CN114323910B - Manufacturing and creep shear test method for mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample - Google Patents
Manufacturing and creep shear test method for mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing and creep shear test method of a mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample, aiming at the problem of dehydration hardening of an interlayer under the conventional condition in the mud-containing interlayer creep shear test, the method adopted by the invention has the advantages that: sealing the sample by adopting antirust grease and waterproof materials, and ensuring that the water content of the mud layer is kept stable in the long-term creep process; in the creep shearing process of the sample with the mud interlayer, the total height of the sample (the thickness change of the mud interlayer is calculated) needs to be accurately measured, and if a large amount of the mud interlayer is extruded due to excessively high normal loading, a design test needs to be modified; in addition, the test is re-weighed after the test to verify the water loss of the test specimen, and if the water loss rate is higher than a set index, the test is also re-conducted. The method ensures the scientificity and standardization of the joint creep shear test process of the mud-containing interlayer rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock mechanics, and relates to a manufacturing and creep shear test method of a mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample.
Technical Field
In practical engineering, engineering rock mass with a weak interlayer is extremely easy to generate disasters such as landslide and the like under the conditions of groundwater, rainfall and the like, so that the creep shear characteristics of the muddy weak interlayer in water environment are very necessary to be studied. However, the existing test method is usually considered alone when researching the water content of the weak interlayer, and does not consider the water loss problem under the long-term test condition, so that the interaction and relative movement process of the argillaceous interlayer and the harder stratum under stress cannot be truly reflected. Therefore, on the one hand, the weak interlayer in the middle of the structural surface needs to consider different water contents, and on the other hand, the problem of water content maintenance under the long-term creep action is needed.
For rock or mud layers selected from the field, the long-term water-retaining measures are mainly wax sealing. The wax sealing method is to put the whole test piece into melted wax oil, and the test piece is tightly wrapped by a layer of wax film generated after solidification. The method has good water retention effect on the complete rock sample, but can generate lateral shear deformation for creep shear test, and the damage of a wax layer and the failure of the water retention effect can be caused, so the wax sealing method is not suitable for the preservation of the water content state in the creep shear test process under the condition of fixed water content.
In the production of test pieces containing a weak interlayer, in addition to the requirement of maintaining its moisture state, it is necessary to control the thickness of the interlayer in the weak interlayer, i.e., not to run off too much muddy matter from the edges of the structural face test pieces during shear slippage, which results in difficult quantification of test results. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the water-retaining test piece with the weak interlayer, the conventional wax sealing method is not suitable, so that the water-retaining requirement of the test piece is ensured, and the mud quality of the weak interlayer is kept and the loss condition of the test piece is quantified.
Based on the requirement that the water content of a test piece is kept unchanged in the existing rock mechanical test, particularly in a creep shear test, the invention provides a simple water retention method of the test piece with the weak argillaceous sandwich structure surface, provides a new thought for the research of the existing rock mechanical test, and finally serves engineering practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method capable of accurately controlling the thickness of a mud-containing weak interlayer and reasonably keeping a test piece from water loss in the creep shear test process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
step one: and measuring the components of the collected fault mud sample, and comparing the dried components with the mass before drying to calculate the water content eta. Calibrating the thickness of the mud layer under the test target load, wherein the calibrating method comprises the steps of measuring the height of a test piece with joints, and determining the height as h 0 Firstly, covering a mud layer on a structural surface, taking the condition that the mud layer can be fully extruded after a test block is clamped as a standard, then adopting normal force of load required by test to perform preloading, and measuring the height h of the test block after the preloading 1 Calculate h 1 -h 0 The difference of (c) is recorded as h 2 Will h 2 As a standard layer thickness under this load condition, the layer thickness in the design test under this load condition should not be higher than h 2 ；
