is not ignited, returning to S3 to readjust the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations in the combustion chamber and increase the oxygen concentration until ignition is carried out within 30S;
and S6, analyzing oxygen index combustion data of the sheath sample combustion through the detection controller, and repeating the steps.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
v1, selecting an open experimental site, and removing the combustion chamber;
v2, firstly assembling a detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of a power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in the mechanical clamping jaw, and swinging the mechanical arm to control the mechanical clamping jaw to vertically arrange the sheath sample with a horizontal plane; placing the medical degreasing surface layer under the sheath sample;
v3, adjusting the combustion mechanism to generate blue flame with the height of 20 +/-2 mm, and moving the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism to a position 150mm away from the center of the bottom end of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
v4, analyzing vertical combustion data of jacket sample combustion by the detection controller, and repeating the cycle.
Further, the fixing table is arranged at the center of the bottom of the combustion cavity, and a clamp is arranged on the surface of the fixing table to fix the medical degreasing surface layer; the medical degreasing surface layer is arranged right below the sheath sample.
Further, the gas supply mechanism comprises an oxygen cylinder, a nitrogen cylinder and a gas nozzle; the gas cylinder is communicated with the gas nozzle.
Furthermore, a valve structure for controlling air flow is arranged in the air nozzle.
Further, the combustion mechanism includes a fuel tank and a moving flame nozzle.
Further, the step of controlling the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism in S4 includes the following steps:
s41, adjusting the gas flow of the gas supply mechanism to control the flame length to be 16 +/-4 mm, igniting the flame above the sheath sample for 30S, observing whether the sheath sample is ignited, carrying out pre-detection treatment, and detecting and recording through the detection controller;
and S42, after the pre-detection treatment is finished, adjusting the air flow of the gas supply mechanism to control the flame length to be blue flame with the flame length of 20 +/-2 mm.
Furthermore, the combustion cavity is of a vertically separable structure, the upper part of the combustion cavity is made of a heat-resistant glass tube, the diameter of the heat-resistant glass tube is 75-120 mm, and the height of the heat-resistant glass tube is 300-400 mm; the lower part material is the stainless steel, highly is 60~80mm, and the diameter slightly is less than toughened glass part, is between 105mm ~120 mm.
Further, the detection controller comprises an information display and transmission unit, an oxygen index testing unit and a vertical combustion testing unit; the oxygen index testing unit is used for measuring the oxygen index of the sheath sample; the vertical combustion testing unit is used for measuring the vertical combustion performance of the sheath sample, recording the ignition times and the combustion duration, and judging whether the combustion is qualified.
Further, the information display transmission unit comprises a keyboard module, a liquid crystal display module, a 485 interface module and a 4G network module; the keyboard module is used for detecting system parameters and function settings of the device, the liquid crystal display module is used for displaying a test result, and judging whether the tested cable is qualified or not according to an oxygen index and a vertical combustion parameter in the test result; the 485 interface module is used for connecting a computer for data transmission; and the 4G network module is used for sending the test result to the portable intelligent terminal or the cloud server through the 4G network.
