CN114323557B - Coastal precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device and simulation method thereof - Google Patents
Coastal precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device and simulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323557B CN114323557B CN202111640812.9A CN202111640812A CN114323557B CN 114323557 B CN114323557 B CN 114323557B CN 202111640812 A CN202111640812 A CN 202111640812A CN 114323557 B CN114323557 B CN 114323557B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an offshore precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device and a simulation method thereof, wherein the simulation device comprises a water tank, a landslide simulation mechanism, a different gravity flow conveying mechanism, a water supply mechanism, a rainfall mechanism and a detection mechanism; the water tank comprises a first water tank and a second water tank, a detachable partition plate is arranged in the second water tank, the partition plate divides the second water tank into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is communicated with the first water tank, water flow sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first water tank and the bottom of the second water tank, an artificial side slope is arranged in the second cavity, stress and water content sensors are arranged in the artificial side slope, a rainfall mechanism is positioned above the artificial side slope and used for simulating rainfall, and a water supply mechanism is used for supplying water for the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism; the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is used for conveying the sand bodies into the first water tank; the landslide simulation mechanism is used for simulating landslide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of estuary coastal dynamics, in particular to an offshore coastal precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device and a simulation method thereof.
Background
Continuous precipitation induces instability of the side slope, so that landslide is a common disaster of mountain landforms, and trees, buildings, engineering and the like near the mountain slope can be damaged. When landslides occur in mountain bodies near coasts, lakes and other water areas, a series of water area secondary disasters can be caused by the surge caused by the fact that the landslide is flushed into water in addition to the landslide self disasters. Therefore, it is necessary to study the slope instability and landslide development induced by the stormwater area and to clarify a series of physical processes such as water surface swell and different gravity flow movement after the landslide enters water.
The continuous storm in the near water area induces a series of secondary disasters including landslide caused by precipitation, landslide caused by the instability of the side slope, water surging caused by the landslide rushing into the water area, and a series of secondary disasters such as the influence of abnormal heavy current on underwater organisms caused by the landslide entering the water area. In order to realize the comprehensive analysis of the four physical processes, the processes are disassembled, and control variables are selected for each process to analyze, for example, for a landslide induced surge test, different landslide water inflow speeds, water inflow quality and the like are selected as the control variables, and the influence of the landslide water inflow speeds, the water inflow quality and the like on the surge characteristics is researched, rather than directly deducing the surge characteristics through precipitation or initial volume of the landslide.
For the disassembly study of the four physical processes, the existing test method is generally to build different types of test platforms according to the characteristics of each step, and the physical processes of each part are simulated in different devices. There are two problems with such test designs: (1) The method comprises the steps of respectively developing and researching each step in different test platforms, wherein the size effect of each test cannot be ensured; (2) The four physical processes all have crossing points, and a test bed is required to be built independently aiming at each process, so that resources and space are wasted to a certain extent.
In view of the above, it is desirable to build a test apparatus that can achieve a simulation of disassembly of four physical processes and that can use spatial sharing for the overlapping portions of the tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a device for simulating landslide surge induced by offshore precipitation, which can simulate a series of physical processes such as the landslide induced by precipitation, the surging of a water area caused by the landslide, the sliding of different heavy flows formed after the landslide is flushed into the water area, and the like.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a simulation method of the above-mentioned offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an offshore precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device comprises a water tank, a landslide simulation mechanism, a different gravity flow conveying mechanism, a water supply mechanism, a rainfall mechanism and a detection mechanism;
the water tank comprises a first water tank and a second water tank, a detachable partition plate is arranged in the second water tank, the partition plate divides the second water tank into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is communicated with the first water tank, water flow sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first water tank and the bottom of the second water tank, an artificial side slope is arranged in the second cavity, stress and water content sensors are arranged in the artificial side slope, a rainfall mechanism is positioned above the artificial side slope, the rainfall mechanism is used for simulating rainfall, and the water supply mechanism is used for supplying water for the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism;
the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is positioned at one side of the first water tank and is used for conveying sand bodies into the first water tank, and a sand body outlet of the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is positioned in the first water tank;
the landslide simulation mechanism is positioned at one side of the first cavity and used for simulating landslide, and a landslide material outlet of the landslide simulation mechanism is positioned in the first cavity;
the detection mechanism comprises a high-speed camera and a laser emission component, the high-speed camera is used for shooting a first water tank, a second water tank and an artificial slope, the laser emission component is located below the first water tank or the second water tank, and laser emitted by the laser emission component irradiates towards the first water tank or the second water tank after being laterally diffused.