Step two: weighing the prepared joint sample, wherein the mass of the joint sample is defined as m 0 The joint test piece is subjected to high height in a tight buckling stateMeasuring the height, wherein the height is defined as h 3 ；
Step three: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the standard component, and measuring the height of the mud-containing layer sample, wherein the height is h 4 Mass is m 1 Calculating the thickness h of the weak interlayer of the test piece 5 ,h 5 ＝h 4 -h 3 ；
Step four: the mud-containing sample is wrapped by a waterproof material capable of covering the joint thickness, and in order to manufacture the sample with the required weak interlayer thickness, the following formula is adopted for calculation:
required thickness h of the weak interlayer 2' According to the calibration method of the first step, determining h 2' ＝h 5 -h 6 Here h 6 Refers to the difference between the existing thickness and the thickness required for the test;
calculating the differential thickness h according to the formula 6 Then the loading rate is set to be fixed displacement loading, h can be set 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 Controlling the thickness of the weak interlayer of the test piece after the prestress loading by controlling the time, or adopting a target displacement value setting mode to compress the sample of the interlayer containing mud to a fixed thickness, and then cleaning the muddy interlayer extruded around the test piece;
step five: the mass of the preloaded test piece is measured and recorded as m 2 Can determine the mass m of mud required by the thickness of the required weak interlayer 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The quality can be used as a reference for controlling the thickness of the mud layer, and the height measurement of the test piece can determine whether the thickness of the weak interlayer after the prestressing is manufactured reaches the required h 2' If the thickness of the interlayer does not meet the preset requirement, repeating the first step to the fourth step;
step six: sealing joints of the test piece containing the weak interlayer with antirust grease to ensure that no gap can penetrate into air, wrapping the area coated with the antirust grease with waterproof material to serve as a second waterproof layer, and performing a designed creep shear test on the treated test piece to ensure that the water content of the test piece is consistent with that of engineering site sampling;
step seven: in the testAfter the test piece is finished, the test piece is weighed, and the mass is recorded as m 4 Calculating the water loss rate of the sample according to a calculation formula of the water loss rate eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 X 100%, if the water loss rate is higher than a certain threshold, the test is carried out again, and the height h is measured after the test is finished 7 If extrusion rate isAbove a certain threshold, the test setting is considered to be adjusted or the control of the test process is not strict, and a retest is needed; if a certain set threshold is reached, the test is considered valid.
The wax sealing method is generally adopted to preserve the influence of large deformation caused by shear displacement in the creep shear test process, the accurate thickness requirement of the interlayer in the test block cannot be accurately controlled by the existing test method, the oil seal and the waterproof material are adopted to seal together, the two problems can be solved simultaneously by adopting the prestress loading to control the thickness of the weak interlayer, and the research on the deformation characteristic of the creep shear test of the interlayer containing mud is more facilitated on the basis of the existing creep shear test method. In addition, the method can realize standardized control of the test process by quantifying the thickness and the quality of the mud-containing interlayer, is stable and feasible, and is convenient for researchers to carry out extensive comparison and research on test data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of creep shear test data for the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plot of the mud layer thickness calibration of the present invention at a target load.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Step 1: collecting a fault mud sample, weighing a part of fault mud sample, putting the fault mud sample into a drying box after weighing, drying for 24 hours, weighing, obtaining the water content of the fault mud sample according to the obtained difference, drying a part of sample at 105 ℃ after the water content in the sample is 16%, performing XRD test after drying, measuring the difference value of the sample according to the test result, namely that the clay mineral content and the water content are large, water retention measures are required for the mud-containing interlayer, calibrating the mud layer thickness corresponding to the load required by the test, measuring the height of the test piece with the joint, namely that the height is 100.5mm, covering the mud layer on the structural surface at first, extruding the mud layer into a standard after clamping the test piece, loading by adopting a load normal force required by the test, selecting 20KN-100KN, preloading the test piece in a variable angle shearing mode, measuring the height of the test piece after loading, calculating the difference value of the sample to be 2.3mm, and taking the mud layer thickness smaller than 2.3mm as the standard mud layer thickness under the pressure load level, and then adopting the weak layer thickness not to be greater than 2.3mm in the test layer thickness of the test layer:
