CN114322161A - Medical shelter integrating ICU (intensive care unit), negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment and positive pressure protection functions - Google Patents
Medical shelter integrating ICU (intensive care unit), negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment and positive pressure protection functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322161A CN114322161A CN202210013540.8A CN202210013540A CN114322161A CN 114322161 A CN114322161 A CN 114322161A CN 202210013540 A CN202210013540 A CN 202210013540A CN 114322161 A CN114322161 A CN 114322161A
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Abstract
A medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions, comprising: a shelter unit; the cabin internal pressure control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit and the air exhaust unit so as to switch the medical shelter among a negative pressure isolation mode, a positive pressure protection mode and a common mode; and the oxygen-enriched treatment control unit is used for automatically controlling the oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the altitude of the medical shelter. Can provide various functions of ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment, positive pressure protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical shelter, and particularly relates to a medical shelter integrating ICU (intensive care unit), negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment and positive pressure protection functions.
Background
The plateau area is inconvenient to transport, and after the personnel suffer from injuries, the injured and sick personnel are difficult to rapidly send back, so how to provide high-efficiency and reliable medical logistics support on the spot is a difficult problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and drawbacks of the prior art, it is necessary to develop a medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of at least one of the above problems. According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions, comprising:
the shelter unit comprises a body part and folding parts which are positioned on two sides of the body part and can be folded upwards, wherein the body part comprises an equipment room, a storage cabinet, a treatment room, an isolation channel and an observation room which are sequentially arranged along a first direction, and each folding part is provided with a monitoring bed;
the cabin internal pressure control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit and the air exhaust unit so as to switch the medical shelter among a negative pressure isolation mode, a positive pressure protection mode and a common mode;
and the oxygen-enriched treatment control unit is used for automatically controlling the oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the altitude of the medical shelter.
According to another aspect of the invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment and positive pressure protection functions further comprises a biochemical dangerous substance detection unit for detecting biochemical dangerous substances in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter, and the intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to be automatically switched into the positive pressure protection mode when detecting that the biochemical dangerous substances exist in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, the intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to switch to the negative pressure isolation mode when a highly infectious patient needs to be rescued.
According to another aspect of the invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection functions further comprises a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the medical shelter.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the carbon dioxide absorbing means is activated to maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the medical treatment compartment below a second threshold when said concentration of carbon dioxide reaches a first threshold, said first threshold being greater than the second threshold.
According to another aspect of the invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions further comprises a biochemical dangerous substance filtering unit, and when biochemical dangerous substances in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter are detected, the biochemical dangerous substance filtering unit is started to send filtered air into the medical shelter.
According to another aspect of the invention, said integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection medical shelter further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of said surrounding environment, preferably said treatment room and said fold constitute an ICU ward.
According to another aspect of the invention, when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than a first preset temperature or lower than a second preset temperature, a part of the return air in the chamber is sent to the fresh air unit for processing and then is conveyed to the medical shelter.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, the oxygen therapy control unit comprises:
the altitude measuring unit is used for measuring a first altitude of the place where the medical shelter is located;
a target oxygen concentration calculation unit in the medical shelter, which is used for calculating the target oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the first altitude and a target altitude, wherein the target altitude is smaller than the first altitude;
an oxygen concentration sensor for measuring an actual oxygen concentration within the medical shelter;
and the control unit is used for automatically controlling the working state and the oxygen generation amount of the oxygen generator according to the actual oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration so as to enable the actual oxygen concentration in the medical shelter to reach the target oxygen concentration.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, the target oxygen concentration is calculated by:
P＝P0*(1-H/44300)5.256
in the formula: p is the atmospheric pressure of the place where the medical shelter is located, H is the altitude, P0Is at standard atmospheric pressure;
respectively calculating the atmospheric pressure P1 of the medical shelter at the first altitude and the atmospheric pressure P2 corresponding to the target altitude according to the formula;
C＝(P2-P1)*C0/P1+C0
wherein, C0Is the standard oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, and C is the target oxygen concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:
1. the multifunctional medical instrument can provide various functions such as ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment, positive pressure protection and the like, and improves the rescue capacity of plateau border areas;
2. carbon dioxide concentration monitoring is provided, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the cabin can be kept in a range favorable for oxygen-enriched treatment through the carbon dioxide absorption device;
3. the frequency and the demand of the whole ventilation of the reducible shelter of setting up carbon dioxide absorbing device are favorable to under extreme low temperature or extreme high temperature's adverse conditions under the plateau environment, prevent that the whole energy consumption of shelter is too fast too much, are favorable to keeping the environment of the indoor relatively stable, also can reduce the requirement to temperature regulation equipment, are favorable to reducing whole weight, improve mobility.