Through the technical scheme of the invention, the following technical effects can be realized:
the ignition is not needed manually, the size and the position of the flame are directly adjusted by controlling the flame control unit, and the combustion performance is directly judged by the oxygen index and vertical combustion criterion module. The invention can realize on-site detection of the oxygen index and vertical combustion of the power cable sheath material, effectively improve the detection speed of the flame retardant property of the power cable, is suitable for testing the flame retardant property of the power cable in transport, can realize cloud storage of test data to form a test database, performs tracking property quantity evaluation on a power cable supplier, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and guarantee of the network access quality of the power cable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an oxygen index combustion experimental apparatus of a field detection method for flame retardant property of a power cable in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a vertical combustion experimental apparatus of a field testing method for flame retardant property of a power cable in an embodiment of the invention;
reference numerals: the device comprises a combustion chamber 1, a mechanical arm 2, a mechanical clamping jaw 3, a fixed table 4, a medical degreasing surface layer 5, a gas supply mechanism 6, a combustion mechanism 7 and a detection controller 8.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A field detection method for flame retardant performance of power cable is disclosed, as shown in figures 1 and 2,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly assembling a detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of the power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in a mechanical clamping jaw 3, and controlling the mechanical clamping jaw 3 to place the sheath sample in a combustion chamber 1 by a swing mechanical arm 2;
s2, placing a fixed table 4 in the combustion chamber 1;
s3, starting the gas supply mechanism 6, injecting oxygen and nitrogen gas into the combustion chamber 1, and starting the combustion mechanism 7;
s4, adjusting the gas flow of the combustible gas supply means 7 to control the flame emitted from the combustion means 7; moving the flame to a position 10mm away from the center of the bottom end of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
s5, recording the combustion time of the sheath sample, and recording the combustion time of the sheath sample, wherein if the sheath sample is ignited for 30S, the sheath sample can be continuously combusted after flame is removed, and then recording the combustion time of the sheath sample; if the flame action time exceeds 30S and the sheath is not ignited, returning to S3 to readjust the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations in the combustion chamber 1 and increase the oxygen concentration until ignition is carried out within 30S;
s6, the oxygen index combustion data of jacket sample combustion is analyzed by the detection controller 8, and the cycle is repeated.
Specifically, arm 2 is last to be provided with scalable bracing piece and to fix the mechanical clamping jaw 3 in the telescopic link top. The supporting rod is fixed on the lower half part of the combustion chamber 1, the combustion chamber 1 can be of a glass cover structure, the height of the supporting rod can be adjusted in a telescopic mode, and the telescopic range is 100mm to 400 mm; mechanical clamping jaw 3 can press from both sides the sheath sample perpendicularly, also can hoist the sheath sample, and mechanical clamping jaw 3 can carry out multi-angle rotating simultaneously, and these functional structure are the structure among the prior art. In the oxygen index combustion experiment, the atmosphere in the gas supply means 6, generally a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, is used, and the oxygen atmosphere during the combustion of the sample is controlled by controlling the gas ratio. The combustion mechanism 7 is filled with combustible gas, typically methane, natural gas, etc., and the color and length of the flame are controlled by adjusting the gas flow.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in figures 1 and 2,
v1, selecting an open experimental site, and removing the combustion chamber 1;
v2, firstly assembling a detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of a power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in the mechanical clamping jaw 3, and swinging the mechanical arm 2 to control the mechanical clamping jaw 3 to vertically arrange the sheath sample with a horizontal plane; and the medical degreasing surface layer 5 is arranged under the sheath sample;
v3, adjusting the combustion mechanism 7 to generate blue flame with the height of 20 +/-2 mm, and moving the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism 7 to a position 150mm away from the center of the bottom end of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
v4, the vertical combustion data analysis of jacket specimen combustion is performed by the detection controller 8, and the cycle is repeated.
Specifically, arm 2 can be telescopic rod structure, and steerable articulated mechanical clamping jaw 3 swings for sheath sample and horizontal plane parallel arrangement.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixing table 4 is disposed at the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, and a clamp is disposed on the surface to fix the medical degreasing surface layer 5; the medical degreasing surface layer 5 is arranged right below the sheath sample.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the gas supply mechanism 6 includes a gas cylinder and a gas nozzle; the gas cylinder is communicated with the gas nozzle.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a valve structure for controlling the gas flow is provided in the gas nozzle.
Specifically, the gas in the combustion mechanism is natural gas or methane with the heat capacity close to 37mJ/m3, blue flames with the flame lengths of 16 +/-4 mm and 20 +/-2 mm can be generated, and adaptability is improved.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the combustion mechanism 7 includes a fuel tank and a moving flame nozzle.