step 2: measuring the height of a section standard part (100 mm multiplied by 100 mm) containing a structural surface to be manufactured, weighing the mass of the section standard part, wherein the height of a test piece is 99.55mm, and the mass of the test piece is 2342g;
mineral X-ray diffraction full rock analysis report
Step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the standard component, and measuring the height of the mud-containing layer sample, wherein the height is 101.41mm, and the mass m 1 Thickness h of weak interlayer =2378g 5 ＝101.41mm-99.55mm＝1.86mm；
Step 4: in order to produce a sample of the desired thickness of the weak interlayer, the desired thickness is determined according to step one, h 2' Is set to 1mm, h 6 The following formula is needed for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2' The displacement h for controlling the flattening can be obtained by setting the displacement loading rate to 1mm/min after the displacement loading rate is 1.86mm-1 mm=0.86 mm 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 ,t 0 The thickness of the weak interlayer of the test piece after the prestress loading is controlled by controlling the time, namely, the test piece is taken down after being loaded on a single-shaft press for 52 seconds, and then the mud layer extruded around the test piece is cleaned;
step 5: the mass of the preloaded test piece is measured and recorded as m 2 The measurement can determine the thickness of the required weak interlayer by using 2356gMass m of mud 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The height measurement of the test piece can determine that the thickness of the pre-stressed weak interlayer reaches the required h after the pre-stress is manufactured 2' The next test can be performed;
step 6: the method is characterized in that rust-proof grease which can be used for rust prevention and waterproofing agents and is in a state between solid and liquid at normal temperature is recommended to be used for oil sealing of a weak interlayer, vaseline is adopted for oil sealing, all gaps of the weak interlayer are smeared, air penetration of the gaps is guaranteed, a preservative film with water vapor transmittance meeting national standard GB 10377-88 is adopted to wrap the smeared vaseline part, the coated vaseline part is used as a second waterproof material, the number of wrapping layers is recommended to be 3-6, the wrapping is not suitable for being too thick, so that shearing force is affected in a shearing test process, the number of wrapping layers is too small, the water retention effect is poor, the wrapping part is recommended to be larger than the thickness of a mud-containing interlayer, and the wrapped part is not larger than 30% of the height of the test piece, so that creep shear test can be performed on the test piece after the treatment, so that the water content of samples in an engineering site is unchanged, and the specific weak interlayer thickness is achieved;
step seven: the creep shear test is carried out on the test piece after the treatment, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading can be carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m of the test piece is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 The water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5 percent as qualified standards by calculating the water loss rate by 100 percent, if the water loss rate is more than 5 percent, the re-test is needed, the coating amount of the rust-proof grease and the layer number of the waterproof material coating can be properly increased, the water loss rate of the test piece is about 3 percent, the water loss rate meets the standards, and the extrusion rate eta d Calculated to be within 1 percent, meets the standard.
Example 2
Step 1: collecting a fault mud sample, weighing a part of fault mud sample, putting the fault mud sample into a drying box after weighing, drying for 24 hours, weighing again, obtaining the water content of the fault mud sample according to the obtained difference, drying a part of sample at 105 degrees after the water content in the sample is 16%, performing XRD test after drying, considering that water retention measures are required for the mud-containing interlayer according to test results, calibrating the thickness of the mud layer corresponding to the load required by the test, measuring the height of the test piece with the joint to be 100.5mm, covering the mud layer on the structural surface firstly, extruding the mud layer into a standard after clamping the test piece, adopting the normal load force required by the test, selecting 20KN-100KN to preload the test piece in a variable angle shearing mode, measuring the height of 102.8mm after loading, calculating the difference to be 2.3mm, and recording the thickness of the mud layer which is less than 2.3mm as the standard thickness of the mud layer under the pressure level, wherein the weak interlayer thickness adopting the test in the test is not greater than 2.3 mm.