4. The optimal oxygen concentration in the cabin, which is beneficial to oxygen-enriched treatment, can be intelligently controlled according to the altitude, and medical personnel do not need to intervene manually according to experience;
5. the biochemical dangerous substance in the environment can be detected, and the medical shelter can be automatically and biochemically protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional schematic of a medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection functions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic layout of a medical shelter (deployed state) integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection functions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a control flow diagram of a medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection functions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the detailed description is for the purpose of illustrating the invention in detail, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, as various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, which are intended to be encompassed within the appended claims.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions, characterized by comprising:
the shelter unit comprises a body part and folding parts which are positioned on two sides of the body part and can be folded upwards, wherein the body part comprises an equipment room, a storage cabinet, a treatment room, an isolation channel and an observation room which are sequentially arranged along a first direction, and each folding part is provided with a monitoring bed;
the cabin internal pressure control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit and the air exhaust unit so as to switch the medical shelter among a negative pressure isolation mode, a positive pressure protection mode and a common mode;
and the oxygen-enriched treatment control unit is used for automatically controlling the oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the altitude of the medical shelter.
Preferably, the length of the stowage bin, treatment chamber, isolation channel and observation chamber in the first direction is slightly greater than the length of the fold.
Advantageously, the medical shelter can be used for treating diseases such as conventional critical illness, war wounds, light/severe infectious diseases, altitude adaptation insufficiency syndrome, frostbite, thermal shooting diseases and the like by combining special medical equipment, drug consumables and environment adjusting equipment, can realize motorized treatment functions such as critical illness treatment, oxygen enrichment treatment under low pressure, infectious disease isolation treatment and the like under the field environment condition in flat wartime, and has the protection capability of biological and chemical safety.
Preferably, the medical shelter is provided with first aid and life support equipment such as an invasive/noninvasive ventilator, a continuous bedside hemofiltration machine, a cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine, an extracorporeal oxygenation membrane-lung machine (ECMO), and auxiliary supporting facilities such as a positive-negative pressure ventilation unit with temperature and humidity control and a plateau oxygen generator unit, so that motorized transportation and field emergency medical treatment and treatment functions of the cabin body are realized.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions further comprises a biochemical hazardous substance detection unit for detecting biochemical hazardous substances in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter, and the intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to automatically switch to the positive pressure protection mode when detecting the biochemical hazardous substances in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter.
According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to switch to the negative pressure isolation mode when a highly infectious patient needs to be rescued.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection further comprises a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the medical shelter.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbon dioxide absorption means is activated to maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the medical treatment chamber below a second threshold value when said concentration of carbon dioxide reaches a first threshold value, said first threshold value being greater than said second threshold value. Advantageously, the frequency and the demand of overall ventilation of the shelter can be reduced by the carbon dioxide absorption device, so that the overall energy consumption of the shelter can be prevented from being too fast and too much under severe conditions such as extremely low temperature or extremely high temperature in a plateau environment, the relatively stable environment in the shelter can be kept, the requirements on temperature regulation equipment such as power can be reduced, the overall weight of the shelter can be reduced, and the maneuverability can be improved.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection further comprises a bio-chemical hazardous substance filtering unit, and when bio-chemical hazardous substances are detected in the surrounding environment of the medical shelter, the bio-chemical hazardous substance filtering unit is activated to send filtered air into the medical shelter.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched therapy and positive pressure protection functions further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the surrounding environment, and preferably, the treatment room and the folded part constitute an ICU ward.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor is greater than a first predetermined temperature or less than a second predetermined temperature, a part of the return air in the chamber is sent to the fresh air unit for processing and then is sent to the medical treatment chamber. The square cabin is beneficial to preventing the whole energy consumption of the square cabin from being too fast and too much under severe conditions such as extreme low temperature or extreme high temperature in a plateau environment, and is beneficial to maintaining a relatively stable environment in the cabin.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-enriched therapy control unit comprises:
the altitude measuring unit is used for measuring a first altitude of the place where the medical shelter is located;
a target oxygen concentration calculation unit in the medical shelter, which is used for calculating the target oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the first altitude and a target altitude, wherein the target altitude is smaller than the first altitude;
an oxygen concentration sensor for measuring an actual oxygen concentration within the medical shelter;
and the control unit is used for automatically controlling the working state and the oxygen generation amount of the oxygen generator according to the actual oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration so as to enable the actual oxygen concentration in the medical shelter to reach the target oxygen concentration.
