CN114323398A - Real-time detection method and device for pre-tightening force of main limb bolt of tower crane tower body - Google Patents
Real-time detection method and device for pre-tightening force of main limb bolt of tower crane tower body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323398A CN114323398A CN202111636630.4A CN202111636630A CN114323398A CN 114323398 A CN114323398 A CN 114323398A CN 202111636630 A CN202111636630 A CN 202111636630A CN 114323398 A CN114323398 A CN 114323398A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time detection method for pre-tightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane tower body, which comprises the steps of determining an original point of a space coordinate by adopting a GNSS mobile station; arranging a safety monitoring device of the tower crane on a tower body of the tower crane; after the tower crane is installed and the foundation bolts are confirmed to be in the fastening state, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to record P after the tower crane rotates for a circle when in no-load0Point coordinates and calculating the horizontal real-time displacement S from the origin coordinates0(ii) a After the tower crane is used, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to monitor P after the tower crane rotates for one circle in real time under the no-load statetPoint coordinates and calculating the horizontal real-time displacement S from the origin coordinatest(ii) a According to the StAnd S0The numerical value of the pre-tightening force judgment module judges whether the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the tower body main limb of the tower crane is fullCan be used for foot. The method detects the real-time pre-tightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane by scientific and technological means, reduces the difficulty in troubleshooting, and greatly improves the detection efficiency of the pre-tightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of safety monitoring of large-scale tower mast type steel structures, and particularly relates to a real-time detection method for pre-tightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane body.
Background
The tower crane is a typical large-scale engineering machine, and belongs to high-risk special equipment in building construction. The tower crane has the characteristics of large operation space, high cost performance and the like, and becomes a hoisting machine with the widest application in building construction. The tower crane bears the complex alternating load effect during working, and the standard joint connecting bolt is easy to loosen. Regular inspection of the connecting bolts of the standard sections of the tower crane is a method for eliminating potential safety hazards, but the tower crane is huge in structure, and comprehensive inspection is time-consuming and labor-consuming work. Therefore, the invention provides a real-time detection method for the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects and the actual needs, the invention provides a real-time detection method for the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a real-time detection method for pre-tightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane tower body comprises the following steps:
(1) reading the geometric center of the top surface of the foundation of the tower crane by adopting the GNSS rover as the origin of a space coordinate;
(2) arranging a safety monitoring device of the tower crane at a geometric central point of a connecting position of a tower body and a crane boom of the tower crane, wherein a coordinate point read by the safety monitoring device of the tower crane in real time is P (x, y, z);
(3) after the tower crane is installed and the foundation bolts are confirmed to be in a fastened state, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to record P after the tower crane rotates for a circle in no-load state0Point coordinates, and calculate P0Horizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinate0；
(4) After the tower crane is used, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to monitor P after the tower crane rotates for one circle in real time under the no-load statetPoint coordinates, and calculate PtHorizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinatet；
(5) According to the StAnd S0Judging whether the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the main limb of the tower body of the tower crane meets the use requirement or not;
if St>S0The pre-tightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower body is in a dangerous range;
if St≤S0Then towerThe pretightening force of the bolt of the main body limb is in a safe range.
Further, as described in step 3
Namely, calculate P0And (4) determining the offset distance of the tower top before the tower crane is installed and is not used according to the distance between the point and the straight line of the origin on the horizontal plane.
Further, as described in step 4
Namely, calculate PtAnd the distance between the point and the straight line of the origin on the horizontal plane is used for judging the offset distance of the tower top of the tower crane after use, because the offset of the tower top becomes larger if the foundation bolt is loosened after use.
Further, the frequency of reading the coordinates of the point P is 100ms, and since the wind speed at a certain altitude of the working environment changes from moment to moment, the data to be read needs to be relatively frequent.
A real-time detection device for the pretightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane body comprises a tower crane safety monitoring device and an air speed sensor, wherein the tower crane safety monitoring device is in communication connection with the air speed sensor; the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is arranged at the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane and is used for detecting the offset displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane, namely the offset of the top of the tower; the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane and the point P are the same; the wind speed sensor is arranged at the top of a tower cap of the tower crane and is in communication connection with the safety monitoring device of the tower crane; the wind speed measuring device is used for measuring the ambient wind speed of the tower top of the tower crane.