Further, the abnormal heavy flow conveying mechanism comprises a sand storage box, a conveying guide pipe and a buffer plate, an opening is formed in the bottom of the sand storage box, an electric switch is arranged at the opening, one end of the conveying guide pipe is communicated with the opening, the other end of the conveying guide pipe is connected with the buffer plate, the buffer plate is located in a first water tank, and the buffer plate is obliquely arranged towards the first water tank.
Further, a plurality of partition columns are distributed on the buffer plate.
Further, landslide analog device includes support, slope board and control door, the support is located one side of second basin, slope board and leg joint, and slope board slope setting towards the second cavity, and the export of slope board is located first cavity, and the control door is installed in the domatic of slope board, and the control door is used for intercepting the landslide material on the slope board.
Further, rainfall mechanism includes many downcomer, a plurality of shower nozzle and a plurality of control valve, and water supply mechanism and many downcomer are connected, and many downcomer set up side by side, and it has a plurality of shower nozzles and a plurality of control valve to distribute on every downcomer, and the shower nozzle is towards artifical side slope, and a plurality of control valve are located respectively between a plurality of shower nozzles.
Further, the water supply mechanism comprises a plurality of water supply tanks and a connecting pipeline, the water supply tanks are connected with the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism through the connecting pipeline, and the connecting pipeline is provided with a water pump and a flowmeter.
Further, the high-speed camera comprises a first camera, a second camera and a third camera, wherein the first camera is opposite to the first water tank, the second camera is opposite to the first cavity, and the third camera is opposite to the slope surface of the artificial slope.
Further, the laser emission subassembly includes base, laser emitter, reflector, spotlight convex lens and triangle lens, the base is placed in first basin or second basin below, and laser emitter, spotlight convex lens, reflector and triangle lens are all fixed in on the base, and laser emitter, spotlight convex lens and reflector are located same straight line in proper order, and the reflector slope sets up, and triangle lens is located the reflector top, and laser emitter transmitted laser reaches the reflector through spotlight convex lens, and the reflector is with laser reflection to triangle lens, and triangle lens is towards first basin or second basin.
Further, still include drainage mechanism, drainage mechanism includes water storage tank, return water chute and sand setting tank, and return water chute, sand setting tank and water storage tank are seted up respectively in the bottom of second basin, return water chute and sand setting tank all communicate with the second basin, and return water chute is equipped with return water chute apron, and return water chute apron seals return water chute, return water chute and sand setting tank intercommunication, and sand setting tank is equipped with sand setting tank apron, and sand setting tank apron seals sand setting tank, sand setting tank and water storage tank intercommunication, sand setting tank are used for filtering sand.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: according to the simulation method of the offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device, gravel is paved at the bottom of the first water tank and used for simulating sediment at the bottom of a river channel, and water is added into the first water tank and the second water tank through the water supply mechanism;
when the special heavy flow test is carried out, the special heavy flow conveying mechanism conveys the sand body into the first water tank, and records the process of the sand body entering the first water tank through the high-speed camera;
when a slope instability test is carried out, a rainfall mechanism is started to rainfall an artificial slope, the slope instability process is recorded through a plurality of stress and water content sensors in the artificial slope, and landslide caused by slope instability is recorded through a high-speed camera and a laser emission component;
when a landslide induction surge test is carried out, the landslide simulation mechanism simulates that landslide materials fall into the second water tank, and records the process that the landslide materials fall into the second water tank through the high-speed camera.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the off-shore precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device can simulate a series of off-shore heavy current movement and other secondary disasters after off-shore heavy rain, such as landslide caused by precipitation induced slope instability and slope instability, landslide induced surge, landslide water-in, and the like, so that the decomposition simulation of various physical processes in a single water tank is realized, and the method is favorable for refining and analyzing the mechanical mechanism behind each physical process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulator of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulator of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulator of the invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the transfer conduit and buffer plate.