According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the target oxygen concentration is calculated by the following method:
P＝P0*(1-H/44300)5.256
in the formula: p is the atmospheric pressure of the place where the medical shelter is located, H is the altitude, P0Is at standard atmospheric pressure;
respectively calculating the atmospheric pressure P1 of the medical shelter at the first altitude and the atmospheric pressure P2 corresponding to the target altitude according to the formula;
C＝(P2-P1)*C0/P1+C0
wherein, C0Is the standard oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, and C is the target oxygen concentration.
Preferably, further explanation is given below by way of specific examples.
P＝P0*(1-H/44300)5.256
In the formula: h-altitude, P0Atmospheric pressure (0 ℃, 101.325kPa)
The calculation can obtain: air pressure P at an altitude of 5000m (or 4500m)5000m＝53.994kPa(P4500m57.753 kPa); at an altitude of 3000m, the air pressure P3000m＝70.089kPa(70.121kPa)
The oxygen partial pressure between altitude 5000 and altitude 3000m is then: 11.285kPa and 14.649kPa
If the oxygen partial pressure at the corresponding altitude of 5000m in the cabin body is consistent with the altitude of 3000m, the oxygen partial pressure at the altitude of 5000m at least needs to be increased as follows:
ΔPO2＝(70.089-53.994)*20.9％/53.994＝6.23％
(ΔPO2＝(70.121-57.753)*20.9％/57.753＝4.48％)
i.e. at an altitude of 5000m, the oxygen concentration in the cabin increases to 27.13% (25.38%) in line with the equivalent height at an altitude of 3000 m.
Advantageously, the medical shelter has an oxygen enrichment function, can realize that the equivalent physiological height of any high-altitude area is basically consistent with the altitude of 3000m, and can obtain an excellent oxygen enrichment treatment effect.
Referring to fig. 3, a specific control flow chart for controlling the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the medical cabin in a specific oxygen-enriched treatment mode is shown according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is understood that the values and the like therein are not used as limitations of the present invention and can be adjusted as required by those skilled in the art.
Advantageously, the medical shelter has the following functions:
1) the multifunctional intensive care unit has the basic functions of a conventional ICU ward, and forms the capacity of treating and curing critical patients;
2) the isolation device has the isolation function of the negative pressure ward, and provides an isolation and treatment environment for new crowns or other infectious patients;
3) an oxygen-enriched environment with adjustable concentration can be formed, and oxygen-enriched treatment is provided for patients with altitude adept syndrome;
4) can form a standard positive pressure environment in the cabin, and realize the protection capability of biological and chemical safety.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:
1. the multifunctional medical instrument can provide various functions such as ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment, positive pressure protection and the like, and improves the rescue capacity of plateau border areas;
2. carbon dioxide concentration monitoring is provided, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the cabin can be kept in a range favorable for oxygen-enriched treatment through the carbon dioxide absorption device;
3. the frequency and the demand of the whole ventilation of the reducible shelter of setting up carbon dioxide absorbing device are favorable to under extreme low temperature or extreme high temperature's adverse conditions under the plateau environment, prevent that the whole energy consumption of shelter is too fast too much, are favorable to keeping the environment of the indoor relatively stable, also can reduce the requirement to temperature regulation equipment, are favorable to reducing whole weight, improve mobility.