Step 2: the method comprises the steps of measuring the height of a section standard part (100 mm multiplied by 100 mm) containing a structural surface to be manufactured, weighing the mass of the section standard part, wherein the height of a test piece is 95.77mm, and the mass of the test piece is 2327g;
step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the standard component, measuring the height of the mud-containing layer sample, wherein the height is 98.16mm, the mass is 2385g, and the thickness h of a weak interlayer is equal to 5 ,h 5 ＝98.16mm-95.77mm＝2.39mm；
Step 4: in order to produce a sample of the desired thickness of the weak interlayer, the desired thickness is determined according to step one, h 2' Is set to 1mm, h 6 The following formula is needed for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2' The displacement h for controlling the flattening can be obtained by setting the displacement loading rate to be 1mm/min after the displacement loading rate is set to be 2.39mm-1 mm=1.39 mm 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 ,t 0 The thickness of the weak interlayer of the test piece after the prestress loading is controlled by controlling the time, namely, the test piece is taken down after being loaded on a single-shaft press for 83 seconds, and then the mud layer extruded around the test piece is cleaned;
step 5: the mass of the preloaded test piece is measured and recorded as m 2 =2337 g, and the mass m of the mud required for the required thickness of the weak interlayer can be determined by measurement 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The measurement of the height of the test piece can determine the thickness of the weak interlayer after the prestressing of the test piece is manufactured to reach the value of 2337g-2327 g=10gTo the required h 2' The next test can be performed;
step 6: taking out a test piece, carrying out oil sealing on a weak interlayer by adopting rust-proof grease which can be used for rust prevention and waterproofing agents and is in a state between solid and liquid at normal temperature, carrying out oil sealing by adopting Vaseline, smearing all gaps of the weak interlayer, ensuring that no gaps can penetrate into air, wrapping a smeared Vaseline part by adopting a preservative film with water vapor transmittance conforming to national standard GB 10377-88 as a second waterproof material, wherein the wrapping layer number of wrapping treatment is preferably 3-6, the wrapping layer number is not preferably too thick, so that a test result is influenced in a shearing test process, the water retention effect is poor due to the fact that the wrapping layer number is too small, the wrapping layer number is preferably more than 5, the wrapping part is preferably more than the thickness of a mud-containing interlayer, and is not more than 30% of the self height of the test piece, and the treated test piece can be subjected to creep shearing test, so that the water content of samples in an engineering site is unchanged, and the test piece has a specific weak interlayer thickness;
step 7: the creep shear test is carried out on the test piece after the treatment, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading can be carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m of the test piece is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 The water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5 percent as qualified standards by calculating the water loss rate by 100 percent, if the water loss rate is more than 5 percent, the test is needed to be carried out again, the coating amount of the rust-proof grease and the layer number of the waterproof material coating can be properly increased, the water loss rate of the test piece is about 2 percent, the water loss rate meets the standards, and the extrusion rate eta d Calculated to be within 1%, meets the standard:
example 3
Step 1: collecting a fault mud sample, weighing a part of fault mud sample, putting the fault mud sample into a drying box after weighing, drying for 24 hours, weighing again, obtaining the water content of the fault mud sample according to the obtained difference, drying a part of sample at 105 degrees after the water content in the sample is 16%, performing XRD test after drying, considering that water retention measures are required for the mud-containing interlayer according to test results, calibrating the thickness of the mud layer corresponding to the load required by the test, measuring the height of the test piece with the joint to be 100.5mm, covering the mud layer on the structural surface firstly, extruding the mud layer into a standard after clamping the test piece, adopting the normal load force required by the test, selecting 20KN-100KN to preload the test piece in a variable angle shearing mode, measuring the height of 102.8mm after loading, calculating the difference to be 2.3mm, and recording the thickness of the mud layer which is less than 2.3mm as the standard thickness of the mud layer under the pressure level, wherein the weak interlayer thickness adopting the test in the test is not greater than 2.3 mm.