1 is a second water tank, 2 is a first water tank, 3 is a support column, 4 is angle steel, 5 is a slope plate, 6 is a support, 7 is a control door, 8 is a sand storage tank, 9 is a transmission conduit, 10 is an electric switch, 11 is a buffer plate, 12 is a connecting pipeline, 13 is a water pump, 14 is a water storage tank, 15 is a water flow sensor, 16 is a water return pipe, 17 is a water supply pipe, 18 is a water return chute, 19 is a sand settling tank, 20 is a suspension type water tank, 21 is a water storage tank, 22 is a flowmeter, 23 is a sand settling tank cover plate, 24 is a water return chute cover plate, 251 is a first camera, 252 is a second camera, 253 is a third camera, 26 is a partition plate, 28 is an artificial slope, 29 is a stress and water content sensor, 30 is a laser transmitter, 31 is a light-gathering convex lens, 32 is a reflector, 33 is a triangular lens, 34 is a base, 35 is a water settling pipe, 36 is a spray head, 37 is a manual switch valve, and 38 is a partition column.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
The embodiment provides an offshore bank precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device, which comprises a water tank, a landslide simulation mechanism, a different gravity flow conveying mechanism, a water supply mechanism, a rainfall mechanism, a detection mechanism and a drainage mechanism.
The basin includes first basin 2 and second basin 1, and the bottom surface of first basin and second basin is equipped with a plurality of support columns 3, is equipped with detachable division board 26 in the second basin, and the division board divide into first cavity and second cavity with the second basin, and first cavity and first basin intercommunication are equipped with water flow sensor 15 respectively in the bottom of first basin and the bottom of second basin, and the second basin is equipped with delivery port and water pump. The width of the partition plate is 0.8m-1.2m, the height of the partition plate can be freely selected according to requirements, the first water tank and the second water tank are made of toughened glass materials and are reinforced by angle steel 4, the length of the first water tank is 3 m-4 m, the width of the first water tank is 0.4 m-0.8m, the height of the first water tank is 0.6 m-0.8m, the wall thickness of the second water tank is 1 cm-2 cm, the length of the second water tank is 2 m-3 m, the width of the second water tank is 2-3 m, the height of the second water tank is 1 m-1.2m, the wall thickness of the second water tank is 1 cm-2 cm, and an electric valve is arranged between the first water tank and the second water tank and is used for realizing the communication or sealing of the first water tank and the second water tank. In this embodiment, the partition plate has a width of 1.2m, the second water tank has a length of 3m, a width of 3m, a height of 1.2m, and a wall thickness of 1.5cm.
The artificial side slope 28 is positioned in the second cavity, the stress and water content sensor 29 is buried in the artificial side slope, the artificial side slope is formed by stacking transparent sand, the gradient and the slope height of the artificial side slope can be stacked according to the requirements, the gradient is 25-60 degrees, and the slope height is 0.3-0.8 m.
The drainage mechanism comprises a water storage tank 14, a water return chute 18 and a sand settling tank 19, wherein the water return chute, the sand settling tank and the water storage tank are respectively arranged at the bottom of the second water tank, the water return chute and the sand settling tank are communicated with the second water tank, a water return chute cover plate 24 is arranged on the water return chute, the water return chute cover plate seals the water return chute, the water return chute is communicated with the sand settling tank, the sand settling tank is provided with a sand settling tank cover plate 23, the sand settling tank cover plate seals the sand settling tank, the sand settling tank is communicated with the water storage tank, and the sand settling tank is used for filtering sand. The water storage tank is communicated with the first water tank and the second water tank respectively through the water return pipe and the water supply pipe, the water pump is arranged on the water supply pipe, and the water in the water storage tank can be recycled conveniently through the water return pipe 16 and the water supply pipe 17.