As a preferable mode of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the step of controlling the flame emitted from the combustion mechanism 7 in S4 includes the steps of:
s41, adjusting the air flow of the combustion mechanism 7 to control the flame length to be 16 +/-4 mm, igniting the flame above the sheath sample for 30S, observing whether the sheath sample is ignited, carrying out pre-detection treatment, and detecting and recording through the detection controller 8;
and S42, after the pre-detection treatment is finished, adjusting the air flow of the gas supply mechanism 6 to control the flame length to be blue flame with the flame length of 20 +/-2 mm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the combustion chamber 1 has a vertically separable structure, and the upper part is made of heat-resistant glass tube, and has a diameter of 75-120 mm and a height of 300-400 mm; the lower part material is the stainless steel, highly is 60~80mm, and the diameter slightly is less than toughened glass part, is between 105mm ~120 mm.
Specifically, combustion chamber 1 designs to separable structure from top to bottom, and the upper portion material is heat-resisting glass pipe, and the lower part material is the stainless steel, and the on-the-spot installation of being convenient for guarantees the experiment security simultaneously.
As a preference of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the detection controller 8 includes an information display transmission unit, an oxygen index test unit, a vertical burning test unit; the oxygen index testing unit is used for measuring the oxygen index of the sheath sample; the vertical combustion testing unit is used for measuring the vertical combustion performance of the sheath sample, recording the ignition times and the combustion duration, and judging whether the combustion is qualified.
As a preferred example of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the information display transmission unit includes a keyboard module, a liquid crystal display module, a 485 interface module, and a 4G network module; the keyboard module is used for detecting system parameters and function settings of the device, the liquid crystal display module is used for displaying a test result, and judging whether the tested cable is qualified or not according to an oxygen index and a vertical combustion parameter in the test result; the 485 interface module is used for connecting a computer for data transmission; and the 4G network module is used for sending the test result to the portable intelligent terminal or the cloud server through the 4G network.
Specifically, the test result is fed back to the tester through the liquid crystal display module in the information display transmission unit, and the tester judges whether the cable is qualified or not and selectively uploads the test result to the portable intelligent terminal or the cloud server, so that the intelligent degree is improved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The field detection method for the flame retardant property of the power cable is characterized by comprising an oxygen index combustion test and a vertical combustion test, wherein the oxygen index combustion test comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly assembling a detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of the power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in a mechanical clamping jaw (3), and controlling the mechanical clamping jaw (3) to place the sheath sample in a combustion chamber (1) by a swinging mechanical arm (2);
s2, placing a fixed table (4) in the combustion chamber (1);
s3, starting a gas supply mechanism (6), injecting mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen into the combustion chamber (1), and starting a combustion mechanism (7);
s4, adjusting the air flow of the combustion mechanism (7) to control the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism (7); moving the flame to a position 10mm away from the center of the bottom end of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
s5, recording the combustion time of the sheath sample, and if the sheath sample is ignited for 30S and the flame is removed to enable the sheath sample to continuously burn, recording the combustion time of the sheath sample; if the flame action time exceeds 30S and the sheath is not ignited, returning to S3 to readjust the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations in the combustion chamber (1) and increase the oxygen concentration until ignition is carried out within 30S;
s6, the oxygen index combustion data of the sheath sample combustion is analyzed by the detection controller (8), and the cycle is repeated.
2. The field test method for the flame retardant performance of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the vertical burning test comprises the following steps:
v1, selecting an open experimental site, and removing the combustion chamber (1);
v2, firstly assembling a detection device by a tester, taking off a sheath sample of a power cable on site, placing the sheath sample in the mechanical clamping jaw (3), and swinging the mechanical arm (2) to control the mechanical clamping jaw (3) to vertically arrange the sheath sample with a horizontal plane; a medical degreasing surface layer (5) is arranged under the sheath sample;
v3, adjusting the combustion mechanism (7) to generate blue flame with the height of 20 +/-2 mm, and moving the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism (7) to a position 150mm away from the bottom center of the sheath sample to ignite the sheath sample;
v4, the detection controller (8) analyzes vertical combustion data of sheath sample combustion, and the cycle is repeated.