Step 2: the height measurement is carried out on a section standard part (100 mm multiplied by 100 mm) containing a structural surface to be manufactured, the mass of the section standard part is weighed, the height of a test piece is 100.83mm, and the mass of the test piece is 2376g;
step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the standard component, and measuring the height of the mud-containing layer sample, wherein the height is 102.85mm, the mass is 2394g, and the thickness h of a weak interlayer is equal to that of the mud-containing layer sample 5 ,h 5 ＝102.85mm-100.83mm＝2.02mm；
Step 4: taking out the test piece, wrapping the weak interlayer by using a 2cm preservative film, and determining the required thickness according to the first step, and h for manufacturing the test piece with the required thickness of the weak interlayer 2' Is set to 2mm, h 6 The following formula is needed for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2' =2.02 mm-2 mm=0.02 mm, where no pre-load control is required since the pre-set mud-containing interlayer thickness is 2mm and the required thickness and error is 2%, within five percent:
step 5: the mass of the preloaded test piece is measured and recorded as m 2 2393g, the mass m of the mud required for the required thickness of the weak interlayer can be determined by measuring 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The height measurement of the test piece can determine that the thickness of the pre-stressed weak interlayer reaches the required h after the pre-stress is manufactured 2' The next test can be performed;
step 6: taking out a test piece, carrying out oil sealing on a weak interlayer by adopting rust-proof grease which can be used for rust prevention and waterproofing agents and is in a state between solid and liquid at normal temperature, carrying out oil sealing by adopting Vaseline, smearing all gaps of the weak interlayer, ensuring that no gaps can penetrate into air, wrapping a smeared Vaseline part by adopting a preservative film with water vapor transmittance conforming to national standard GB 10377-88 as a second waterproof material, wherein the wrapping layer number of wrapping treatment is preferably 3-6, the wrapping layer number is not preferably too thick, so that a test result is influenced in a shearing test process, the water retention effect is poor due to the fact that the wrapping layer number is too small, the wrapping layer number is preferably more than 5, the wrapping part is preferably more than the thickness of a mud-containing interlayer, and is not more than 30% of the self height of the test piece, and the treated test piece can be subjected to creep shearing test, so that the water content of samples in an engineering site is unchanged, and the test piece has a specific weak interlayer thickness;
step 7: the creep shear test is carried out on the test piece after the treatment, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading can be carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m of the test piece is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 The water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5 percent as qualified standards by calculating the water loss rate by 100 percent, if the water loss rate is more than 5 percent, the test is needed to be carried out again, the coating amount of the rust-proof grease and the layer number of the waterproof material coating can be properly increased, the water loss rate of the test piece is about 4 percent, the water loss rate meets the standards, and the extrusion rate eta d Calculated to be within 1 percent, meets the standard.
Claims (7)
1. The manufacturing and creep shear test method of the mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: measuring the components of the collected fault mud sample, and comparing the dried components with the mass before drying to calculate the water content eta; calibrating the thickness of the mud-containing interlayer under the test target load, wherein the calibration method comprises the steps of measuring the height of the joint sample, and determining the height as h 0 Firstly, covering a mud layer on a structural surface, taking the condition that the mud layer can be fully extruded after a sample is clamped as a standard, then adopting normal force of load required by test to perform preloading, and measuring the height h of the sample after the preloading 1 Calculate h 1 -h 0 Is the difference of (2)Is marked as h 2 Will h 2 As the standard mud-containing interlayer thickness under this load condition, the experimental weak interlayer thickness h is designed under this load condition 2 ' not higher than h 2 ；
Step two: weighing the prepared joint sample, wherein the mass of the joint sample is defined as m 0 The joint sample is subjected to height measurement in a tightly buckled state, and the height is defined as h 3 ；
Step three: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the joint sample, and then measuring the height of the mud-containing interlayer sample, wherein the height is h 4 Mass is m 1 The thickness h of the weak interlayer of the sample is calculated 5 ，h 5 ＝h 4 -h 3 ；
Step four: the mud-containing interlayer sample is wrapped by a waterproof material capable of covering the joint thickness, and in order to manufacture the sample with the required weak interlayer thickness, the following formula is adopted for calculation:
required thickness h of the weak interlayer 2 ' determination according to the calibration method of step one, h 2 ’＝h 5 -h 6 Here h 6 Refers to the difference between the existing thickness and the thickness required for the test; calculating the differential thickness h according to the formula 6 Then the loading rate is set to be a fixed displacement loading, h 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 Controlling the thickness of the sample weak interlayer after the prestress loading by controlling the time, or adopting a target displacement value setting mode to compress the sample of the mud-containing interlayer to a fixed thickness, and then cleaning the mud interlayer extruded around the sample;
step five: the mass of the preloaded sample is measured and recorded as m 2 Determining the mass m of mud required by the thickness of the required weak interlayer 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The quality is used as a reference for controlling the thickness of the mud-containing interlayer, and the height of the sample is measured to determine whether the thickness of the weak interlayer after the prestressing is made reaches the required h 2 If the thickness of the weak interlayer does not meet the preset requirement, repeating the first step to the fourth step;
step six: sealing the joint of the sample containing the weak interlayer with antirust grease to ensure that no gap penetrates into the air, wrapping the region coated with the antirust grease by using a waterproof material as a second waterproof layer, and performing a designed creep shear test on the treated sample to ensure that the water content of the sample is consistent with that of engineering site sampling;
step seven: after the test is finished, the sample is weighed, and the mass is recorded as m 4 Calculating the water loss rate of the sample according to a calculation formula of the water loss rate eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 X 100%, when the water loss is higher than 5%, the test is required to be carried out again, and the height h is measured after the test is finished 7 When extrusion rate isAbove 5%, the test settings are considered to be adjusted or the control of the test process is not strict, and a retest is required; if it is within 5%, the test is considered to be effective.