The special heavy flow conveying mechanism is located on one side of the first water tank, the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is used for conveying sand bodies into the first water tank, a sand body outlet of the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is located in the first water tank, the special heavy flow conveying mechanism comprises a sand storage box 8, a conveying guide pipe 9 and a buffer plate 11, an opening is formed in the bottom of the sand storage box, an electric switch 10 is arranged at the opening, one end of the conveying guide pipe is communicated with the opening, the other end of the conveying guide pipe is connected with the buffer plate, the buffer plate is located in the first water tank, the buffer plate is obliquely arranged towards the first water tank, the buffer plate and the horizontal plane are inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees, the sand storage box is a stainless steel box, the volume is 10L-20L, the conveying guide pipe is a PVC pipe, the length is 1m-1.5m, a plurality of partition columns 38 are distributed on the buffer plate, and the partition columns enable special heavy flows to be uniformly buffered in the input process. The sand box is filled with sediment with the grain size of 0.1mm-5 mm.
The landslide simulation mechanism comprises a bracket 6, a slope plate 5 and a control door 7, wherein the bracket is positioned at one side of the second water tank, the bracket is a bracket with adjustable height, and the adjustable height is 0.5 m-2 m; the slope plate is connected with the bracket, and is obliquely arranged towards the second cavity, and the angle between the slope plate and the horizontal plane isThe outlet of the slope plate is positioned in the first cavity at an angle of 30-50 degrees, the control door is arranged on the slope surface of the slope plate and used for intercepting landslide materials on the slope plate, and the control door is positioned above the water surface. The landslide material is placed behind the control door, and the control door can be opened rapidly at a speed of 2.5m/s through pneumatic control. The width of the slope board is 0.2 m-0.4 m, the length is 1.5 m-2 m, the slope board is a U-shaped PVC board, in the embodiment, the height of the bracket is 0.8m, the angle between the slope board and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees, the width of the slope board is 0.4m, and the length is 1.6m. Prefabricated landslide material, combined with actual scaling of solid matter in landslide, with prefabricated density of 800kg/m 3 ～5000kg/m 3 Spherical particles with the diameter ranging from 2mm to 10mm, 1 to 3 (3 in this embodiment) transparent glass particles are selected as particles in the simulated landslide, and the particles are mixed with water to simulate the landslide; or prefabricated carbopol with concentration of 1.5% -3.0%.
The rainfall mechanism is located artifical side slope top, and rainfall mechanism includes many downcomer 35, a plurality of shower nozzles 36 and a plurality of control valve 37, and water supply mechanism and many downcomer are connected, and many downcomer set up side by side, and it has a plurality of shower nozzles and a plurality of control valve to distribute on every downcomer, and the shower nozzle is towards artifical side slope, and a plurality of control valve are located respectively between a plurality of shower nozzles. The downcomer is a stainless steel tube with the diameter of 8 cm-10 cm, the distance between two adjacent downcomers is 30 cm-40 cm, the distance between two adjacent spray heads on the downcomer is 40-50cm, and each downcomer is provided with 3-5 control valves, so that rainfall simulation in different ranges and with different rainfall can be realized.