Further, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane comprises a GNSS mobile station, a controller, a lora wireless transmission module, an audible and visual alarm, a display screen and power supply equipment; the antenna of the GNSS mobile station is arranged at a geometric central point, namely a point P, of a connecting position of a tower body and a crane boom of the tower crane, the controller is connected with the lora wireless transmission module through an I/O interface, and the lora wireless transmission module is connected with a safety monitoring system of the tower crane in a wireless mode; the display screen and the audible and visual alarm are arranged in the cockpit of the tower crane and are connected with the controller; the power supply equipment adopts a 30000 milliampere battery to supply power for the controller and the GNSS rover station.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the deformation displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane is detected in real time, and then the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane is calculated through the deformation displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane, so that reliable calculation data is provided for judging whether the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane is safe, the pretightening force detection efficiency of the main limb bolt of the tower crane is improved, and the accident occurrence probability is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the pretightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane tower body in real time;
fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a safety monitoring device of the tower crane.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2, a device for detecting the pretightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane body in real time comprises a tower crane safety monitoring device and a wind speed sensor, wherein the tower crane safety monitoring device is in communication connection with the wind speed sensor; the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is arranged at the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane and is used for detecting the offset displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane; the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane is the geometric center of the joint of the large arm and the tower body. The wind speed sensor is arranged at the top of a tower cap of the tower crane and is in communication connection with the safety monitoring device of the tower crane; the wind speed measuring device is used for measuring the ambient wind speed of the tower top of the tower crane. Because the wind speed affects the offset of the top of the tower, the wind speed is larger and the offset is larger.
The safety monitoring device for the tower crane comprises a GNSS mobile station, a controller, a lora wireless transmission module, an audible and visual alarm, a display screen and power supply equipment; the system also comprises external equipment, such as a tower crane monitoring host, wherein the tower crane monitoring host is used for carrying out real-time safety protection monitoring on the health state of the tower crane; the antenna of the GNSS mobile station is arranged at a geometric center point of a connecting position of a tower body and a crane boom of the tower crane as a point P, and is in communication connection with the controller through an RS485 communication line, the controller is connected with the lora wireless transmission module through an I/O interface, and the lora wireless transmission module is connected with a safety monitoring system of the tower crane in a wireless mode; the display screen and the audible and visual alarm are arranged in the cockpit of the tower crane and are connected with the controller; the power supply equipment adopts a 30000 milliampere battery to supply power for the controller and the GNSS rover station.
The controller comprises a configuration module, an acquisition module, a management module, an output module and an operation module; the configuration module is used for configuring and managing the acquisition module, the management module, the output module and the operation module; and the management module schedules the power supply equipment and the audible and visual alarm.
The antenna of the GNSS mobile station is arranged at the geometric center point of the connecting position of the tower body and the crane boom of the tower crane, the coordinate of the antenna of the GNSS mobile station is transmitted to the operation module through the acquisition module, the operation module operates the coordinate of the antenna of the GNSS mobile station to obtain the real-time displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane, and the output module outputs the health state of the tower crane to the safety monitoring host of the tower crane in real time through the lora wireless transmission module; and the output module outputs data such as the health state of the tower crane, the real-time displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane, the coordinates of the antenna of the GNSS mobile station and the like to a display screen for display.
A real-time detection method for pre-tightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane tower body comprises the following steps:
(1) reading the geometric center of the top surface of the foundation of the tower crane by adopting the GNSS rover as the origin of a space coordinate;
(2) arranging a safety monitoring device of the tower crane at a geometric central point of a connecting position of a tower body and a crane boom of the tower crane, wherein a coordinate point read by the safety monitoring device of the tower crane in real time is P (x, y, z);
(3) after the tower crane is installed and the foundation bolts are confirmed to be in the fastening state, the safety monitor of the tower crane is utilizedThe measuring device records P after the tower crane rotates for one circle in no-load0Point coordinates, and calculate P0Horizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinate0，
(4) After the tower crane is used, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to monitor P after the tower crane rotates for one circle in real time under the no-load statetPoint coordinates, and calculate PtHorizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinatet，
(5) According to the StAnd S0Judging whether the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the main limb of the tower body of the tower crane meets the use requirement or not;
if St>S0The pre-tightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower body is in a dangerous range;
if St≤S0And the pretightening force of the main column bolt of the tower body is in a safe range.