2. The method for manufacturing a mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample and a creep shear test method thereof according to claim 1, wherein a waterproof film is used for wrapping the weak interlayer in the fourth step.
3. The method for manufacturing and testing creep-shear test of a mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample according to claim 1 or 2, further characterized in that in the fourth step, the thickness of the weak interlayer is controlled by adopting a displacement loading mode.
4. The method for preparing a mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample and performing creep shear test thereof according to claim 3, wherein the section of the sample of the fault mud obtained in the first step is dried, and the water retention measure is judged according to the XRD test result.
5. The method for manufacturing the mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample and the creep shear test method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps,
step 1: collecting a fault mud sample, weighing a part of fault mud sample, putting the weighed fault mud sample into a drying box, drying for 24 hours, weighing again, obtaining the moisture content of the fault mud sample according to the obtained difference value, wherein the moisture content in the example is 16%, drying a part of fault mud sample at 105 ℃, and performing XRD test after drying:
according to the content and the water content of clay minerals, performing water retention measures on the clay-containing interlayer, calibrating the thickness of the clay-containing interlayer corresponding to the load required by the test, and measuring the height of the joint sample, wherein the height is h 0 The method comprises the steps of (1) covering a mud layer on a structural surface, extruding the mud layer into a standard after clamping a sample, loading by adopting a normal force of a load required by a test, selecting 20KN-100KN to preload the sample by adopting a variable angle shearing mode, and measuring the height h of the loaded sample 1 The difference was calculated as h=102.8mm 2 The mud-containing interlayer thickness of less than 2.3mm was taken as the standard mud-containing interlayer thickness at this pressure load level, after which the weak interlayer thickness employed in the test should not be greater than 2.3mm;
step 2: measuring the height of the joint sample to be manufactured, weighing the mass of the joint sample, wherein the height of the sample is h 3 =99.55mm, mass of which is 2342g;
step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the joint sample, and then measuring the height of the mud-containing interlayer sample, wherein the height is h 4 = 101.41mm, mass m 1 =2378g, weak interlayer thickness h 5 ＝h 4 -h 3 ＝101.41mm-99.55mm＝1.86mm；
Step 4: in order to produce a sample of the desired thickness of the weak interlayer, the desired thickness is determined according to step 1, h 2 ' set to 1mm, h 6 The following formula was used for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2 'displacement loading rate was set to 1mm/min, after which the amount of displacement h to flatten was controlled, by setting' 1.86mm-1mm = 0.86mm 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 ，t 0 ＝0.86mm/1mm/min＝0.86min，The thickness of the sample weak interlayer after the prestress loading is controlled by controlling the time, namely the sample weak interlayer is taken down after being loaded on a single-shaft press for 52 seconds, and then the mud layer extruded around the sample is cleaned;
step 5: the mass of the preloaded sample is measured and recorded as m 2 The mass of mud required for measurement to determine the required weak interlayer thickness m=2356 g 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 The measurement of the height of the sample determines that the thickness of the weak interlayer after the prestressing is manufactured reaches the required h 2 ' performing the next experiment;
step 6: the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out oil sealing on a sample weak interlayer by using antirust grease which is used for rust prevention and water prevention and is between solid and liquid at normal temperature, wherein the antirust grease is vaseline, coating all gaps of the weak interlayer, ensuring that no gaps penetrate into air, wrapping a coated vaseline part by using a preservative film with water vapor transmittance conforming to national standard GB 1037-88 as a second layer of waterproof material, wherein the wrapping number of wrapping layers is 3-6, the wrapping part exceeds the thickness of a mud-containing interlayer and is not more than 30% of the height of the sample, and carrying out creep shear test on the treated sample so as to ensure that the water content of the sample sampled on an engineering site is unchanged and the thickness of the weak interlayer;
step 7: the creep shear test is carried out on the treated sample, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading is carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 The water loss rate and the extrusion rate of the anti-rust coating material are calculated by 100 percent, the water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5 percent and are qualified, and the coating amount of the anti-rust coating material and the number of layers of the waterproof material are increased to meet the standard when the water loss rate and the extrusion rate are more than the qualified standard.