The water supply mechanism supplies water for the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism, the water supply mechanism comprises a plurality of water supply tanks and a connecting pipeline 12, the water supply tanks are connected with the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism through the connecting pipeline, a water pump 13 and a flowmeter 22 are arranged on the connecting pipeline, the water supply tanks comprise two water storage tanks 21 and a hanging type water tank 20, the two water storage tanks are respectively communicated with the first water tank and the second water tank through the connecting pipeline, the hanging type water tank is fixed on a ceiling, the hanging type water tank is communicated with the first water tank through the connecting pipeline, and the hanging type water tank is mainly used for different gravity flow test water supply. The height of the two water storage tanks is 1.2-1.5 m, the length is 0.8-1.2 m, the width is 0.5-0.8 m, the length of the suspension type water tank is 0.3-0.5 m, the width is 0.3-0.5 m, the height is 0.5-0.8 m, the connecting pipeline is a stainless steel pipe, the diameter is 10 cm-15 cm, the model of the water pump is a vertical stainless steel pump, the maximum flow rate is 60L/min-80L/min, the flow rate is an intelligent flowmeter with a built-in lithium battery, and the working pressure is 1.2 MPa-1.6 MPa.
The detection mechanism comprises a high-speed camera and a laser emission component, the high-speed camera is used for shooting a first water tank, a second water tank and an artificial slope, the laser emission component is located below the first water tank and the second water tank, and laser emitted by the laser emission component irradiates towards the first water tank and the second water tank after being laterally diffused.
The high-speed camera comprises a first camera 251, a second camera 252 and a third camera 253, wherein the first camera faces the first water tank, the shooting area is the whole first water tank, the second camera faces the first cavity, the shooting area is the whole second water tank, the third camera faces the slope of the artificial slope, the shooting area is the whole artificial slope, the three high-speed cameras are all connected with the PC through data lines, and the high-speed camera is a color camera with the highest shooting frequency of 400 fps.
The laser emission subassembly includes base 34, laser emitter 30, reflector 32, spotlight convex lens 31 and triangle lens 33, the base is movable base, the base is placed in first basin or second basin below, laser emitter, spotlight convex lens, reflector and triangle lens are all fixed in on the base, laser emitter, spotlight convex lens and reflector are located same straight line in proper order, the reflector slope sets up, the triangle lens is located the reflector top, laser emitted laser emitter reaches the reflector through spotlight convex lens, the reflector reflects laser to the triangle lens, the triangle lens is towards first basin or second basin. In this embodiment, the below of first basin and second basin all is equipped with laser emission subassembly, laser emitter is green laser, power 4KW ~ 10KW, the spotlight convex lens focus is 40mm ~ 60mm for the focus to laser beam, the reflector is used for reflecting laser beam, the triangle lens diffusion angle is 30 ~ 60, be used for the lateral diffusion to laser beam, laser beam can pass spotlight convex lens in proper order after the laser is opened, reflector and triangle lens irradiation basin, the horizontal irradiation range is the shooting region of high-speed camera in the basin, pc machine is used for receiving each sensor data and high-speed camera image.
According to the simulation method of the coastal precipitation induced landslide surge simulation device, the gravel is paved at the bottom of the first water tank and used for simulating sediment at the bottom of a river channel, and water is added into the first water tank and the second water tank through the water supply mechanism.
When the abnormal heavy flow test is carried out, the abnormal heavy flow conveying mechanism conveys the sand body into the first water tank, and the process that the sand body enters the first water tank is recorded through the high-speed camera.
When a slope instability test is carried out, a rainfall mechanism is started to rainfall an artificial slope, the slope instability process is recorded through a plurality of stress and water content sensors in the artificial slope, and landslide caused by slope instability is recorded through a high-speed camera and a laser emission component.
When a landslide induction surge test is carried out, the landslide simulation mechanism simulates that landslide materials fall into the second water tank, and records the process that the landslide materials fall into the second water tank through the high-speed camera.
In this embodiment, at first lay the gravel in the bottom of first basin, gravel is used for simulating the silt of river course bottom, add water in first basin and the second basin through water supply mechanism, when reaching preset water level, open the delivery port and the play water pump of second basin, make the water level keep unchanged in the second basin, when carrying out the abnormal heavy current test, open the electric switch of sand storage box for sand storage box is with fixed sand conveying efficiency, opens first camera and laser emission subassembly, and first camera carries out the quick capture and shoots, and first camera is used for recording sand body impact and goes into the sea. The electric switch is turned off at the end of the test.