3. The field detection method for the flame retardant property of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the fixing table (4) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber (1), and a clamp is arranged on the surface of the fixing table to fix the medical degreasing surface layer (5); the medical degreasing surface layer (5) is arranged right below the sheath sample.
4. The field detection method for the flame retardant performance of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply mechanism (6) comprises a gas cylinder and a gas nozzle; the gas cylinder is communicated with the gas nozzle.
5. The field detection method for the flame retardant property of the power cable according to claim 3, wherein a gas flow controller for controlling gas flow and a paramagnetic oxygen concentration sensor are arranged in the gas nozzle.
6. The field test method for the flame retardant property of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the combustion mechanism (7) comprises a fuel tank and a mobile flame nozzle.
7. The field test method for the flame retardant performance of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the flame emitted by the combustion mechanism (7) in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s41, adjusting the gas flow of the combustible gas of the combustion gas supply mechanism (7) to control the flame length to be 16 +/-4 mm, igniting the flame above the sheath sample for 30S, observing whether the sheath sample is ignited, carrying out pre-detection treatment, and detecting and recording through the detection controller (8);
and S42, after the pre-detection treatment is finished, adjusting the gas flow of the combustible gas supply mechanism (7) to control the flame length to be blue flame with the flame length of 20 +/-2 mm.
8. The field detection method for the flame retardant property of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (1) is of a separable structure from top to bottom, the upper part of the combustion chamber is made of a heat-resistant glass tube, the diameter of the combustion chamber is 75-120 mm, and the height of the combustion chamber is 300-400 mm; the lower part material is the stainless steel, highly is 60~80mm, and the diameter slightly is less than toughened glass part, is between 105mm ~120 mm.
9. The field detection method for the flame retardant performance of the power cable according to claim 1, wherein the detection controller (8) comprises an information display transmission unit, an oxygen index testing unit and a vertical combustion testing unit; the oxygen index testing unit is used for measuring the oxygen index of the sheath sample; the vertical combustion testing unit is used for measuring the vertical combustion performance of the sheath sample, recording the ignition times and the combustion duration, and automatically judging whether the combustion is qualified or not.
10. The field detection method for the flame retardant performance of the power cable according to claim 9, wherein the information display transmission unit comprises a keyboard module, a liquid crystal display module, a 485 interface module, and a 4G network module; the keyboard module is used for detecting system parameters and function settings of the device, the liquid crystal display module is used for displaying a test result, and judging whether the tested cable is qualified or not according to an oxygen index and a vertical combustion parameter in the test result; the 485 interface module is used for connecting a computer for data transmission; and the 4G network module is used for sending the test result to the portable intelligent terminal or the cloud server through the 4G network.
CN202110264517.1A 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Power cable flame retardant performance field detection method Pending CN113049735A (en)

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CN113791171A (en) * 2021-10-15 2021-12-14 湖南美莱珀科技发展有限公司 Flame retardant material flame retardant property detection device
CN114324734A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-04-12 上海力道新材料科技股份有限公司 Method and device for representing combustion performance of material
CN114858966A (en) * 2022-07-01 2022-08-05 常熟市军友塑料制品有限公司 Oxygen index tester for flame-retardant carbon fiber cotton
CN115951009A (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-04-11 江苏省电力试验研究院有限公司 Electric arc fire source power cable flame retardant performance field test device and method
CN116818980A (en) * 2023-08-29 2023-09-29 佛山市劲能电力工程有限公司 Power cable performance detection device and detection method thereof
CN117706428A (en) * 2023-12-28 2024-03-15 广东新亚光电缆股份有限公司 Waterproof flame-retardant detection system of aluminum alloy core power cable

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Application publication date: 20210629