6. The method for manufacturing the mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample and the creep shear test method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps,
step 1: collecting fault mudThe sample, weigh some fault mud sample, put into oven dry box after weighing, dry for 24 hours, weigh again, obtain the fault mud sample moisture content according to the difference that obtains, moisture content in the example is 16%, then dry some fault mud sample under 105 degrees, dry and then carry out XRD test, according to the test result think this and contain the mud intermediate layer and carry out the water retention measure, and carry out the demarcation to the mud intermediate layer thickness that the load that the test needs corresponds, measure the height of joint sample, the height is h 0 The method comprises the steps of (1) covering a mud layer on a structural surface to ensure that the mud layer can be extruded to be standard after a sample is clamped, then adopting a normal force of a load required by a test, selecting 20KN-100KN to preload the sample in a variable angle shearing mode, and measuring the height h after loading 1 The difference was calculated as h=102.8mm 2 The mud-laden interlayer thickness of less than 2.3mm was taken as the standard mud-laden interlayer thickness at this pressure load rating, after which the weak interlayer thickness employed in the test should not be greater than 2.3mm:
step 2: measuring the height of the joint sample to be manufactured, weighing the mass of the joint sample, wherein the height of the sample is h 3 =95.77 mm, its mass is 2327g;
step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the joint sample, and then measuring the height of the mud-containing interlayer sample, wherein the height is h 4 98.16mm, mass 2385g, weak interlayer thickness h 5 ＝h 4 -h 3 ＝98.16mm-95.77mm＝2.39mm；
Step 4: in order to produce a sample of the desired thickness of the weak interlayer, the desired thickness is determined according to step 1, h 2 ' set to 1mm, h 6 The following formula is needed for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2 'displacement loading rate was set to 1mm/min, after which the amount of displacement h to flatten was controlled, by setting' 2-39 mm-1mm = 1.39mm 6 Time t of conversion to prestressing force application 0 ，t 0 The thickness of the sample weak interlayer after the prestressing force is loaded is controlled by controlling the time, namely, the sample is taken down after being loaded on a uniaxial press for 83 seconds, and then the sample is taken downCleaning the circumferentially extruded mud layer;
step 5: the mass of the preloaded sample is measured and recorded as m 2 2337g, the mass m of mud required to determine the required weak interlayer thickness is measured 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 =2337 g-2327g=10g, and the height measurement of the sample is used for determining that the thickness of the pre-stressed weak interlayer reaches the required h 2 ' performing the next experiment;
step 6: taking out the sample, carrying out oil sealing on the weak interlayer of the sample by using antirust grease which is used for rust prevention and water prevention and is between solid and liquid at normal temperature, wherein the antirust grease is vaseline, coating all gaps of the weak interlayer, ensuring that no gaps penetrate into air, wrapping the coated vaseline part by using a preservative film as a second layer of waterproof material, wherein the wrapping layer number of 3-6 wrapping parts of wrapping treatment exceeds the thickness of the mud-containing interlayer and is not more than 30% of the height of the sample, and carrying out creep shear test on the treated sample so as to ensure that the water content of the sample in an engineering site is unchanged and the thickness of the weak interlayer;
step 7: the creep shear test is carried out on the treated sample, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading is carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 And (3) calculating the water loss rate by 100%, wherein the water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5% of the standard, and re-testing the water loss rate and the extrusion rate beyond the standard, and increasing the coating amount of the rust-proof grease and the number of layers of the waterproof material to meet the standard.