4. The optimal oxygen concentration in the cabin, which is beneficial to oxygen-enriched treatment, can be intelligently controlled according to the altitude, and medical personnel do not need to intervene manually according to experience;
5. the biochemical dangerous substance in the environment can be detected, and the medical shelter can be automatically and biochemically protected.
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. It will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an integrated ICU, negative pressure are kept apart, oxygen boosting treatment and malleation safeguard function's medical shelter which characterized in that includes:
the shelter unit comprises a body part and folding parts which are positioned on two sides of the body part and can be folded upwards, wherein the body part comprises an equipment room, a storage cabinet, a treatment room, an isolation channel and an observation room which are sequentially arranged along a first direction, and each folding part is provided with a monitoring bed;
the cabin internal pressure control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit and the air exhaust unit so as to switch the medical shelter among a negative pressure isolation mode, a positive pressure protection mode and a common mode;
and the oxygen-enriched treatment control unit is used for automatically controlling the oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the altitude of the medical shelter.
2. The medical shelter integrating the ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure containment functions of claim 1, further comprising a biochemical hazardous material detection unit for detecting biochemical hazardous materials in the ambient environment of the medical shelter, wherein the intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to automatically switch to the positive pressure containment mode when detecting the presence of biochemical hazardous materials in the ambient environment of the medical shelter.
3. The medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection as claimed in claim 2, wherein said intra-cabin pressure control unit controls the medical shelter to switch to negative pressure isolation mode when a highly contagious patient needs to be treated.
4. An integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy enrichment and positive pressure protection medical shelter according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide within the medical shelter.
5. An integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection medical shelter as claimed in claim 4, wherein said carbon dioxide absorber means is activated to maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide within the medical shelter below a second threshold when said concentration of carbon dioxide reaches a first threshold, said first threshold being greater than said second threshold.
6. The medical shelter integrating ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a bio-hazardous substances filter unit, wherein the bio-hazardous substances filter unit is activated to deliver filtered air into the medical shelter upon detection of bio-hazardous substances in the environment surrounding the medical shelter.
7. An integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy enrichment and positive pressure protection medical shelter according to any of claims 1-3, further comprising a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the surrounding environment, preferably the treatment room and the fold constituting an ICU ward.
8. The medical shelter of claim 7, integrated with ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection, wherein when the ambient temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is greater than a first predetermined temperature or less than a second predetermined temperature, a portion of the return air in the shelter is sent to a fresh air unit for processing and then to the medical shelter.
9. An integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection medical shelter according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said oxygen therapy control unit comprises:
the altitude measuring unit is used for measuring a first altitude of the place where the medical shelter is located;
a target oxygen concentration calculation unit in the medical shelter, which is used for calculating the target oxygen concentration in the medical shelter according to the first altitude and a target altitude, wherein the target altitude is smaller than the first altitude;
an oxygen concentration sensor for measuring an actual oxygen concentration within the medical shelter;
and the control unit is used for automatically controlling the working state and the oxygen generation amount of the oxygen generator according to the actual oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration so as to enable the actual oxygen concentration in the medical shelter to reach the target oxygen concentration.
10. An integrated ICU, negative pressure isolation, oxygen therapy and positive pressure protection medical shelter as claimed in claim 9, wherein said target oxygen concentration is calculated by:
P＝P0*(1-H/44300)5.256
in the formula: p is the atmospheric pressure of the place where the medical shelter is located, H is the altitude, P0Is a labelA quasi-atmospheric pressure;
respectively calculating the atmospheric pressure P1 of the medical shelter at the first altitude and the atmospheric pressure P2 corresponding to the target altitude according to the formula;
C＝(P2-P1)*C0/P1+C0
wherein, C0Is the standard oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, and C is the target oxygen concentration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210013540.8A CN114322161A (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Medical shelter integrating ICU (intensive care unit), negative pressure isolation, oxygen-enriched treatment and positive pressure protection functions |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20220412 |