When the slope instability test is carried out, the rainfall mechanism is started to rainfall the artificial slope, the artificial slope can form a landslide, collapse and run off under the rainfall condition, the slope instability process is recorded through a plurality of stress and water content sensors in the artificial slope, the magnitude of the precipitation is selected according to the water flow sensor, the second camera, the third camera and the laser emission component are started, the second camera records the landslide to cause surge, the third camera records the slope instability process, and the rainfall mechanism is closed after the test.
When the landslide is used for inducing a surge test, a first group of tests are firstly carried out, 300g of landslide material is placed behind the control door, the control door can be opened rapidly at a speed of 2.5m/s through pneumatic control, and when the landslide material contacts the water surface, the process of the landslide material contacting the water surface is captured rapidly through a second camera. After the test is finished, stopping the water supply of the first water tank and the second water tank, closing the water outlet and the water outlet pump, cleaning the first water tank and the second water tank, removing the partition plate, opening the backwater chute cover plate, enabling sand and water to enter the sand settling tank through the backwater chute, enabling the sand settling tank to filter and intercept the sand, enabling the water to return to the water storage tank for recycling, opening the sand settling tank cover plate after draining water, and taking out the sand body.
When a second group of tests are carried out, gravel is paved at the bottom of the first water tank at first, the gravel is used for simulating sediment at the bottom of a river channel, water is added into the first water tank and the second water tank through a water supply mechanism, when a preset water level is reached, a water outlet and a water outlet pump of the second water tank are opened, the water level in the second water tank is kept unchanged, 400g of landslide materials are placed behind a control door, the control door can be opened rapidly at a speed of 2.5m/s through pneumatic control, and when the landslide materials contact the water surface, the process of the landslide materials contacting the water surface is captured rapidly through a second camera. After the test is finished, stopping the water supply of the first water tank and the second water tank, closing the water outlet and the water outlet pump, cleaning the first water tank and the second water tank, removing the partition plate, opening the backwater chute cover plate, enabling sand and water to enter the sand settling tank through the backwater chute, enabling the sand settling tank to filter and intercept the sand, enabling the water to return to the water storage tank for recycling, opening the sand settling tank cover plate after draining water, and taking out the sand body.
The weights of the landslide materials at the time of the third to ninth groups of tests were 500g, 600g, 700g, 800g, 900g, 1000g, respectively.
The tenth group to the twentieth group keep the weight of the landslide material unchanged by 500g, the sand conveying speed is regulated according to the situation through an electric switch, test records are made, and based on the observed and shot image and video information, the image processing technology is utilized to analyze, so that the variation rule and the characteristics of the landslide material quality on the wave shape of the water surface after the landslide material impacts the water surface are obtained.
As described above, the present invention can be better realized, and the above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The coastal rainfall induced landslide surge simulator is characterized by comprising a water tank, a landslide simulation mechanism, a different gravity flow conveying mechanism, a water supply mechanism, a rainfall mechanism and a detection mechanism;
the water tank comprises a first water tank and a second water tank, a detachable partition plate is arranged in the second water tank, the partition plate divides the second water tank into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is communicated with the first water tank, water flow sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first water tank and the bottom of the second water tank, an artificial side slope is arranged in the second cavity, stress and water content sensors are arranged in the artificial side slope, a rainfall mechanism is positioned above the artificial side slope, the rainfall mechanism is used for simulating rainfall, and the water supply mechanism is used for supplying water for the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism;
the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is positioned at one side of the first water tank and is used for conveying sand bodies into the first water tank, and a sand body outlet of the special heavy flow conveying mechanism is positioned in the first water tank;
the landslide simulation mechanism is positioned at one side of the first cavity and used for simulating landslide, and a landslide material outlet of the landslide simulation mechanism is positioned in the first cavity;
the detection mechanism comprises a high-speed camera and a laser emission component, wherein the high-speed camera is used for shooting a first water tank, a second water tank and an artificial slope, the laser emission component is positioned below the first water tank or the second water tank, and laser emitted by the laser emission component irradiates towards the first water tank or the second water tank after being transversely diffused;
the special gravity flow conveying mechanism comprises a sand storage box, a conveying guide pipe and a buffer plate, wherein an opening is formed in the bottom of the sand storage box, an electric switch is arranged at the opening, one end of the conveying guide pipe is communicated with the opening, the other end of the conveying guide pipe is connected with the buffer plate, the buffer plate is positioned in the first water tank, and the buffer plate is obliquely arranged towards the first water tank;
the landslide simulation mechanism comprises a support, a slope plate and a control door, wherein the support is located on one side of the second water tank, the slope plate is connected with the support, the slope plate is obliquely arranged towards the second cavity, an outlet of the slope plate is located in the first cavity, the control door is mounted on the slope surface of the slope plate, and the control door is used for intercepting landslide materials on the slope plate.
2. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, wherein the buffer plate is provided with a plurality of separation columns.
3. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, wherein the rainfall mechanism comprises a plurality of precipitation pipes, a plurality of spray heads and a plurality of control valves, the water supply mechanism is connected with the plurality of precipitation pipes, the plurality of precipitation pipes are arranged in parallel, each precipitation pipe is distributed with the plurality of spray heads and the plurality of control valves, the spray heads face the artificial side slope, and the plurality of control valves are respectively positioned among the plurality of spray heads.
4. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, wherein the water supply mechanism comprises a plurality of water supply tanks and a connecting pipeline, the plurality of water supply tanks are connected with the first water tank, the second water tank and the rainfall mechanism through the connecting pipeline, and the connecting pipeline is provided with a water pump and a flowmeter.
5. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, wherein the high-speed camera comprises a first camera, a second camera and a third camera, the first camera faces the first water tank, the second camera faces the first cavity, and the third camera faces the slope of the artificial side slope.
6. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, wherein the laser emission assembly comprises a base, a laser emitter, a reflector, a condensing convex lens and a triangular lens, wherein the base is arranged below the first water tank or the second water tank, the laser emitter, the condensing convex lens, the reflector and the triangular lens are all fixed on the base, the laser emitter, the condensing convex lens and the reflector are sequentially positioned on the same straight line, the reflector is obliquely arranged, the triangular lens is positioned above the reflector, laser emitted by the laser emitter reaches the reflector through the condensing convex lens, the reflector reflects the laser to the triangular lens, and the triangular lens faces the first water tank or the second water tank.
7. The offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device of claim 1, further comprising a drainage mechanism, wherein the drainage mechanism comprises a water storage tank, a water return chute and a sand settling tank, the water return chute, the sand settling tank and the water storage tank are respectively arranged at the bottom of the second water tank, the water return chute and the sand settling tank are communicated with the second water tank, the water return chute is provided with a water return chute cover plate, the water return chute cover plate seals the water return chute, the water return chute is communicated with the sand settling tank, the sand settling tank is provided with a sand settling tank cover plate, the sand settling tank cover plate seals the sand settling tank, the sand settling tank is communicated with the water storage tank, and the sand settling tank is used for filtering sand.
8. A simulation method of an offshore precipitation-induced landslide surge simulation device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that gravel is paved at the bottom of a first water tank, the gravel is used for simulating sediment at the bottom of a river channel, and water is added into the first water tank and a second water tank through a water supply mechanism;
when the special heavy flow test is carried out, the special heavy flow conveying mechanism conveys the sand body into the first water tank, and records the process of the sand body entering the first water tank through the high-speed camera;
when a slope instability test is carried out, a rainfall mechanism is started to rainfall an artificial slope, the slope instability process is recorded through a plurality of stress and water content sensors in the artificial slope, and landslide caused by slope instability is recorded through a high-speed camera and a laser emission component;
when a landslide induction surge test is carried out, the landslide simulation mechanism simulates that landslide materials fall into the second water tank, and records the process that the landslide materials fall into the second water tank through the high-speed camera.
Priority Applications (1)
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