7. The method for manufacturing the mud-containing interlayer rock joint sample and the creep shear test method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps,
step 1: collecting a fault mud sample, weighing a part of the fault mud sample, putting the weighed fault mud sample into a drying box, drying for 24 hours, weighing again, and obtaining the water content of the fault mud sample according to the obtained differenceThe rate is then carried out on a part of fault mud samples at 105 ℃, XRD test is carried out after the drying, water retention measures are carried out on the mud-containing interlayer according to the test result, the thickness of the mud-containing interlayer corresponding to the load required by the test is calibrated, the height of the joint sample is measured, and the height is h 0 The method comprises the steps of (1) covering a mud layer on a structural surface to ensure that the mud layer can be extruded to be standard after a sample is clamped, then adopting a normal force of a load required by a test, selecting 20KN-100KN to preload the sample in a variable angle shearing mode, and measuring the height h after loading 1 The difference was calculated as h=102.8mm 2 The mud-laden interlayer thickness of less than 2.3mm was taken as the standard mud-laden interlayer thickness at this pressure load rating, after which the weak interlayer thickness employed in the test should not be greater than 2.3mm:
step 2: measuring the height of the joint sample to be manufactured, weighing the mass of the joint sample, wherein the height of the sample is h 3 =100.83 mm, the mass of which is 2376g;
step 3: uniformly covering a fault mud sample on the structural surface of the joint sample, and then measuring the height of the mud-containing interlayer sample, wherein the height is h 4 =102.85 mm, mass 2394g, thickness h of its weak interlayer 5 ＝h 4 -h 3 ＝102.85mm-100.83mm＝2.02mm；
Step 4: taking out the sample, wrapping the weak interlayer with 2cm preservative film, and determining the required thickness according to step 1, h 2 ' set to 2mm, h 6 The following formula is needed for calculation: h is a 6 ＝h 5 -h 2 ' 2.02mm-2mm = 0.02mm, where no pre-load control is required, since the pre-set mud-containing interlayer thickness is 2mm and the required thickness and error is 2%, within five percent:
step 5: the mass of the preloaded sample is measured and recorded as m 2 2393g, the mass m of mud required for determining the required weak interlayer thickness by measurement 3 ＝m 2 -m 0 For the sample height measurement, the weak clamp after the prestressing is determinedH for the layer thickness to meet the requirement 2 ' performing the next experiment;
step 6: taking out the sample, and suggesting to use antirust grease which is used for rust prevention and water prevention and is between solid and liquid at normal temperature for oil sealing on the weak interlayer, wherein the antirust grease is Vaseline, all gaps of the weak interlayer are smeared, no gaps penetrate into air, a preservative film with water vapor transmittance conforming to national standard GB 1037-88 is adopted to wrap the smeared Vaseline part, the wrapped wound part with 3-6 layers is used as a second waterproof material, the wrapped wound part exceeds the thickness of the mud-containing interlayer, and the wrapped wound part is not more than 30% of the height of the sample, and the creep shear test is carried out on the treated sample, so that the water content of the sample sampled on an engineering site is unchanged, and the wrapped part has the thickness of the weak interlayer;
step 7: the creep shear test is carried out on the treated sample, the angle-changing loading mode is adopted, the ratio of the shear stress to the positive stress changes along with the angle change, the graded loading or the single-stage loading is carried out to research the creep shear deformation characteristic, and the mass m is measured again after the test is finished 4 And adopts eta w ＝(m 2 -m 4 )/m 3 And (3) calculating the water loss rate by 100%, wherein the water loss rate and the extrusion rate are both within 5% as qualified standards, and the coating amount of the rust-proof grease and the number of layers of the waterproof material are increased beyond the qualified standards until the water loss rate and the extrusion rate meet the standards.
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