The above detection method is an ideal detection method, that is, when the wind speed is 0, in reality, the detection and determination need to be made in consideration of the influence of the wind speed as follows:
if St>S0K, the pre-tightening force of the tower body main limb bolt is in a dangerous range;
if St≤S0K, the pre-tightening force of the tower body main limb bolt is in a safe range;
k is a wind speed influence parameter, and the value of the wind speed influence parameter needs to be determined according to the detection value of a wind speed sensor, because the wind speed is higher, the time P is detected0The larger the offset of the point is, the offset at the moment is the offset of the tower body and the offset generated by wind blowing. When the wind speed is 0-3.3 m/s, the K value is 0.95, when the wind speed is 3.4-5.4 m/s, the K value is 0.9, when the wind speed is 5.5-7.9 m/s, the K value is 0.8, when the wind speed is more than 8.0m/s, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane gives an alarm, and the tower crane stops workingAnd (6) industry.
The detection method is characterized in that whether the pretightening force of the main column bolt of the tower body is in a safety range or not is determined through the offset of the top of the tower body, because the loose joint can slightly incline when the pretightening force is insufficient or the screw is loosened, the offset of the top (P point) of the tower body can be directly influenced after the joint inclines, and thus the detection method can be used for detecting the offset of the top of the tower body according to StWhether the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower body is within a safety range is judged.
The above embodiments relate to hardware models specifically as follows:
the GNSS mobile station adopts a model of mm-level GNSS;
the power supply equipment adopts a 30000 milliampere battery;
the lora wireless transmission module is of the type SX 1278;
the display screen adopts an HMI configuration screen;
the audible and visual alarm adopts YS-BJ 02.
While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A real-time detection method for pre-tightening force of a main limb bolt of a tower crane tower body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) reading the geometric center of the top surface of the foundation of the tower crane by adopting the GNSS rover as the origin of a space coordinate;
(2) arranging a safety monitoring device of the tower crane at a geometric central point of a connecting position of a tower body and a crane boom of the tower crane, wherein a coordinate point read by the safety monitoring device of the tower crane in real time is P (x, y, z);
(3) after the tower crane is installed and the foundation bolts are confirmed to be in a fastened state, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to record P after the tower crane rotates for a circle in no-load state0Point coordinates, and calculate P0Horizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinate0；
(4) After the tower crane is used, the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is utilized to monitor P after the tower crane rotates for one circle in real time under the no-load statetPoint coordinates, and calculate PtHorizontal real-time displacement S of point coordinate and origin coordinatet；
(5) According to the StAnd S0Judging whether the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the main limb of the tower crane body meets the requirements for use or not according to the numerical value:
if St>S0The pre-tightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower body is in a dangerous range;
if St≤S0And the pretightening force of the main column bolt of the tower body is in a safe range.
2. The method for detecting the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body in real time according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is performed
3. The method for detecting the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body in real time according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is performed
4. The method for detecting the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body in real time according to claim 1, wherein the reading frequency of the P point coordinate is 100 ms.
5. A device for realizing the method for detecting the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body in real time is characterized by comprising a tower crane safety monitoring device and a wind speed sensor, wherein the tower crane safety monitoring device is in communication connection with the wind speed sensor;
the safety monitoring device of the tower crane is arranged at the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane and is used for detecting the offset displacement of the top of the tower body of the tower crane; the geometric center point of the top of the tower body of the tower crane and the point P are the same;
the wind speed sensor is arranged on the top of a tower cap of the tower crane, is in communication connection with the safety monitoring device of the tower crane, and is used for measuring the ambient wind speed at the top of the tower crane.
6. The device for detecting the pretightening force of the main limb bolt of the tower crane tower body in real time according to claim 5, wherein the safety monitoring device of the tower crane comprises a GNSS (global navigation satellite system) mobile station, a controller, a lora wireless transmission module, an audible and visual alarm, a display screen and power equipment; the antenna of the GNSS mobile station is arranged at the geometric center point of the connecting position of the tower body and the crane boom of the tower crane, the controller is connected with the lora wireless transmission module through the I/O interface, and the lora wireless transmission module is connected with the safety monitoring system of the tower crane in a wireless mode; the display screen and the audible and visual alarm are arranged in the cockpit of the tower crane and are connected with the controller; the power supply equipment adopts a 30000 milliampere battery to supply power for the controller and the GNSS rover station.
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